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Article ; Online: Memory for Social Sustainability

Fatmaelzahraa Hussein / John Stephens / Reena Tiwari

Sustainability, Vol 12, Iss 8141, p

Recalling Cultural Memories in Zanqit Alsitat Historical Street Market, Alexandria, Egypt

2020 Volume 8141

Abstract: Historic urban landscapes (HULs) are composed of layers of imbedded tangible and intangible features such as cultural memories. As the collective memories of city inhabitants, cultural memories can affect elements of social sustainability such as health, ...

Abstract	Historic urban landscapes (HULs) are composed of layers of imbedded tangible and intangible features such as cultural memories. As the collective memories of city inhabitants, cultural memories can affect elements of social sustainability such as health, well-being, community identity, place perception and social engagement. Utilising the popular Zanqit Alsitat (also known as ‘Zanket el-Setat’ or ‘Zane’t El-Settat’), the only remaining historical street market in Alexandria, Northern Egypt, this research proposes a theoretical model for recalling and continuity of cultural memory features in HULs, which can be used to achieve social sustainability. The research explored the site by applying a qualitative methodological approach through semi-structured in-person interviews in the study site, along with analysis of comments obtained from a research-purposed social media (Facebook) group. A qualitative data management software (NVivo12 programme) was utilized for interpretation and charting the features of stored cultural memories relating to this place. The study indicates that educing and maintaining the features of cultural memory in HULs contributes to social sustainability through its influence on the formation of place identity, sense of place, civic pride and quality of life. This framework for social sustainability in HULs can be applied by engaging social groups through participatory planning.
Keywords	historic urban landscapes ; participatory planning ; place identity ; quality of life ; sense of place ; social sustainability ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cultural Memories for Better Place Experience

Fatmaelzahraa Hussein / John Stephens / Reena Tiwari

Urban Science, Vol 4, Iss 1, p

The Case of Orabi Square in Alexandria, Egypt

2020 Volume 7

Abstract: Globalization is associated with significant transformations in city forms and cultural and social performances. Governments and cultural heritage organisations increasingly appreciate the importance of preserving diverse physical cultural heritage ... ...

Abstract	Globalization is associated with significant transformations in city forms and cultural and social performances. Governments and cultural heritage organisations increasingly appreciate the importance of preserving diverse physical cultural heritage through rehabilitation and the implementation of conservation plans. Nevertheless, there is a need to evaluate whether these plans understand the importance of cultural memory in societies, as well as how it affects the human psyche. Utilizing Orabi Square, which is one of the richest Historic Urban Landscapes (HUL) in the metropolitan city of Alexandria in Egypt, this study aims to answer the question; to what extent does Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) management present a situation that maintains cultural memory and achieve psychosocial well-being? The research explored the site’s old and new conditions and place experience, applying a qualitative approach through onsite face-to-face semi-structured interviews combined with data from a Facebook group—Alexandria’s Spirit. The QSR Nvivo12 analysis program was used for the data interpretation and for charting the intangible values accompanying cultural memory such as emotions and behaviour. The study indicated that cultural memory is an affective catalyst for emotional attachment to place and is an important factor informing sense of place. Based on our study, inclusion of cultural memories should be an integral element in the future management plans of Orabi Square to enhance place experience and psychosocial well-being.
Keywords	cultural memory ; historic urban landscapes ; sense of place ; psychosocial well-being ; Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ; G ; Social Sciences ; H
Subject code	710
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Grounded Theory as an Approach for Exploring the Effect of Cultural Memory on Psychosocial Well-Being in Historic Urban Landscapes

Fatmaelzahraa Hussein / John Stephens / Reena Tiwari

Social Sciences, Vol 9, Iss 219, p

2020 Volume 219

Abstract: Although grounded theory (GT) has emerged as a popular research approach across multiple areas of social science, it has been less widely taken up by researchers working in the fields of urban planning and design. The application of GT enables uniquely ... ...

