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Article ; Online: Differential Protein Expression between the Motor and Sensory Fascicles in Rat Femoral Nerve Injury.

Xianyu, Meng / Zhenggang, Bi / Jian, Shang / Laijin, Lu

2024 Volume 72, Issue 1, Page(s) 90–95

Abstract: Background and aims: It is important to distinguish between motor and sensory fascicles of the peripheral nerves for nerve alignment in surgery. However, there are no biomarkers currently available for effective identification of motor or sensory ... ...

Abstract	Background and aims: It is important to distinguish between motor and sensory fascicles of the peripheral nerves for nerve alignment in surgery. However, there are no biomarkers currently available for effective identification of motor or sensory fascicles. The objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed proteins between motor and sensory fascicles of rats in response to injury. Settings and design: The study was carried out using a rat femoral nerve injury model. Materials: A proteomic analysis was performed to detect differential protein expression using samples of bilateral motor and sensory branches of intact and injured rat femoral nerves through fluorescent two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis: Chi-square tests and t-tests were performed for comparison between motor or sensory nerve groups. Results: The data identified six proteins that were differentially expressed between motor and sensory fascicles (>1.5-fold, P < 0.05), including apolipoprotein E, neurofilament light polypepticle, TEC kinase, serine protease inhibitor A3N, peroxiredoxin-2, and TPM1. The proteomic results were consistent with the mRNA expression levels of these genes as determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Conclusions: Our study suggests that these proteins may play roles in nerve regeneration and repair. Importantly, apolipoprotein E and Serpina3n may serve as specific biomarkers for distinguishing motor and sensory fascicles of the peripheral nerves for nerve alignment in surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Rats ; Femoral Nerve ; Proteomics ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; Nerve Regeneration
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	415522-1
ISSN	1998-4022 ; 0028-3886
ISSN (online)	1998-4022
ISSN	0028-3886
DOI	10.4103/neuroindia.NI_315_19
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Article ; Online: Intra-articular injection of clioquinol ameliorates osteoarthritis in a rabbit model

Xiaoqing Wu / Peng Xu / Xuanren Shi / Jian Shang / Xiaoyong Chen / Anyun Guo / Fuming Wang / Zhanhai Yin

Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage. Decreased autophagy is tightly associated with chondrocyte death, which contributes to the progression of OA. Thus, pharmacological activation of autophagy may be a ... ...

Abstract	Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage. Decreased autophagy is tightly associated with chondrocyte death, which contributes to the progression of OA. Thus, pharmacological activation of autophagy may be a promising therapeutic approach for OA. Here, we discovered that clioquinol, an antibiotic, significantly induces autophagy in OA chondrocytes from human tissue and rabbit model. Meanwhile, clioquinol can also augment the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and suppress inflammatory mediators to improve OA microenvironment. Intra-articular injection of clioquinol can greatly prevent or slow down the development of this disease in a trauma-induced rabbit model of osteoarthritis. Such protective effect induced by clioquinol was at least in part explained by decreasing chondrocyte apoptosis and increasing autophagy. This study reveals the therapeutic potential of clioquinol in OA treatment.
Keywords	osteoarthritis ; clioquinol ; intra-articular injection ; autophagy ; therapeutic potential ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Characteristics of Superficial Basal Cell Carcinomas Containing More Aggressive Subtypes on Final Histopathologic Diagnosis.

Sohn, Grace K / Keniston, Karen / Kannan, Swati / Hinds, Brian / Jian, Shang I Brian

Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD

2021 Volume 20, Issue 8, Page(s) 874–879

Abstract: Background: The prognosis and treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are largely dependent on tumor subtype, which is typically determined by punch or shave biopsy. Data regarding concordance between BCC subtype on initial biopsy and final ... ...

