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  1. Book ; Online: A Practical Overview of Quantum Computing

    Davenport, James H. / Jones, Jessica R. / Thomason, Matthew

    Is Exascale Possible?

    2023  

    Abstract: Despite numerous advances in the field and a seemingly ever-increasing amount of investment, we are still some years away from seeing a production quantum computer in action. However, it is possible to make some educated guesses about the operational ... ...

    Abstract Despite numerous advances in the field and a seemingly ever-increasing amount of investment, we are still some years away from seeing a production quantum computer in action. However, it is possible to make some educated guesses about the operational difficulties and challenges that may be encountered in practice. We can be reasonably confident that the early machines will be hybrid, with the quantum devices used in an apparently similar way to current accelerators such as FPGAs or GPUs. Compilers, libraries and the other tools relied upon currently for development of software will have to evolve/be reinvented to support the new technology, and training courses will have to be rethought completely rather than ``just'' updated alongside them. The workloads we are likely to see making best use of these hybrid machines will initially be few, before rapidly increasing in diversity as we saw with the uptake of GPUs and other new technologies in the past. This will again be helped by the increase in the number of supporting libraries and development tools, and by the gradual re-development of existing software, to make use of the new quantum devices. Unfortunately, at present the problem of error correction is still largely unsolved, although there have been many advances. Quantum computation is very sensitive to noise, leading to frequent errors during execution. Quantum calculations, although asymptotically faster than their equivalents in ``traditional'' HPC, still take time, and while the profiling tools and programming approaches will have to change drastically, many of the skills honed in the current HPC industry will not suddenly become obsolete, but continue to be useful in the quantum era.

    Comment: 9 pages, 0 figures
    Keywords Computer Science - Distributed ; Parallel ; and Cluster Computing ; Computer Science - Emerging Technologies ; B.m ; B.8.1
    Subject code 028
    Publishing date 2023-06-21
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Book ; Online: A Hybrid Classical-Quantum HPC Workload

    Esposito, Aniello / Cabaniols, Sebastien / Jones, Jessica R. / Brayford, David

    2023  

    Abstract: A strategy for the orchestration of hybrid classical-quantum workloads on supercomputers featuring quantum devices is proposed. The method makes use of heterogeneous job launches with Slurm to interleave classical and quantum computation, thereby ... ...

    Abstract A strategy for the orchestration of hybrid classical-quantum workloads on supercomputers featuring quantum devices is proposed. The method makes use of heterogeneous job launches with Slurm to interleave classical and quantum computation, thereby reducing idle time of the quantum components. To better understand the possible shortcomings and bottlenecks of such a workload, an example application is investigated that offloads parts of the computation to a quantum device. It executes on a classical HPC system, with a server mimicking the quantum device, within the MPMD paradigm in Slurm. Quantum circuits are synthesized by means of the Classiq software suite according to the needs of the scientific application, and the Qiskit Aer circuit simulator computes the state vectors. The HHL quantum algorithm for linear systems of equations is used to solve the algebraic problem from the discretization of a linear differential equation. Communication takes place over the MPI, which is broadly employed in the HPC community. Extraction of state vectors and circuit synthesis are the most time consuming, while communication is negligible in this setup. The present test bed serves as a basis for more advanced hybrid workloads eventually involving a real quantum device.

    Comment: 5 pages, 7 listings, 4 figures. Presented at WIHPQC 2023
    Keywords Quantum Physics ; Computer Science - Distributed ; Parallel ; and Cluster Computing ; B.m ; B.8.1
    Subject code 000
    Publishing date 2023-12-08
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Fruit, Vegetable, and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake Among Young Children, by State - United States, 2021.

    Hamner, Heather C / Dooyema, Carrie A / Blanck, Heidi M / Flores-Ayala, Rafael / Jones, Jessica R / Ghandour, Reem M / Petersen, Ruth

    MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report

    2023  Volume 72, Issue 7, Page(s) 165–170

    Abstract: Good nutrition in early childhood supports optimal growth, development, and health (1). Federal guidelines support a dietary pattern with daily fruit and vegetable consumption and limited added sugars, including limited consumption of sugar-sweetened ... ...

