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Article ; Online: Urinary PKM2, a marker predicating acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis.

Jiajun, Wu / Kaifeng, Guo / Jing, Zhou

2024

Abstract: Purpose: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complication commonly occurred in patients with sepsis, and AKI has become the leading cause associated with mortality. PKM2, as a rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis, was considered to be involved in AKI in vitro ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complication commonly occurred in patients with sepsis, and AKI has become the leading cause associated with mortality. PKM2, as a rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis, was considered to be involved in AKI in vitro and animal models. However, there have been no studies reported on the expression of PKM2 in humans and its association with AKI. Methods: A retrospective study including 57 patients (35 males and 22 females) that were admitted into hospital in 2019 was carried out in our research. The basic characteristics and clinical parameters of each patient were collected from patients' medical records. We assessed changes in the expression of serum and urinary PKM2 using ELISA and its association with clinical manifestations in patients with sepsis through correlation analysis. Besides, ROC analysis was applied for evaluating the role of PKM2 in predicting AKI and death rate. Results: Urinary PKM2 is obviously increased in patients with sepsis-associated AKI (P < 0.05), while no significant change was found in the expression of serum PKM2. Moreover, the expression of urinary PKM2 is positively correlated with serum creatinine (r=0.577, P < 0.01) and blood-urea-nitrogen (r=0.531, P<0.01). In addition, it is negatively correlated with glomerular filtration rate (r=-0.583, P<0.01). Besides, ROC analysis indicated that urinary PKM2 could be a predictor of AKI in patients with sepsis (AUC-ROC, 0.819; SE, 0.086, P = 0.004, 95% CI 0.651-0.986). Conclusions: Urinary PKM2 could be a marker predicting acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-18
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	204048-7
ISSN	1573-2584 ; 0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
ISSN (online)	1573-2584
ISSN	0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
DOI	10.1007/s11255-024-04054-0
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Article ; Online: Rock Image Classification Based on EfficientNet and Triplet Attention Mechanism

Zhihao Huang / Lumei Su / Jiajun Wu / Yuhan Chen

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 3180, p

2023 Volume 3180

Abstract: Rock image classification is a fundamental and crucial task in the creation of geological surveys. Traditional rock image classification methods mainly rely on manual operation, resulting in high costs and unstable accuracy. While existing methods based ... ...

Abstract	Rock image classification is a fundamental and crucial task in the creation of geological surveys. Traditional rock image classification methods mainly rely on manual operation, resulting in high costs and unstable accuracy. While existing methods based on deep learning models have overcome the limitations of traditional methods and achieved intelligent image classification, they still suffer from low accuracy due to suboptimal network structures. In this study, a rock image classification model based on EfficientNet and a triplet attention mechanism is proposed to achieve accurate end-to-end classification. The model was built on EfficientNet, which boasts an efficient network structure thanks to NAS technology and a compound model scaling method, thus achieving high accuracy for rock image classification. Additionally, the triplet attention mechanism was introduced to address the shortcoming of EfficientNet in feature expression and enable the model to fully capture the channel and spatial attention information of rock images, further improving accuracy. During network training, transfer learning was employed by loading pre-trained model parameters into the classification model, which accelerated convergence and reduced training time. The results show that the classification model with transfer learning achieved 92.6% accuracy in the training set and 93.2% Top-1 accuracy in the test set, outperforming other mainstream models and demonstrating strong robustness and generalization ability.
Keywords	rock image ; EfficientNet ; image classification ; transfer learning ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Characteristics of Vibration Velocity Signal Using Liquid Carbon Dioxide Rock-Breaking Technology

Chong Yu / Xiaohu Wang / Jiajun Wu / Yongan Ma

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 4285, p

2023 Volume 4285

Abstract: Liquid carbon dioxide rock-breaking (L-CDRB) is a new physical blasting technology. To study the characteristics of its vibration velocity, rock-breaking field tests were conducted using a new type of liquid CO 2 fracturing tube. Comparisons were made ... ...

