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Article ; Online: A case of Cotard’s syndrome presenting with oral manifestations

Faye E Henesy / John V Williams / Kenneth G Corsar

Advances in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol 5, Iss , Pp 100203- (2022)

2022

Keywords	Cotard's syndrome ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Surgery ; RD1-811
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Reining in the CD8+ T cell

Meredith C Rogers / John V Williams

PLoS Pathogens, Vol 15, Iss 1, p e

Respiratory virus infection and PD-1-mediated T-cell impairment.

2019 Volume 1007387

Keywords	Immunologic diseases. Allergy ; RC581-607 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A molecular signature of lung-resident CD8+ T cells elicited by subunit vaccination

Naveenchandra Suryadevara / Amrendra Kumar / Xiang Ye / Meredith Rogers / John V. Williams / John T. Wilson / John Karijolich / Sebastian Joyce

Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 17

Abstract: Abstract Natural infection as well as vaccination with live or attenuated viruses elicit tissue resident, CD8+ memory T cell (Trm) response. Trm cells so elicited act quickly upon reencounter with the priming agent to protect the host. These Trm cells ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Natural infection as well as vaccination with live or attenuated viruses elicit tissue resident, CD8+ memory T cell (Trm) response. Trm cells so elicited act quickly upon reencounter with the priming agent to protect the host. These Trm cells express a unique molecular signature driven by the master regulators—Runx3 and Hobit. We previously reported that intranasal instillation of a subunit vaccine in a prime boost vaccination regimen installed quick-acting, CD8+ Trm cells in the lungs that protected against lethal vaccinia virus challenge. It remains unexplored whether CD8+ Trm responses so elicited are driven by a similar molecular signature as those elicited by microbes in a real infection or by live, attenuated pathogens in conventional vaccination. We found that distinct molecular signatures distinguished subunit vaccine-elicited lung interstitial CD8+ Trm cells from subunit vaccine-elicited CD8+ effector memory and splenic memory T cells. Nonetheless, the transcriptome signature of subunit vaccine elicited CD8+ Trm resembled those elicited by virus infection or vaccination. Clues to the basis of tissue residence and function of vaccine specific CD8+ Trm cells were found in transcripts that code for chemokines and chemokine receptors, purinergic receptors, and adhesins when compared to CD8+ effector and splenic memory T cells. Our findings inform the utility of protein-based subunit vaccination for installing CD8+ Trm cells in the lungs to protect against respiratory infectious diseases that plague humankind.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Can a Two-Dose Influenza Vaccine Regimen Better Protect Older Adults? An Agent-Based Modeling Study

Katherine V. Williams / Mary G. Krauland / Lee H. Harrison / John V. Williams / Mark S. Roberts / Richard K. Zimmerman

Vaccines, Vol 10, Iss 1799, p

2022 Volume 1799

Abstract: Older adults (age ≥ 65) are at high risk of influenza morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the impact of a hypothetical two-dose influenza vaccine regimen per season to reduce symptomatic flu cases by providing preseason (first dose) and mid- ... ...

Abstract	Older adults (age ≥ 65) are at high risk of influenza morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the impact of a hypothetical two-dose influenza vaccine regimen per season to reduce symptomatic flu cases by providing preseason (first dose) and mid-season (second dose) protection to offset waning vaccine effectiveness (VE). The Framework for Reconstructing Epidemiological Dynamics (FRED), an agent-based modeling platform, was used to compare typical one-dose vaccination to a two-dose vaccination strategy. Primary models incorporated waning VE of 10% per month and varied influenza season timing (December through March) to estimate cases and hospitalizations in older adults. Additional scenarios modeled reductions in uptake and VE of the second dose, and overall waning. In seasons with later peaks, two vaccine doses had the largest potential to reduce cases (14.4% with February peak, 18.7% with March peak) and hospitalizations (13.1% with February peak, 16.8% with March peak). Reductions in cases and hospitalizations still resulted but decreased when 30% of individuals failed to receive a second dose, second dose VE was reduced, or overall waning was reduced to 7% per month. Agent-based modeling indicates that two influenza vaccine doses could decrease cases and hospitalizations in older individuals. The highest impact occurred in the more frequently observed late-peak seasons. The beneficial impact of the two-dose regimen persisted despite model scenarios of reduced uptake of the second dose, decreased VE of the second dose, or overall VE waning.
Keywords	influenza ; vaccine ; adult ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination on blood and breastmilk antibodies.

