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  1. Article ; Online: The association between HIV self-test awareness and recent HIV testing uptake in the male population in Gambia: data analysis from 2019-2020 demographic and health survey.

    Soe, Phyumar / Johnston, Lisa G / Makuza, Jean Damascene / Karim, Mohammad Ehsanul

    BMC infectious diseases

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 360

    Abstract: Background: The Gambian Ministry of Health is supportive of HIV self-testing (HIVST) and HIVST initiatives are being piloted as an additional strategy to increase HIV testing for individuals not currently reached by existing services, particularly men. ... ...

    Abstract Background: The Gambian Ministry of Health is supportive of HIV self-testing (HIVST) and HIVST initiatives are being piloted as an additional strategy to increase HIV testing for individuals not currently reached by existing services, particularly men. This study aimed to determine awareness of HIVST among Gambian men, and whether prior awareness of HIVST is associated with recent HIV testing uptake.
    Methods: We used men's cross-sectional data from the 2019-2020 Gambian Demographic and Health Survey. We employed design-adjusted multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between HIVST awareness and recent HIV testing. Propensity-score weighting was conducted as sensitivity analyses.
    Results: Of 3,308 Gambian men included in the study, 11% (372) were aware of HIVST and 16% (450) received HIV testing in the last 12 months. In the design-adjusted multivariable analysis, men who were aware of HIVST had 1.76 times (95% confidence interval: 1.26-2.45) the odds of having an HIV test in the last 12 months, compared to those who were not aware of HIVST. Sensitivity analyses revealed similar findings.
    Conclusion: Awareness of HIVST may help increase the uptake of HIV testing among men in Gambia. This finding highlights HIVST awareness-raising activities to be an important intervention for nationwide HIVST program planning and implementation in Gambia.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; HIV ; Gambia/epidemiology ; Self-Testing ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Homosexuality, Male ; HIV Testing ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Mass Screening ; Data Analysis ; Demography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041550-3
    ISSN 1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    ISSN 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-023-08254-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Innovative Strategies for Remotely Sampling Hard-to-Reach Populations: Assessing Phone Versus Internet Respondent-Driven Sampling Approaches Among Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants in Colombia.

    Pham, Phuong N / Johnston, Lisa G / Keegan, Katrina / Wei, Carol / Vinck, Patrick

    American journal of epidemiology

    2023  Volume 192, Issue 10, Page(s) 1613–1623

    Abstract: It is challenging to quantitatively measure the health vulnerability and risk factors of refugees and migrants residing outside of formal settlement settings. For hard-to-reach populations without available sampling frames, researchers have increasingly ... ...

    Abstract It is challenging to quantitatively measure the health vulnerability and risk factors of refugees and migrants residing outside of formal settlement settings. For hard-to-reach populations without available sampling frames, researchers have increasingly turned to novel sampling and statistical methods, like respondent-driven sampling (RDS). "Standard" RDS is typically conducted face-to-face at fixed sites. However, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, face-to-face survey methods and recruitment approaches posed high potential risk of virus transmission and infection, making remote RDS approaches optimal. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of implementing telephone and Internet RDS strategies to assess challenges faced by Venezuelan refugees and migrants in the city of Bogotá, Colombia's capital, and the department of Norte de Santander, the main Venezuelan-Colombian border crossing site. We describe RDS assumptions, survey design, formative research, and the implementation of both strategies and present diagnostics for determining whether assumptions are met. Phone-based recruitment strategies in both locations and the Internet strategy in Bogotá achieved their calculated sample size; however, the Internet strategy in Norte de Santander did not. Most RDS assumptions were sufficiently met at sites where sample sizes were reached. These surveys provide valuable lessons for implementing innovative remote strategies with which to study hard-to-reach populations such as refugees and migrants.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Colombia/epidemiology ; Transients and Migrants ; Refugees ; Sampling Studies ; COVID-19 ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Internet
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2937-3
    ISSN 1476-6256 ; 0002-9262
    ISSN (online) 1476-6256
    ISSN 0002-9262
    DOI 10.1093/aje/kwad116
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Alarmingly high prevalence of high-risk drug use among palestinian males: a cross-sectional study.

    Massad, Salwa / Dalloul, Hadil / Adwan, Lina / Saman, Khalid Abu / Kafri, Rawan / Alia, Walaa Abu / Tucktuck, Marina / Johnston, Lisa G

    BMC psychiatry

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 700

    Abstract: Background: The unique socioeconomic context in Palestine, characterized by political and economic tensions, creates conditions that facilitate the spread of illicit drug use among Palestinians. This paper presents findings from a 2017 survey of high- ... ...

