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Article ; Online: Health beliefs and attitudes toward Influenza and COVID-19 vaccination in Portugal

Ana João Santos / Irina Kislaya / Carlos Matias-Dias / Ausenda Machado

Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

a study using a mixed-method approach

2024 Volume 11

Abstract: IntroductionVaccination is one of the most effective population strategies to prevent infectious diseases and mitigate pandemics, and it is important to understand vaccine uptake determinants since vaccine hesitancy has been increasing for the past few ... ...

Abstract	IntroductionVaccination is one of the most effective population strategies to prevent infectious diseases and mitigate pandemics, and it is important to understand vaccine uptake determinants since vaccine hesitancy has been increasing for the past few decades. The Health Belief Model (HBM) has been widely used for understanding vaccination behavior. The current study aimed to assess influenza vaccine (IV) non-uptake and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination, two important respiratory diseases with similar symptoms, and routes of transmission in the Portuguese population.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using a panel sample of randomly chosen Portuguese households. A total of 1,050 individuals aged 18 years and over responded to a telephone or online questionnaire. Through a mixed-method approach, we employed thematic content analysis to describe reasons for not taking the IV, considering the HBM dimensions, and quantitative statistical analysis to estimate IV and COVID-19 vaccine coverage.ResultsThe IV uptake for the overall population was 30.7% (CI 95%: 26.5, 35.2). Susceptibility was found to be a main factor for IV non-uptake, followed by barriers, such as stock availability and fear of adverse effects. The uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine was very high in the study population (83.1%, CI 95%: 13.6%−20.9%). There was a high perception of COVID-19-associated severity and fear of the consequences. Individuals who reported IV uptake seemed to perceive a higher severity of COVID-19 and a higher benefit of taking the COVID-19 vaccine for severe complications.DiscussionThus, the population does not seem to consider influenza to be a health risk, as opposed to COVID-19, which is considered to be a possibly severe disease. The association between IV uptake and COVID-19 perceptions highlights that an overall attitude toward vaccination in general may be an important individual determinant.
Keywords	influenza vaccine ; COVID-19 vaccine ; Health Belief Model ; vaccine uptake ; mixed-methods ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cone Beam Computed Tomography Radiomics for Prostate Cancer

Bruno Mendes / Inês Domingues / Filipe Dias / João Santos

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 1378, p

Favourable vs. Unfavourable Prognosis Prediction

2023 Volume 1378

Abstract: Silently asymptomatic at an early stage and often painless, requiring only active surveillance, Prostate Cancer (PCa) is traditionally diagnosed by a Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and a Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) blood test. A histological ... ...

Abstract	Silently asymptomatic at an early stage and often painless, requiring only active surveillance, Prostate Cancer (PCa) is traditionally diagnosed by a Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and a Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) blood test. A histological examination, searching for pattern irregularities on the prostate glandular tissue, is performed to quantify the aggressiveness of PCa. The assigned Gleason Score (GS), usually combined with Transrectal Ultrasound Guided Biopsy (TRUS), allows the stratification of patients according to their risk group. Intermediate-risk patients may have a favourable (GS = 3 + 4) or unfavourable (GS = 4 + 3) prognosis. This borderline is critical for defining treatments and possible outcomes, while External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT) is a curative option for localised and locally advanced disease and as a palliative option for metastatic low-volume disease; active surveillance or watchful waiting can also be an option for patients with a favourable prognosis. With radiomics, quantifying phenotypic characteristics in medical imaging is now possible. In the EBRT workflow, there are several imaging modalities, such as Magnetic Ressonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Ultrasound and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Most radiomic PCa studies focused on MRI and addressed tumour staging, GS, PSA or Biochemical Recurrence (BCR). This study intends to use CBCT radiomics to distinguish between favourable and unfavourable cases, with the potential of evaluating an ongoing treatment. Seven of the most used feature selection methods, combined with 14 different classifiers, were evaluated in a total of 98 pipelines. From those, six stood out with Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) values ≥ 0.79. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to evaluate a PCa favourable vs. unfavourable prognosis model based on CBCT radiomics.
Keywords	radiomics ; CBCT ; favourable ; prognosis ; risk group ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Unveiling the future of relict Mediterranean mountain peatlands by integrating the potential response of ecological indicators with environmental suitability assessments

