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Book ; Online: Apocalypse without God

Jones, Ben

Apocalyptic Thought, Ideal Politics, and the Limits of Utopian Hope

(Social Sciences)

2022

Series title	Social Sciences
Keywords	Society & social sciences ; Politics & government ; Regional government ; political science ; philosophy ; religion
Language	0\|e
Size	1 Online-Ressource
Publisher	Cambridge University Press
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English ; Open Access
HBZ-ID	HT021620035
ISBN	9781316517055 ; 1316517055
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: The therapeutic potential of GLP-1 receptor biased agonism.

Jones, Ben

British journal of pharmacology

2021 Volume 179, Issue 4, Page(s) 492–510

Abstract: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are effective treatments for type 2 diabetes as they stimulate insulin release and promote weight loss through appetite suppression. Their main side effect is nausea. All approved GLP-1 agonists are full ... ...

Abstract	Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are effective treatments for type 2 diabetes as they stimulate insulin release and promote weight loss through appetite suppression. Their main side effect is nausea. All approved GLP-1 agonists are full agonists across multiple signalling pathways. However, selective engagement with specific intracellular effectors, or biased agonism, has been touted as a means to improve GLP-1 agonists therapeutic efficacy. In this review, I critically examine how GLP-1 receptor-mediated intracellular signalling is linked to physiological responses and discuss the implications of recent studies investigating the metabolic effects of biased GLP-1 agonists. Overall, there is little conclusive evidence that beneficial and adverse effects of GLP-1 agonists are attributable to distinct, nonoverlapping signalling pathways. Instead, G protein-biased GLP-1 agonists appear to achieve enhanced anti-hyperglycaemic efficacy by avoiding GLP-1 receptor desensitisation and downregulation, partly via reduced β-arrestin recruitment. This effect seemingly applies more to insulin release than to appetite regulation and nausea, possible reasons for which are discussed. At present, most evidence derives from cellular and animal studies, and more human data are required to determine whether this approach represents a genuine therapeutic advance. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on GLP1 receptor ligands (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.4/issuetoc.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/metabolism ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/agonists ; Insulin ; Nausea
Chemical Substances	Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor ; Insulin ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (89750-14-1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	80081-8
ISSN	1476-5381 ; 0007-1188
ISSN (online)	1476-5381
ISSN	0007-1188
DOI	10.1111/bph.15497
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Article ; Online: Eating meat and not vaccinating: In defense of the analogy.

Jones, Ben

Bioethics

2020 Volume 35, Issue 2, Page(s) 135–142

Abstract: The devastating impact of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic is prompting renewed scrutiny of practices that heighten the risk of infectious disease. One such practice is refusing available vaccines known to be effective at preventing ... ...

Abstract	The devastating impact of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic is prompting renewed scrutiny of practices that heighten the risk of infectious disease. One such practice is refusing available vaccines known to be effective at preventing dangerous communicable diseases. For reasons of preventing individual harm, avoiding complicity in collective harm, and fairness, there is a growing consensus among ethicists that individuals have a duty to get vaccinated. I argue that these same grounds establish an analogous duty to avoid buying and eating most meat sold today, based solely on a concern for human welfare. Meat consumption is a leading driver of infectious disease. Wildlife sales at wet markets, bushmeat hunting, and concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) are all exceptionally risky activities that facilitate disease spread and impose immense harms on human populations. If there is a moral duty to vaccinate, we also should recognize a moral duty to avoid most meat. The paper concludes by considering the implications of this duty for policy.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Diet, Vegetarian/ethics ; Humans ; Meat ; Moral Obligations ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Vaccination/ethics
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632984-6
ISSN	1467-8519 ; 0269-9702
ISSN (online)	1467-8519
ISSN	0269-9702
DOI	10.1111/bioe.12834
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Article ; Online: Injury Profile in Youth Female Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Beech, Jake / Jones, Ben / Hughes, Thomas / Emmonds, Stacey

Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)

2024

Abstract: Background: An increasing number of epidemiological studies assessing the incidence, prevalence and severity of injury in youth female sport are available. However, no study has sought to synthesise the current evidence base across all youth female ... ...