    Abstract Good nutrition in early childhood supports optimal growth, development, and health (1). Federal guidelines support a dietary pattern with daily fruit and vegetable consumption and limited added sugars, including limited consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (1). Government-published dietary intake estimates for young children are outdated at the national level and unavailable at the state level. CDC analyzed data from the 2021 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH)* to describe how frequently, according to parent report, children aged 1-5 years (18,386) consumed fruits, vegetables, and sugar-sweetened beverages, nationally and by state. During the preceding week, approximately one in three (32.1%) children did not eat a daily fruit, nearly one half (49.1%) did not eat a daily vegetable, and more than one half (57.1%) drank a sugar-sweetened beverage at least once. Estimates of consumption varied by state. In 20 states, more than one half of children did not eat a vegetable daily during the preceding week. In Vermont, 30.4% of children did not eat a daily vegetable during the preceding week, compared with 64.3% in Louisiana. In 40 states and the District of Columbia, more than one half of children drank a sugar-sweetened beverage at least once during the preceding week. The percentage of children drinking sugar-sweetened beverages at least once during the preceding week ranged from 38.6% in Maine to 79.3% in Mississippi. Many young children are not consuming fruits and vegetables daily and are regularly consuming sugar-sweetened beverages. Federal nutrition programs and state policies and programs can support improvements in diet quality by increasing access to and availability of fruits and vegetables and healthy beverages in places where young children live, learn, and play.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; United States/epidemiology ; Fruit ; Vegetables ; Sugar-Sweetened Beverages ; Diet ; Beverages/analysis ; Louisiana
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 412775-4
    ISSN 1545-861X ; 0149-2195
    ISSN (online) 1545-861X
    ISSN 0149-2195
    DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm7207a1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Book ; Online: Fortran High-Level Synthesis

    Rodriguez-Canal, Gabriel / Brown, Nick / Dykes, Tim / Jones, Jessica R. / Haus, Utz-Uwe

    Reducing the barriers to accelerating HPC codes on FPGAs

    2023  

    Abstract: In recent years the use of FPGAs to accelerate scientific applications has grown, with numerous applications demonstrating the benefit of FPGAs for high performance workloads. However, whilst High Level Synthesis (HLS) has significantly lowered the ... ...

    Abstract In recent years the use of FPGAs to accelerate scientific applications has grown, with numerous applications demonstrating the benefit of FPGAs for high performance workloads. However, whilst High Level Synthesis (HLS) has significantly lowered the barrier to entry in programming FPGAs by enabling programmers to use C++, a major challenge is that most often these codes are not originally written in C++. Instead, Fortran is the lingua franca of scientific computing and-so it requires a complex and time consuming initial step to convert into C++ even before considering the FPGA. In this paper we describe work enabling Fortran for AMD Xilinx FPGAs by connecting the LLVM Flang front end to AMD Xilinx's LLVM back end. This enables programmers to use Fortran as a first-class language for programming FPGAs, and as we demonstrate enjoy all the tuning and optimisation opportunities that HLS C++ provides. Furthermore, we demonstrate that certain language features of Fortran make it especially beneficial for programming FPGAs compared to C++. The result of this work is a lowering of the barrier to entry in using FPGAs for scientific computing, enabling programmers to leverage their existing codebase and language of choice on the FPGA directly.

    Comment: Author accepted version to appear in 33rd International Conference on Field-Programmable Logic and Applications
    Keywords Computer Science - Distributed ; Parallel ; and Cluster Computing
    Subject code 000
    Publishing date 2023-08-25
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditures Among United States Children: Parental Perceptions and Past-Year Expenditures, 2016 to 2017.