André Fonseca / João Santos / Luís Pádua / Mário Santos

Ecological Indicators, Vol 157, Iss , Pp 111206- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Mediterranean mountain peatlands are unique ecosystems because of their distinct hydrology and environmental conditions, as well as being home to a vast array of rare and endemic species. Due to anthropogenic activities and ongoing climate change, ... ...

Abstract	Mediterranean mountain peatlands are unique ecosystems because of their distinct hydrology and environmental conditions, as well as being home to a vast array of rare and endemic species. Due to anthropogenic activities and ongoing climate change, mountain peatlands are one of the most endangered ecosystems in Mediterranean areas. Climate scenarios for the western Mediterranean area estimate a sharp decrease in annual precipitation and an upsurge in temperature, which may disrupt the structure and functioning of ground-water-dependent ecosystems. To predict how the environmental suitability of Mediterranean mountain peatlands would be impacted by climate-induced changes, a microscale climatic model was used to downscale 2 m hourly air temperature to a high spatial resolution of 100 m in protected area of North Portugal. The environmental suitability was assessed based on bioclimatic indices associated with mountain peatland indicator species. Climate change projections envisage a decline in the environmental suitability of Mediterranean mountain peatlands and their indicator species, which could compromise this relict ecosystem probability of occurrence. Specifically, environmental suitability was considered highly sensitive to increases in temperature, namely when coupled with decreases in precipitation, resulting in significant reshaping of potential evaporation, evapotranspiration, and soil water content of the areas where peatlands actually occur. Also, the importance of microclimatic information for detecting change in ecosystems that are more vulnerable to climate change and in defining the best management options and conservation priorities is highlighted. Considering their vital role in the conservation of biodiversity and provider of ecosystem services, actions to mitigate and restore Mediterranean mountain peatlands are urgent.
Keywords	Microclimate ; Bioclimatic indices ; Peatland ; NicheMapR ; Alvão natural park ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Vintage Port prediction and climate change scenarios

Helder Fraga / Nathalie Guimarães / João Santos

OENO One, Vol 57, Iss

2023 Volume 4

Abstract: The Douro region is renowned for its quality wines, particularly for the famous Port Wine. Vintage years, declared approximately 2–3 times per decade, signify exceptional quality linked to optimum climatic conditions driving grape quality attributes. ... ...

Abstract	The Douro region is renowned for its quality wines, particularly for the famous Port Wine. Vintage years, declared approximately 2–3 times per decade, signify exceptional quality linked to optimum climatic conditions driving grape quality attributes. Climate change poses challenges, as rising temperatures and extreme weather events impact viticulture. This study uses machine learning algorithms to assess the climatic influence on vintage years and climate change impacts for the next decades. Historical vintage data were collected from 1850 to 2014. Monthly climatic data for the same period were obtained, including temperature, precipitation, humidity, solar radiation, and wind components. Various machine-learning algorithms were selected for classification, and a statistical analysis helped identify relevant climate variables for differentiation. Cross-validation was used for model training and evaluation, with the hits and misses (confusion matrix) as the performance metric. The best-performing model underwent hyperparameter tuning. Subsequently, future climate projections were acquired for four regional climate models from 2030 until 2099 under different socio-economic scenarios (IPCC SSP2, SSP3, and SSP5). Quantile mapping bias adjustment was applied to correct future climate data and reduce model biases. Past data revealed that vintages occurred 23.6 % of the years, with an average of two vintage years per decade, with a slightly positive trend. Climate variables such as precipitation in March, air temperatures in April and May, humidity in March and April, solar radiation in March, and meridional wind in June were identified as important factors influencing vintage year occurrence. Machine-learning models were employed to predict vintage years based on the climate variables, with the XGBClassifier achieving the highest performance with 76 %/88 % hits for the vintage/non-vintage classes, respectively, and an ROC score of 0.86, demonstrating strong predictive capabilities. Future climate change scenarios ...
Keywords	Machine learning ; Statistical models ; wine quality ; Douro ; Portugal ; Agriculture ; S ; Botany ; QK1-989
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	International Viticulture and Enology Society
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Fatigue in Brazilian patients with Parkinson's disease.