    Abstract Background: The unique socioeconomic context in Palestine, characterized by political and economic tensions, creates conditions that facilitate the spread of illicit drug use among Palestinians. This paper presents findings from a 2017 survey of high-risk drug use (HRDU) among males in four regions in Palestine: the West Bank (north, middle, and south) and the Gaza Strip. These findings are essential for developing effective policies to respond to the increasing use of drugs among Palestinians.
    Methods: Eligible participants were males aged 15 years and above who used at least one drug other than non-synthetic hashish or marijuana during the previous week. Participants underwent a face-to-face interview and had their drug use verified by urinalysis. Data were collected using respondent-driven sampling and data were analyzed using the successive sampling estimator. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to examine factors associated with ever seeking rehabilitation services for illicit drug use in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
    Results: A total of 400 males who use drugs were sampled in Gaza, plus 299 in the south, 300 in the north, and 299 in the middle region of the West Bank. It is estimated that there are 26,500 male HRDUs in Palestine comprising 1.8% of the male population aged 15 and above. Findings indicate that polydrug use is a serious issue in Palestine, especially in the West Bank, and that synthetic marijuana is prevalent among teenagers and young adults.
    Conclusions: Palestine must strengthen its national efforts to scale up harm reduction and treatment and care options for people suffering from drug use disorders, especially those involved in polydrug use. Additional measures are needed to prevent substance use among children and youth, support the families of people who use drugs, and ensure the continuity of HRDU services during emergencies.
    MeSH term(s) Young Adult ; Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Prevalence ; Arabs ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Illicit Drugs
    Chemical Substances Illicit Drugs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2050438-X
    ISSN 1471-244X ; 1471-244X
    ISSN (online) 1471-244X
    ISSN 1471-244X
    DOI 10.1186/s12888-023-05190-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Trends and Factors Affecting Knowledge of and Stigma and Violence Towards Female Sex Workers in Morocco.

    Phatak, Gauri / Johnston, Lisa G / Khoudri, Ibtissam / Rhilani, Houssine El / Kettani, Amina El / McLaughlin, Katherine R

    International journal of behavioral medicine

    2023  

    Abstract: Background: We investigate factors affecting HIV knowledge, stigma, and violence among female sex workers (FSW) in Agadir, Rabat, Fes, and Tangier, Morocco, over three rounds of HIV surveillance surveys (2012, 2016, and 2019) conducted using respondent- ... ...

    Abstract Background: We investigate factors affecting HIV knowledge, stigma, and violence among female sex workers (FSW) in Agadir, Rabat, Fes, and Tangier, Morocco, over three rounds of HIV surveillance surveys (2012, 2016, and 2019) conducted using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Multivariable analyses from RDS studies examining the relationships between variables are under-utilized, particularly analyses that combine multiple locations and years of data together in a principled manner.
    Method: We fit three weighted logistic regression models for HIV transmission knowledge, having been denied service (experienced stigma), and having been hit (experienced violence) in the last 12 months, and perform model selection using 41 possible explanatory variables.
    Results: Variables significantly associated with higher risk included reasons for sex work, how FSW solicit clients, if female family members are also involved in sex work, ever being forced to have sex, and ever being arrested or jailed. There were also significant differences between cities and in trends over time, with HIV transmission knowledge increasing and having been denied health services and having been hit decreasing.
    Conclusion: We found associations indicating that some particularly vulnerable FSW may be subject to multiple intersecting risks related to HIV knowledge, stigma, and violence which may decrease their agency to receive proper HIV testing, care, and treatment. Although Morocco has made excellent progress in providing HIV services to vulnerable populations, this additional analysis will be useful as Morocco makes programmatic decisions related to ending HIV by 2030.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1187972-5
    ISSN 1532-7558 ; 1070-5503
    ISSN (online) 1532-7558
    ISSN 1070-5503
    DOI 10.1007/s12529-023-10237-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Hidden population size estimation and diagnostics using two respondent-driven samples with applications in Armenia.

    Kim, Brian J / Johnston, Lisa G / Grigoryan, Trdat / Papoyan, Arshak / Grigoryan, Samvel / McLaughlin, Katherine R

    Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift

    2023  Volume 65, Issue 5, Page(s) e2200136

    Abstract: Estimating the size of hidden populations is essential to understand the magnitude of social and healthcare needs, risk behaviors, and disease burden. However, due to the hidden nature of these populations, they are difficult to survey, and there are no ... ...

