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Article: TCGA Expression Analyses of 10 Carcinoma Types Reveal Clinically Significant Racial Differences.

Lei, Brian / Jiang, Xinyin / Saxena, Anjana

2023 Volume 15, Issue 10

Abstract: Epidemiological studies reveal disparities in cancer incidence and outcome rates between racial groups in the United States. In our study, we investigated molecular differences between racial groups in 10 carcinoma types. We used publicly available data ... ...

Abstract	Epidemiological studies reveal disparities in cancer incidence and outcome rates between racial groups in the United States. In our study, we investigated molecular differences between racial groups in 10 carcinoma types. We used publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas to identify patterns of differential gene expression in tumor samples obtained from 4112 White, Black/African American, and Asian patients. We identified race-dependent expression of numerous genes whose mRNA transcript levels were significantly correlated with patients' survival. Only a small subset of these genes was differentially expressed in multiple carcinomas, including genes involved in cell cycle progression such as
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers15102695
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: One carbon metabolism and early development: a diet-dependent destiny.

Korsmo, Hunter W / Jiang, Xinyin

Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM

2021 Volume 32, Issue 8, Page(s) 579–593

Abstract: One carbon metabolism (OCM) is critical for early development, as it provides one carbon (1C) units for the biosynthesis of DNA, proteins, and lipids and epigenetic modification of the genome. Epigenetic marks established early in life can be maintained ... ...

Abstract	One carbon metabolism (OCM) is critical for early development, as it provides one carbon (1C) units for the biosynthesis of DNA, proteins, and lipids and epigenetic modification of the genome. Epigenetic marks established early in life can be maintained and exert lasting impacts on gene expression and functions later in life. Animal and human studies have increasingly demonstrated that prenatal 1C nutrient deficiencies impair fetal growth, neurodevelopment, and cardiometabolic parameters in childhood, while sufficient maternal 1C nutrient intake is protective against these detrimental outcomes. However, recent studies also highlight the potential risk of maternal 1C nutrient excess or imbalance in disrupting early development. Further studies are needed to delineate the dose-response relationship among prenatal 1C nutrient exposure, epigenetic modifications, and developmental outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Carbon/metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Diet ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Fetal Development ; Humans ; Pregnancy
Chemical Substances	Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1042384-9
ISSN	1879-3061 ; 1043-2760
ISSN (online)	1879-3061
ISSN	1043-2760
DOI	10.1016/j.tem.2021.05.011
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Article ; Online: Nuclear Binding Protein 2/Nesfatin-1 Affects Trophoblast Cell Fusion during Placental Development via the EGFR-PLCG1-CAMK4 Pathway.

Dang, Qinyu / Zhu, Yandi / Zhang, Yadi / Hu, Zhuo / Wei, Yuchen / Chen, Zhaoyang / Jiang, Xinyin / Cai, Xiaxia / Yu, Huanling

International journal of molecular sciences

2024 Volume 25, Issue 3

Abstract: Previous studies have shown that nuclear binding protein 2 ( ...

Abstract	Previous studies have shown that nuclear binding protein 2 (
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Cadherins/metabolism ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4/metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Fusion ; ErbB Receptors/metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Phospholipase C gamma/metabolism ; Placenta/metabolism ; Placentation ; Trophoblasts/metabolism ; Nucleobindins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Cadherins ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4 (EC 2.7.11.17) ; CAMK4 protein, human (EC 2.7.11.17) ; Carrier Proteins ; EGFR protein, human (EC 2.7.10.1) ; ErbB Receptors (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Nuclear Proteins ; Phospholipase C gamma (EC 3.1.4.3) ; PLCG1 protein, human (EC 3.1.4.11) ; Nucb2 protein, rat ; Nucleobindins ; Camk4 protein, rat (EC 2.7.11.17)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms25031925
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Article ; Online: A Narrative Review on Maternal Choline Intake and Liver Function of the Fetus and the Infant; Implications for Research, Policy, and Practice.

Obeid, Rima / Schön, Christiane / Derbyshire, Emma / Jiang, Xinyin / Mellott, Tiffany J / Blusztajn, Jan Krzysztof / Zeisel, Steven H

Nutrients

2024 Volume 16, Issue 2

Abstract: Dietary choline is needed to maintain normal health, including normal liver function in adults. Fatty liver induced by a choline-deficient diet has been consistently observed in human and animal studies. The effect of insufficient choline intake on ... ...

