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  1. Article: Comparative evaluation of different molecular methods for DNA extraction from individual Teladorsagia circumcincta nematodes

    Sloan, S / Jenvey, C. J / Piedrafita, D / Preston, S / Stear, M. J

    BMC biotechnology. 2021 Dec., v. 21, no. 1

    2021  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable DNA extraction protocol to use on individual Teladorsagia circumcincta nematode specimens to produce high quality DNA for genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Pooled samples have ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable DNA extraction protocol to use on individual Teladorsagia circumcincta nematode specimens to produce high quality DNA for genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Pooled samples have been critical in providing the groundwork for T. circumcincta genome construction, but there is currently no standard method for extracting high-quality DNA from individual nematodes. 11 extraction kits were compared based on DNA quality, yield, and processing time. RESULTS: 11 extraction protocols were compared, and the concentration and purity of the extracted DNA was quantified. Median DNA concentration among all methods measured on NanoDrop 2000™ ranged between 0.45–11.5 ng/μL, and on Qubit™ ranged between undetectable – 0.962 ng/μL. Median A260/280 ranged between 0.505–3.925, and median A260/230 ranged − 0.005 – 1.545. Larval exsheathment to remove the nematode cuticle negatively impacted DNA concentration and purity. CONCLUSIONS: A Schistosoma sp. DNA extraction method was determined as most suitable for individual T. circumcincta nematode specimens due to its resulting DNA concentration, purity, and relatively fast processing time.
    Keywords DNA ; Schistosoma ; Teladorsagia circumcincta ; biotechnology ; ecdysis ; genome ; larvae ; phylogeny
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-12
    Size p. 35.
    Publishing place BioMed Central
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1472-6750
    DOI 10.1186/s12896-021-00695-6
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: A pilot study to investigate the measurement of immunoglobulin A in Welsh Cob and Welsh Pony foals' faeces and their dam's milk.

    Riley, C B / Jenvey, C J / Baker, F J / Corripio, A

    New Zealand veterinary journal

    2020  Volume 68, Issue 4, Page(s) 225–230

    Abstract: Aims: ...

    Abstract Aims:
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary ; Feces/chemistry ; Horses/metabolism ; Immunoglobulin A/chemistry ; Immunoglobulin A/metabolism ; Milk/chemistry ; Pilot Projects
    Chemical Substances Immunoglobulin A
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 415642-0
    ISSN 1176-0710 ; 0048-0169
    ISSN (online) 1176-0710
    ISSN 0048-0169
    DOI 10.1080/00480169.2020.1732245
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 588: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Comparative evaluation of different molecular methods for DNA extraction from individual Teladorsagia circumcincta nematodes.

    Sloan, S / Jenvey, C J / Piedrafita, D / Preston, S / Stear, M J

    BMC biotechnology

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 35

    Abstract: Background: The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable DNA extraction protocol to use on individual Teladorsagia circumcincta nematode specimens to produce high quality DNA for genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Pooled samples have ... ...

    Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable DNA extraction protocol to use on individual Teladorsagia circumcincta nematode specimens to produce high quality DNA for genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Pooled samples have been critical in providing the groundwork for T. circumcincta genome construction, but there is currently no standard method for extracting high-quality DNA from individual nematodes. 11 extraction kits were compared based on DNA quality, yield, and processing time.
    Results: 11 extraction protocols were compared, and the concentration and purity of the extracted DNA was quantified. Median DNA concentration among all methods measured on NanoDrop 2000™ ranged between 0.45-11.5 ng/μL, and on Qubit™ ranged between undetectable - 0.962 ng/μL. Median A260/280 ranged between 0.505-3.925, and median A260/230 ranged - 0.005 - 1.545. Larval exsheathment to remove the nematode cuticle negatively impacted DNA concentration and purity.
    Conclusions: A Schistosoma sp. DNA extraction method was determined as most suitable for individual T. circumcincta nematode specimens due to its resulting DNA concentration, purity, and relatively fast processing time.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; DNA, Helminth/genetics ; DNA, Helminth/isolation & purification ; Feces ; Genetic Techniques ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases/parasitology ; Strongylida/classification ; Strongylida/genetics ; Strongylida/isolation & purification ; Strongylida Infections/parasitology ; Strongylida Infections/veterinary
    Chemical Substances DNA, Helminth
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1472-6750
    ISSN (online) 1472-6750
    DOI 10.1186/s12896-021-00695-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Quantification of behavioural variation among sheep grazing on pasture using accelerometer sensors

    Almasi, F. / Nguyen, H. / Heydarian, D. / Sohi, R. / Nikbin, S. / Jenvey, C. J. / Halliwell, E. / Ponnampalam, E. N. / Desai, A. / Jois, M. / Stear, M. J.

    Animal production science. 2022, v. 62, no. 15

    2022  

    Abstract: Context Monitoring the behaviour of animals can provide early warning signs of disease or indicate loss of appetite. Also, an understanding of the variation in behaviours among animals and their distributions is essential for meaningful statistical ... ...