    Jones, Jessica R / Kogan, Michael D / Ghandour, Reem M / Minkovitz, Cynthia S

    Academic pediatrics

    2020  Volume 21, Issue 3, Page(s) 480–487

    Abstract: Objective: To examine the association between parental perceptions of out-of-pocket (OOP) health care costs for their child and the total amount of OOP health care expenditures for that child during the past year.: Methods: We used data from the 2016 ...

    Abstract Objective: To examine the association between parental perceptions of out-of-pocket (OOP) health care costs for their child and the total amount of OOP health care expenditures for that child during the past year.
    Methods: We used data from the 2016 and 2017 National Surveys of Children's Health, cross-sectional, parent-reported, and nationally representative surveys of noninstitutionalized US children, ages 0 to 17 years. We conducted bivariate analyses to assess characteristics associated with the amount of OOP expenditures and parental perceptions of these costs. We estimated adjusted prevalence ratios for parental perceptions of OOP costs using logistic regression.
    Results: Based on parent report, nearly two thirds (65.7%) of children incurred some amount of past-year OOP expenditures, with 13.3% of children incurring expenditures of ≥$1000. Parents reported that costs were unreasonable for 35.3% of children with past-year expenditures. The amount of OOP spending was associated with parents' perceptions that costs were unreasonable, with 16.5% of those with $1 to 249 in expenditures reporting unreasonable costs compared to 77.5% of those with >$5,000 in expenditures (P < .05). In adjusted analyses, high OOP expenditures, non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity, lack of health insurance, low household income, parental education levels less than a college degree, and foreign-born nativity status were associated with reports of unreasonable costs (P < .05).
    Conclusions: This study demonstrates an association between attitudinal and economic measures of health care expenditures for children while demonstrating differences in the perception of costs by measures of family economic vulnerability. Results may inform efforts to assess adequacy of health insurance coverage.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Expenditures ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Insurance, Health ; Parents ; Perception ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2483385-X
    ISSN 1876-2867 ; 1876-2859
    ISSN (online) 1876-2867
    ISSN 1876-2859
    DOI 10.1016/j.acap.2020.11.014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: A new way forward: improving maternal and child health in America.

    Lu, Michael C / Jones, Jessica R

    Maternal and child health journal

    2014  Volume 18, Issue 7, Page(s) 1558–1559

    MeSH term(s) Child ; Child Welfare ; Congresses as Topic ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Maternal Welfare ; Quality of Health Care ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-08-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1339905-6
    ISSN 1573-6628 ; 1092-7875
    ISSN (online) 1573-6628
    ISSN 1092-7875
    DOI 10.1007/s10995-014-1568-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Recognizing Excellence in Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Epidemiology: The 2014 National MCH Epidemiology Awards.

    Kroelinger, Charlan D / Vladutiu, Catherine J / Jones, Jessica R

    Maternal and child health journal

    2016  Volume 20, Issue 4, Page(s) 760–768

    Abstract: Purpose: The impact of programs, policies, and practices developed by professionals in the field of maternal and child health (MCH) epidemiology is highlighted biennially by 16 national MCH agencies and organizations, or the Coalition for Excellence in ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: The impact of programs, policies, and practices developed by professionals in the field of maternal and child health (MCH) epidemiology is highlighted biennially by 16 national MCH agencies and organizations, or the Coalition for Excellence in MCH Epidemiology.
    Description: In September 2014, multiple leading agencies in the field of MCH partnered to host the national CityMatCH Leadership and MCH Epidemiology Conference in Phoenix, Arizona. The conference offered opportunities for peer exchange; presentation of new scientific methodologies, programs, and policies; dialogue on changes in the MCH field; and discussion of emerging MCH issues relevant to the work of local, state, and national MCH professionals. During the conference, the National MCH Epidemiology Awards were presented to individuals, teams, institutions, and leaders for significantly contributing to the improved health of women, children, and families.
    Assessment: During the conference, the Coalition presented seven deserving health researchers and research groups with national awards in the areas of advancing knowledge, effective practice, outstanding leadership, young professional achievement, and lifetime achievement. The article highlights the accomplishments of these national-level awardees.
    Conclusion: Recognition of deserving professionals strengthens the field of MCH epidemiology, and sets the standard for exceptional research, mentoring, and practice.
    MeSH term(s) Awards and Prizes ; Child ; Child Welfare ; Congresses as Topic ; Humans ; Maternal Welfare
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1339905-6
    ISSN 1573-6628 ; 1092-7875
    ISSN (online) 1573-6628
    ISSN 1092-7875
    DOI 10.1007/s10995-015-1916-6
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  8. Article ; Online: Associations Between Health Care Transition Preparation Among Youth in the U.S. and Other Components of a Well-Functioning System of Services.

