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  1. Article ; Online: Diseases during pregnancy in a large unselected South American sample

    María Rita Santos / Hebe Campaña / Silvina Heisecke / Julia Ratowiecki / Darío Elías / Lucas Giménez / Fernando Adrián Poletta / Juan Gili / Rocío Uranga / Viviana Cosentino / Hugo Krupitzki / Mónica Rittler / Jorge López Camelo

    Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, Vol

    2022  Volume 25

    Abstract: ABSTRACT Objective: Our aim was to describe the prevalence of diseases during pregnancy and the association between fetal exposure to the most frequent maternal diseases and the risk of preterm (PTB) and/or small for gestational age (SGA) newborns in an ... ...

    Abstract ABSTRACT Objective: Our aim was to describe the prevalence of diseases during pregnancy and the association between fetal exposure to the most frequent maternal diseases and the risk of preterm (PTB) and/or small for gestational age (SGA) newborns in an unselected sample of women who gave birth in South American countries. Methods: We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study including 56,232 mothers of non-malformed infants born between 2002 and 2016, using data from the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC). Diseases with higher- than-expected PTB/SGA frequencies were identified. Odds ratios of confounding variables for diseases and birth outcomes were calculated with a multivariable logistic regression. Results: Of the 14 most reported diseases, hypertension, genitourinary infection, epilepsy, hypothyroidism, diabetes, and HIV/AIDS showed higher PTB and/or SGA frequencies. Advanced and low maternal age, previous fetal loss, low socioeconomic level, and African-American ancestry were associated with PTB, while advanced maternal age, primigravidity, previous fetal loss, low socioeconomic level, and African-American ancestry were associated with SGA. After adjusting for the associated variables, the identified illnesses maintained their association with PTB and all, except epilepsy, with SGA. Conclusion: The description of an unselected population of mothers allowed identifying the most frequent diseases occurring during gestation and their impact on pregnancy outcomes. Six diseases were associated with PTB and two with SGA newborns. To the best of our knowledge, there are no similar reports about women not intentionally selected by specific diseases during pregnancy in South American populations.
    Keywords Pregnancy ; Disease ; Pregnancy complications ; infectious ; Chronic disease ; Infant ; small for gestational age ; premature ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Associação Brasileira de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: A comparative analysis of prenatal care and fetal growth in eight South American countries.

    Cristina Woodhouse / Jorge Lopez Camelo / George L Wehby

    PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e

    2014  Volume 91292

    Abstract: There has been little work that comprehensively compared the relationship between prenatal care and infant health across multiple countries using similar data sources and analytical models. Such comparative analyses are useful for understanding the ... ...

    Abstract There has been little work that comprehensively compared the relationship between prenatal care and infant health across multiple countries using similar data sources and analytical models. Such comparative analyses are useful for understanding the background of differences in infant health between populations. We evaluated the association between prenatal care visits and fetal growth measured by birth weight (BW) in grams or low birth weight (<2500 grams; LBW) adjusted for gestational age in eight South American countries using similarly collected data across countries and the same analytical models. OLS and logistic regressions were estimated adjusting for a large set of relevant infant, maternal, and household characteristics and birth year and hospital fixed effects. Birth data were acquired from 140 hospitals that are part of the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC) network. The analytical sample included 56,014 live-born infants (∼69% of total sample) with complete data born without congenital anomalies in the years 1996-2011 in Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Venezuela, Ecuador, Colombia, Bolivia, and Uruguay. Prenatal care visits were significantly (at p<.05) and positively associated with BW and negatively associated with LBW for all countries. The OLS coefficients ranged from 9 grams per visit in Bolivia to 36 grams in Uruguay. The association with LBW was strongest for Chile (OR = 0.87 per visit) and lowest for Argentina and Venezuela (OR = 0.95). The association decreased in the recent decade compared to earlier years. Our findings suggest that estimates of association between prenatal care and fetal growth are population-specific and may not be generalizable to other populations. Furthermore, as one of the indicators for a country's healthcare system for maternal and child health, prenatal care is a highly variable indicator between countries in South America.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: A graph theory approach to analyze birth defect associations.