Abstract	Dietary choline is needed to maintain normal health, including normal liver function in adults. Fatty liver induced by a choline-deficient diet has been consistently observed in human and animal studies. The effect of insufficient choline intake on hepatic fat accumulation is specific and reversible when choline is added to the diet. Choline requirements are higher in women during pregnancy and lactation than in young non-pregnant women. We reviewed the evidence on whether choline derived from the maternal diet is necessary for maintaining normal liver function in the fetus and breastfed infants. Studies have shown that choline from the maternal diet is actively transferred to the placenta, fetal liver, and human milk. This maternal-to-child gradient can cause depletion of maternal choline stores and increase the susceptibility of the mother to fatty liver. Removing choline from the diet of pregnant rats causes fatty liver both in the mother and the fetus. The severity of fatty liver in the offspring was found to correspond to the severity of fatty liver in the respective mothers and to the duration of feeding the choline-deficient diet to the mother. The contribution of maternal choline intake in normal liver function of the offspring can be explained by the role of phosphatidylcholine in lipid transport and as a component of cell membranes and the function of choline as a methyl donor that enables synthesis of phosphatidylcholine in the liver. Additional evidence is needed on the effect of choline intake during pregnancy and lactation on health outcomes in the fetus and infant. Most pregnant and lactating women are currently not achieving the adequate intake level of choline through the diet. Therefore, public health policies are needed to ensure sufficient choline intake through adding choline to maternal multivitamin supplements.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Infant ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; Animals ; Rats ; Choline ; Lactation ; Fetus ; Public Policy ; Fatty Liver ; Mothers ; Phosphatidylcholines
Chemical Substances	Choline (N91BDP6H0X) ; Phosphatidylcholines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu16020260
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Article ; Online: Maternal Lutein Intake during Pregnancies with or without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Cognitive Development of Children at 2 Years of Age: A Prospective Observational Study.

Kadam, Isma'il / Nebie, Chauntelle / Dalloul, Mudar / Hittelman, Joan / Fordjour, Lawrence / Hoepner, Lori / Futterman, Itamar D / Minkoff, Howard / Jiang, Xinyin

Nutrients

2024 Volume 16, Issue 2

Abstract: Lutein and its isomer zeaxanthin serve as antioxidants and preserve cognitive function during aging. However, whether lutein/zeaxanthin (L + Z) exposure early in life improves cognitive development of children is rarely explored. It is also unknown ... ...

Abstract	Lutein and its isomer zeaxanthin serve as antioxidants and preserve cognitive function during aging. However, whether lutein/zeaxanthin (L + Z) exposure early in life improves cognitive development of children is rarely explored. It is also unknown whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), characterized by heightened oxidative stress, affects lutein metabolism. This prospective longitudinal cohort study examined the differences in L + Z intake and metabolism, as well as the association between maternal L + Z intake and children's cognitive development in GDM versus non-GDM pregnancies. Seventy-six pregnant women (
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Cognition ; Diabetes, Gestational ; Longitudinal Studies ; Lutein ; Prospective Studies ; Zeaxanthins ; Child, Preschool
Chemical Substances	Lutein (X72A60C9MT) ; Zeaxanthins
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu16020328
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Article ; Online: Understanding the determinants of sweet taste liking in the African and East Asian ancestry groups in the U.S.-A study protocol.

Cheung, May M / Hubert, Patrice A / Reed, Danielle R / Pouget, Enrique R / Jiang, Xinyin / Hwang, Liang-Dar

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) e0300071

Abstract: Background: The liking for sweet taste is a powerful driver for consuming added sugars, and therefore, understanding how sweet liking is formed is a critical step in devising strategies to lower added sugars consumption. However, current research on the ...

