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Article: Ultra-Bend-Resistant 4-Core Simplex Cable Used for Short-Reach Dense Spatial Division Multiplexing Optical Transmission.

Zhang, Zelin / Qin, Yu / Zhu, Jie / Wang, Caoyuan / Jiang, Xinli / Shen, Yichun / Xiao, Limin

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1

Abstract: We optimized and fabricated an ultra-bend-resistant 4-core simplex cable (SXC) employing 4-core multicore fiber (MCF) suitable for short-reach dense spatial division multiplexing (DSDM) optical transmission in the O-band. The characteristics of ... ...

Abstract	We optimized and fabricated an ultra-bend-resistant 4-core simplex cable (SXC) employing 4-core multicore fiber (MCF) suitable for short-reach dense spatial division multiplexing (DSDM) optical transmission in the O-band. The characteristics of transmission loss, macro-bending and cross-talk (XT) between adjacent cores after cabling were firstly clarified. By introducing the trapezoid index and optimizing the cabling process, the maximum values of added XT of 1.17 dB/km due to 10 loops with a bending radius of 6 mm imposed over the 4-core SXC and a macro-bending loss of 0.37 dB/10 turns were, respectively, achieved.P Then, the optical transmission with low bit error rate (BER) was presented using a 100GBASE-LR4 transceiver over the 1.2 km long 4-core SXC. The excellent bending resistance of the 4-core SXC may pave the way for a reduction in space pressure and increase in access density on short-reach optical interconnect (OI) based on DSDM.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2620864-7
ISSN	2072-666X
ISSN	2072-666X
DOI	10.3390/mi15010108
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Article ; Online: Surface grain boundary engineering in 304 stainless steel by means of mechanical grinding treatment-induced gradient plastic strain and annealing

Jiang, Xinli / Yang, Chongwen / Zhang, Wenqian / Wang, Xuelin

J Mater Sci. 2022 Dec., v. 57, no. 47, p. 21798-21812

2022 , Page(s) 21798–21812

Abstract: Grain boundary engineering (GBE) has shown a promising application in improving resistance to intergranular corrosion (IGC) of polycrystalline metallic materials with low-stacking fault energy, such as austenitic stainless steels. However, the ... ...

Abstract	Grain boundary engineering (GBE) has shown a promising application in improving resistance to intergranular corrosion (IGC) of polycrystalline metallic materials with low-stacking fault energy, such as austenitic stainless steels. However, the traditionally uniform plastic pre-straining methods, such as cold rolling, in thermomechanical processing are hard to implement on complicated surfaces. Here, we demonstrate a novel approach using gradient plastic strain induced by surface mechanical grinding treatment with a rotary tool and subsequent annealing to optimize grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) in the near-surface layer. The gradient plastic strain followed by long-time annealing (24–96 h) in 304 stainless steels achieved an optimized GBCD with over 75% frequency of coincidence site lattice (CSL) boundaries and disconnected random boundary network in the near-surface layer. The intergranular corrosion tests showed that the resulting 304 stainless steels with the optimized GBCD in the near-surface layer present an excellent resistance to IGC behavior due to a high fraction of [Formula: see text] boundaries. During the annealing process, severe plastic strain near the surface results in small size grain clusters via strain recrystallization, while low-level plastic strain in the subsurface promotes the formation of high fraction of CSL boundaries and large size grain clusters via strain-induced boundary migration. After the complete depletion of gradient plastic strain, the directional growth of grain clusters promotes the further extension of surface GBE into interior region. Thus, the thickness of surface GBE region can be regulated by the annealing time.
Keywords	cold ; corrosion ; crystallization ; energy ; stainless steel
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-12
Size	p. 21798-21812
Publishing place	Springer US
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2015305-3
ISSN	1573-4803 ; 0022-2461
ISSN (online)	1573-4803
ISSN	0022-2461
DOI	10.1007/s10853-022-07983-2
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Article ; Online: Latent and incubation periods of Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 variant cases and associated factors: a cross-sectional study in China.