Anne-Marie Rick / Anthony Lentscher / Lingqing Xu / Maris S Wilkins / Amro Nasser / Dylan J Tuttle / Christina Megli / Ernesto T A Marques / Anita K McElroy / John V Williams / Judith M Martin

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 6, p e

2023 Volume 0287103

Abstract: Maternal COVID-19 vaccination could protect infants who are ineligible for vaccine through antibody transfer during pregnancy and lactation. We measured the quantity and durability of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in human milk and infant blood before and after ... ...

Abstract	Maternal COVID-19 vaccination could protect infants who are ineligible for vaccine through antibody transfer during pregnancy and lactation. We measured the quantity and durability of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in human milk and infant blood before and after maternal booster vaccination. Prospective cohort of lactating women immunized with primary and booster COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy or lactation and their infants. Milk and blood samples from October 2021 to April 2022 were included. Anti-nucleoprotein (NP) and anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG and IgA in maternal milk and maternal and infant blood were measured and compared longitudinally after maternal booster vaccine. Forty-five lactating women and their infants provided samples. 58% of women were anti-NP negative and 42% were positive on their first blood sample prior to booster vaccine. Anti-RBD IgG and IgA in milk remained significantly increased through 120-170 days after booster vaccine and did not differ by maternal NP status. Anti-RBD IgG and IgA did not increase in infant blood after maternal booster. Of infants born to women vaccinated in pregnancy, 74% still had positive serum anti-RBD IgG measured on average 5 months after delivery. Infant to maternal IgG ratio was highest for infants exposed to maternal primary vaccine during the second trimester compared to third trimester (0.85 versus 0.29; p<0.001). Maternal COVID-19 primary and booster vaccine resulted in robust and long-lasting transplacental and milk antibodies. These antibodies may provide important protection against SARS-CoV-2 during the first six months of life.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610 ; 630
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Novel HLA-B7-restricted human metapneumovirus epitopes enhance viral clearance in mice and are recognized by human CD8+ T cells

Margot Miranda-Katz / John J. Erickson / Jie Lan / Alwyn Ecker / Yu Zhang / Sebastian Joyce / John V. Williams

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract illness in children and adults. Repeated infections are common and can be severe in young, elderly, and immunocompromised persons due to short-lived protective ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract illness in children and adults. Repeated infections are common and can be severe in young, elderly, and immunocompromised persons due to short-lived protective humoral immunity. In turn, few protective T cell epitopes have been identified in humans. Thus, we infected transgenic mice expressing the common human HLA MHC-I allele B*07:02 (HLA-B7) with HMPV and screened a robust library of overlapping and computationally predicted HLA-B7 binding peptides. Six HLA-B7-restricted CD8+ T cell epitopes were identified using ELISPOT screening in the F, M, and N proteins, with M195–203 (M195) eliciting the strongest responses. MHC-tetramer flow cytometric staining confirmed HLA-B7 epitope-specific CD8+ T cells migrated to lungs and spleen of HMPV-immune mice. Immunization with pooled HLA-B7-restricted peptides reduced viral titer and protected mice from virulent infection. Finally, we confirmed that CD8+ T cells from HLA-B7 positive humans also recognize the identified epitopes. These results enable identification of HMPV-specific CD8+ T cells in humans and help to inform future HMPV vaccine design.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Breaking In

John V. Williams / Reagan G. Cox

Viruses, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 192-

Human Metapneumovirus Fusion and Entry

2013 Volume 210

Abstract: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a leading cause of respiratory infection that causes upper airway and severe lower respiratory tract infections. HMPV infection is initiated by viral surface glycoproteins that attach to cellular receptors and mediate ... ...