Abstract	Background: The liking for sweet taste is a powerful driver for consuming added sugars, and therefore, understanding how sweet liking is formed is a critical step in devising strategies to lower added sugars consumption. However, current research on the influence of genetic and environmental factors on sweet liking is mostly based on research conducted with individuals of European ancestry. Whether these results can be generalized to people of other ancestry groups warrants investigation. Methods: We will determine the differences in allele frequencies in sweet-related genetic variants and their effects on sweet liking in 426 adults of either African or East Asian ancestry, who have the highest and lowest average added sugars intake, respectively, among ancestry groups in the U.S. We will collect information on participants' sweet-liking phenotype, added sugars intake (sweetness exposure), anthropometric measures, place-of-birth, and for immigrants, duration of time living in the U.S. and age when immigrated. Ancestry-specific polygenic scores of sweet liking will be computed based on the effect sizes of the sweet-related genetic variants on the sweet-liking phenotype for each ancestry group. The predictive validity of the polygenic scores will be tested using individuals of African and East Asian ancestry from the UK Biobank. We will also compare sweet liking between U.S.-born individuals and immigrants within each ancestry group to test whether differences in environmental sweetness exposure during childhood affect sweet liking in adulthood. Discussion: Expanding genetic research on taste to individuals from ancestry groups traditionally underrepresented in such research is consistent with equity goals in sensory and nutrition science. Findings from this study will help in the development of a more personalized nutrition approach for diverse populations. Trial registration: This protocol has been preregistered with the Center for Open Science (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/WPR9E).
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Food Preferences ; Gene Frequency ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Taste/genetics ; Taste/physiology ; United States ; Asian/genetics ; Black or African American/genetics ; Research Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0300071
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Article ; Online: Prenatal Choline Supplement in a Maternal Obesity Model Modulates Offspring Hepatic Lipidomes.

Korsmo, Hunter W / Kadam, Isma'il / Reaz, Aziza / Bretter, Rachel / Saxena, Anjana / Johnson, Caroline H / Caviglia, Jorge Matias / Jiang, Xinyin

Nutrients

2023 Volume 15, Issue 4

Abstract: Maternal obesity during pregnancy adversely impacts offspring health, predisposing them to chronic metabolic diseases characterized by insulin resistance, dysregulated macronutrient metabolism, and lipid overload, such as metabolic-associated fatty liver ...

Abstract	Maternal obesity during pregnancy adversely impacts offspring health, predisposing them to chronic metabolic diseases characterized by insulin resistance, dysregulated macronutrient metabolism, and lipid overload, such as metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Choline is a semi-essential nutrient involved in lipid and one-carbon metabolism that is compromised during MAFLD progression. Here, we investigated under high-fat (HF) obesogenic feeding how maternal choline supplementation (CS) influenced the hepatic lipidome of mouse offspring. Our results demonstrate that maternal HF+CS increased relative abundance of a subclass of phospholipids called plasmalogens in the offspring liver at both embryonic day 17.5 and after 6 weeks of postnatal HF feeding. Consistent with the role of plasmalogens as sacrificial antioxidants, HF+CS embryos were presumably protected with lower oxidative stress. After postnatal HF feeding, the maternal HF+CS male offspring also had higher relative abundance of both sphingomyelin d42:2 and its side chain, nervonic acid (FA 24:1). Nervonic acid is exclusively metabolized in the peroxisome and is tied to plasmalogen synthesis. Altogether, this study demonstrates that under the influence of obesogenic diet, maternal CS modulates the fetal and postnatal hepatic lipidome of male offspring, favoring plasmalogen synthesis, an antioxidative response that may protect the mouse liver from damages due to HF feeding.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Animals ; Obesity/metabolism ; Plasmalogens ; Choline/metabolism ; Obesity, Maternal/metabolism ; Lipidomics ; Diet, High-Fat ; Liver/metabolism ; Dietary Supplements ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/metabolism ; Vitamins/metabolism ; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Plasmalogens ; Choline (N91BDP6H0X) ; Vitamins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15040965
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Oat β-glucan supplementation pre- and during pregnancy alleviates fetal intestinal immunity development damaged by gestational diabetes in rats.

Yang, Qian / Cai, Xiaxia / Zhu, Yandi / Hu, Zhuo / Wei, Yuchen / Dang, Qinyu / Zhang, Yadi / Zhao, Xiaoyan / Jiang, Xinyin / Yu, Huanling

Food & function

2023 Volume 14, Issue 18, Page(s) 8453–8466

Abstract: Oat β-glucan (OG) has been shown to improve intestinal microecology in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the effect on fetal intestine health is unknown. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects of OG supplementation during gestation in GDM ... ...