Li, Yu / Jiang, Xinli / Qiu, Yan / Gao, Feng / Xin, Hualei / Li, Dan / Qin, Ying / Li, Zhongjie

BMC infectious diseases

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 294

Abstract: Background: The latent and incubation periods characterize the transmission of infectious viruses and are the basis for the development of outbreak prevention and control strategies. However, systematic studies on the latent period and associated ... ...

Abstract	Background: The latent and incubation periods characterize the transmission of infectious viruses and are the basis for the development of outbreak prevention and control strategies. However, systematic studies on the latent period and associated factors with the incubation period for SAS-CoV-2 variants are still lacking. We inferred the two durations of Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 cases and analyzed the associated factors. Methods: The Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 (and its lineages BA.2.2 and BA.2.76) cases with clear transmission chains and infectors from 10 local SAS-CoV-2 epidemics in China were enrolled. The latent and incubation periods were fitted by the Gamma distribution, and associated factors were analyzed using the accelerated failure time model. Results: The mean latent period for 672 Delta, 208 BA.1, and 677 BA.2 cases was 4.40 (95%CI: 4.24 ~ 4.63), 2.50 (95%CI: 2.27 ~ 2.76), and 2.58 (95%CI: 2.48 ~ 2.69) days, respectively, with 85.65% (95%CI: 83.40 ~ 87.77%), 97.80% (95%CI: 96.35 ~ 98.89%), and 98.87% (95%CI: 98.40 ~ 99.27%) of them starting to shed viruses within 7 days after exposure. In 405 Delta, 75 BA.1, and 345 BA.2 symptomatic cases, the mean latent period was 0.76, 1.07, and 0.79 days shorter than the mean incubation period [5.04 (95%CI: 4.83 ~ 5.33), 3.42 (95%CI: 3.00 ~ 3.89), and 3.39 (95%CI: 3.24 ~ 3.55) days], respectively. No significant difference was observed in the two durations between BA.1 and BA.2 cases. After controlling for the sex, clinical severity, vaccination history, number of infectors, the length of exposure window and shedding window, the latent period [Delta: exp(β) = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.66 ~ 0.98, p = 0.034; Omicron: exp(β) = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.71 ~ 0.94, p = 0.004] and incubation period [Delta: exp(β) = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.55 ~ 0.86, p < 0.001; Omicron: exp(β) = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.72 ~ 0.96, p = 0.013] were significantly shorter in 18 ~ 49 years but did not change significantly in ≥ 50 years compared with 0 ~ 17 years. Conclusion: Pre-symptomatic transmission can occur in Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 cases. The latent and incubation periods between BA.1 and BA.2 were similar but shorter compared with Delta. Age may be associated with the latent and incubation periods of SARS-CoV-2.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Infectious Disease Incubation Period ; China/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Epidemics
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041550-3
ISSN	1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
ISSN (online)	1471-2334
ISSN	1471-2334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-024-09158-7
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Article ; Online: Brain-Derived Exosomal CircRNAs in Plasma Serve as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Jiang, Xinli / Zhang, Rui / Lu, Geng / Zhou, Yu / Li, Jianfeng / Jiang, Xinrui / Gu, Shuangshuang / Liang, Hongwei / Wang, Jun

Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology

2024 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 15

Abstract: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS), commonly known as stroke, is a debilitating condition characterized by the interruption of blood flow to the brain, resulting in tissue damage and neurological deficits. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective intervention ... ...

