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  1. Article ; Online: The Relationship between Social Cohesion and Urban Green Space: An Avenue for Health Promotion.

    Jennings, Viniece / Bamkole, Omoshalewa

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2019  Volume 16, Issue 3

    Abstract: Social cohesion involves the interpersonal dynamics and sense of connection among people. Increased social cohesion can be associated with various physical and psychological health benefits. The presence of urban green spaces can encourage positive ... ...

    Abstract Social cohesion involves the interpersonal dynamics and sense of connection among people. Increased social cohesion can be associated with various physical and psychological health benefits. The presence of urban green spaces can encourage positive social interactions that cultivate social cohesion in ways that enhance health and well-being. Urban green spaces have also been linked to positive health behaviors and outcomes including increased physical activity and social engagement. Understanding the relationship between social cohesion and urban green space is important for informing holistic approaches to health. In this article, we discuss how positive interactions in urban green space can catalyze social cohesion, social capital and critical health-promoting behaviors that may enhance psychological health and well-being. We also summarize the strengths and limitations of previous studies and suggest directions for future research.
    MeSH term(s) Environment Design ; Health Behavior ; Health Promotion/methods ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Mental Health ; Parks, Recreational ; Social Capital ; Urban Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph16030452
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  2. Article ; Online: "I Can't Breathe": Examining the Legacy of American Racism on Determinants of Health and the Ongoing Pursuit of Environmental Justice.

    Roberts, Jennifer D / Dickinson, Katherine L / Hendricks, Marccus D / Jennings, Viniece

    Current environmental health reports

    2022  Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 211–227

    Abstract: Purpose of review: "I can't breathe" were the last words spoken by Eric Garner (July 17, 2014), Javier Ambler (March 28, 2019), Elijah McClain (August 30, 2019), Manuel Ellis (March 3, 2020), and George Floyd (May 25, 2020). These were all African ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: "I can't breathe" were the last words spoken by Eric Garner (July 17, 2014), Javier Ambler (March 28, 2019), Elijah McClain (August 30, 2019), Manuel Ellis (March 3, 2020), and George Floyd (May 25, 2020). These were all African American men who died at the hands of police in the United States. Recently, police brutality has gained critical and overdue attention as one clear manifestation of systemic racism. However, historical and current policies related to a wide range of environmental hazards have exposed Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) to disproportionately high levels of physical, mental, social, emotional, and cultural toxicities, thus creating unbreathable and unlivable communities.
    Recent findings: This paper traces the roots of systemic anti-Black racism in America from its origins in the 1400s, through systems of scientific racism that pathologized Blackness in order to justify slavery, and through evolving policies and structures that have shifted over time but consistently exposed many African American communities to unsafe and unhealthy environments. We conclude with calls for bold solutions to move through and past this oppressive history and toward true environmental justice the enables all communities to thrive together.
    MeSH term(s) African Americans ; Environmental Justice ; Humans ; Racism ; Social Determinants of Health ; Social Justice ; Systemic Racism ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2196-5412
    ISSN (online) 2196-5412
    DOI 10.1007/s40572-022-00343-x
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  3. Article ; Online: Green infrastructure can limit but not solve air pollution injustice.

    Jennings, Viniece / Reid, Colleen E / Fuller, Christina H

    Nature communications

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 4681

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-021-24892-1
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  4. Article ; Online: Green Gentrification and Health: A Scoping Review.

    Jelks, Na'Taki Osborne / Jennings, Viniece / Rigolon, Alessandro

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 3

    Abstract: Urban greening initiatives are often linked to enhanced human health and wellbeing, but they can also be a driver of gentrification. To date, few studies have focused on how green gentrification shapes health. In this scoping review, we analyzed existing ...