Abstract	Background: An increasing number of epidemiological studies assessing the incidence, prevalence and severity of injury in youth female sport are available. However, no study has sought to synthesise the current evidence base across all youth female sport. As such, a systematic review and meta-analysis of injury in this cohort is necessary to understand the diversity of injury and its associated burden between sports in addition to identifying the density of research available. Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological data of injuries in youth female athletes with particular attention to injury incidence, mean days lost and injury burden. Methods: Searches were performed in PubMed, EBSCO (SPORTDiscus with Full Text MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete) and Cochrane databases. Studies were considered if they reported time-loss injury incidence or prevalence in youth female (≤ 19 years old) athletes. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using STROBE-SIIS extension, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and funnel plots, respectively. Injury incidence and burden rate data were modelled using a mixed-effect Poisson regression model. Days lost data were modelled using a generalised linear mixed model. Results: Thirty-two studies were included. The overall incidence rate, mean days lost per injury, and burden rate were 4.4 injuries per 1000 h (95% CI 3.3-5.9), 10 days (95% CI 6-15), and 46 days per 1000 h (95% CI 23-92), respectively. Forty percent of athletes sustained at least one time-loss injury. Competitive level was a significant moderator of match and training injury incidence, with elite youth athletes presenting greater pooled injury incidence estimates than non-elite athletes (p = 0.0315 and p = 0.0047, respectively). The influence of moderators on days lost and injury burden could not be determined due to an insufficient number of studies for analysis. Conclusion: Despite a broad inclusion criterion, there is limited injury surveillance research available across youth female sport. Outside of soccer, little research density is evidenced with single studies available in popular team sports such as Australian football and rugby union. Insufficient study numbers reporting mean days lost and injury burden data were available for analysis, and pooled days lost data could only be estimated for soccer. This highlights a need for future research to report days lost data alongside injury number and exposure so burden can be calculated and the full risk of injury to youth female athletes can be identified.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-24
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	605911-9
ISSN	1179-2035 ; 0112-1642
ISSN (online)	1179-2035
ISSN	0112-1642
DOI	10.1007/s40279-023-01988-w
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Zs.A 2010: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Review article: Emergency medical services transfer of severe traumatic brain injured patients to a neuroscience centre: A systematic review.

Jones, Ben / Dicker, Bridget / Howie, Graham / Todd, Verity

Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA

2024 Volume 36, Issue 2, Page(s) 187–196

Abstract: Patients with severe traumatic brain injuries require urgent medical attention at a hospital. We evaluated whether transporting adult patients with a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) to a Neuroscience Centre is associated with reduced mortality. We ... ...

Abstract	Patients with severe traumatic brain injuries require urgent medical attention at a hospital. We evaluated whether transporting adult patients with a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) to a Neuroscience Centre is associated with reduced mortality. We reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2023 on severe TBI in adults (>18 years) using Medline, CINAHL, Google Scholar and Cochrane databases. We focused on mortality rates and the impact of transferring patients to a Neuroscience Centre, delays to neurosurgery and EMS triage accuracy. This review analysed seven studies consisting of 53 365 patients. When patients were directly transported to a Neuroscience Centre, no improvement in survivability was demonstrated. Subsequently, transferring patients from a local hospital to a Neuroscience Centre was significantly associated with reduced mortality in one study (adjusted odds ratio: 0.79, 95% confidence interval: 0.64-0.96), and 24-h (relative risk [RR]: 0.31, 0.11-0.83) and 30-day (RR: 0.66, 0.46-0.96) mortality in another. Patients directly transported to a Neuroscience Centre were more unwell than those taken to a local hospital. Subsequent transfers increased time to CT scanning and neurosurgery in several studies, although these were not statistically significant. Additionally, EMS could accurately triage. None of the included studies demonstrated statistically significant findings indicating that direct transportation to a Neuroscience Centre increased survivability for patients with severe traumatic brain injuries. Subsequent transfers from a non-Neuroscience Centre to a Neuroscience Centre reduced mortality rates at 24 h and 30 days. Further research is required to understand the differences between direct transport and subsequent transfers to Neuroscience Centres.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Emergency Medical Services ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/therapy ; Triage ; Hospitals ; Brain
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2161824-0
ISSN	1742-6723 ; 1742-6731 ; 1035-6851
ISSN (online)	1742-6723
ISSN	1742-6731 ; 1035-6851
DOI	10.1111/1742-6723.14375
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Zs.A 5940: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Computational modelling of dynamic cAMP responses to GPCR agonists for exploration of GLP-1R ligand effects in pancreatic β-cells and neurons.