Abstract	Acute ischemic stroke (AIS), commonly known as stroke, is a debilitating condition characterized by the interruption of blood flow to the brain, resulting in tissue damage and neurological deficits. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective intervention and management, as timely treatment can significantly improve patient outcomes. Therefore, novel methods for the early diagnosis of AIS are urgently needed. Several studies have shown that bioactive molecules contained in extracellular vesicles, especially circRNAs, could be ideal markers for the diagnosis of many diseases. However, studies on the effects of exosomes and their circRNAs on the development and prognosis of AIS have not been reported extensively. Therefore, we explored the feasibility of using circRNAs in plasma brain-derived exosomes as biomarkers for AIS. By high-throughput sequencing, we first identified 358 dysregulated circRNAs (including 23 significantly upregulated circRNAs and 335 significantly downregulated circRNAs) in the plasma brain-derived exosomes of the brain infarct patient group compared to those of the noninfarct control group. Five upregulated circRNAs (hsa_circ_0007290, hsa_circ_0049637, hsa_circ_0000607, hsa_circ_0004808, and hsa_circ_0000097) were selected for further validation via Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT‒PCR) in a larger cohort based on the exclusion criteria of log2FC > 1, p < 0.05 and measurable expression. We found that the expression levels of hsa_circ_0007290, hsa_circ_0049637, hsa_circ_0000607, hsa_circ_0004808 and hsa_circ_0000097 were significantly upregulated in AIS patients and could serve as potential biomarkers for AIS with high specificity and sensitivity. Moreover, the expression levels of hsa_circ_0007290, hsa_circ_0049637, hsa_circ_0000607, hsa_circ_0004808 and hsa_circ_0000097 were also found to be positively correlated with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NISS) and modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores, which indicated that the presence of these circRNAs in plasma brain-derived exosomes could also determine the progression of AIS.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Exosomes/genetics ; Exosomes/metabolism ; RNA, Circular/genetics ; RNA, Circular/blood ; Ischemic Stroke/blood ; Ischemic Stroke/genetics ; Ischemic Stroke/diagnosis ; Biomarkers/blood ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Brain/metabolism
Chemical Substances	RNA, Circular ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2227405-4
ISSN	1557-1904 ; 1557-1890
ISSN (online)	1557-1904
ISSN	1557-1890
DOI	10.1007/s11481-024-10113-1
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Article ; Online: Updates on RPE cell damage in diabetic retinopathy (Review).

Li, Min / Tian, Meimei / Wang, Yuling / Ma, Huijie / Zhou, Yaru / Jiang, Xinli / Liu, Yan

Molecular medicine reports

2023 Volume 28, Issue 4

Abstract: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) forms the outer layer of the blood‑retinal barrier and serves a role in maintaining retinal function. RPE cell injury has been revealed in ... ...

Abstract	Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) forms the outer layer of the blood‑retinal barrier and serves a role in maintaining retinal function. RPE cell injury has been revealed in diabetic animal models, and high glucose (HG) levels may cause damage to RPE cells by increasing the levels of oxidative stress, promoting pro‑inflammatory gene expression, disrupting cell proliferation, inducing the endothelial‑mesenchymal transition, weakening tight conjunctions and elevating cell death mechanisms, such as apoptosis, ferroptosis and pyroptosis. Non‑coding RNAs including microRNAs, long non‑coding RNAs and circular RNAs participate in RPE cell damage caused by HG levels, which may provide targeted therapeutic strategies for the treatment of DR. Plant extracts such as citrusin and hesperidin, and a number of hypoglycemic drugs, such as sodium‑glucose co‑transporter 2 inhibitors, metformin and glucagon‑like peptide‑1 receptor agonists, exhibit potential RPE protective effects; however, the detailed mechanisms behind these effects remain to be fully elucidated. An in‑depth understanding of the contribution of the RPE to DR may provide novel perspectives and therapeutic targets for DR.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Diabetic Retinopathy/genetics ; Retina ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Apoptosis ; Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus
Chemical Substances	Hypoglycemic Agents ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-18
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2469505-1
ISSN	1791-3004 ; 1791-2997
ISSN (online)	1791-3004
ISSN	1791-2997
DOI	10.3892/mmr.2023.13072
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Article ; Online: Association of plasma galectin-3 and fetuin-A levels with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Li, Min / Tian, Meimei / Wang, Yuling / Ma, Huijie / Zhou, Yaru / Jiang, Xinli / Liu, Yan