Abstract	Although grounded theory (GT) has emerged as a popular research approach across multiple areas of social science, it has been less widely taken up by researchers working in the fields of urban planning and design. The application of GT enables uniquely innovative insights to be gained from qualitative data, but it has attracted criticism and brings its own challenges. This paper proposes a methodology that could be applied by other researchers in the field of urban research. Utilising constructivist GT as a qualitative approach, this research investigates how cultural memory impacts the psychosocial well-being and quality of life (QoL) of users of, and visitors to, historic urban landscapes (HULs). Based on the findings, it can be posited that the application of GT yields a rich and nuanced understanding of how users of HULs experience the settings in which they live, and the impact and significance on human psychosocial well-being of the cultural memories incarnated within such settings. The current paper also contends that GT enables researchers studying the built environment to construct inductively based theories. Lastly, the practical implications of developing GT for application to HUL management are discussed, both in regard to how users experience the contexts in which they live and the impact of such contexts on well-being and quality of life.
Keywords	Alexandria ; constructivist grounded theory ; historic urban landscapes ; qualitative research ; quality of life ; Social Sciences ; H
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Tuberculosis, human rights, and law reform

Matthew M Kavanagh / Lawrence O Gostin / John Stephens

PLoS Medicine, Vol 17, Iss 10, p e

Addressing the lack of progress in the global tuberculosis response.

2020 Volume 1003324

Abstract: Mathew Kavanagh and co-authors discuss law reform in the global tuberculosis response. ...

Abstract	Mathew Kavanagh and co-authors discuss law reform in the global tuberculosis response.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Towards Psychosocial Well-Being in Historic Urban Landscapes

Fatmaelzahraa Hussein / John Stephens / Reena Tiwari

Urban Science, Vol 4, Iss 59, p

The Contribution of Cultural Memory

2020 Volume 59

Abstract: A crucial element in the human search for well-being is achieving a sense of identity within, and belonging to, the landscape in which we live. Landscape should be understood as not only the visible environment but the affective values we attach to it ... ...

Abstract	A crucial element in the human search for well-being is achieving a sense of identity within, and belonging to, the landscape in which we live. Landscape should be understood as not only the visible environment but the affective values we attach to it and how we shape it in our mind’s eye. These inner reflections of our landscapes constitute one of our richest archives, in particular, in terms of creating and passing down to future generations our cultural memories. The current paper is a review of literature on the concepts of urban heritage conservation, and, in particular, the development of the historic urban landscape (HUL) approach, with reference to the role and contribution of cultural memory and its presence in the urban landscape. We also investigate how the notions of place attachment and identity interrelate with cultural memory to elucidate how such interrelations can contribute to human psychosocial well-being and quality of life (QOL). This review points to the neglected role of cultural memory in the maintenance of psychosocial well-being in HULs, a topic which requires further research to deepen our understanding about its importance in urban environments.
Keywords	place attachment ; place identity ; quality of life ; sense of place ; urban conservation ; Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ; G ; Social Sciences ; H
Subject code	710
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cultural Memories and Sense of Place in Historic Urban Landscapes

Fatmaelzahraa Hussein / John Stephens / Reena Tiwari

Land, Vol 9, Iss 264, p

The Case of Masrah Al Salam, the Demolished Theatre Context in Alexandria, Egypt

2020 Volume 264

Abstract: Historic urban landscapes (HULs) are composed of layers of history and memories that are embedded in physical monuments, buildings, and memorials. Physical built fabric stores both personal and cultural memory through long association with communities. ... ...

Abstract	Historic urban landscapes (HULs) are composed of layers of history and memories that are embedded in physical monuments, buildings, and memorials. Physical built fabric stores both personal and cultural memory through long association with communities. Rapid changes due to demolition and redevelopment change the nature of these places and, in turn, affect these memory storages. This paper investigates whether historical city inhabitants consider cultural memories important when managing their HULs. It further explores the effectiveness of cultural memory in creating a sense of place and enhancing the quality of life for inhabitants. The context of the demolished theatre ‘Masrah Al Salam’ in Alexandria, Egypt, was studied after city inhabitants angrily protested the theatre’s removal, indicating a strong community attachment to this lost place. A qualitative methodological approach to this study was applied by conducting on-site, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews supplemented by comments gathered from the Facebook group ‘Alexandria’s Spirit’. The QSR NVivo12 program was used as a qualitative tool for data management, analysis, and mapping intangible elements contributing to an assembly of cultural memories of this place. The study demonstrated the importance of cultural memory associated with urban elements such as iconic heritage buildings that create a sense of place and enhance the identity of our urban environments.
Keywords	cultural memories ; historic urban landscapes ; place attachment ; quality of life ; sense of place ; Agriculture ; S
Subject code	710
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Stock-outs of antiretroviral and tuberculosis medicines in South Africa