    Ilango, Samhita M / Lebrun-Harris, Lydie A / Jones, Jessica R / McManus, Margaret A / Cyr, Mallory / Mann, Marie Y / McLellan, Sara Beth / White, Patience H

    The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

    2021  Volume 69, Issue 3, Page(s) 414–423

    Abstract: Purpose: This study examines the relationships between receipt of health care transition (HCT) preparation among U.S. youth and five other components of a well-functioning system of services (family partnership in decision-making, medical home, early/ ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: This study examines the relationships between receipt of health care transition (HCT) preparation among U.S. youth and five other components of a well-functioning system of services (family partnership in decision-making, medical home, early/continuous screening for special health care needs [SHCN], continuous/adequate health insurance, access to community-based services).
    Methods: Data came from the combined 2016-2017 National Survey of Children's Health (n = 29,617 youth ages 12-17). Parents/caregivers answered questions about their child's health care experiences, which were combined to measure receipt of HCT preparation and the other five components of a well-functioning system of services. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses were conducted to examine associations, stratified by youth with and without special health care needs (YSHCN/non-YSHCN).
    Results: About 16.7% of YSCHN and 13.9% of non-YSHCN received HCT preparation (p = .0040). Additionally, 25.3% of YSHCN and 27.3% of non-YSHCN received all five remaining components of a system of services (p = .1212). HCT preparation was positively associated with receipt of the combined five components among both YSHCN (adjusted prevalence rate ratio = 1.53, 95% confidence interval: 1.20-1.86) and non-YSHCN (adjusted prevalence rate ratio = 1.63, 95% confidence interval: 1.39-1.88). Regarding individual system of services components, early and continuous screening for SHCN was significantly associated with HCT preparation for both populations. For non-YSHCN only, having a medical home was associated with HCT preparation. The remaining three components were not associated with HCT preparation for either population after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics.
    Conclusions: Among both YSHCN and non-YSHCN, HCT preparation is positively associated with receipt of early and continuous screening for SHCN as well as the five combined components of a well-functioning system of services.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Delivery of Health Care ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; Patient Transfer ; Transition to Adult Care
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1063374-1
    ISSN 1879-1972 ; 1054-139X
    ISSN (online) 1879-1972
    ISSN 1054-139X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.01.006
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  9. Article ; Online: The Design and Implementation of the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health.

    Ghandour, Reem M / Jones, Jessica R / Lebrun-Harris, Lydie A / Minnaert, Jessica / Blumberg, Stephen J / Fields, Jason / Bethell, Christina / Kogan, Michael D

    Maternal and child health journal

    2018  Volume 22, Issue 8, Page(s) 1093–1102

    Abstract: Introduction Since 2001, the Health Resources and Services Administration's Maternal and Child Health Bureau (HRSA MCHB) has funded and directed the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) and the National Survey of Children with Special Health Care ... ...