Abstract	Background: The prognosis and treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are largely dependent on tumor subtype, which is typically determined by punch or shave biopsy. Data regarding concordance between BCC subtype on initial biopsy and final histopathology for Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) or excision with frozen sections (EFS) are limited. Objectives: To determine the concordance between initial biopsy and final MMS or EFS subtyping of BCC. We aim to investigate the incidence and clinical characteristics of lesions initially diagnosed as superficial BCC (sBCC) that are later found to have a nodular, micronodular, or infiltrative component. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all MMS or EFS cases performed at a single academic center from August 1, 2015, to August 31, 2017. Inclusion criteria were a biopsy-proven diagnosis of sBCC and presence of residual tumor following stage I of MMS or EFS. Fisher’s exact test was used to evaluate significance of clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with the presence of a nodular, micronodular, or infiltrative BCC component. Results: A total of 164 MMS or EFS cases had an initial biopsy showing sBCC. Of these, 117 had residual BCC on stage I, and 43 (37%) were found to have a nodular, micronodular, or infiltrative component. Significant predictors of reclassified BCC subtype included age over 60 years (P= 0.006) and location on the head or neck (P=0.043). Reclassified lesions required significantly more stages of MMS to clear (P=0.036). Shave biopsy was used to diagnose 114 (97%) of the included cases. Conclusions: Over one third of shave biopsies that initially diagnosed sBCC failed to detect a nodular, micronodular, or infiltrative component. Management of biopsy-proven sBCC should take into account the possible presence of an undiagnosed deeper tumor component with appropriate margin-assessment treatment modalities when clinically indicated. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021;20(8):874-879. doi:10.36849/JDD.5838.
MeSH term(s)	Carcinoma, Basal Cell/diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell/surgery ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mohs Surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Skin Neoplasms/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2145090-0
ISSN	1545-9616
ISSN	1545-9616
DOI	10.36849/JDD.5838
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Article ; Online: Lys417 acts as a molecular switch that regulates the conformation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

Qibin Geng / Yushun Wan / Fu-Chun Hsueh / Jian Shang / Gang Ye / Fan Bu / Morgan Herbst / Rowan Wilkens / Bin Liu / Fang Li

eLife, Vol

2023 Volume 12

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein plays a key role in mediating viral entry and inducing host immune responses. It can adopt either an open or closed conformation based on the position of its receptor-binding domain (RBD). It is yet unclear what causes these ... ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 spike protein plays a key role in mediating viral entry and inducing host immune responses. It can adopt either an open or closed conformation based on the position of its receptor-binding domain (RBD). It is yet unclear what causes these conformational changes or how they influence the spike’s functions. Here, we show that Lys417 in the RBD plays dual roles in the spike’s structure: it stabilizes the closed conformation of the trimeric spike by mediating inter-spike–subunit interactions; it also directly interacts with ACE2 receptor. Hence, a K417V mutation has opposing effects on the spike’s function: it opens up the spike for better ACE2 binding while weakening the RBD’s direct binding to ACE2. The net outcomes of this mutation are to allow the spike to bind ACE2 with higher probability and mediate viral entry more efficiently, but become more exposed to neutralizing antibodies. Given that residue 417 has been a viral mutational hotspot, SARS-CoV-2 may have been evolving to strike a balance between infection potency and immune evasion, contributing to its pandemic spread.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; spike protein ; viral entry ; immune evasiveness ; receptor-binding domain ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	612
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Subunit Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses

Du, Ning Wang / Jian, Shang / Shibo, Jiang / Lanying

Frontiers in Microbiology

Abstract: Seven coronaviruses (CoVs) have been isolated from humans so far. Among them, three emerging pathogenic CoVs, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and a newly ... ...

