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  1. Article ; Online: Investigation of a herpesvirus outbreak in mixed breeds of adult domestic ducks using next generation sequencing.

    Hassan Abu Damir / Waqar Ahmad / Neena G Panicker / Layla I Mohamed / Elhag A Omer / Jörg Kinne / Ulrich Wernery / Abdu Adem / Mahmoud A Ali / Farah Mustafa

    PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 1, p e

    2023  Volume 0280923

    Abstract: This report characterizes the first lethal outbreak of Marek's disease on a large farm of mixed-breed adult ducks (>18,000) and identifies the pathogen that resulted in high mortality (35%). Clinical signs included inappetence, respiratory distress, ... ...

    Abstract This report characterizes the first lethal outbreak of Marek's disease on a large farm of mixed-breed adult ducks (>18,000) and identifies the pathogen that resulted in high mortality (35%). Clinical signs included inappetence, respiratory distress, depression, muscle weakness, and ataxia. Post mortem revealed enlarged fragile liver mottled with miliary whitish spots and an enlarged spleen. Histopathology revealed hepatocellular necrosis with eosinophilic intra-nuclear inclusion bodies, necrosis of splenic follicles and degeneration/necrosis of renal tubules. The disease was tentatively diagnosed as a herpesvirus infection, confirmed by virus isolation from the liver. DNA was isolated from 15-year-old archival formalin-fixed tissues from infected ducks and subjected to next generation sequencing (NGS). Despite highly degraded DNA, short stretches of G- and C-rich repeats (TTAGGG and TAACCC) were identified as telomeric repeats frequently found in herpesviruses. Megablast and further investigative bioinformatics identified presence of Marek's disease virus (MDV), a Gallid alphaherpesvirus type 2 (GAHV-2), as the cause of the acute fatal infection. The source of infection may be attributed to a dead migratory flamingo found close to the duck enclosures three days prior to the outbreak; hence, GAHV-2 may also be responsible for the fatal infection of the flamingo accentuated by heat stress. Considering the possible spread of this highly contagious and lethal virus from a flamingo to the ducks, and the increasing zoonosis of animal viruses into humans, such as monkey B alphaherpesvirus transmission from macaques to humans with ~80% fatality, this observation has important ramifications for human health and safety of the poultry industry.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Gametogony of Eimeria cameli in the small intestine of one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius)

    Dubey, Jitender P / Rolf K. Schuster / Joerg Kinne

    Parasitology research. 2018 Nov., v. 117, no. 11

    2018  

    Abstract: Domesticated Old World camels (Camelus dromedarius and Camelus bactrianus) are important for the economy of several countries in Asia, Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula, and coccidiosis is an important disease in camels. There is confusion concerning the ...

    Abstract Domesticated Old World camels (Camelus dromedarius and Camelus bactrianus) are important for the economy of several countries in Asia, Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula, and coccidiosis is an important disease in camels. There is confusion concerning the species of coccidian parasites in camels and their life cycles. Although five species of Eimeria (E. cameli, E. rajasthani, E. dromedarii, E. bactriani, and E. pellerdyi) were named from camels, E. cameli is considered the most pathogenic. Here, development of gametogonic stages and oocysts of E. cameli are described in the lamina propria of the small intestines of naturally infected camels. Only sexual stages have been confirmed.
    Keywords Camelus bactrianus ; Camelus dromedarius ; Eimeria ; camels ; coccidiosis ; oocysts ; parasites ; small intestine ; Africa ; West Asia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-11
    Size p. 3633-3638.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 284966-5
    ISSN 1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    ISSN (online) 1432-1955
    ISSN 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    DOI 10.1007/s00436-018-6064-7
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Life cycle and morphology of development stages of Physocephalus dromedarii (Nematoda

    Rolf Karl Schuster / Saritha Sivakumar / Jörg Kinne

    Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, Vol 6, Iss 10, Pp 825-

    Spirocercidae)

    2016  Volume 829

    Abstract: Objective: To study the development of Physocephalus dromedarii (P. dromedarii) in the final host. Methods: For this, 5 adult dromedaries were orally infected with third larval stages of P. dromedarii obtained from naturally infected scarab beetles ( ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To study the development of Physocephalus dromedarii (P. dromedarii) in the final host. Methods: For this, 5 adult dromedaries were orally infected with third larval stages of P. dromedarii obtained from naturally infected scarab beetles (Scarabaeus cristatus). The camels were necropsied 14, 42, 70, 84 and 280 days after infection and their abomasi were examined for the presence of nematodes. Results: Early 4th stage larva occurred already 2 weeks after infection. They were still in the sheet of the 3rd stage larva. Six weeks after infection, the nematodes became juvenile male and female adults measuring 9 and 10 mm, respectively. Their size doubled at 10 weeks post infection and patency was reached at 12 weeks. P. dromedarii was still present in the camel that was examined 40 weeks after infection. Conclusions: As a result of experimental infection of the natural host, the determined prepatent period of P. dromedarii equalled 12 weeks.
    Keywords Physocephalus dromedarii ; Nematoda ; Life cycle ; Dromedary ; Abomasum ; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Genotyping of Burkholderia mallei from an outbreak of glanders in Bahrain suggests multiple introduction events.

