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Article ; Online: Update on Omicron variant and its threat to vulnerable populations.

Dai, Bowen / Ji, Wangquan / Zhu, Peiyu / Han, Shujie / Chen, Yu / Jin, Yuefei

Public health in practice (Oxford, England)

2024 Volume 7, Page(s) 100494

Abstract: Objective: To reduce the incidence of severe illness and fatalities, and promote the awareness of protection and precaution, increased vaccination, strengthen the physical fitness, frequent ventilation, and health education should be enhanced among ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To reduce the incidence of severe illness and fatalities, and promote the awareness of protection and precaution, increased vaccination, strengthen the physical fitness, frequent ventilation, and health education should be enhanced among vulnerable populations as essential measures for the future control of COVID-19. Study design: Systematic review. Method: The search was done using PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science for studies without language restrictions, published up through March 2023, since their authoritative and comprehensive literature search database. Eighty articles were included. Extraction of articles and quality assessment of included reviews was performed independently by two authors using the AMSTAR 2 score. Results: The articles in the final data set included research on epidemiological characteristics, pathogenicity, available vaccines, treatments and epidemiological features in special populations including the elders, pregnant women, kids, people with chronic diseases concerning Omicron. Conclusion: Although less pathogenic potential is found in Omicron, highly mutated forms have enhanced the ability of immune evasion and resistance to existing vaccines compared with former variants. Severe complications and outcomes may occur in vulnerable populations. Infected pregnant women are more likely to give birth prematurely, and fatal implications in children infected with Omicron are hyperimmune response and severe neurological disorders. In immunocompromised patients, there is a greater reported mortality and complication compared to patients with normal immune systems. Therefore, maintain social distancing, wear masks, and receive vaccinations are effective long-term measures.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2666-5352
ISSN (online)	2666-5352
DOI	10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100494
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Emerging concerns of blood-brain barrier dysfunction caused by neurotropic enteroviral infections.

Han, Shujie / Ji, Wangquan / Duan, Guangcai / Chen, Shuaiyin / Yang, Haiyan / Jin, Yuefei

Virology

2024 Volume 591, Page(s) 109989

Abstract: Enteroviruses (EVs), comprise a genus in the Picornaviridae family, which have been shown to be neurotropic and can cause various neurological disorders or long-term neurological condition, placing a huge burden on society and families. The blood-brain ... ...

Abstract	Enteroviruses (EVs), comprise a genus in the Picornaviridae family, which have been shown to be neurotropic and can cause various neurological disorders or long-term neurological condition, placing a huge burden on society and families. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a protective barrier that prevents dangerous substances from entering the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, numerous EVs have been demonstrated to have the ability to disrupt BBB, and further lead to severe neurological damage. However, the precise mechanisms of BBB disruption associated with these EVs remain largely unknown. In this Review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of BBB dysfunction caused by EVs, emphasizing the invasiveness of enterovirus A71 (EVA71), which will provide a research direction for further treatment and prevention of CNS disorders.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Enterovirus Infections ; Enterovirus/physiology ; Central Nervous System ; Biological Transport
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	200425-2
ISSN	1096-0341 ; 0042-6822
ISSN (online)	1096-0341
ISSN	0042-6822
DOI	10.1016/j.virol.2024.109989
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Ud II Zs.172: Show issues

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Article: Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Challenges and Its Antiviral Therapeutics.

Li, Zijie / Ji, Wangquan / Chen, Shuaiyin / Duan, Guangcai / Jin, Yuefei

Vaccines

2023 Volume 11, Issue 3

Abstract: Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by enteroviruses (EVs) and is extremely contagious and prevalent among infants and children under 5 years old [ ... ]. ...

Abstract	Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by enteroviruses (EVs) and is extremely contagious and prevalent among infants and children under 5 years old [...].
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines11030571
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Article ; Online: A Recombinant CVA6 Infection Aggravates Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Myocardial Injury in a Child With Cardiomyopathy.

Chen, Yu / Chen, Shouhang / Duan, Guangcai / Ji, Wangquan / Zhang, Yaodong / Zhang, Xiaolong / Wang, Fang / Jin, Yuefei

The Pediatric infectious disease journal

2024 Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) e191–e193

MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Cardiomyopathies/genetics ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ; Ventricular Function, Left
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392481-6
ISSN	1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
ISSN (online)	1532-0987
ISSN	0891-3668
DOI	10.1097/INF.0000000000004283
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Zs.A 1852: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Emerging concerns of atypical hand foot and mouth disease caused by recombinant Coxsackievirus A6 variants in Henan, China.

Chen, Shouhang / Chen, Yu / Ji, Wangquan / Wang, Fang / Zhang, Xiaolong / Jin, Yuefei / Liu, Yufeng

Journal of medical virology

2023 Volume 95, Issue 12, Page(s) e29316

Abstract: An increasing number of studies have reported that atypical hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is becoming a new concern for children's health. At present, there is no official definition for atypical HFMD, but some studies have defined that it occurs ... ...

