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Article ; Online: Temporal changes of the incidence of childhood cancer in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic

Friederike Erdmann / Claudia Spix / Martin Schrappe / Arndt Borkhardt / Joachim Schüz

The Lancet Regional Health. Europe, Vol 17, Iss , Pp 100398- (2022)

Updated analyses from the German Childhood Cancer Registry

2022

Keywords	Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Response to Toshihide Tsuda, Yumiko Miyano and Eiji Yamamoto [1]

Joachim Schüz / Evgenia Ostroumova / Ausrele Kesminiene / Louise Davies / Hyeong Sik Ahn / Kayo Togawa / Salvatore Vaccarella

Environmental Health, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 2

Abstract: Abstract Background Using a toolkit approach, Tsuda et al. critiqued work carried out by or in collaboration with the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), including the IARC technical publication No. 46 on “Thyroid health monitoring ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Using a toolkit approach, Tsuda et al. critiqued work carried out by or in collaboration with the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), including the IARC technical publication No. 46 on “Thyroid health monitoring after nuclear accidents” (TM-NUC), the project on nuclear emergency situations and improvement on medical and health surveillance (SHAMISEN), and the IARC-led work on global thyroid cancer incidence patterns as per IARC core mandate. Main body We respond on the criticism of the recommendations of the IARC technical publication No. 46, and of global thyroid cancer incidence evaluation. Conclusion After nuclear accidents, overdiagnosis can still happen and must be included in informed decision making when providing a system of optimal help for cases of radiation-induced thyroid cancer, to minimize harm to people by helping them avoid diagnostics and treatment they may not need.
Keywords	Thyroid cancer ; Incidence ; Overdiagnosis ; Nuclear accident ; Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene ; RC963-969 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Human exposure to uranium in South African gold mining areas using barber-based hair sampling.

Frank Winde / Gerhard Geipel / Carolina Espina / Joachim Schüz

PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 6, p e

2019 Volume 0219059

Abstract: Uranium (U) measurements in water, soil, and food related to gold mining activities in populated areas in Gauteng Province, South Africa, suggest the possibility of exposure levels that may lead to adverse health consequences, including cancer. ... ...

Abstract	Uranium (U) measurements in water, soil, and food related to gold mining activities in populated areas in Gauteng Province, South Africa, suggest the possibility of exposure levels that may lead to adverse health consequences, including cancer. Theoretical considerations on pathways of human uptake of significant exposures are plausible, but few data on directly measured human exposure are available. A cross-sectional study was conducted using human measurements to compare U levels with other settings around the globe (based on literature review), to explore potential exposure variability within the province, and to test the feasibility of recruiting subjects partially coming from vulnerable and difficult-to-reach populations. Wards of potentially high (HE) and low exposure (LE) were identified. Composite hair samples representing the respective local populations were collected from regular customers of selected barber shops over a period of 1-2 months. A total of 70 U concentrations were determined in 27 composite samples from 1332 individuals. U concentrations ranged from 31 μg/kg to 2524 μg/kg, with an arithmetic mean of 192 μg/kg (standard deviation, 310 μg/kg) and a median of 122 μg/kg. Although HE wards collectively showed higher U levels than LE wards (184 vs 134 μg/kg), differences were smaller than expected. In conclusion, detected U levels were higher than those from most other surveys of the general public. The barber-based approach was an efficient hair collection approach. Composite hair samples are not recommended, due to technical challenges in measuring U, and individual hair samples are needed in follow-up studies to determine predictors of exposure.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comments on "Thyroid nodule prevalence among young residents in the evacuation area after fukushima daichi nuclear accident

Christoph Reiners / Ausrele Kesminiene / Joachim Schüz

Journal of Radiation and Cancer Research, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 79-

Results of preliminary analysis using the official data"

2019 Volume 80

Keywords	Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920 ; Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ; RC254-282
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Time trends in mobile phone use and glioma incidence among males in the Nordic Countries, 1979–2016

Isabelle Deltour / Aslak Harbo Poulsen / Christoffer Johansen / Maria Feychting / Tom Børge Johannesen / Anssi Auvinen / Joachim Schüz

Environment International, Vol 168, Iss , Pp 107487- (2022)

2022

Abstract: Introduction: In the Nordic countries, the use of mobile phones increased sharply in the mid-1990s especially among middle-aged men. We investigated time trends in glioma incidence rates (IR) with the perspective to inform about the plausibility of brain ...