Abstract	Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a leading cause of respiratory infection that causes upper airway and severe lower respiratory tract infections. HMPV infection is initiated by viral surface glycoproteins that attach to cellular receptors and mediate virus membrane fusion with cellular membranes. Most paramyxoviruses use two viral glycoproteins to facilitate virus entry—an attachment protein and a fusion (F) protein. However, membrane fusion for the human paramyxoviruses in the Pneumovirus subfamily, HMPV and respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), is unique in that the F protein drives fusion in the absence of a separate viral attachment protein. Thus, pneumovirus F proteins can perform the necessary functions for virus entry, i.e., attachment and fusion. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the understanding of how HMPV F mediates both attachment and fusion. We review the requirements for HMPV viral surface glycoproteins during entry and infection, and review the identification of cellular receptors for HMPV F. We also review our current understanding of how HMPV F mediates fusion, concentrating on structural regions of the protein that appear to be critical for membrane fusion activity. Finally, we illuminate key unanswered questions and suggest how further studies can elucidate how this clinically important paramyxovirus fusion protein may have evolved to initiate infection by a unique mechanism.
Keywords	metapneumovirus ; fusion protein ; paramyxovirus ; integrin ; Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Microbiology ; DOAJ:Biology ; DOAJ:Biology and Life Sciences
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: 10351 Antibiotic Use for Respiratory Syncytial Virus in the Middle East

Danielle A. Rankin / Nikhil K. Khankari / Zaid Haddadin / Olla Hamdan / Samir Faouri / Asem Shehabi / John V. Williams / Najwa Khuri-Bulos / Natasha B. Halasa

Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, Vol 5, Pp 28-

A Surveillance Study in Hospitalized Jordanian Children

2021 Volume 28

Abstract: ABSTRACT IMPACT: Antibiotic stewardship guidelines should consider the barriers clinicians in low- and middle-income countries face due to limited biomarkers for determining the etiologic pathogen for viral infections like respiratory syncytial virus ( ... ...

Abstract	ABSTRACT IMPACT: Antibiotic stewardship guidelines should consider the barriers clinicians in low- and middle-income countries face due to limited biomarkers for determining the etiologic pathogen for viral infections like respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) that have a similar presentation to bacterial infections. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: We aimed to evaluate antibiotic administration practices in children who were hospitalized at a government-run hospital in Amman, Jordan, where point-of-care testing is limited. We hypothesized those with RSV are more likely to be administered antibiotics during their hospitalization than children without RSV. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We conducted a cross-sectional cohort study in Jordanian children hospitalized with history of acute respiratory symptoms and/or fever from 2010 to 2013. Admitting diagnoses were dichotomized into suspected viral- (e.g., bronchiolitis) and bacterial-like infection (e.g., sepsis, pneumonia). Stratifying by sex, we performed a polytomous logistic regression adjusting for age, underlying medical condition, maternal education, and region of residence to estimate prevalence odds ratios (PORs) and 95% confidence intervals for macrolides, broad-, and narrow-spectrum antibiotics during hospitalization. Sensitivity and specificity of admission diagnoses and laboratory results were compared. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Children with a suspected viral-like admission diagnosis, compared to those with suspected bacterial-like, were 89% less likely to be administered a narrow-spectrum antibiotic (POR: 0.11; p<0.001). There were slight differences by sex with males having a lower prevalence than females of narrow-spectrum or broad-spectrum antibiotic administration; but they had a higher prevalence of macrolide administration. Overall, children with RSV had a 30% probability (sensitivity) of being assigned to a suspected viral infection; whereas RSV-negative children had an 85% probability (specificity) of being assigned to a suspected bacterial infection. ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Cambridge University Press
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Antibiotic use for respiratory syncytial virus in the Middle East

Danielle A Rankin / Nikhil K Khankari / Zaid Haddadin / Olla Hamdan / Ahmad Yanis / Samir Faouri / Asem Shehabi / John V Williams / Najwa Khuri-Bulos / Natasha B Halasa

PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11, p e

A surveillance study in hospitalized Jordanian children.