Abstract	An increasing number of studies have reported that atypical hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is becoming a new concern for children's health. At present, there is no official definition for atypical HFMD, but some studies have defined that it occurs at anatomic sites not listed in the definition of HFMD issued by the World Health Organization. Several pathogens have been reported to cause atypical HFMD, such as Coxsackievirus (CV)A6. As one of the most prevalent enteroviruses in the world, CVA6 seems to affect a wider range of children and causes more severe and prolonged illness than other enteroviruses. The early lesions of atypical HFMD are very similar to the clinical presentations of other diseases, such as eczema, which poses a challenge for clinicians aiming to identify and diagnose HFMD in a timely manner. Here, we report on six atypical HFMD patients caused by recombinant CVA6 variants, and the atypical manifestations include eczema coxsackium, large herpes, rice-like red papules and herpes, purpuric rash, and onychomadesis, as well as and large red herpes on scalp, perianal, testicles, shoulders and neck, and other atypical eruption sites, hoping to draw the attention of other pediatricians. This study will provide scientific guidance for timely diagnosis of HFMD to prevent serious complications.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/diagnosis ; Phylogeny ; Enterovirus/genetics ; China ; Eczema ; Antibodies, Viral ; Exanthema
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	752392-0
ISSN	1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
ISSN (online)	1096-9071
ISSN	0146-6615
DOI	10.1002/jmv.29316
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Zs.A 1320: Show issues

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Article ; Online: TBK1 and IRF3 are potential therapeutic targets in Enterovirus A71-associated diseases.

Ji, Wangquan / Sun, Tiantian / Li, Dong / Chen, Shuaiyin / Yang, Haiyan / Jin, Yuefei / Duan, Guangcai

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

2023 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) e0011001

Abstract: Background: Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is an important causative agent of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) associated with enormous healthcare and socioeconomic burden. Although a range of studies about EV-A71 pathogenesis have been well described, the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is an important causative agent of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) associated with enormous healthcare and socioeconomic burden. Although a range of studies about EV-A71 pathogenesis have been well described, the underlying molecular mechanism in terms of innate immune response is still not fully understood, especially the roles of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and interferon-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Methodology/principal findings: Here, we applied TBK1 inhibitor and IRF3 agonist, for the first time, to evaluate the antiviral activities of TBK1 and IRF3 in vivo. We found that, through regulating EV-A71-induced type I interferon (IFN) response, IRF3 agonist effectively alleviated EV-A71-induced illness, while TBK1 inhibitor aggravated disease progression. In addition, EV-A71 replication was suppressed in EVA-71-infected mice administrated with IRF3 agonist. On the other hand, more severe pathological alterations of neuronal degeneration, muscle fiber breaks, fractured or fused alveolar walls, and diffuse congestion occurred in EVA-71-infected mice treated with TBK1 inhibitor administration. Furthermore, we determined the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and IL-10 in both lungs and brains of mice and found that TBK1 inhibitor promoted EV-A71-induced inflammatory response, while IRF3 agonist alleviated it, which was consistent with clinical manifestations and pathological alterations. Conclusions: Collectively, our findings suggest that TBK1 and IRF3 are potential therapeutic targets in EV-A71-induced illness.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Enterovirus ; Enterovirus A, Human ; Enterovirus Infections/drug therapy ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/drug therapy ; Antigens, Viral
Chemical Substances	Antigens, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2429704-5
ISSN	1935-2735 ; 1935-2735
ISSN (online)	1935-2735
ISSN	1935-2735
DOI	10.1371/journal.pntd.0011001
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Laboratory Indicators for Identifying Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Xie, Yaqi / Hu, Quanman / Jiang, Wenjie / Ji, Wangquan / Chen, Shuaiyin / Jin, Yuefei / Duan, Guangcai

Vaccines

2022 Volume 10, Issue 11

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study is to study laboratory indicators for the identification of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) severity.: Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science for literature that was published before May ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The purpose of this study is to study laboratory indicators for the identification of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) severity. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science for literature that was published before May 2022. The main results are presented as forest plots. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias were also performed. Results: Our study indicated that white blood cells (WBC) (95%CI: 0.205-0.778), blood glucose (95%CI: 0.505-0.778), lymphocytes (95%CI: 0.072-0.239), creatinine (95%CI: 0.024-0.228), interleukin (IL)-2 (95%CI: 0.192-1.642), IL-6 (95%CI: 0.289-0.776), IL-8 (95%CI: 0.499-0.867), IL-10 (95%CI: 0.226-0.930), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (95%CI: 0.193-2.584), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (95%CI: 1.078-2.715), and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) (95%CI: 0.571-1.459) were associated with an increased risk of HFMD severity, and the results of the sensitivity analysis of these indicators were stable and free of publication bias. Conclusions: Our results suggest that various deleterious immune and metabolic changes can increase the risk of HFMD severity, which can provide a basis for predicting the prognosis and useful evidence for clinicians to manage patients efficiently.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines10111829
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Article ; Online: An Update on Detection Technologies for SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern.