Abstract	Seven coronaviruses (CoVs) have been isolated from humans so far. Among them, three emerging pathogenic CoVs, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and a newly identified CoV (2019-nCoV), once caused or continue to cause severe infections in humans, posing significant threats to global public health. SARS-CoV infection in humans (with about 10% case fatality rate) was first reported from China in 2002, while MERS-CoV infection in humans (with about 34.4% case fatality rate) was first reported from Saudi Arabia in June 2012. 2019-nCoV was first reported from China in December 2019, and is currently infecting more than 70000 people (with about 2.7% case fatality rate). Both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are zoonotic viruses, using bats as their natural reservoirs, and then transmitting through intermediate hosts, leading to human infections. Nevertheless, the intermediate host for 2019-nCoV is still under investigation and the vaccines against this new CoV have not been available. Although a variety of vaccines have been developed against infections of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, none of them has been approved for use in humans. In this review, we have described the structure and function of key proteins of emerging human CoVs, overviewed the current vaccine types to be developed against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and summarized recent advances in subunit vaccines against these two pathogenic human CoVs. These subunit vaccines are introduced on the basis of full-length spike (S) protein, receptor-binding domain (RBD), non-RBD S protein fragments, and non-S structural proteins, and the potential factors affecting these subunit vaccines are also illustrated. Overall, this review will be helpful for rapid design and development of vaccines against the new 2019-nCoV and any future CoVs with pandemic potential. This review was written for the topic of Antivirals for Emerging Viruses: Vaccines and Therapeutics in the Virology section of Frontiers in Microbiology.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	CZI
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	WHO #Covidence: #2793
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2020.00298
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Immunosuppressive therapies adversely affect blood biochemical parameters in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Xiaobing Wang / Ge Wang / Jian Shang / Huaqin Pan / Xin A Zhang / Feng Zhou

Journal of International Medical Research, Vol

a meta-analysis

2019 Volume 47

Abstract: Objective This study was performed to investigate whether a definite correlation exists between alteration of blood biochemical parameters and immunosuppressive therapies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods A comprehensive search ... ...

Abstract	Objective This study was performed to investigate whether a definite correlation exists between alteration of blood biochemical parameters and immunosuppressive therapies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library was conducted. Data on alterations in white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, serum creatinine, and liver enzymes in patients with IBD treated with immunomodulators were extracted. Results Data from 1141 patients were included. The relative risk (RR) of leukopenia was significantly higher in the immunosuppressive therapies group than in the placebo group (RR, 12.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.28–31.57). A statistically significant risk of leukocytosis during immunosuppressive therapies was observed (RR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.05–2.23). Patients taking immunomodulators had increased risks of serum creatinine elevation (RR, 10.68; 95% CI, 2.07–55.12) and serum aminotransferase elevation (RR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.24–8.17). Conclusion Immunosuppressive therapies might have an impact on variations in blood biochemical parameters in patients with IBD. Although the conclusion regarding leukopenia was reliable in this study, some confounding factors might reduce the reliability of the conclusions about leukocytosis, creatinine elevation, and aminotransferase elevation. Close monitoring is recommended during immunosuppressive therapies for IBD.
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: FY-3G Satellite Instruments and Precipitation Products

Peng Zhang / Songyan Gu / Lin Chen / Jian Shang / Manyun Lin / Aijun Zhu / Honggang Yin / Qiong Wu / Yixuan Shou / Fenglin Sun / Hanlie Xu / Guanglin Yang / Haofei Wang / Lu Li / HongWei Zhang / Sijie Chen / Naimeng Lu

Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol

First Report of China’s Fengyun Rainfall Mission In-Orbit

2023 Volume 3

Abstract: Precipitation is one of the most important parameters in Earth system but is hard to measure. China began to develop satellites dedicated to precipitation measurements in the second generation of the FengYun polar-orbiting meteorological satellite ... ...