Bridge, Lloyd / Chen, Shiqian / Jones, Ben

Cellular signalling

2024 Volume 119, Page(s) 111153

Abstract: The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a class B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) which plays important physiological roles in insulin release and promoting fullness. GLP-1R agonists initiate cellular responses by cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway ... ...

Abstract	The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a class B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) which plays important physiological roles in insulin release and promoting fullness. GLP-1R agonists initiate cellular responses by cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway signal transduction. Understanding of the potential of GLP-1R agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes may be advanced by considering the cAMP dynamics for agonists at GLP-1R in both pancreatic β-cells (important in insulin release) and neurons (important in appetite regulation). Receptor desensitisation in the cAMP pathway is known to be an important regulatory mechanism, with different ligands differentially promoting G protein activation and desensitisation. Here, we use mathematical modelling to quantify and understand experimentally obtained cAMP timecourses for two GLP-1R agonists, exendin-F1 (ExF1) and exendin-D3 (ExD3), which give markedly different signals in β-cells and neurons. We formulate an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model for the dynamics of cAMP signalling in response to G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands, encompassing ligand binding, receptor activation, G protein activation, desensitisation and second messenger generation. We validate our model initially by fitting to timecourse data for HEK293 cells, then proceed to parameterise the model for β-cells and neurons. Through numerical simulation and sensitivity studies, our analysis adds support to the hypothesis that ExF1 offers more potential glucose regulation benefit than ExD3 over long timescales via signalling in pancreatic β-cells, but that there is little difference between the two ligands in the potential appetite suppression effects offered via long-time signalling in neurons on the same timescales.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1002702-6
ISSN	1873-3913 ; 0898-6568
ISSN (online)	1873-3913
ISSN	0898-6568
DOI	10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111153
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Zs.A 2579: Show issues

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Article: Innovation in sport medicine and science: a global social network analysis of stakeholder collaboration in rugby union.

Erskine, Natalie R / Hendricks, Sharief / Jones, Ben / Salie, Faatiema

BMJ open sport & exercise medicine

2024 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) e001559

Abstract: Objectives: To investigate the network of stakeholders involved in rugby union research across the globe.: Methods: Using author affiliations listed on scientific publications, we identified the organisations that contributed to rugby union research ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To investigate the network of stakeholders involved in rugby union research across the globe. Methods: Using author affiliations listed on scientific publications, we identified the organisations that contributed to rugby union research from 1977 to 2022 and examine collaboration through coauthorship indicators. We determined the locations and sectors of identified organisations and constructed a collaboration network. Network metrics, including degree centrality and betweenness centrality, are computed to identify influential organisations and measure intersector collaboration. Results: There is an increase in scientific knowledge creation and collaboration between organisations for rugby union research over time. Among the sectors, the university, professional sports team and sports governing body sectors exhibit the highest intersectoral and intrasectoral density. Predominantly, influential actors are located in England, Australia, France, New Zealand, Ireland and South Africa. Australian Catholic University, Leeds Beckett University, Stellenbosch University, Swansea University, University College London and the University of Cape Town emerge as influential actors between 2016 and 2022. Conclusions: Our study underscores the ongoing growth of scientific knowledge generation in rugby union, primarily led by organisations in tier 1 rugby-playing nations within the university sector. Intersectoral collaboration with sports governing bodies plays a crucial role, acting as a broker between sectors. However, the overall collaboration landscape between and within sectors is low. These results highlight an opportunity for improved collaboration opportunities, as the organisations driving knowledge creation have been identified.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2817580-3
ISSN	2055-7647
ISSN	2055-7647
DOI	10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001559
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Article ; Online: Identification of pattern mining algorithm for rugby league players positional groups separation based on movement patterns.