    Abstract Context Monitoring the behaviour of animals can provide early warning signs of disease or indicate loss of appetite. Also, an understanding of the variation in behaviours among animals and their distributions is essential for meaningful statistical inference. Therefore, quantifying the variation of behaviours is of both biological and statistical interest. Aim The objectives of this study were to determine the distributions and quantify the variation among animals with respect to the times spent grazing, ruminating, idling, walking, and licking. Methods The activities of 147 (male=67, female=80) Merino lambs at 10–11months of age on a commercial farm in Edenhope, Victoria, Australia were recorded for 26days, using ActiGraph accelerometer sensors attached to the left side of the sheep’s muzzle. The male and female sheep were kept in separate paddocks. A Support Vector Machine algorithm was used to differentiate sheep behaviour into six categories: grazing, ruminating, idling, walking, licking, and other activities. The distributions of behaviours were analysed using energy statistics-based tests and Generalised Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS). Different distributions were compared using Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) values. Key results Among the distributions that were considered, we found that times spent ruminating in both male and female sheep populations as well as idling in male sheep were best described by the skew exponential type 2 distribution. Grazing, walking and licking behaviours were best described by the Box–Cox t distribution. The distribution of time spent grazing was symmetrical and unimodal in males, and adequately modelled by a normal distribution, but the distribution in females had a prominent left skew. Also, we found that females typically grazed for a longer time than males. However, males spent more time ruminating than grazing. Conclusions The time spent by the animal in each activity varied during the day. Within each population, the variation among animals in the time spent grazing was best described by a Box–Cox t distribution. Implications This study has enhanced our understanding of grazing behaviour and will facilitate more appropriate analyses of the causes of variation among animals in grazing behaviour.
    Keywords Merino ; accelerometers ; actigraphy ; animal production ; anorexia ; commercial farms ; energy ; females ; males ; normal distribution ; pastures ; sheep ; statistical inference ; support vector machines ; Australia
    Language English
    Size p. 1527-1538.
    Publishing place CSIRO Publishing
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2472524-9
    ISSN 1836-5787 ; 1836-0939
    ISSN (online) 1836-5787
    ISSN 1836-0939
    DOI 10.1071/AN21464
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 1435: Show issues

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  5. Article: Bioinformatic analysis of eosinophil activity and its implications for model and target species

    Jenvey, C.J / Alenizi, D / Almasi, F / Cairns, C / Holmes, A / Sloan, S / Stear, M.J

    Parasitology. 2020 Apr., v. 147, no. 4

    2020  

    Abstract: Eosinophils are important immune cells that have been implicated in resistance to gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections in both naturally and experimentally infected sheep. Proteins of particular importance appear to be IgA-Fc alpha receptor (FcαRI), ...

    Abstract Eosinophils are important immune cells that have been implicated in resistance to gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections in both naturally and experimentally infected sheep. Proteins of particular importance appear to be IgA-Fc alpha receptor (FcαRI), C-C chemokine receptor type 3 (CCR3), proteoglycan 3 (PRG3, major basic protein 2) and EPX (eosinophil peroxidase). We used known human nucleotide sequences to search the ruminant genomes, followed by translation to protein and sequence alignments to visualize differences between sequences and species. Where a sequence was retrieved for cow, but not for sheep and goat, this was used additionally as a reference sequence. In this review, we show that eosinophil function varies among host species. Consequently, investigations into the mechanisms of ruminant immune responses to GIN should be conducted using the natural host. Specifically, we address differences in protein sequence and structure for eosinophil proteins.
    Keywords CCR3 receptor ; amino acid sequences ; bioinformatics ; cows ; eosinophils ; gastrointestinal nematodes ; genome ; goats ; hosts ; humans ; immune response ; models ; nucleotide sequences ; peroxidase ; proteoglycans ; sequence alignment ; sheep ; translation (genetics)
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-04
    Size p. 393-400.
    Publishing place Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 207627-5
    ISSN 1469-8161 ; 0031-1820
    ISSN (online) 1469-8161
    ISSN 0031-1820
    DOI 10.1017/S0031182019001768
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 4' 55/15: Show issues

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  6. Article ; Online: Bioinformatic analysis of eosinophil activity and its implications for model and target species.

    Jenvey, C J / Alenizi, D / Almasi, F / Cairns, C / Holmes, A / Sloan, S / Stear, M J

    Parasitology

    2019  Volume 147, Issue 4, Page(s) 393–400

    Abstract: Eosinophils are important immune cells that have been implicated in resistance to gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections in both naturally and experimentally infected sheep. Proteins of particular importance appear to be IgA-Fc alpha receptor (FcαRI), ...

    Abstract Eosinophils are important immune cells that have been implicated in resistance to gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections in both naturally and experimentally infected sheep. Proteins of particular importance appear to be IgA-Fc alpha receptor (FcαRI), C-C chemokine receptor type 3 (CCR3), proteoglycan 3 (PRG3, major basic protein 2) and EPX (eosinophil peroxidase). We used known human nucleotide sequences to search the ruminant genomes, followed by translation to protein and sequence alignments to visualize differences between sequences and species. Where a sequence was retrieved for cow, but not for sheep and goat, this was used additionally as a reference sequence. In this review, we show that eosinophil function varies among host species. Consequently, investigations into the mechanisms of ruminant immune responses to GIN should be conducted using the natural host. Specifically, we address differences in protein sequence and structure for eosinophil proteins.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/immunology ; Computational Biology/methods ; Eosinophils/immunology ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/immunology ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/veterinary ; Goat Diseases/immunology ; Goats ; Humans ; Nematode Infections/immunology ; Nematode Infections/veterinary ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases/immunology ; Sheep, Domestic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 207627-5
    ISSN 1469-8161 ; 0031-1820
    ISSN (online) 1469-8161
    ISSN 0031-1820
    DOI 10.1017/S0031182019001768
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Uh II Zs.220: Show issues Location:
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