Abstract	Introduction: In the Nordic countries, the use of mobile phones increased sharply in the mid-1990s especially among middle-aged men. We investigated time trends in glioma incidence rates (IR) with the perspective to inform about the plausibility of brain tumour risks from mobile phone use reported in some case-control studies. Methods: We analysed IR of glioma in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden among men aged 40–69 years, using data from national cancer registries and population statistics during 1979–2016, using log-linear joinpoint analysis. Information on regular mobile phone use and amount of call-time was obtained from major studies of mobile phones in these countries. We compared annual observed incidence with that expected under various risk scenarios to assess which of the reported effect sizes are compatible with the observed IR. The expected numbers of cases were computed accounting for an impact of other factors besides mobile phone use, such as improved cancer registration. Results: Based on 18,232 glioma cases, IR increased slightly but steadily with a change of 0.1% (95 %CI 0.0%; 0.3%) per year during 1979–2016 among 40–59-year-old men and for ages 60–69, by 0.6 % (95 %CI 0.4; 0.9) annually. The observed IR trends among men aged 40–59 years were incompatible with risk ratios (RR) 1.08 or higher with a 10-year lag, RR ≥ 1.2 with 15-year lag and RR ≥ 1.5 with 20-year lag. For the age group 60–69 years, corresponding effect sizes RR ≥ 1.4, ≥2 and ≥ 2.5 could be rejected for lag times 10, 15 and 20 years. Discussion: This study confirms and reinforces the conclusions that no changes in glioma incidence in the Nordic countries have occurred that are consistent with a substantial risk attributable to mobile phone use. This particularly applies to virtually all reported risk increases reported by previous case-control studies with positive findings.
Keywords	Glioma ; Mobile phones ; Cancer registry ; Modelling ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Digital interventions to moderate physical inactivity and/or nutrition in young people

Kevin T. McDermott / Caro Noake / Robert Wolff / Linda Bauld / Carolina Espina / Jérôme Foucaud / Karen Steindorf / Mangesh A. Thorat / Matty P. Weijenberg / Joachim Schüz / Jos Kleijnen

Frontiers in Digital Health, Vol

a Cancer Prevention Europe overview of systematic reviews

2023 Volume 5

Abstract: BackgroundStrategies to increase physical activity (PA) and improve nutrition would contribute to substantial health benefits in the population, including reducing the risk of several types of cancers. The increasing accessibility of digital technologies ...

Abstract	BackgroundStrategies to increase physical activity (PA) and improve nutrition would contribute to substantial health benefits in the population, including reducing the risk of several types of cancers. The increasing accessibility of digital technologies mean that these tools could potentially facilitate the improvement of health behaviours among young people.ObjectiveWe conducted a review of systematic reviews to assess the available evidence on digital interventions aimed at increasing physical activity and good nutrition in sub-populations of young people (school-aged children, college/university students, young adults only (over 18 years) and both adolescent and young adults (<25 years)).MethodsSearches for systematic reviews were conducted across relevant databases including KSR Evidence (www.ksrevidence.com), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) and Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE; CRD). Records were independently screened by title and abstract by two reviewers and those deemed eligible were obtained for full text screening. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed with the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) tool. We employed a narrative analysis and developed evidence gap maps.ResultsTwenty-four reviews were included with at least one for each sub-population and employing a range of digital interventions. The quality of evidence was limited with only one of the 24 of reviews overall judged as low RoB. Definitions of “digital intervention” greatly varied across systematic reviews with some reported interventions fitting into more than one category (i.e., an internet intervention could also be a mobile phone or computer intervention), however definitions as reported in the relevant reviews were used. No reviews reported cancer incidence or related outcomes. Available evidence was limited both by sub-population and type of intervention, but evidence was most pronounced in school-aged children. In school-aged children eHealth interventions, defined as ...
Keywords	digital health ; diet ; physical activity ; cancer ; systematic reviews ; public health ; Medicine ; R ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
Subject code	332 ; 360
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Risk Factors for Childhood Leukemia

Janine-Alison Schmidt / Sabine Hornhardt / Friederike Erdmann / Isidro Sánchez-García / Ute Fischer / Joachim Schüz / Gunde Ziegelberger

Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

Radiation and Beyond

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: Childhood leukemia (CL) is undoubtedly caused by a multifactorial process with genetic as well as environmental factors playing a role. But in spite of several efforts in a variety of scientific fields, the causes of the disease and the interplay of ... ...