    Abstract Estimating the size of hidden populations is essential to understand the magnitude of social and healthcare needs, risk behaviors, and disease burden. However, due to the hidden nature of these populations, they are difficult to survey, and there are no gold standard size estimation methods. Many different methods and variations exist, and diagnostic tools are needed to help researchers assess method-specific assumptions as well as compare between methods. Further, because many necessary mathematical assumptions are unrealistic for real survey implementation, assessment of how robust methods are to deviations from the stated assumptions is essential. We describe diagnostics and assess the performance of a new population size estimation method, capture-recapture with successive sampling population size estimation (CR-SS-PSE), which we apply to data from 3 years of studies from three cities and three hidden populations in Armenia. CR-SS-PSE relies on data from two sequential respondent-driven sampling surveys and extends the successive sampling population size estimation (SS-PSE) framework by using the number of individuals in the overlap between the two surveys and a model for the successive sampling process to estimate population size. We demonstrate that CR-SS-PSE is more robust to violations of successive sampling assumptions than SS-PSE. Further, we compare the CR-SS-PSE estimates to population size estimations using other common methods, including unique object and service multipliers, wisdom of the crowd, and two-source capture-recapture to illustrate volatility across estimation methods.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Population Density ; Armenia/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Cities ; Sampling Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-06
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 131640-0
    ISSN 1521-4036 ; 0323-3847 ; 0006-3452
    ISSN (online) 1521-4036
    ISSN 0323-3847 ; 0006-3452
    DOI 10.1002/bimj.202200136
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Epidemiological challenges to the assessment of HIV burdens among key populations: respondent-driven sampling, time-location sampling and demographic and health surveys.

    Sabin, Keith M / Johnston, Lisa G

    Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    2014  Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 101–106

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Measuring the burden of HIV among key populations is subject to many challenges. Sufficient quantities of valid HIV prevalence and programme coverage data are required to effectively respond to the epidemic.: Recent findings: ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Measuring the burden of HIV among key populations is subject to many challenges. Sufficient quantities of valid HIV prevalence and programme coverage data are required to effectively respond to the epidemic.
    Recent findings: Ability to validate exposure to unprotected sex through the innovative use of prostate-specific antigen provides confirmation of condom use. A new weighting scheme based on frequency of venue attendance for time location samples should improve validity of data obtained with this method. Two new proportion estimators, new diagnostic methods, a new population size estimator and new analysis software will provide more robust results from respondent-driven sampling (RDS).
    Summary: Analytical advances have improved the potential quality of results from surveys using time location and RDS. However, data from sufficient numbers of sites over sufficient number of years are still needed to provide clear national pictures of distribution and trends of HIV infection.
    MeSH term(s) Epidemiologic Research Design ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Population Surveillance/methods ; Prevalence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2502511-9
    ISSN 1746-6318 ; 1746-630X
    ISSN (online) 1746-6318
    ISSN 1746-630X
    DOI 10.1097/COH.0000000000000046
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Estimating the Population Size of Males Who Inject Drugs in Myanmar: Methods for Obtaining Township and National Estimates.

    Johnston, Lisa G / Soe, Phyu-Mar / Aung, Min Yu / Ammassari, Savina

    AIDS and behavior

    2018  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 295–301

    Abstract: Estimating the sizes of key populations at risk for HIV is crucial for HIV prevention and treatment. We provide findings of population size estimates (PSE) of males who inject drugs (MWID) in Myanmar, provide an intuitive method for countries to ... ...

    Abstract Estimating the sizes of key populations at risk for HIV is crucial for HIV prevention and treatment. We provide findings of population size estimates (PSE) of males who inject drugs (MWID) in Myanmar, provide an intuitive method for countries to extrapolate subnational estimates into national estimates and provide guidance on how to maximize the utility of current PSE techniques. We used unique object and service multipliers, and successive sampling PSE in conjunction with a respondent driven sampling survey of MWID in ten Myanmar townships in 2014. Township estimates were assessed at a stakeholder meeting for biases and coded into ranges of high, medium and low MWID prevalence areas. Using the sampled townships as benchmarks for a range of MWID proportion estimates, national level MWID size estimates were derived by multiplying the adult male population for all townships with their corresponding proportion estimates. Final PSE ranged from high (4.12%), medium (1.02%) and low (0.11%), with the final agreed national point estimate of 83,000 MWID. Using estimates from survey data, this can translate into actual numbers of MWID living with HIV and practicing risky injecting and sexual behaviors. Although PSE are vital for monitoring HIV epidemics, no guidance exists for interpreting results of different PSE techniques or for extrapolating these results into national estimates. Assessing bias and gaining consensus on township level estimates and deriving ranges of MWID PSE throughout the country using stakeholder input is intuitive and accessible to countries.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Bias ; Epidemics ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Humans ; Male ; Myanmar/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Risk-Taking ; Sexual Behavior ; Stakeholder Participation ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1339885-4
    ISSN 1573-3254 ; 1090-7165
    ISSN (online) 1573-3254
    ISSN 1090-7165
    DOI 10.1007/s10461-018-2233-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Correlates of Forced Sex Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men in Yangon and Monywa, Myanmar.

