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  1. Article ; Online: Prevalence of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder among Female Students of a Medical College in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

    Jha, Reena Kumari / Jha, Mina

    JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association

    2022  Volume 60, Issue 245, Page(s) 72–76

    Abstract: Introduction: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome that impairs quality of life and carries an increased risk of suicidal attempts. Hormonal changes may underlie these symptoms. The present study was conducted to ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome that impairs quality of life and carries an increased risk of suicidal attempts. Hormonal changes may underlie these symptoms. The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder among female students of a medical college in Nepal.
    Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 266 healthy young females in a medical college of Nepal from 21st June 2021 to 31st August 2021 with approval from the Institutional Review Committee 51/2021. Convenience sampling was done. Self-rated questionnaire of premenstrual symptoms screening tool was used to evaluate premenstrual dysphoric disorder. The Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool reflects and translates categorical Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV criteria into a rating scale with degrees of severity. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for the binary data.
    Results: Out of 266 female students, we found that the prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder was 10 (3.8%) (1.50-6.10 at 95% Confidence Interval).
    Conclusions: The prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder in our study was found to be higher when compared to other similar studies.
    MeSH term(s) Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Nepal/epidemiology ; Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder/diagnosis ; Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life ; Students
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-15
    Publishing country Nepal
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2209910-4
    ISSN 1815-672X ; 0028-2715
    ISSN (online) 1815-672X
    ISSN 0028-2715
    DOI 10.31729/jnma.7227
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Influence of Body Mass Index, Handedness and Gender on Ruler Drop Method Reaction Time among Adults.

    Jha, Reena Kumari / Thapa, Samjhana / Kasti, Roshan / Nepal, Ojashwi

    Journal of Nepal Health Research Council

    2020  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 108–111

    Abstract: Background: The interval between stimulus and response is called reaction time. It measures the sensorimotor function and performance of an individual. It involves stimulus processing, decision making and response programming. Many factors such as age, ... ...

    Abstract Background: The interval between stimulus and response is called reaction time. It measures the sensorimotor function and performance of an individual. It involves stimulus processing, decision making and response programming. Many factors such as age, gender, handedness, physical fitness, sleep, fatigue, distraction, personality type and type of stimulus have been shown to affect reaction time. Thus the aim of this study was to assess the effect of body mass index, handedness and gender on reaction time.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, from October 2019 to December 2019, among 113 student volunteers. Height and weight were recorded and body mass index was then calculated. In ruler drop method, the students were made to sit with their forearm resting on a flat horizontal table surface, with their open hand at the edge of the surface. When the examiner suspended and released the ruler vertically the students were instructed to catch it as quickly as possible.
    Results: Females had a faster reaction time than males when testing either hand (178.46±17.56 Vs 195.99±15.67; right hand) and (184.25±17.02 Vs 199.57±15.91; left hand). In females, right hand responded faster than left hand. In both gender, reaction time was faster in normal weight compared to overweight individuals but it was statistically insignificant.
    Conclusions: Females responded faster than males. Right hand had shorter reaction time than left hand in females. Reaction time was insignificantly prolonged in overweight individuals.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Functional Laterality/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Nepal ; Observation ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Schools ; Students ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-20
    Publishing country Nepal
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2551251-1
    ISSN 1999-6217 ; 1999-6217
    ISSN (online) 1999-6217
    ISSN 1999-6217
    DOI 10.33314/jnhrc.v18i1.2545
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Autonomic Influence on Heart Rate for Deep Breathing and Valsalva Maneuver in Healthy Subjects.