Abstract	Liquid carbon dioxide rock-breaking (L-CDRB) is a new physical blasting technology. To study the characteristics of its vibration velocity, rock-breaking field tests were conducted using a new type of liquid CO 2 fracturing tube. Comparisons were made between explosive blasting and L-CDRB in terms of the peak values, frequencies, and energy distributions of the generated vibration velocities. The results show that (1) for the same scaled charge, L-CDRB (vs. explosive blasting) produced a smaller peak, a lower dominant frequency, and simpler frequency components of vibration velocities than explosive blasting. (2) The dominant frequency and energy distribution were related to the total liquid CO 2 filling quantity. Higher total filling quantities resulted in higher dominant frequencies, and the energy distribution shifted from a low to a high-frequency band.
Keywords	CO 2 rock-breaking ; scaled charge ; attenuation law ; frequency domain analysis ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	621
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A lower canal fill rate and unreestablished vertical femoral offset may increase the risk of the postoperative periprosthetic fractures after cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in elderly patients.

Xiaoxiao Zhou / Houlin Ji / Jiajun Wu / Haixiao Chen / Yang Yang

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 5, p e

2023 Volume 0285789

Abstract: Background Periprosthetic fractures (PPFs) is one of the major causes of failure of hip arthroplasty with cementless stem; however, studies on the incidence and risk factors of PPFs after cementless hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures (FNFs) are ... ...

Abstract	Background Periprosthetic fractures (PPFs) is one of the major causes of failure of hip arthroplasty with cementless stem; however, studies on the incidence and risk factors of PPFs after cementless hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures (FNFs) are lacking. Methods This retrospective study included patients who underwent cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty for displaced intracapsular FNFs. The demographic data were reviewed, Dorr classification was used to describe morphology of the femur, radiological parameters were measured including stem-shaft angle, canal fill ratio (CFR), canal flare index (CFI), morphologic cortical index (MCI), canal calcar ratio (CCR), and vertical and horizontal femoral offset. Results The sample comprised 10 men and 46 women (affected hip: left, 38; right, 18). The mean patient age was 82.82±10.61 (range, 69-93) years, and the mean hemiarthroplasty to PPFs time was 26.28±14.04 (range, 6.54-47.77) months. Seven (12.28%) patients had PPFs. A significant relationship was found between the incidence of PPF and CFR (p = 0.012), patients had a significantly smaller femoral stem CFR (0.76%±0.11%) than controls (0.85%±0.09%). The PPFs group had a significant shorter and unreestablished vertical femoral offset (p = 0.048). Conclusions A smaller femoral stem CFR associated with a potentially unacceptably high PPFs risk in uncemented hemiarthroplasty for displaced FNFs may result from mismatched prosthesis and bone dimensions in the elderly population, especially when accompanied by a poorly reestablished vertical femoral offset. With increasing evidence of the benefits of cemented fixation, a cemented stem for the treatment of displaced intracapsular FNFs is recommended for such a elderly frail population.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of Intra-Tumoral Vascularization in Hepatocellular Carcinomas

Qi Zhang / Jiajun Wu / Xueli Bai / Tingbo Liang

Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

2020 Volume 7

Abstract: Intratumoral neovascularization has intricate effects on tumor growth, metastasis, and treatment. Over the last 30 years, Microvessel density (MVD) has been the standard method for laboratory and clinical evaluation of angiogenesis. Hepatocellular ... ...

Abstract	Intratumoral neovascularization has intricate effects on tumor growth, metastasis, and treatment. Over the last 30 years, Microvessel density (MVD) has been the standard method for laboratory and clinical evaluation of angiogenesis. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a typical hypervascularized tumor, and the predictive value of MVD for prognosis is still controversial. According to previous viewpoints, this has been attributed to the determination of hotspot, counting methods, vascular endothelial markers, and different definitions of high and low vascular density; however, the heterogeneity of tumor angiogenesis patterns should be factored. The breakthroughs in artificial intelligence and algorithm can improve the objectivity and repeatability of MVD measurement, thus saving a lot of manpower. Presently, anti-angiogenesis therapy is the only effective systematic treatment for liver cancer, and the use of imaging technology-assisted MVD measurement is expected to be a reliable index for evaluating the curative effect. MVD in multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma represents a subject area with huge understudied potential, and exploring it might advance our understanding of tumor heterogeneity.
Keywords	tumor vascularization ; liver cancer ; microvascular density ; vascular pattern ; cell marker ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Identification of hexosamine biosynthesis pathway as a novel prognostic signature and its correlation with immune infiltration in bladder cancer