Abstract	Childhood leukemia (CL) is undoubtedly caused by a multifactorial process with genetic as well as environmental factors playing a role. But in spite of several efforts in a variety of scientific fields, the causes of the disease and the interplay of possible risk factors are still poorly understood. To push forward the research on the causes of CL, the German Federal Office for Radiation Protection has been organizing recurring international workshops since 2008 every two to three years. In November 2019 the 6th International Workshop on the Causes of CL was held in Freising and brought together experts from diverse disciplines. The workshop was divided into two main parts focusing on genetic and environmental risk factors, respectively. Two additional special sessions addressed the influence of natural background radiation on the risk of CL and the progress in the development of mouse models used for experimental studies on acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most common form of leukemia worldwide. The workshop presentations highlighted the role of infections as environmental risk factor for CL, specifically for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Major support comes from two mouse models, the Pax5+/− and Sca1-ETV6-RUNX1 mouse model, one of the major achievements made in the last years. Mice of both predisposed models only develop leukemia when exposed to common infections. These results emphasize the impact of gene-environment-interactions on the development of CL and warrant further investigation of such interactions — especially because genetic predisposition is detected with increasing frequency in CL. This article summarizes the workshop presentations and discusses the results in the context of the international literature.
Keywords	magnetic fields ; genetic susceptibility ; environmental exposure ; acute lymphoblastic leukemia ; childhood leukemia ; risk factors ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Parental occupations at birth and risk of adult testicular germ cell tumors in offspring

Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

a French nationwide case–control study

2024 Volume 11

Abstract: BackgroundTesticular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are the most frequent cancer in young men in developed countries. Parental occupational exposures during early-life periods are suspected to increase TGCT risk. The objective was to estimate the association ... ...

Abstract	BackgroundTesticular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are the most frequent cancer in young men in developed countries. Parental occupational exposures during early-life periods are suspected to increase TGCT risk. The objective was to estimate the association between parental occupations at birth and adult TGCT.MethodsA case–control study was conducted, including 454 TGCT cases aged 18–45 from 20 French university hospitals, matched to 670 controls based on region and year of birth. Data collected from participants included parental jobs at birth coded according to the International Standard Classification of Occupation—1968 and the French nomenclature of activities—1999. Odds ratios (OR) for TGCT and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for TGCT risk factors.ResultsPaternal jobs at birth as service workers (OR = 1.98, CI 1.18–3.30), protective service workers (OR = 2.40, CI 1.20–4.81), transport equipment operators (OR = 1.96, CI 1.14–3.37), specialized farmers (OR = 2.66, CI 1.03–6.90), and maternal jobs as secondary education teachers (OR = 2.27, CI 1.09–4.76) or in secondary education (OR = 2.35, CI 1.13–4.88) were significantly associated with adult TGCT. The risk of seminoma was increased for the above-mentioned paternal jobs and that of non-seminomas for public administration and defence; compulsory social security (OR = 1.99, CI 1.09–3.65); general, economic, and social administration (OR = 3.21, CI 1.23–8.39) for fathers; and secondary education teacher (OR = 4.67, CI 1.87–11.67) and secondary education (OR = 3.50, CI 1.36–9.01) for mothers.ConclusionSome paternal jobs, such as service workers, transport equipment operators, or specialized farmers, and maternal jobs in secondary education seem to be associated with an increased risk of TGCT with specific features depending on the histological type. These data allow hypotheses to be put forward for further studies as to the involvement of occupational exposures in the risk of developing TGCT, such as ...
Keywords	testicular cancer ; testicular germ cell tumor ; parental occupational exposure ; prenatal exposure ; parental job ; parental occupation ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	331
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Parental occupational exposure to combustion products, metals, silica and asbestos and risk of childhood leukaemia

Felix M. Onyije / Ann Olsson / Friederike Erdmann / Corrado Magnani / Eleni Petridou / Jacqueline Clavel / Lucia Miligi / Audrey Bonaventure / Daniela Ferrante / Sara Piro / Susan Peters / Roel Vermeulen / Hans Kromhout / Joachim Schüz

Environment International, Vol 167, Iss , Pp 107409- (2022)

Findings from the Childhood Cancer and Leukaemia International Consortium (CLIC)

2022

Abstract: Parental occupational exposures around conception (father) or during pregnancy (mother) have been hypothesized as potential predisposing factors for childhood leukaemia. We investigated parental exposure to several known occupational carcinogens and ... ...