Nassif, Daniel Venturino / Pereira, João Santos

Dementia & neuropsychologia

2022 Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) 237–242

Abstract: Fatigue is a non-motor symptom of high prevalence in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, it is still unknown and neglected by health professionals.: Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the prevalence of fatigue in patients with PD after ... ...

Abstract	Fatigue is a non-motor symptom of high prevalence in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, it is still unknown and neglected by health professionals. Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the prevalence of fatigue in patients with PD after excluding confounding factors, as well as its correlation with clinical and demographic data, and to find its negative impact on the quality of life of these patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 237 randomly selected patients. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected 53 patients, who were then submitted to the Fatigue Severity Scale. Clinical and demographic data were also analyzed, comparing them between patients with and without fatigue. Results: We identified fatigue in 21 (39.62%) patients. Patients with and without fatigue had similar mean scores on the UPDRS-III (p=0.36), equivalent daily dose of levodopa (p=0.94), mean disease duration (p=0.43), and mean age (p<0.99). Fatigued patients had worse quality of life scores (PDQ-39) (p=0.00). We did not observe a correlation between fatigue, duration of illness (r=0.11; p=0.43), age (r=0.00; p=0.99), and UPDRS-III (r=0.20; p=0.16). Conclusions: Fatigue is a highly prevalent and independent symptom of PD. There is no correlation between age, mean duration of disease, motor impairment, and its presence. It has a negative impact on quality of life.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-13
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1980-5764
ISSN	1980-5764
DOI	10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2021-0083
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Building Strength

Telma João Santos

Diacrítica, Vol 33, Iss

2019 Volume 1

Abstract: This paper presents a performance art piece, Building Strength, as a case study for a relational model in performing arts, especially in performance art. I proposed this model several years ago e already presented some applications as well as some ... ...

Abstract	This paper presents a performance art piece, Building Strength, as a case study for a relational model in performing arts, especially in performance art. I proposed this model several years ago e already presented some applications as well as some reformulations. Here, it was not used to construct a performance art piece, but it is reformulated as a model used for me to relate with my own artistic practice, as usually done with another artists’ work.
Keywords	performance art ; case study ; intersectionality ; relational model ; History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ; AZ20-999 ; Philology. Linguistics ; P1-1091 ; Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar ; P101-410
Language	Portuguese
Publishing date	2019-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universidade do Minho
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Building Strength

Telma João Santos

Diacrítica, Vol 33, Iss

a methodological approach in performance art context

2019 Volume 1

Abstract: This paper presents a performance art piece, Building Strength, as a case study for a relational model in performance art. This model was proposed some years ago within my artistic practice and also to connect with other artists’ practices. In this paper, ...

Abstract	This paper presents a performance art piece, Building Strength, as a case study for a relational model in performance art. This model was proposed some years ago within my artistic practice and also to connect with other artists’ practices. In this paper, the model, instead of being used to create a performance art piece, is proposed as a research tool to connect with my Building Strength as a researcher.
Keywords	Performance art ; Case study ; Intersectionality ; Relational model ; History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ; AZ20-999 ; Philology. Linguistics ; P1-1091 ; Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar ; P101-410
Language	Portuguese
Publishing date	2019-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universidade do Minho
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The science behind beverage flavors

João Santos Maria / Mota João / Correia Elisete / Vilela Alice

BIO Web of Conferences, Vol 68, p

The role of pH and amylase enzyme in the human mouth

2023 Volume 02003

Abstract: The chemical composition of alcoholic beverages plays a crucial role in their flavor, and the interaction with the chemistry of the mouth, particularly saliva, further shapes the sensory experience. Saliva's pH and enzyme activity can affect the chemical ...