Yangyan Cui / Hanyi Feng / Jiakuan Liu / Jiajun Wu / Rujian Zhu / Ruimin Huang / Jun Yan

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Vol

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: Background: Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is one of the common urological malignancies, lacking reliable biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes in UBC patients. Thus, it is needed to identify the novel diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers to stratify the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is one of the common urological malignancies, lacking reliable biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes in UBC patients. Thus, it is needed to identify the novel diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers to stratify the high-risk UBC patients. As a shunt pathway of glycolysis, the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) has been implicated in carcinogenesis. However, its prognostic value in UBC remains unclear.Methods: The RNA sequencing and mRNA microarray datasets were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The expression levels of five HBP genes were analyzed in normal and UBC samples, and their associations with stage, grade and survival were plotted. The performance of HBP risk group was evaluated by receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve. The HBP signature was generated by Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and its association with clinicopathological parameters and survival were analyzed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were carried out to examine the potential biological functions of HBP using DAVID online tool. The infiltration estimation fraction of immune cells was performed using CIBERSORT-ABS algorithm. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the potential function of HBP in tumor immunoregulation.Results: Four HBP genes were upregulated in UBCs compared to normal tissues in TCGA-BLCA dataset. The upregulation of all five HBP genes was significantly associated with tumor grade and stage of UBC in three independent UBC datasets. The expression of HBP genes predicted poor clinical outcomes in UBC patients in both TCGA-BLCA and GSE13507 datasets. The high-risk group based on HBP genes showed a poor prognosis. Furthermore, HBP signature was positively associated with tumor grade and stage in TCGA-BLCA dataset and with tumor grade, stage, distal metastasis and poor survival in GSE13507 dataset. Interestingly, high-HBP signature group exhibited a high ...
Keywords	hexosamine biosynthesis pathway ; bladder cancer ; prognosis ; immune infiltration ; risk score ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	616 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Post‐translational modifications of histones

Ruiqi Liu / Jiajun Wu / Haiwei Guo / Weiping Yao / Shuang Li / Yanwei Lu / Yongshi Jia / Xiaodong Liang / Jianming Tang / Haibo Zhang

MedComm, Vol 4, Iss 3, Pp n/a-n/a (2023)

Mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic targets

2023

Abstract: Abstract Histones are DNA‐binding basic proteins found in chromosomes. After the histone translation, its amino tail undergoes various modifications, such as methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, malonylation, propionylation, ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Histones are DNA‐binding basic proteins found in chromosomes. After the histone translation, its amino tail undergoes various modifications, such as methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, malonylation, propionylation, butyrylation, crotonylation, and lactylation, which together constitute the “histone code.” The relationship between their combination and biological function can be used as an important epigenetic marker. Methylation and demethylation of the same histone residue, acetylation and deacetylation, phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, and even methylation and acetylation between different histone residues cooperate or antagonize with each other, forming a complex network. Histone‐modifying enzymes, which cause numerous histone codes, have become a hot topic in the research on cancer therapeutic targets. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the role of histone post‐translational modifications (PTMs) in cell life activities is very important for preventing and treating human diseases. In this review, several most thoroughly studied and newly discovered histone PTMs are introduced. Furthermore, we focus on the histone‐modifying enzymes with carcinogenic potential, their abnormal modification sites in various tumors, and multiple essential molecular regulation mechanism. Finally, we summarize the missing areas of the current research and point out the direction of future research. We hope to provide a comprehensive understanding and promote further research in this field.
Keywords	acetylation ; cancer ; methylation ; phosphorylation ; post‐translational modifications ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
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Book ; Online: Size Generalization for Resource Allocation with Graph Neural Networks

Jiajun, Wu / Chengjian, Sun / Chenyang, Yang

2022

Abstract: Size generalization is important for learning wireless policies, which are often with dynamic sizes, say caused by time-varying number of users. Recent works of learning to optimize resource allocation empirically demonstrate that graph neural networks ( ... ...