Endokrynologia Polska

2023 Volume 74, Issue 5, Page(s) 536–543

Abstract: Introduction: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and fetuin-A (Fet-A) are cytokines that participate in inflammation and insulin resistance. Previous studies have found that altered Gal-3 and Fet-A levels in circulation correlate with diabetic complications. However, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and fetuin-A (Fet-A) are cytokines that participate in inflammation and insulin resistance. Previous studies have found that altered Gal-3 and Fet-A levels in circulation correlate with diabetic complications. However, whether they are all associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been little investigated. The aim of this study was to assess plasma Gal-3 and Fet-A concentrations, and to investigate their associations with the presence of DR in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Material and methods: A total of 100 T2DM patients were enrolled, among which there were 50 patients without DR (non diabetic retinopathy, NDR group) and 50 patients with DR (DR group). Clinical parameters were collected, and plasma Gal-3 and Fet-A levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Both Gal-3 and Fet-A were found to be increased in DR patients with respect to NDR controls, and Gal-3 correlated positively with Fet-A. Bivariate correlation analysis revealed that Gal-3 levels were positively correlated with haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), while Fet-A correlated negatively with fasting C peptide (FC-P) and positively with homocysteine (Hcy). Binary logistic regression suggested that elevated Gal-3 and Fet-A levels were related to increased risk of DR. ROC curve displayed that the combination of Fet-A and Gal-3 exhibited better diagnostic value for DR. Conclusions: Both Gal-3 and Fet-A were elevated in the circulation of DR patients, and they were positively associated with the occurrence of DR. The combination of 2 indicators showed better diagnostic value for DR.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetic Retinopathy/etiology ; Galectin 3 ; alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein ; Insulin Resistance
Chemical Substances	Galectin 3 ; alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-30
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	419270-9
ISSN	2299-8306 ; 0423-104X
ISSN (online)	2299-8306
ISSN	0423-104X
DOI	10.5603/ep.96300
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Article ; Online: Long non‑coding RNA MALAT1 is involved in retinal pigment epithelial cell damage caused by high glucose treatment.

Jiang, Xinli / Liu, Yan / Wang, Yuling / Zhou, Yaru / Miao, Huipeng / Zhang, Peng / Ma, Jingxue

Molecular medicine reports

2022 Volume 25, Issue 5

Abstract: The present study aimed to explore the role of long non‑coding RNA metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lncRNA MALAT1) in high glucose (HG)‑induced ARPE‑19 cell damage. ARPE‑19 cells were cultured and treated with HG (25 mmol/l glucose) ...

Abstract	The present study aimed to explore the role of long non‑coding RNA metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lncRNA MALAT1) in high glucose (HG)‑induced ARPE‑19 cell damage. ARPE‑19 cells were cultured and treated with HG (25 mmol/l glucose). MALAT1 expression was silenced following transfection of small interfering RNA. Cell apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry. The cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase activity were all measured to examine oxidative stress. Gene expression levels of MALAT1 were determined by reverse transcription‑quantitative (RT‑q)PCR, while expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP‑1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‑1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was detected using RT‑qPCR and western blotting. MALAT1 expression was markedly increased in ARPE‑19 cells treated with HG. HG treatment caused increased apoptosis and elevated ROS‑induced stress in ARPE‑19 cells and these effects could be partly attenuated by MALAT1 knockdown. Increased gene expression levels of TNF‑α, MCP‑1, ICAM‑1 and VEGF induced by HG were also alleviated by MALAT1 inhibition. Therefore, lncRNA MALAT1 is the key factor in ARPE‑19 cell damage caused by HG and may be a promising therapeutic target for clinical DR therapy. However, further studies are still required to reveal the detailed mechanisms underlying lncRNA MALAT1 function.
MeSH term(s)	Apoptosis/genetics ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism ; Retinal Pigments ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; Retinal Pigments ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-22
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2469505-1
ISSN	1791-3004 ; 1791-2997
ISSN (online)	1791-3004
ISSN	1791-2997
DOI	10.3892/mmr.2022.12693
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Article ; Online: Inhibition of galectin-3 ameliorates high-glucose-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in ARPE-19 cells.