Abstract	The chemical composition of alcoholic beverages plays a crucial role in their flavor, and the interaction with the chemistry of the mouth, particularly saliva, further shapes the sensory experience. Saliva's pH and enzyme activity can affect the chemical balance of the drink, and therefore, the taste and aroma perceived by the taster. This study examined the influence of saliva on the pH and α-amylase activity of alcoholic beverages, through a potentiometer and enzymatic kits respectively, and how this affected their sensory profile, through the performance of a Descriptive Analysis (DA) sensory test. The results showed that the pH values of the drinks were altered after contact with saliva, with brandies showing an increase in pH and wines showing a decrease. Additionally, the α-amylase activity was found to be influenced by the presence of acids, ethanol, and tannins in the drink. These observations suggest that the chemical composition of the drink and the saliva can impact the sensory experience. Further studies can help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this interaction and how it varies across different types of beverages and individuals through sensitive enzyme kits.
Keywords	Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Physiology ; QP1-981 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Role of local communities in the social network of the protected area management

Joana Pereira / Maria João Santos / Luís Miguel Rosalino

Conservation Science and Practice, Vol 4, Iss 5, Pp n/a-n/a (2022)

2022

Abstract: Abstract Biodiversity conservation traditionally necessitates setting aside land, which frequently impacts local communities. Although progress has been made on how to optimize this process, conflict frequently emerges when conservation and community ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Biodiversity conservation traditionally necessitates setting aside land, which frequently impacts local communities. Although progress has been made on how to optimize this process, conflict frequently emerges when conservation and community goals are at odds. Improving communication and community inclusiveness in decision‐making processes is strongly recommended to achieve livelihood goals and conservation outcomes. We used social network analysis to understand how local communities are embedded within the structure and dynamics of stakeholder interactions in Quirimbas National Park (Mozambique). We detected a network of limited cooperation that lacks bidirectional communication, displaying low average knowledge transfer but high bonding across stakeholder groups with similar perceptions. Local communities only interact with the district government and they have a passive voice in the system. A more inclusive network structure is needed so that conservation and community livelihood goals can be achieved.
Keywords	collaborative governance ; exponential random graph models ; Mozambique ; perceptions ; protected area ; stakeholders ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5 ; General. Including nature conservation ; geographical distribution ; QH1-199.5
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Characterisation of Contemporary Slavery through the Analysis of Accommodation Conditions

Gairo Garreto / João Santos Baptista / Antônia Mota

Social Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 214, p

2022 Volume 214

Abstract: Slave labour or work in conditions analogous to slavery continues on all continents and sometimes tends to be mistaken for “simple” violations of labour laws. Therefore, this work aims to identify parameters that allow distinguishing between situations ... ...

Abstract	Slave labour or work in conditions analogous to slavery continues on all continents and sometimes tends to be mistaken for “simple” violations of labour laws. Therefore, this work aims to identify parameters that allow distinguishing between situations of non-compliance with labour legislation and modern rural slavery in Brazil through the analysis of accommodation conditions. To achieve this objective, a bibliographic research was developed in six databases on sanitary, accommodation and clothing issues of enslaved workers in the 19th century in Brazil. The resulting data were compared with data from a sample of 392 proven cases of neoslavery detected between 2007 and 2017 in Brazil. The analysis focused on the general conditions of the physical structures necessary to protect workers against bad weather, animal attacks, violence, sanitary conditions to support physiological and asepsis needs, as well as the clothing provided and used. Similarities were found in the accommodation conditions between enslaved and neoenslaved workers in Brazil between the 19th and 21st centuries. The availability of sanitary conditions (toilets), rest (bedrooms/dormitories), and the general housing structure are very similar. Future research may point towards identifying other parameters and developing a tool to help authorities unequivocally identify neoslavery situations.
Keywords	neoslavery ; modern slavery ; forced labour ; housing ; occupational safety and health (OSH) ; human rights ; Social Sciences ; H
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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