    Holger C Scholz / Talima Pearson / Heidie Hornstra / Michaela Projahn / Rahime Terzioglu / Renate Wernery / Enrico Georgi / Julia M Riehm / David M Wagner / Paul S Keim / Marina Joseph / Bobby Johnson / Joerg Kinne / Shanti Jose / Crystal M Hepp / Angela Witte / Ulrich Wernery

    PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 9, p e

    2014  Volume 3195

    Abstract: Background Glanders, caused by the gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia mallei, is a highly infectious zoonotic disease of solipeds causing severe disease in animals and men. Although eradicated from many Western countries, it recently emerged in Asia, ... ...

    Abstract Background Glanders, caused by the gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia mallei, is a highly infectious zoonotic disease of solipeds causing severe disease in animals and men. Although eradicated from many Western countries, it recently emerged in Asia, the Middle-East, Africa, and South America. Due to its rareness, little is known about outbreak dynamics of the disease and its epidemiology. Methodology/principal findings We investigated a recent outbreak of glanders in Bahrain by applying high resolution genotyping (multiple locus variable number of tandem repeats, MLVA) and comparative whole genome sequencing to B. mallei isolated from infected horses and a camel. These results were compared to samples obtained from an outbreak in the United Arab Emirates in 2004, and further placed into a broader phylogeographic context based on previously published B. mallei data. The samples from the outbreak in Bahrain separated into two distinct clusters, suggesting a complex epidemiological background and evidence for the involvement of multiple B. mallei strains. Additionally, the samples from Bahrain were more closely related to B. mallei isolated from horses in the United Arab Emirates in 2004 than other B. mallei which is suggestive of repeated importation to the region from similar geographic sources. Conclusion/significance High-resolution genotyping and comparative whole genome analysis revealed the same phylogenetic patterns among our samples. The close relationship of the Dubai/UAE B. mallei populations to each other may be indicative of a similar geographic origin that has yet to be identified for the infecting strains. The recent emergence of glanders in combination with worldwide horse trading might pose a new risk for human infections.
    Keywords Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Natural Burkholderia mallei Infection in Dromedary, Bahrain

    Ulrich Wernery / Renate Wernery / Marina Joseph / Fajer Al-Salloom / Bobby Johnson / Joerg Kinne / Shanti Jose / Sherry Jose / Britta Tappendorf / Heidie Hornstra / Holger Scholz

    Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 17, Iss 7, Pp 1277-

    2011  Volume 1279

    Abstract: We confirm a natural infection of dromedaries with glanders. Multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis of a Burkholderia mallei strain isolated from a diseased dromedary in Bahrain revealed close genetic proximity to strain Dubai 7, which caused ... ...

    Abstract We confirm a natural infection of dromedaries with glanders. Multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis of a Burkholderia mallei strain isolated from a diseased dromedary in Bahrain revealed close genetic proximity to strain Dubai 7, which caused an outbreak of glanders in horses in the United Arab Emirates in 2004.
    Keywords bacteria ; Burkholderia mallei ; glanders ; Bahrain ; camel ; dromedary ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Primordial germ cell-mediated chimera technology produces viable pure-line Houbara bustard offspring

    Ulrich Wernery / Chunhai Liu / Vijay Baskar / Zhor Guerineche / Kamal A Khazanehdari / Shazia Saleem / Jörg Kinne / Renate Wernery / Darren K Griffin / Il-Kuk Chang

    PLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 12, p e

    potential for repopulating an endangered species.

    2010  Volume 15824

    Abstract: The Houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulata) is a wild seasonal breeding bird populating arid sandy semi-desert habitats in North Africa and the Middle East. Its population has declined drastically during the last two decades and it is classified as ... ...

    Abstract The Houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulata) is a wild seasonal breeding bird populating arid sandy semi-desert habitats in North Africa and the Middle East. Its population has declined drastically during the last two decades and it is classified as vulnerable. Captive breeding programmes have, hitherto, been unsuccessful in reviving population numbers and thus radical technological solutions are essential for the long term survival of this species. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of primordial germ cell-mediated chimera technology to produce viable Houbara bustard offspring.Embryonic gonadal tissue was dissected from Houbara bustard embryos at eight days post-incubation. Subsequently, Houbara tissue containing gonadal primordial germ cells (gPGCs) was injected into White Leghorn chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) embryos, producing 83/138 surviving male chimeric embryos, of which 35 chimeric roosters reached sexual maturity after 5 months. The incorporation and differentiation of Houbara gPGCs in chimeric chicken testis were assessed by PCR with Houbara-specific primers and 31.3% (5/16) gonads collected from the injected chicken embryos showed the presence of donor Houbara cells. A total of 302 semen samples from 34 chimeric roosters were analyzed and eight were confirmed as germline chimeras. Semen samples from these eight roosters were used to artificially inseminate three female Houbara bustards. Subsequently, 45 Houbara eggs were obtained and incubated, two of which were fertile. One egg hatched as a male live born Houbara; the other was female but died before hatching. Genotyping confirmed that the male chick was a pure-line Houbara derived from a chimeric rooster.This study demonstrates for the first time that Houbara gPGCs can migrate, differentiate and eventually give rise to functional sperm in the chimeric chicken testis. This approach may provide a promising tool for propagation and conservation of endangered avian species that cannot breed in captivity.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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