2021 Volume 0260473

Abstract: Introduction In developing countries where point-of-care testing is limited, providers rely on clinical judgement to discriminate between viral and bacterial respiratory infections. We performed a cross-sectional cohort study of hospitalized Jordanian ... ...

Abstract	Introduction In developing countries where point-of-care testing is limited, providers rely on clinical judgement to discriminate between viral and bacterial respiratory infections. We performed a cross-sectional cohort study of hospitalized Jordanian children to evaluate antibiotic use for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections. Materials and methods Admitting diagnoses from a prior viral surveillance cohort of hospitalized Jordanian children were dichotomized into suspected viral-like, non-pulmonary bacterial-like, and pulmonary bacterial-like infection. Stratifying by sex, we performed a polytomous logistic regression adjusting for age, underlying medical condition, maternal education, and region of residence to estimate prevalence odds ratios (PORs) for antibiotic use during hospitalization. Sensitivity and specificity of admission diagnoses and research laboratory results were compared. Results Children with a suspected viral-like admission diagnosis, compared to those with suspected non-pulmonary bacterial-like, were 88% and 86% less likely to be administered an empiric/first-line antibiotic (male, aPOR: 0.12; female, aPOR: 0.14; p-value = <0.001). There were slight differences by sex with males having a lower prevalence than females in being administered an expanded coverage antibiotic; but they had a higher prevalence of macrolide administration than males with non-pulmonary bacterial-like infection. Overall, children with RSV had a 34% probability (sensitivity) of being assigned to a suspected viral-like diagnosis; whereas RSV-negative children had a 76% probability (specificity) of being assigned to a suspected pulmonary bacterial-like diagnosis. Conclusions Hospitalized children with a suspected viral-like admission diagnosis were less likely to receive an empiric/first-line and expanded coverage antibiotic compared to suspected non-pulmonary and pulmonary infections; however, when evaluating the accuracy of admission diagnosis to RSV-laboratory results there were considerable ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Mycobacteriophage-Based Vaccine Platform

Krista G. Freeman / Katherine S. Wetzel / Yu Zhang / Kira M. Zack / Deborah Jacobs-Sera / Sara M. Walters / Dominique J. Barbeau / Anita K. McElroy / John V. Williams / Graham F. Hatfull

Microorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2414, p

SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Expression and Display

2021 Volume 2414

Abstract: The explosion of SARS-CoV-2 infections in 2020 prompted a flurry of activity in vaccine development and exploration of various vaccine platforms, some well-established and some new. Phage-based vaccines were described previously, and we explored the ... ...

Abstract	The explosion of SARS-CoV-2 infections in 2020 prompted a flurry of activity in vaccine development and exploration of various vaccine platforms, some well-established and some new. Phage-based vaccines were described previously, and we explored the possibility of using mycobacteriophages as a platform for displaying antigens of SARS-CoV-2 or other infectious agents. The potential advantages of using mycobacteriophages are that a large and diverse variety of them have been described and genomically characterized, engineering tools are available, and there is the capacity to display up to 700 antigen copies on a single particle approximately 100 nm in size. The phage body may itself be a good adjuvant, and the phages can be propagated easily, cheaply, and to high purity. Furthermore, the recent use of these phages therapeutically, including by intravenous administration, suggests an excellent safety profile, although efficacy can be restricted by neutralizing antibodies. We describe here the potent immunogenicity of mycobacteriophage Bxb1, and Bxb1 recombinants displaying SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein antigens.
Keywords	phage display vaccine ; mycobacteriophage ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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