Abstract	Parental occupational exposures around conception (father) or during pregnancy (mother) have been hypothesized as potential predisposing factors for childhood leukaemia. We investigated parental exposure to several known occupational carcinogens and childhood leukaemia risk. We conducted a pooled analysis using case-control data from four European countries (3362 childhood leukemia cases and 6268 controls). Parental occupational exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), diesel engine exhaust (DEE), chromium, nickel, crystalline silica, and asbestos were assessed by a general population job-exposure matrix. We estimated odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using unconditional logistic regression models for all childhood leukaemia combined, by leukaemia type (ALL and AML) and by ALL subtype (B-lineage and T-lineage). We found an association between high paternal occupational exposure to crystalline silica and childhood ALL (OR 2.20, CI 1.60–3.01) with increasing trend from no exposure to high exposure (P = <0.001), and also for AML (OR 2.03, CI 1.04–3.97; P for trend = 0.008). ORs were similar for B- and T-lineage ALL. For ALL, ORs were also slightly elevated with wide confidence intervals for high paternal occupational exposure to chromium (OR 1.23, CI 0.77–1.96), and DEE (OR 1.21, CI 0.82–1.77). No associations were observed for paternal exposures to nickel, PAH and asbestos. For maternal occupational exposure we found several slightly elevated odds ratios but mostly with very wide confidence intervals due to low numbers of exposed mothers. This is a first study suggesting an association between fathers’ occupational exposure to crystalline silica and an increased risk of childhood leukaemia in their offspring. As this association was driven by certain occupations (field crop farmers and miners) where other potentially relevant exposures like pesticides and radon may also occur, more research is needed to confirm our findings of an association with crystalline silica, and if so, ...
Keywords	Childhood leukaemia ; Parental occupational exposure ; Job-exposure matrix ; Crystalline silica ; Pooled analysis ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Smokeless Tobacco Use, Cigarette Smoking, and Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancers

Messaouda Oudjehih / Isabelle Deltour / Mohamed Larbi Bouhidel / Atika Bouhidel / Abdelwahab Marref / Véronique Luzon / Joachim Schüz / Hocine Bouneceur / Maria E Leon

Tobacco Use Insights, Vol

A Case-Control Study in the Batna Region, Algeria, 2008-2011

2020 Volume 13

Abstract: Background: A significant proportion of the Algerian population uses tobacco products and is at risk of developing tobacco-associated cancers. Aims: This case-control study reports on the association between tobacco use and the occurrence of upper ... ...

Abstract	Background: A significant proportion of the Algerian population uses tobacco products and is at risk of developing tobacco-associated cancers. Aims: This case-control study reports on the association between tobacco use and the occurrence of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers in Batna, Algeria. Methods: Incident primary UADT cancer cases in residents of Batna in 2008-2011 were identified using the regional tumor registry. One hospital and 1 population control were matched to each case by sex, year of birth, and residence. Information on tobacco use was collected, and odds ratios (ORs) were obtained using conditional logistic regression also after sex stratification. Results: The study included 192 cases (80%) of the 241 primary UADT cancer cases identified and 384 controls. Males represented 76.6% of cancer cases. Cancers of the nasopharynx (48%) and the larynx (26%) were the most common types. Ever use of smokeless tobacco (ST) (OR = 1.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6-1.5) or current ST use (OR = 1.1; 95% CI: 0.6-1.7) was not associated with overall risk of UADT cancers. Associations with cancers of the nasopharynx (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 0.5-4.6) and oral cavity/oropharynx (OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 0.8-11.8) were found when comparing use of ST only to no consumption of any tobacco. Cigarette smoking was associated with an increase in the overall risk of UADT cancers, with a 3-fold increase in the risk of laryngeal cancer when comparing smoking only to no consumption of any tobacco (OR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.0-11.5). Associations for smokers who also consumed ST differed by cancer site. Conclusion: In this study from Algeria dominated by male cases and by cancer in the nasopharynx, cigarette smoking but not ST was associated with UADT cancer. Analyses by anatomical site and using as reference never use of any type of tobacco suggested few associations with ST but of lower precision.
Keywords	Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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