    Abstract Introduction Since 2001, the Health Resources and Services Administration's Maternal and Child Health Bureau (HRSA MCHB) has funded and directed the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) and the National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs (NS-CSHCN), unique sources of national and state-level data on child health and health care. Between 2012 and 2015, HRSA MCHB redesigned the surveys, combining content into a single survey, and shifting from a periodic interviewer-assisted telephone survey to an annual self-administered web/paper-based survey utilizing an address-based sampling frame. Methods The U.S. Census Bureau fielded the redesigned NSCH using a random sample of addresses drawn from the Census Master Address File, supplemented with a unique administrative flag to identify households most likely to include children. Data were collected June 2016-February 2017 using a multi-mode design, encouraging web-based responses while allowing for paper mail-in responses. A parent/caregiver knowledgeable about the child's health completed an age-appropriate questionnaire. Experiments on incentives, branding, and contact strategies were conducted. Results Data were released in September 2017. The final sample size was 50,212 children; the overall weighted response rate was 40.7%. Comparison of 2016 estimates to those from previous survey iterations are not appropriate due to sampling and mode changes. Discussion The NSCH remains an invaluable data source for key measures of child health and attendant health care system, family, and community factors. The redesigned survey extended the utility of this resource while seeking a balance between previous strengths and innovations now possible.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Child Health ; Child Health Services ; Child, Preschool ; Disabled Children ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Health Surveys/methods ; Health Surveys/standards ; Humans ; Male ; Research Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1339905-6
    ISSN 1573-6628 ; 1092-7875
    ISSN (online) 1573-6628
    ISSN 1092-7875
    DOI 10.1007/s10995-018-2526-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Mental health conditions among school-aged children: geographic and sociodemographic patterns in prevalence and treatment.

    Ghandour, Reem M / Kogan, Michael D / Blumberg, Stephen J / Jones, Jessica R / Perrin, James M

    Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP

    2012  Volume 33, Issue 1, Page(s) 42–54

    Abstract: Objective: To explore geographic differences in diagnosed emotional and behavioral mental health conditions and receipt of treatment.: Methods: Data are from the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally representative, parent-reported, ...

    Abstract Objective: To explore geographic differences in diagnosed emotional and behavioral mental health conditions and receipt of treatment.
    Methods: Data are from the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally representative, parent-reported, cross-sectional survey. Pediatric mental health conditions were identified using parents' responses to 3 questions regarding whether a health care provider had ever told them that their child had depression, anxiety problems, or behavioral or conduct problems. Parents also reported on past-year treatment or counseling by a mental health professional. State-level differences in condition prevalence were identified using unadjusted and adjusted prevalence estimates. Multivariate logistic regression assessed the odds of not receiving treatment by state and diagnoses.
    Results: Nearly 8% of children aged 6 to 17 years have ever been diagnosed with depression or anxiety, and 5.4% have ever been diagnosed with behavioral or conduct problems. State-level estimates of parent-reported depression or anxiety varied from 4.8% in Georgia to 14.4% in Vermont, while prevalence of behavioral problems ranged from 3.2% in California to 9.2% in Louisiana. Nearly 10% of all school-aged children and 53.1% of those ever diagnosed with either condition type received past-year treatment. The odds of receiving past-year parent-reported treatment did not differ by state of residence with the exception of Louisiana and Nevada: children ever diagnosed had approximately 2.5 times the odds of not receiving past-year treatment in these states.
    Conclusion: The prevalence of parent-reported mental health disorders among children varies by geographic and sociodemographic factors, while receipt of treatment is generally dependent on sociodemographic and health-related factors.
    MeSH term(s) Anxiety/economics ; Anxiety/epidemiology ; Anxiety/therapy ; Child ; Child Behavior Disorders/economics ; Child Behavior Disorders/epidemiology ; Child Behavior Disorders/therapy ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression/economics ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/therapy ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Health/economics ; Mental Health/trends ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603379-9
    ISSN 1536-7312 ; 0196-206X
    ISSN (online) 1536-7312
    ISSN 0196-206X
    DOI 10.1097/DBP.0b013e31823e18fd
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