Li, Min / Tian, Meimei / Jiang, Xinli / Liu, Yan / Wang, Yan / Li, Yukun

Cutaneous and ocular toxicology

2022 Volume 41, Issue 2, Page(s) 179–186

Abstract: Purpose: Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) has been found to be participated in the pathogenesis of DR in recent years. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is involved in many diabetic complications and ophthalmological diseases. However, the role of Gal-3 in RPE cells ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) has been found to be participated in the pathogenesis of DR in recent years. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is involved in many diabetic complications and ophthalmological diseases. However, the role of Gal-3 in RPE cells in DR remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the role of Gal-3 in ARPE-19 cells under high glucose treatment. Materials and methods: ARPE-19 cells were cultured under normal or high glucose (HG) for 48 h. Expression of Gal-3 was inhibited by Si-Gal-3 transfection. Apoptosis was checked by flow cytometry. Oxidative stress was checked by measuring ROS, MDA levels, and SOD activities. Occludin and ZO-1 expression were checked by immunofluorescence staining. Genes involved in inflammatory response were measured by real-time PCR and Western blot. Results: Gal-3 expression could be increased by HG treatment in ARPE-19 cells. Gal-3 knockdown might reduce oxidative stress, apoptosis, and gene expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and integrin-β1 induced by HG treatment. The gene expression of IL-1β could be markedly promoted by HG treatment and this increasement was partly alleviated by Gal-3 knockdown only at the mRNA level. The reduced expression of ZO-1 and occludin caused by HG could also be improved by Gal-3 knockdown. Conclusion: Gal-3 participated in increased oxidative stress and inflammatory response caused by HG in ARPE-19 cells.
MeSH term(s)	Apoptosis ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Galectin 3/metabolism ; Glucose ; Humans ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Occludin/genetics ; Occludin/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium/pathology
Chemical Substances	Galectin 3 ; Occludin ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605635-0
ISSN	1556-9535 ; 1556-9527 ; 0731-3829
ISSN (online)	1556-9535
ISSN	1556-9527 ; 0731-3829
DOI	10.1080/15569527.2022.2081701
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Zs.A 1782: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Omentin-1 and diabetes: more evidence but far from enough.

Xu, Jing / Li, Min / Jiang, Xinli / Wang, Yuling / Ma, Huijie / Zhou, Yaru / Tian, Meimei / Liu, Yan

Archives of physiology and biochemistry

2023 , Page(s) 1–7

Abstract: Aims and background: Omentin-1 (oment-1) is a type of adipokines that is mainly expressed in visceral fat tissue. Based on accumulating evidence, oment-1 is closely related to diabetes and its complications. However, so far data about oment-1 and ... ...

Abstract	Aims and background: Omentin-1 (oment-1) is a type of adipokines that is mainly expressed in visceral fat tissue. Based on accumulating evidence, oment-1 is closely related to diabetes and its complications. However, so far data about oment-1 and diabetes is fragmented. In this review, we focus on the role of oment-1 on diabetes, including its possible signalling pathways, the correlation of circulating omens-1 levels with diabetes and its complications. Methods: The web of PubMed was searched for articles of relevant studies published until February, 2023. Results and conclusions: Oment-1 might exert its effects by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and activating the Akt and AMPK-dependent pathways. The level of circulating oment-1 is negatively correlated with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes and some complications, including diabetic vascular disease, cardiomyopathy, and retinopathy, which can be affected by anti-diabetic therapies. Oment-1 could be a promising marker for screening and targeted therapy for diabetes and its complications; however, more studies are still needed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1238320-x
ISSN	1744-4160 ; 1381-3455
ISSN (online)	1744-4160
ISSN	1381-3455
DOI	10.1080/13813455.2023.2230380
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Article: Fabrication and Characterization of an Optimized Low-Loss Two-Mode Fiber for Optoacoustic Sensing.

Zhang, Zelin / You, Guanglei / Qin, Yu / Peng, Jianqin / Xie, Shuhong / Jiang, Xinli / Wang, Caoyuan / Yu, Ruowei / Shen, Yichun / Xiao, Limin

Micromachines

2022 Volume 13, Issue 10

Abstract: An optimized multi-step index (MSI) 2-LP-mode fiber is proposed and fabricated with low propagation loss of 0.179 dB/km, low intermodal crosstalk and excellent bend resistance. We experimentally clarified the characteristics of backward Brillouin ... ...

Abstract	An optimized multi-step index (MSI) 2-LP-mode fiber is proposed and fabricated with low propagation loss of 0.179 dB/km, low intermodal crosstalk and excellent bend resistance. We experimentally clarified the characteristics of backward Brillouin scattering (BBS) and forward Brillouin scattering (FBS) induced by radial acoustic modes (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2620864-7
ISSN	2072-666X
ISSN	2072-666X
DOI	10.3390/mi13101774
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