Adeyemo, Victor Elijah / Palczewska, Anna / Jones, Ben / Weaving, Dan

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 5, Page(s) e0301608

Abstract: The application of pattern mining algorithms to extract movement patterns from sports big data can improve training specificity by facilitating a more granular evaluation of movement. Since movement patterns can only occur as consecutive, non-consecutive, ...

Abstract	The application of pattern mining algorithms to extract movement patterns from sports big data can improve training specificity by facilitating a more granular evaluation of movement. Since movement patterns can only occur as consecutive, non-consecutive, or non-sequential, this study aimed to identify the best set of movement patterns for player movement profiling in professional rugby league and quantify the similarity among distinct movement patterns. Three pattern mining algorithms (l-length Closed Contiguous [LCCspm], Longest Common Subsequence [LCS] and AprioriClose) were used to extract patterns to profile elite rugby football league hookers (n = 22 players) and wingers (n = 28 players) match-games movements across 319 matches. Jaccard similarity score was used to quantify the similarity between algorithms' movement patterns and machine learning classification modelling identified the best algorithm's movement patterns to separate playing positions. LCCspm and LCS movement patterns shared a 0.19 Jaccard similarity score. AprioriClose movement patterns shared no significant Jaccard similarity with LCCspm (0.008) and LCS (0.009) patterns. The closed contiguous movement patterns profiled by LCCspm best-separated players into playing positions. Multi-layered Perceptron classification algorithm achieved the highest accuracy of 91.02% and precision, recall and F1 scores of 0.91 respectively. Therefore, we recommend the extraction of closed contiguous (consecutive) over non-consecutive and non-sequential movement patterns for separating groups of players.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Algorithms ; Football/physiology ; Movement/physiology ; Athletic Performance/physiology ; Male ; Machine Learning ; Athletes ; Data Mining/methods ; Adult ; Rugby
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0301608
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Article: X as a proxy for tackle safety culture? Sentiment analysis of social media posts on red-carded and yellow-carded tackles during the 2019 Rugby World Cup.

Alexander, Firdows / Tucker, Ross / Jones, Ben / Hendricks, Sharief

BMJ open sport & exercise medicine

2023 Volume 9, Issue 4, Page(s) e001756

Abstract: Objectives: This study analysed the overall sentiment of attitudes, opinions, views and emotions expressed in posts on X related to red-carded and yellow-carded tackles during the 2019 Rugby World Cup (RWC).: Methods: Sentiment analysis was conducted ...

Abstract	Objectives: This study analysed the overall sentiment of attitudes, opinions, views and emotions expressed in posts on X related to red-carded and yellow-carded tackles during the 2019 Rugby World Cup (RWC). Methods: Sentiment analysis was conducted on posts on X about red or yellow cards issued at the 2019 RWC. Posts were classified as 'agree', 'disagree' and 'neutral'. The frequency of posts, red cards, yellow cards, all injuries, tackle injuries and total number of tackles per match were also synced to the 45-match playing schedule. Results: Five tackle-related red cards were issued during the 2019 RWC, and 15 tackle-related yellow cards, with 337 and 302 posts identified for each card decision, respectively. For red cards, 42% of posts (n=158/377) agreed with the referee's decision, 19% (n=71/377) disagreed and 40% were neutral. For yellow cards, 24% (n=73/302) agreed with the referee's decision, 33% (n=99/302) disagreed and 43% were neutral. Conclusions: For red cards, posts were 2.2 times more likely to agree with the referee's decision than disagree. Posts that agreed with a red card decision were also more likely to be shared (reposted) than posts that disagreed with a red card decision. In contrast, sentiments expressed for yellow card decisions were mixed. This may be related to interpreting the degree of danger and whether mitigation is applied. Within the ecosystem of rugby, sharing sentiments on social media plays a powerful role in creating a positive player welfare narrative.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2817580-3
ISSN	2055-7647
ISSN	2055-7647
DOI	10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001756
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Article ; Online: Journal Watch.

Jones, Ben

Annals of clinical biochemistry

2017 Volume 54, Issue 2, Page(s) 304

Language	English
Publishing date	2017-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390309-6
ISSN	1758-1001 ; 0004-5632
ISSN (online)	1758-1001
ISSN	0004-5632
DOI	10.1177/0004563216681363
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