Jiang, Wenjie / Ji, Wangquan / Zhang, Yu / Xie, Yaqi / Chen, Shuaiyin / Jin, Yuefei / Duan, Guangcai

Viruses

2022 Volume 14, Issue 11

Abstract: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the global epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), with a significant impact on the global economy and human safety. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase ... ...

Abstract	Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the global epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), with a significant impact on the global economy and human safety. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for detecting SARS-CoV-2, but because the virus's genome is prone to mutations, the effectiveness of vaccines and the sensitivity of detection methods are declining. Variants of concern (VOCs) include Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron, which are able to evade recognition by host immune mechanisms leading to increased transmissibility, morbidity, and mortality of COVID-19. A range of research has been reported on detection techniques for VOCs, which is beneficial to prevent the rapid spread of the epidemic, improve the effectiveness of public health and social measures, and reduce the harm to human health and safety. However, a meaningful translation of this that reduces the burden of disease, and delivers a clear and cohesive message to guide daily clinical practice, remains preliminary. Herein, we summarize the capabilities of various nucleic acid and protein-based detection methods developed for VOCs in identifying and differentiating current VOCs and compare the advantages and disadvantages of each method, providing a basis for the rapid detection of VOCs strains and their future variants and the adoption of corresponding preventive and control measures.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Epidemics
Chemical Substances	RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v14112324
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Article: Arising Concerns of Atypical Manifestations in Patients with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease.

Chen, Yu / Dai, Bowen / Han, Shujie / Duan, Guangcai / Yang, Haiyan / Chen, Shuaiyin / Ji, Wangquan / Jin, Yuefei

Vaccines

2023 Volume 11, Issue 2

Abstract: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a mild exanthematous, febrile disease, but it also remains a threat to global public health. HFMD is characterized by a brief febrile illness in children and with a typical skin rash of the hand and foot, with or ... ...

Abstract	Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a mild exanthematous, febrile disease, but it also remains a threat to global public health. HFMD is characterized by a brief febrile illness in children and with a typical skin rash of the hand and foot, with or without mouth ulcers. However, the morphology and distribution of vesicles, as well as accompanying symptoms, are varied among atypical HFMD. An upsurge in atypical presentations of HFMD caused by
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines11020405
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Article ; Online: Current status of hand-foot-and-mouth disease.

Zhu, Peiyu / Ji, Wangquan / Li, Dong / Li, Zijie / Chen, Yu / Dai, Bowen / Han, Shujie / Chen, Shuaiyin / Jin, Yuefei / Duan, Guangcai

Journal of biomedical science

2023 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 15

Abstract: Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a viral illness commonly seen in young children under 5 years of age, characterized by typical manifestations such as oral herpes and rashes on the hands and feet. These symptoms typically resolve spontaneously ... ...

Abstract	Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a viral illness commonly seen in young children under 5 years of age, characterized by typical manifestations such as oral herpes and rashes on the hands and feet. These symptoms typically resolve spontaneously within a few days without complications. Over the past two decades, our understanding of HFMD has greatly improved and it has received significant attention. A variety of research studies, including epidemiological, animal, and in vitro studies, suggest that the disease may be associated with potentially fatal neurological complications. These findings reveal clinical, epidemiological, pathological, and etiological characteristics that are quite different from initial understandings of the illness. It is important to note that HFMD has been linked to severe cardiopulmonary complications, as well as severe neurological sequelae that can be observed during follow-up. At present, there is no specific pharmaceutical intervention for HFMD. An inactivated Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) vaccine that has been approved by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) has been shown to provide a high level of protection against EV-A71-related HFMD. However, the simultaneous circulation of multiple pathogens and the evolution of the molecular epidemiology of infectious agents make interventions based solely on a single agent comparatively inadequate. Enteroviruses are highly contagious and have a predilection for the nervous system, particularly in child populations, which contributes to the ongoing outbreak. Given the substantial impact of HFMD around the world, this Review synthesizes the current knowledge of the virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, therapy, sequelae, and vaccine development of HFMD to improve clinical practices and public health efforts.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease/complications ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease/epidemiology ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/epidemiology ; Enterovirus ; Enterovirus Infections ; Disease Outbreaks ; China/epidemiology ; Enterovirus A, Human
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1193378-1
ISSN	1423-0127 ; 1021-7770
ISSN (online)	1423-0127
ISSN	1021-7770
DOI	10.1186/s12929-023-00908-4
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Zs.A 4037: Show issues

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