Abstract	Oat β-glucan (OG) has been shown to improve intestinal microecology in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the effect on fetal intestine health is unknown. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects of OG supplementation during gestation in GDM dams on fetal intestinal immune development. OG was supplemented one week before mating until the end of the experiment. GDM rats were made with a high-fat diet (HFD) with a minimal streptozotocin (STZ) dose. The fetal intestines were sampled at gestation day (GD) 19.5, and the intestinal morphology, chemical barrier molecules, intraepithelial immune cell makers, and levels of inflammatory cytokines were investigated. The results showed that OG supplementation alleviated the decrease of the depth of fetal intestinal villi and crypts, the number of goblet cells (GCs), protein expression of mucin-1 (Muc1) and Muc2, the mRNA levels of Gpr41, Gpr43, and T cell markers, and increased the number of paneth cells (PCs), the mRNA levels of defensin-6 (defa6), and macrophage (Mø) marker and the expression of cytokines induced by GDM. In addition, OG supplementation alleviated the function of immune cell self-proliferation, chemotaxis and assembly capabilities, protein, fat, folic acid, and zinc absorption damaged by GDM. As indicated by these findings, OG supplementation before and during pregnancy improved the fetal intestinal chemical barriers, immune cells, cytokines, and the metabolism of nutrients to protect the fetal intestinal immunity.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Animals ; Rats ; Diabetes, Gestational ; Intestines ; Cytokines ; Dietary Supplements
Chemical Substances	beta-glucan, (1-3)(1-4)- (55965-23-6) ; Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2612033-1
ISSN	2042-650X ; 2042-6496
ISSN (online)	2042-650X
ISSN	2042-6496
DOI	10.1039/d3fo00429e
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Z 7872: Show issues

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Article: Understanding the Determinants of Sweet Liking in the African and East Asian Ancestry Groups in the U.S. - A Study Protocol.

Cheung, May M / Hubert, Patrice A / Reed, Danielle R / Pouget, Enrique R / Jiang, Xinyin / Hwang, Liang-Dar

Research square

2023

Abstract	Background: The liking for sweet taste is a powerful driver for consuming added sugars, and therefore, understanding how sweet liking is formed is a critical step in devising strategies to lower added sugars consumption. However, current research on the influence of genetic and environmental factors on sweet liking is mostly based on research conducted with individuals of European ancestry. Whether these results can be generalized to people of other ancestry groups warrants investigation. Methods: We will determine the differences in allele frequencies in sweet-related genetic variants and their effects on sweet liking in 426 adults of either African or East Asian ancestry, who have the highest and lowest average added sugars intake, respectively, among ancestry groups in the U.S. We will collect information on participants' sweet-liking phenotype, added sugars intake (sweetness exposure), anthropometric measures, place-of-birth, and for immigrants, duration of time living in the U.S. and age when immigrated. Ancestry-specific polygenic scores of sweet liking will be computed based on the effect sizes of the sweet-related genetic variants on the sweet-liking phenotype for each ancestry group. The predictive validity of the polygenic scores will be tested using individuals of African and East Asian ancestry from the UK Biobank. We will also compare sweet liking between U.S.-born individuals and immigrants within each ancestry group to test whether differences in environmental sweetness exposure during childhood affect sweet liking in adulthood. Discussion: Expanding genetic research on taste to individuals from ancestry groups traditionally underrepresented in such research is consistent with equity goals in sensory and nutrition science. Findings from this study will help in the development of a more personalized nutrition approach for diverse populations. Trial registration: This protocol has been preregistered with the Center for Open Science (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/WPR9E) and is approved by the City University of New York Human Research Protection Program (IRB#: 2023-0064-Brooklyn).
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.21203/rs.3.rs-3644422/v1
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Article ; Online: Choline: Exploring the Growing Science on Its Benefits for Moms and Babies.

Korsmo, Hunter W / Jiang, Xinyin / Caudill, Marie A

Nutrients

2019 Volume 11, Issue 8

Abstract: The importance of ensuring adequate choline intakes during pregnancy is increasingly recognized. Choline is critical for a number of physiological processes during the prenatal period with roles in membrane biosynthesis and tissue expansion, ... ...

Abstract	The importance of ensuring adequate choline intakes during pregnancy is increasingly recognized. Choline is critical for a number of physiological processes during the prenatal period with roles in membrane biosynthesis and tissue expansion, neurotransmission and brain development, and methyl group donation and gene expression. Studies in animals and humans have shown that supplementing the maternal diet with additional choline improves several pregnancy outcomes and protects against certain neural and metabolic insults. Most pregnant women in the U.S. are not achieving choline intake recommendations of 450 mg/day and would likely benefit from boosting their choline intakes through dietary and/or supplemental approaches.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Choline/administration & dosage ; Choline/physiology ; Diet ; Dietary Supplements ; Female ; Fetus/physiology ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Nutritional Requirements ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Prenatal Care
Chemical Substances	Choline (N91BDP6H0X)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu11081823
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