    Abstract Urban greening initiatives are often linked to enhanced human health and wellbeing, but they can also be a driver of gentrification. To date, few studies have focused on how green gentrification shapes health. In this scoping review, we analyzed existing peer-reviewed research on how greening initiatives in gentrifying neighborhoods impact health, well-being, and health pathways (e.g., physical activity, affordable housing). Using a multi-step approach to scoping the literature (including searches in PubMed, JSTOR, and Google Scholar), we identified 15 empirical studies that met our inclusion criteria. We found studies focusing on green space use, physical activity, sense of community, safety, and self-reported health. Overall, longtime, marginalized residents are negatively impacted by green gentrification as they experience a lower sense of community, feel that they do not belong in green space, and, in many studies, use green space less often than newcomers. Overall, the research in this area is limited, and more studies on mental health and cardiovascular health markers could advance this literature. Based on the limited available evidence, we suggest that public health, urban planning, and parks professionals could collaborate to enhance the use of green space for marginalized residents and their feelings of inclusion in gentrifying areas.
    MeSH term(s) City Planning ; Exercise ; Humans ; Parks, Recreational ; Residence Characteristics ; Social Change
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph18030907
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  5. Article ; Online: Approaching environmental health disparities and green spaces: an ecosystem services perspective.

    Jennings, Viniece / Gaither, Cassandra Johnson

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2015  Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 1952–1968

    Abstract: Health disparities occur when adverse health conditions are unequal across populations due in part to gaps in wealth. These disparities continue to plague global health. Decades of research suggests that the natural environment can play a key role in ... ...

    Abstract Health disparities occur when adverse health conditions are unequal across populations due in part to gaps in wealth. These disparities continue to plague global health. Decades of research suggests that the natural environment can play a key role in sustaining the health of the public. However, the influence of the natural environment on health disparities is not well-articulated. Green spaces provide ecosystem services that are vital to public health. This paper discusses the link between green spaces and some of the nation's leading health issues such as obesity, cardiovascular health, heat-related illness, and psychological health. These associations are discussed in terms of key demographic variables—race, ethnicity, and income. The authors also identify research gaps and recommendations for future research.
    MeSH term(s) Delivery of Health Care/economics ; Disease Susceptibility/epidemiology ; Ecosystem ; Environment ; Environmental Health ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Public Health ; Socioeconomic Factors ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-02-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph120201952
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  6. Article: Inequities in the quality of urban park systems: An environmental justice investigation of cities in the United States

    Rigolon, Alessandro / Browning, Matthew / Jennings, Viniece

    Elsevier B.V. Landscape and urban planning. 2018 Oct., v. 178

    2018  

    Abstract: A growing body of research shows affluent White neighborhoods have more acres of parks and more park facilities than low-income ethnic minority communities in many Global North cities. Most of these investigations focused on neighborhood-level ... ...

    Abstract A growing body of research shows affluent White neighborhoods have more acres of parks and more park facilities than low-income ethnic minority communities in many Global North cities. Most of these investigations focused on neighborhood-level differences and did not analyze broader inequities across cities. This is a particularly significant limitation in the U.S., where changes in the political economy of parks due to a reduced local tax base have led cities to compete against each other to secure park funding from national nonprofits and public agencies. To address this gap, we examined whether the quality of urban park systems – measured through The Trust for Public Land’s ParkScore – varies depending on a city’s median income and ethnic composition. Based on multivariate regressions in which we control for features of the urban fabric, we found U.S. cities with higher median incomes and lower percentages of Latino and Non-Hispanic Black residents have higher ParkScores than other cities. Some inequities also emerged for park coverage, park spending per person, and park facilities, with majority-Latino cities being particularly disadvantaged. These findings echo the results of neighborhood-level studies in Global North contexts, suggesting neighborhood-level inequities in park provision might scale up to inequities across cities. This study contributes to environmental justice theory and advocacy by demonstrating the importance of scaling up analyses of park provision to cross-city comparisons. Implications for landscape planning, public policy, and grant-making are discussed.
    Keywords Latinos ; advocacy ; cities ; funding ; government agencies ; income ; landscapes ; minorities (people) ; planning ; politics ; public lands ; public policy ; urban parks ; United States
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-10
    Size p. 156-169.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 742504-1
    ISSN 1872-6062 ; 0169-2046
    ISSN (online) 1872-6062
    ISSN 0169-2046
    DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.05.026
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: My perspective on Greening the City, Connecting Urbanites to Nature

    Jennings, Viniece

    Compass : recent publications of the Southern Research Station. 2009 Sept., issue 14

    2009  

    Keywords urban forestry ; governmental programs and projects ; USDA Forest Service ; outdoor recreation ; urban population ; cultural differences ; ethnic differences ; forest inventory ; forests ; urban areas ; human health ; Southeastern United States
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2009-09
    Size p. 14-15.
    Document type Article
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Public Parks and Wellbeing in Urban Areas of the United States.