Abstract	Precipitation is one of the most important parameters in Earth system but is hard to measure. China began to develop satellites dedicated to precipitation measurements in the second generation of the FengYun polar-orbiting meteorological satellite program (FY-3). The first of total 2 rainfall missions scheduled, FY-3G, was successfully launched on 16 April 2023 and became the world’s third satellite to measure precipitation with space-borne radar after the tropical rainfall measuring mission in 1997 and global precipitation measurement core observatory in 2014. In this manuscript, we illustrate the platform of FY-3G and instruments mounted in great detail, with additional information about ground segments, designed sensor-based products, and retrieval of geophysical parameters. During the 4 months after launch, the specifications of the platform and instruments are under inspection as calibration and validation are carefully conducted. The first images captured by FY-3G are encouraging, and initial results show a strong capability for providing insights into all kinds of precipitation phenomena. The important work of data processing, such as data assimilation, data fusion between space-based and ground-based radar, and that between polar and geostationary satellites, as well as future applications in weather modification, has been prepared in advance. As a pioneer of China’s rainfall missions, FY-3G greatly improves our ability to provide global precipitation measurements, understand Earth’s water and energy cycle, and forecast extreme events for the benefit of society.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Physical geography ; GB3-5030
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Structure of mouse coronavirus spike protein complexed with receptor reveals mechanism for viral entry.

Jian Shang / Yushun Wan / Chang Liu / Boyd Yount / Kendra Gully / Yang Yang / Ashley Auerbach / Guiqing Peng / Ralph Baric / Fang Li

PLoS Pathogens, Vol 16, Iss 3, p e

2020 Volume 1008392

Abstract: Coronaviruses recognize a variety of receptors using different domains of their envelope-anchored spike protein. How these diverse receptor recognition patterns affect viral entry is unknown. Mouse hepatitis coronavirus (MHV) is the only known ... ...

Abstract	Coronaviruses recognize a variety of receptors using different domains of their envelope-anchored spike protein. How these diverse receptor recognition patterns affect viral entry is unknown. Mouse hepatitis coronavirus (MHV) is the only known coronavirus that uses the N-terminal domain (NTD) of its spike to recognize a protein receptor, CEACAM1a. Here we determined the cryo-EM structure of MHV spike complexed with mouse CEACAM1a. The trimeric spike contains three receptor-binding S1 heads sitting on top of a trimeric membrane-fusion S2 stalk. Three receptor molecules bind to the sides of the spike trimer, where three NTDs are located. Receptor binding induces structural changes in the spike, weakening the interactions between S1 and S2. Using protease sensitivity and negative-stain EM analyses, we further showed that after protease treatment of the spike, receptor binding facilitated the dissociation of S1 from S2, allowing S2 to transition from pre-fusion to post-fusion conformation. Together these results reveal a new role of receptor binding in MHV entry: in addition to its well-characterized role in viral attachment to host cells, receptor binding also induces the conformational change of the spike and hence the fusion of viral and host membranes. Our study provides new mechanistic insight into coronavirus entry and highlights the diverse entry mechanisms used by different viruses.
Keywords	Immunologic diseases. Allergy ; RC581-607 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	612
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Regioselective SN2' Mitsunobu reaction of Morita–Baylis–Hillman alcohols

Silong Xu / Jian Shang / Junjie Zhang / Yuhai Tang

Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 990-

A facile and stereoselective synthesis of α-alkylidene-β-hydrazino acid derivatives

2014 Volume 995

Abstract: A highly regioselective SN2' Mitsunobu reaction between Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) alcohols, azodicarboxylates, and triphenylphosphine is developed, which provides an easy access to α-alkylidene-β-hydrazino acid derivatives in high yields and good ... ...

Abstract	A highly regioselective SN2' Mitsunobu reaction between Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) alcohols, azodicarboxylates, and triphenylphosphine is developed, which provides an easy access to α-alkylidene-β-hydrazino acid derivatives in high yields and good stereoselectivity. This reaction represents the first direct transformation of MBH alcohols into hydrazines.
Keywords	azodicarboxylate ; hydrazine ; Mitsunobu reaction ; Morita–Baylis–Hillman ; SN2' reaction ; Science ; Q ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Beilstein-Institut
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Clinical value of laboratory indicators for predicting disease progression and death in patients with COVID-19

Ying Wang / Qian Wang / Jie Cheng / Jun Lin / Jian-Ping Wang / Jian Shang / Jing Wan / You-qin Yan / Wen-bin Liu / Hai-Ping Zhang / Xiao-yue Wang / Zi-ang Li

BMJ Open, Vol 11, Iss

a retrospective cohort study

2021 Volume 10

Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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