    Dario Elias / Hebe Campaña / Fernando Poletta / Silvina Heisecke / Juan Gili / Julia Ratowiecki / Lucas Gimenez / Mariela Pawluk / Maria Rita Santos / Viviana Cosentino / Rocio Uranga / Monica Rittler / Jorge Lopez Camelo

    PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 5, p e

    2020  Volume 0233529

    Abstract: Birth defects are prenatal morphological or functional anomalies. Associations among them are studied to identify their etiopathogenesis. The graph theory methods allow analyzing relationships among a complete set of anomalies. A graph consists of nodes ... ...

    Abstract Birth defects are prenatal morphological or functional anomalies. Associations among them are studied to identify their etiopathogenesis. The graph theory methods allow analyzing relationships among a complete set of anomalies. A graph consists of nodes which represent the entities (birth defects in the present work), and edges that join nodes indicating the relationships among them. The aim of the present study was to validate the graph theory methods to study birth defect associations. All birth defects monitoring records from the Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas gathered between 1967 and 2017 were used. From around 5 million live and stillborn infants, 170,430 had one or more birth defects. Volume-adjusted Chi-Square was used to determine the association strength between two birth defects and to weight the graph edges. The complete birth defect graph showed a Log-Normal degree distribution and its characteristics differed from random, scale-free and small-world graphs. The graph comprised 118 nodes and 550 edges. Birth defects with the highest centrality values were nonspecific codes such as Other upper limb anomalies. After partition, the graph yielded 12 groups; most of them were recognizable and included conditions such as VATER and OEIS associations, and Patau syndrome. Our findings validate the graph theory methods to study birth defect associations. This method may contribute to identify underlying etiopathogeneses as well as to improve coding systems.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 511
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Explicación de las disparidades raciales en la salud neonatal en Brasil

    Kwame A. Nyarko / Jorge López-Camelo / Eduardo E. Castilla / George L. Wehby

    Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, Vol 35, Iss 4, Pp 305-

    2014  Volume 316

    Abstract: OBJETIVOS: Buscamos cuantificar la manera en que los efectos socioeconómicos, demográficos, geográficos y de atención de salud explican las disparidades raciales en las tasas de bajo peso al nacer y prematuridad en Brasil. MÉTODOS: Utilizamos una muestra ...

    Abstract OBJETIVOS: Buscamos cuantificar la manera en que los efectos socioeconómicos, demográficos, geográficos y de atención de salud explican las disparidades raciales en las tasas de bajo peso al nacer y prematuridad en Brasil. MÉTODOS: Utilizamos una muestra de 8 949 niños nacidos entre 1995 y el 2009 en 15 ciudades y 7 provincias de Brasil. Nos centramos en las disparidades en la prevalencia de bajo peso al nacer (< 2 500 g) y prematuridad (< 37 semanas de gestación) en recién nacidos de ascendencia solo africana o mezclada con otras ascendencias y de ascendencia solo europea. Usamos un modelo de descomposición para cuantificar la contribución de los factores conceptualmente pertinentes a esas disparidades. RESULTADOS: El modelo permitió explicar entre 45% y 94% de las disparidades en cuanto al bajo peso al nacer y entre 64% y 94% de las disparidades en cuanto a la prematuridad entre los grupos de ascendencia africana y de ascendencia europea. Las diferencias en el uso de atención prenatal y en la ubicación geográfica fueron los factores más importantes, seguidos por las diferencias socioeconómicas. El modelo permitió explicar la mayoría de las disparidades en los recién nacidos de ascendencia africana mezclada y parte de las disparidades en los de ascendencia solo africana. CONCLUSIONES: En las políticas públicas para mejorar la salud infantil se deben abordar las diferencias en cuanto a la atención prenatal y la ubicación geográfica a fin de reducir las disparidades en materia de salud entre los recién nacidos de ascendencia africana y los de ascendencia europea en Brasil.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Pan American Health Organization
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: A consensus statement on birth defects surveillance, prevention, and care in Latin America and the Caribbean

    Ignacio Zarante / Paula Hurtado-Villa / Salimah R. Walani / Vijaya Kancherla / Jorge López Camelo / Roberto Giugliani / Boris Groisman / Christopher P. Howson / Pablo Durán

    Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, Vol 43, Iss 2, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 6

    Abstract: Birth defects contribute up to 21% of the mortality in those under 5 years of age in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), and that burden has been compounded by the Zika virus epidemic. In 2001, the March of Dimes launched a series of biennial ... ...