Bella Hwang / Amir Shroufi / Tinne Gils / Sarah Jane Steele / Anna Grimsrud / Andrew Boulle / Anele Yawa / Sasha Stevenson / Lauren Jankelowitz / Marije Versteeg-Mojanaga / Indira Govender / John Stephens / Julia Hill / Kristal Duncan / Gilles van Cutsem

PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 3, p e

A national cross-sectional survey.

2019 Volume 0212405

Abstract: Background HIV and TB programs have rapidly scaled-up over the past decade in Sub-Saharan Africa and uninterrupted supplies of those medicines are critical to their success. However, estimates of stock-outs are largely unknown. This survey aimed to ... ...

Abstract	Background HIV and TB programs have rapidly scaled-up over the past decade in Sub-Saharan Africa and uninterrupted supplies of those medicines are critical to their success. However, estimates of stock-outs are largely unknown. This survey aimed to estimate the extent of stock-outs of antiretroviral and TB medicines in public health facilities across South Africa, which has the world's largest antiretroviral treatment (ART) program and a rising multidrug-resistant TB epidemic. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional telephonic survey (October-December 2015) of public health facilities. Facilities were asked about the prevalence of stock-outs on the day of the survey and in the preceding three months, their duration and impact. Results Nationwide, of 3547 eligible health facilities, 79% (2804) could be reached telephonically. 88% (2463) participated and 4% (93) were excluded as they did not provide ART or TB treatment. Of the 2370 included facilities, 20% (485) reported a stock-out of at least 1 ARV and/or TB-related medicine on the day of contact and 36% (864) during the three months prior to contact, ranging from 74% (163/220) of health facilities in Mpumalanga to 12% (32/261) in the Western Cape province. These 864 facilities reported 1475 individual stock-outs, with one to fourteen different medicines out of stock per facility. Information on impact was provided in 98% (1449/1475) of stock-outs: 25% (366) resulted in a high impact outcome, where patients left the facility without medicine or were provided with an incomplete regimen. Of the 757 stock-outs that were resolved 70% (527) lasted longer than one month. Interpretation There was a high prevalence of stock-outs nationwide. Large interprovincial differences in stock-out occurrence, duration, and impact suggest differences in provincial ability to prevent, mitigate and cope within the same framework. End-user monitoring of the supply chain by patients and civil society has the potential to increase transparency and complement public sector monitoring ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	306
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Correction

Pablo Serret / Carol Robinson / María Aranguren-Gassis / Enma Elena García-Martín / Niki Gist / Vassilis Kitidis / José Lozano / John Stephens / Carolyn Harris / Rob Thomas

Nature Communications, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

Corrigendum: Both respiration and photosynthesis determine the scaling of plankton metabolism in the oligotrophic ocean

2016 Volume 1

Abstract: Nature Communications 6:6961 doi: (2015); Published 24 April 2015; Updated 15 June 2016 The original version of this Article failed to fully credit the use of the Ocean Data View software in figure 3, which appears below: Schlitzer, R., Ocean Data View, ... ...

Abstract	Nature Communications 6:6961 doi: (2015); Published 24 April 2015; Updated 15 June 2016 The original version of this Article failed to fully credit the use of the Ocean Data View software in figure 3, which appears below: Schlitzer, R., Ocean Data View, http://odv.awi.de, 2016.
Keywords	Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: A synthesis of the environmental response of the North and South Atlantic Sub-Tropical Gyres during two decades of AMT

Aiken, Jim / Ben Loveday / Francois Dufois / Giorgio Dall’Olmo / John Stephens / Luca Polimene / Nick J. Hardman-Mountford / Robert J.W. Brewin / Silvana Mallor Hoya / Takafumi Hirata / Thomas Jackson

Progress in oceanography. 2017 Nov., v. 158

2017

Abstract: Anthropogenically-induced global warming is expected to decrease primary productivity in the subtropical oceans by strengthening stratification of the water column and reducing the flux of nutrients from deep-waters to the sunlit surface layers. ... ...