    Larson, Lincoln R / Jennings, Viniece / Cloutier, Scott A

    PloS one

    2016  Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) e0153211

    Abstract: Sustainable development efforts in urban areas often focus on understanding and managing factors that influence all aspects of health and wellbeing. Research has shown that public parks and green space provide a variety of physical, psychological, and ... ...

    Abstract Sustainable development efforts in urban areas often focus on understanding and managing factors that influence all aspects of health and wellbeing. Research has shown that public parks and green space provide a variety of physical, psychological, and social benefits to urban residents, but few studies have examined the influence of parks on comprehensive measures of subjective wellbeing at the city level. Using 2014 data from 44 U.S. cities, we evaluated the relationship between urban park quantity, quality, and accessibility and aggregate self-reported scores on the Gallup-Healthways Wellbeing Index (WBI), which considers five different domains of wellbeing (e.g., physical, community, social, financial, and purpose). In addition to park-related variables, our best-fitting OLS regression models selected using an information theory approach controlled for a variety of other typical geographic and socio-demographic correlates of wellbeing. Park quantity (measured as the percentage of city area covered by public parks) was among the strongest predictors of overall wellbeing, and the strength of this relationship appeared to be driven by parks' contributions to physical and community wellbeing. Park quality (measured as per capita spending on parks) and accessibility (measured as the overall percentage of a city's population within ½ mile of parks) were also positively associated with wellbeing, though these relationships were not significant. Results suggest that expansive park networks are linked to multiple aspects of health and wellbeing in cities and positively impact urban quality of life.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Environment Design/statistics & numerical data ; Exercise ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Public Facilities/statistics & numerical data ; Quality of Life ; Recreation ; United States ; Urban Population ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-04-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0153211
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  9. Article: Finding Common Ground: Environmental Ethics, Social Justice, and a Sustainable Path for Nature-Based Health Promotion.

    Jennings, Viniece / Yun, Jessica / Larson, Lincoln

    Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

    2016  Volume 4, Issue 3

    Abstract: Decades of research have documented continuous tension between anthropocentric needs and the environment's capacity to accommodate those needs and support basic human welfare. The way in which society perceives, manages, and ultimately utilizes natural ... ...

    Abstract Decades of research have documented continuous tension between anthropocentric needs and the environment's capacity to accommodate those needs and support basic human welfare. The way in which society perceives, manages, and ultimately utilizes natural resources can be influenced by underlying environmental ethics, or the moral relationship that humans share with the natural world. This discourse often centers on the complex interplay between the tangible and intangible benefits associated with nonhuman nature (e.g., green space), both of which are relevant to public health. When ecosystem degradation is coupled with socio-demographic transitions, additional concerns related to distributional equity and justice can arise. In this commentary, we explore how environmental ethics can inform the connection between the ecosystem services from green space and socially just strategies of health promotion.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-08-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2721009-1
    ISSN 2227-9032
    ISSN 2227-9032
    DOI 10.3390/healthcare4030061
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  10. Article ; Online: Advancing Sustainability through Urban Green Space: Cultural Ecosystem Services, Equity, and Social Determinants of Health.

    Jennings, Viniece / Larson, Lincoln / Yun, Jessica

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2016  Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 196

    Abstract: Urban green spaces provide an array of benefits, or ecosystem services, that support our physical, psychological, and social health. In many cases, however, these benefits are not equitably distributed across diverse urban populations. In this paper, we ... ...

    Abstract Urban green spaces provide an array of benefits, or ecosystem services, that support our physical, psychological, and social health. In many cases, however, these benefits are not equitably distributed across diverse urban populations. In this paper, we explore relationships between cultural ecosystem services provided by urban green space and the social determinants of health outlined in the United States Healthy People 2020 initiative. Specifically, we: (1) explore connections between cultural ecosystem services and social determinants of health; (2) examine cultural ecosystem services as nature-based health amenities to promote social equity; and (3) recommend areas for future research examining links between urban green space and public health within the context of environmental justice.
    MeSH term(s) Ecosystem ; Environment ; Environment Design ; Humans ; Nature ; Public Health ; Social Determinants of Health ; Social Justice ; Urban Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-02-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph13020196
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