Abstract	Size generalization is important for learning wireless policies, which are often with dynamic sizes, say caused by time-varying number of users. Recent works of learning to optimize resource allocation empirically demonstrate that graph neural networks (GNNs) can generalize to different problem scales. However, GNNs are not guaranteed to generalize across input sizes. In this paper, we strive to analyze the size generalization mechanism of GNNs when learning permutation equivariant (PE) policies. We find that the aggregation function and activation functions of a GNN play a key role on its size generalization ability. We take the GNN with mean aggregator, called mean-GNN, as an example to demonstrate a size generalization condition, and interpret why several GNNs in the literature of wireless communications can generalize well to problem scales. To illustrate how to design GNNs with size generalizability according to our finding, we consider power and bandwidth allocation, and suggest to select or pre-train activation function in the output layer of mean-GNN for learning the PE policies. Simulation results show that the proposed GNN can generalize well to the number of users, which validate our analysis for the size generalization condition of GNNs when learning the PE policies. Comment: 30 pages, 7 figures
Keywords	Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2022-04-29
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Impacts of Cellulase and Amylase on Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Methane Production in the Anaerobic Digestion of Corn Straw

Xuemei Wang / Shikun Cheng / Zifu Li / Yu Men / Jiajun Wu

Sustainability, Vol 12, Iss 5453, p

2020 Volume 5453

Abstract: The impacts of enzyme pre-treatments on anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass were explored by using corn straw as a substrate for enzyme pre-treatment and anaerobic digestion and by utilizing starch and microcrystalline cellulose as substrates ... ...

Abstract	The impacts of enzyme pre-treatments on anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass were explored by using corn straw as a substrate for enzyme pre-treatment and anaerobic digestion and by utilizing starch and microcrystalline cellulose as substrates for comparative analysis. The cellulase pre-treatment effectively improved the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, decreased the crystallinity, and consequently showed 33.2% increase in methane yield. The methane yield of starch increased by 16.0% through amylase pre-treatment. However, when the substrate was corn straw, both the efficiencies of enzymes and methane production were markedly reduced by the lignocellulosic structure. The corn straw’s methane yields were 277.6 and 242.4 mL·CH 4 /g·VS with cellulase and amylase pre-treatment, respectively, which was 11.7% and 27.9% higher than that of the untreated corn straw. It may imply that the lignocellulose should be broken up firstly, enzyme pre-treatments could have great potentials when combined with other methods.
Keywords	anaerobic digestion ; cellulase ; amylase ; methane yield ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; biogas ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Occurrence, Distribution, and Toxicity of High-Risk Ciguatera Fish Species (Grouper and Snapper) in Kiritimati Island and Marakei Island of the Republic of Kiribati

Jingyi Zhu / Wai-Hin Lee / Jiajun Wu / Shiwen Zhou / Ki-Chun Yip / Xiaowan Liu / Taratau Kirata / Leo-Lai Chan

Toxins, Vol 14, Iss 208, p

2022 Volume 208

Abstract: Ciguatera is one of the most widespread food poisonings caused by the ingestion of fish contaminated by ciguatoxins (CTXs). Snapper and grouper with high palatable and economic value are the primary food source and fish species for exportation in the ... ...

Abstract	Ciguatera is one of the most widespread food poisonings caused by the ingestion of fish contaminated by ciguatoxins (CTXs). Snapper and grouper with high palatable and economic value are the primary food source and fish species for exportation in the Republic of Kiribati, but they are highly suspected CTX-contaminated species due to their top predatory characteristics. In this study, 60 fish specimens from 17 species of snappers and groupers collected from the Kiritimati Island and Marakei Island of the Republic of Kiribati were analyzed using mouse neuroblastoma (N2a) assay and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine Pacific CTX-1, -2 and -3 (P-CTX-1, -2 and -3). The LC-MS/MS results show that CTXs were detected in 74.5% of specimens from Marakei Island and 61.5% of specimens from Kiritimati Island. The most toxic fish Epinephelus coeruleopunctatus from Marakei Island and Cephalopholis miniata from Kiritimati Island were detected as 53-fold and 28-fold P-CTX-1 equivalents higher than the safety level of 10 pg/g P-CTX-1 equivalents, respectively. CTX levels and composition profiles varied with species and location. The N2a results suggested that fish specimens also contain high levels of other CTX-like toxins or sodium channel activators. The distribution patterns for ciguatoxic fish of the two islands were similar, with fish sampled from the northwest being more toxic than the southwest. This study shows that groupers and snappers are high-risk species for ciguatera in the Republic of Kiribati, and these species can further be used as indicator species in ciguatera endemic areas for risk assessment.
Keywords	ciguatoxin ; the Republic of Kiribati ; grouper ; snapper ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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