Abstract	Anthropogenically-induced global warming is expected to decrease primary productivity in the subtropical oceans by strengthening stratification of the water column and reducing the flux of nutrients from deep-waters to the sunlit surface layers. Identification of such changes is hindered by a paucity of long-term, spatially-resolved, biological time-series data at the basin scale. This paper exploits Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) data on physical and biogeochemical properties (1995–2014) in synergy with a wide range of remote-sensing (RS) observations from ocean colour, Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) and altimetry (surface currents), combined with different modelling approaches (both empirical and a coupled 1-D Ecosystem model), to produce a synthesis of the seasonal functioning of the North and South Atlantic Sub-Tropical Gyres (STGs), and assess their response to longer-term changes in climate. We explore definitive characteristics of the STGs using data of physical (SST, SSS and peripheral current systems) and biogeochemical variables (chlorophyll and nitrate), with inherent criteria (permanent thermal stratification and oligotrophy), and define the gyre boundary from a sharp gradient in these physical and biogeochemical properties. From RS data, the seasonal cycles for the period 1998–2012 show significant relationships between physical properties (SST and PAR) and gyre area. In contrast to expectations, the surface layer chlorophyll concentration from RS data (CHL) shows an upward trend for the mean values in both subtropical gyres. Furthermore, trends in physical properties (SST, PAR, gyre area) differ between the North and South STGs, suggesting the processes responsible for an upward trend in CHL may vary between gyres. There are significant anomalies in CHL and SST that are associated with El Niño events. These conclusions are drawn cautiously considering the short length of the time-series (1998–2012), emphasising the need to sustain spatially-extensive surveys such as AMT and integrate such observations with models, autonomous observations and RS data, to help address fundamental questions about how our planet is responding to climate change. A small number of dedicated AMT cruises in the keystone months of January and July would complement our understanding of seasonal cycles in the STGs.
Keywords	basins ; chlorophyll ; color ; ecosystems ; El Nino ; global warming ; models ; nitrates ; nutrients ; oceans ; photosynthetically active radiation ; primary productivity ; remote sensing ; salinity ; seasonal variation ; surface water temperature ; surveys ; temperature profiles ; time series analysis
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-11
Size	p. 236-254.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ISSN	0079-6611
DOI	10.1016/j.pocean.2016.08.004
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Determining Atlantic Ocean province contrasts and variations

Smyth, Tim / Andrew Rees / Carolyn Harris / Chris Gallienne / Denise Cummings / Glen Tarran / Graham Quartly / John Stephens / Malcolm Woodward / Mike Zubkov / Rob Thomas / Robert Brewin / Ruth Airs / Thomas Jackson / Vassilis Kitidis

Progress in oceanography. 2017 Nov., v. 158

2017

Abstract: The Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) series of twenty-five cruises over the past twenty years has produced a rich depth-resolved biogeochemical in situ data resource consisting of a wealth of core variables. These multiple core datasets, key to the ... ...

Abstract	The Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) series of twenty-five cruises over the past twenty years has produced a rich depth-resolved biogeochemical in situ data resource consisting of a wealth of core variables. These multiple core datasets, key to the operation of AMT, such as temperature, salinity, oxygen and inorganic nutrients, are often only used as ancillary measurements for contextualising hypothesis-driven process studies. In this paper these core in situ variables, alongside data drawn from satellite Earth Observation (EO) and modelling, have been analysed to determine characteristic oceanic province variations encountered over the last twenty years on the AMT through the Atlantic Ocean. The EO and modelling analysis shows the variations of key environmental variables in each province, such as surface currents, the net heat flux and subsequent large scale biological responses, such as primary production. The in situ core dataset analysis allows the variation in features such as the tropical oxygen minimum zone to be quantified as well as showing clear contrasts between the provinces in nutrient stoichiometry. Such observations and relationships can be used within basin scale biogeochemical models to set realistic variation ranges.
Keywords	basins ; data collection ; environmental factors ; heat transfer ; models ; nutrients ; oxygen ; primary productivity ; salinity ; satellites ; stoichiometry ; temperature ; Atlantic Ocean
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-11
Size	p. 19-40.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ISSN	0079-6611
DOI	10.1016/j.pocean.2016.12.004
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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