    Jha, Reena Kumari / Acharya, Amrita / Nepal, Ojashwi

    JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association

    2018  Volume 56, Issue 211, Page(s) 670–673

    Abstract: Introduction: The Autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulation and integration of visceral functions. Disturbance of autonomic nervous system play crucial role in pathogenesis and clinical course of many diseases. In the present study deep ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The Autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulation and integration of visceral functions. Disturbance of autonomic nervous system play crucial role in pathogenesis and clinical course of many diseases. In the present study deep breathing test and valsalva maneuver have been described to monitor parasympathetic function genderwise.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 subjects, aged 18-25 years, from May to November 2017, in exercise physiology laboratory, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Chaukot, Kavre. Electrocardiograph recorded by AD instrument was used to calculate the resting heart rate and the heart rate response to deep breathing test and valsalva maneuver.
    Results: Heart rate response to deep breathing test (31.69±14.79 Vs. 36.08±18.65, P=0.195) and valsalva ratio (1.59±0.39 Vs. 1.69±0.54, P=0.314) tend to be higher in female than male subjects but not significant. The resting heart rate of females was significantly higher than that of males (84.37 ± 11.08 Vs. 78.43 ± 12.06, P<0.05). Heart rate was significantly increased during and decreased after valsalva maneuver in both male and female subjects.
    Conclusions: This study concludes that both deep breathing test and valsalva maneuver activates parasympathetic system inhealthy subjects. And also dominant parasympathetic activity was found in female comparison to male subjects.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Autonomic Nervous System/physiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Electrocardiography/methods ; Female ; Healthy Volunteers ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Respiration ; Respiratory Function Tests/methods ; Sex Factors ; Valsalva Maneuver/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-24
    Publishing country Nepal
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2209910-4
    ISSN 1815-672X ; 0028-2715
    ISSN (online) 1815-672X
    ISSN 0028-2715
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Study of Body Mass Index among Medical Students of a Medical College in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

    Jha, Reena Kumari / Yadav, Abhyuday Kumar / Shrestha, Sneha / Shrestha, Pramit Ram / Shrestha, Suyesh / Jha, Mina / Nepal, Ojashwi

    JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association

    2021  Volume 59, Issue 235, Page(s) 280–283

    Abstract: Introduction: Changes in the lifestyle, food habits, lack of nutritious diet, stress, physical inactivity increases the body mass index among adults. Excess weight gain is an important risk factor for non-communicable diseases such as heart disease, ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Changes in the lifestyle, food habits, lack of nutritious diet, stress, physical inactivity increases the body mass index among adults. Excess weight gain is an important risk factor for non-communicable diseases such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and some cancers (endometrial, breast, colon). Thus, this study aims to find out body mass index of medical students of a medical college in Nepal.
    Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of physiology of a tertiary care center from August 2019 to February 2020 after taking ethical clearence from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number 192/19). Height and weight were recorded and body mass index was then being calculated. Data entry was done in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.
    Results: Out of 266 medical students, 39 (15%) were overweight and 32 (12%) were underweight with mean body mass index 26.60±1.99kg/m2 and 17.13±1.19kg/m2 respectively. Mean body mass index of males was 21.76±3.06kg/m2 and that of females was 21.70±2.96 kg/m2.
    Conclusions: Comparing with a similar study done in Nepal previously, we found a higher prevalence of overweight in medical students whereas majority of medical students had normal weight. Factors affecting body mass index in medical students should be explored further.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nepal/epidemiology ; Students, Medical ; Thinness
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-31
    Publishing country Nepal
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2209910-4
    ISSN 1815-672X ; 0028-2715
    ISSN (online) 1815-672X
    ISSN 0028-2715
    DOI 10.31729/jnma.6282
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Prevalence of Color Blindness in Undergraduates of Kathmandu University.

    Jha, Reena Kumari / Khadka, Sukrity / Gautam, Yubina / Bade, Manisha / Jha, Mukesh Kumar / Nepal, Ojashwi

    JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association

    2019  Volume 56, Issue 214, Page(s) 900–903

    Abstract: Introduction: Color blindness is X-linked recessive inherited disorder that occurs mostly in males and is transmitted through females. Many people with color blindness may remain undetected. Thus the present study aims to evaluate the incidence of color ...

    Abstract Introduction: Color blindness is X-linked recessive inherited disorder that occurs mostly in males and is transmitted through females. Many people with color blindness may remain undetected. Thus the present study aims to evaluate the incidence of color blindness among undergraduates of Kathmandu University.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 825 undergraduates, aged 17-25 years, from June to August 2018, in Kathmandu University, Kavre, Nepal. The Ishihara plates were used to evaluate the color vision of students under natural day light condition.
    Results: Study revealed that 24 (2.9%) undergraduates were color blind which include 24 male (5%) and no female. Among the color blind, five (20.3%), three (12.5%), two (8.33%) and 14 (58.33%) males were the victims of deuteranomaly, deuteranopia, protanomalia and total color blindness respectively. Color blindness is prevalent among the Brahmin 10 (3.9%), followed by Chettri 10 (2.72%) and Newar 4 (2.24%).
    Conclusions: Prevalence of color blindness is found to be higher in males than females. Total color blindness is the most prevalent in our study. Screening enables the students to become aware of limitations and devise ways of overcoming them.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Color Vision Defects/epidemiology ; Color Vision Defects/ethnology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nepal/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Students/statistics & numerical data ; Universities ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-02
    Publishing country Nepal
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2209910-4
    ISSN 1815-672X ; 0028-2715
    ISSN (online) 1815-672X
    ISSN 0028-2715
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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