    Johnston, Lisa G / Mon, Myo Myo / Steinhaus, Mara / Sass, Justine

    Archives of sexual behavior

    2017  Volume 46, Issue 4, Page(s) 1001–1010

    Abstract: Forced sex at an early age is associated with a variety of negative factors including increased illness, high-risk sexual and substance-use behaviors, and mental and psychological stress. These sequelae may be compounded for men who have sex with men ( ... ...

    Abstract Forced sex at an early age is associated with a variety of negative factors including increased illness, high-risk sexual and substance-use behaviors, and mental and psychological stress. These sequelae may be compounded for men who have sex with men (MSM), especially young MSM and those with feminine gender identity and expression. This survey examined the prevalence and associations of forced sex among young MSM in two cities in Myanmar. In 2013-2014, surveys using respondent-driven sampling collected data on 200 young MSM in Yangon and 200 in Monywa. One quarter of young MSM in Yangon and 21 % in Monywa reported ever experiencing forced sex. In a multivariable model, having problems with family members and having any MSM friends with many partners had higher odds of experiencing forced sex. Having maternal acceptance of same-sex attraction (compared to acceptance by both parents) and becoming aware of their same-sex attraction at or above the age of 16 had lower odds of experiencing forced sex. Focused research is needed to understand the family and other social dynamics affecting vulnerability to forced sex, as well as specific sexual risks associated with forced sex among young MSM, including HIV acquisition and transmission risks.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Coercion ; Homosexuality, Male/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Myanmar/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Rape/statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184221-3
    ISSN 1573-2800 ; 0004-0002
    ISSN (online) 1573-2800
    ISSN 0004-0002
    DOI 10.1007/s10508-016-0761-z
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  9. Article: Diagnostics for Respondent-driven Sampling.

    Gile, Krista J / Johnston, Lisa G / Salganik, Matthew J

    Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A, (Statistics in Society)

    2015  Volume 178, Issue 1, Page(s) 241–269

    Abstract: Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a widely used method for sampling from hard-to-reach human populations, especially populations at higher risk for HIV. Data are collected through peer-referral over social networks. RDS has proven practical for data ... ...

    Abstract Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a widely used method for sampling from hard-to-reach human populations, especially populations at higher risk for HIV. Data are collected through peer-referral over social networks. RDS has proven practical for data collection in many difficult settings and is widely used. Inference from RDS data requires many strong assumptions because the sampling design is partially beyond the control of the researcher and partially unobserved. We introduce diagnostic tools for most of these assumptions and apply them in 12 high risk populations. These diagnostics empower researchers to better understand their data and encourage future statistical research on RDS.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1490715-x
    ISSN 1467-985X ; 0964-1998 ; 0035-9238
    ISSN (online) 1467-985X
    ISSN 0964-1998 ; 0035-9238
    DOI 10.1111/rssa.12059
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Defining and surveying key populations at risk of HIV infection: Towards a unified approach to eligibility criteria for respondent-driven sampling HIV biobehavioral surveys.

    Hakim, Avi J / Johnston, Lisa G / Dittrich, Samantha / Prybylski, Dimitri / Burnett, Janet / Kim, Evelyn

    International journal of STD & AIDS

    2018  Volume 29, Issue 9, Page(s) 895–903

    Abstract: Substantial resources are invested in human immunodeficiency virus biobehavioral surveys using respondent-driven sampling for measuring progress towards the UNAIDS 90-90-90 goals and to obtain other essential data on key populations. Survey data are used ...

    Abstract Substantial resources are invested in human immunodeficiency virus biobehavioral surveys using respondent-driven sampling for measuring progress towards the UNAIDS 90-90-90 goals and to obtain other essential data on key populations. Survey data are used to meet country needs as well those of development partners, whose data needs may sometimes diverge. Surveys using differing eligibility criteria impede comparisons across surveys. With scant literature and guidelines on how to approach eligibility criteria, diverse criteria are used within and across countries. We conducted a review of peer-reviewed human immunodeficiency virus respondent-driven sampling biobehavioral survey literature published through December 2013. We describe eligibility criteria of 137 articles representing 214 surveys. Reporting on age, risk behavior, and reference period of risk behavior was nearly universal; however, reporting on gender, geography, and language was less common. Multiple definitions were used for each criterion, making comparisons challenging. We provide a framework for how to approach defining eligibility to improve consistency and comparability across surveys.
    MeSH term(s) Data Collection/methods ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Population Surveillance/methods ; Risk Reduction Behavior ; Sampling Studies ; Sex Work ; Sexual Partners ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/complications ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Transgender Persons ; Unsafe Sex
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1018089-8
    ISSN 1758-1052 ; 0956-4624
    ISSN (online) 1758-1052
    ISSN 0956-4624
    DOI 10.1177/0956462418763882
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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