    Abstract Birth defects contribute up to 21% of the mortality in those under 5 years of age in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), and that burden has been compounded by the Zika virus epidemic. In 2001, the March of Dimes launched a series of biennial assemblies called the International Conference on Birth Defects and Disabilities in the Developing World (ICBD). The latest ICBD, in 2017, convened in Bogotá, Colombia, and was attended by over 300 professionals, policymakers, and donors. The conference attendees, a majority of whom were from LAC, supported a call to action in the form of a consensus statement. The consensus statement lists key actions for maximizing birth defects surveillance, prevention, and care in LAC: 1) improving surveillance; 2) reducing risks for birth defects; 3) fortifying staple foods; 4) preventing and treating infections associated with birth defects; 5) implementing newborn screening; 6) providing care and services for people with birth defects and disabilities; 7) involving governments, civil society, and international agencies; and 8) advancing research for birth defects. Implementation and scale-up of evidence-based interventions using multisectoral and multidisciplinary collaborative approaches were endorsed. LAC countries can leverage technology and social media to advance and advocate for approaches identified in the consensus statement. The consensus statement can be used as a guide by both governments and nongovernmental agencies to take immediate steps for improving the quality of life of those living with birth defects and associated disabilities in the LAC countries.
    Keywords Congenital abnormalities ; epidemiology ; medical care ; neonatal screening ; prenatal diagnosis ; primary prevention ; surveillance ; Latin America ; West Indies ; Medicine ; R ; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Pan American Health Organization
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Biomarkers in Mild Stages of Alzheimer’s disease

    Carol Dillon / Patricio Pérez Leguizamon / Silvina Heisecke / Diego M. Castro / Jorge Lopez Camelo / Leandro Lon / Cecilia M. Serrano / Veronica Guelar / Fernando E. Taragano

    Functional Foods in Health and Disease, Vol 6, Iss 10, Pp 627-

    Utility in clinical practice and their relation with nutritional and lifestyle factors

    2016  Volume 649

    Abstract: Background: The use of biomarkers in basic and clinical research as well as in clinical practice has become so common that their presence as primary endpoints in clinical trials is now accepted. A biomarker refers to a broad subcategory of medical signs. ...

    Abstract Background: The use of biomarkers in basic and clinical research as well as in clinical practice has become so common that their presence as primary endpoints in clinical trials is now accepted. A biomarker refers to a broad subcategory of medical signs. The aims of this article are to consider the of use biomarkers in Mild stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in research and clinical settings, in addition to defining their utility in clinical practice relating this with nutritional and lifestyle factors as possible treatment. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, and AgeLine databases using different keywords. Conclusions: A summary of the utility of biomarkers in AD and nutritional and lifestyle factors used as treatment in mild stages are described.
    Keywords Biomarkers ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Dementia ; Utility ; Clinical practice ; Nutritional and Lifestyle Factors ; Early treatment ; Nutrition. Foods and food supply ; TX341-641 ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Food Science Publisher
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: ECLAMC

    Julio Nazer H / Jorge López-Camelo / Eduardo E Castilla

    Revista Médica de Chile, Vol 129, Iss 5, Pp 531-

    Estudio de 30 años de vigilancia epidemiológica de defectos de tubo neural en Chile y en Latinoamérica Results of thirty years of epidemiological surveillance of neural tube defects

    2001  Volume 539

    Abstract: Background: There is an urgent need to assess the impact, on the incidence of neural tube defects, of the recently implanted flour fortification with folic acid in Chile. The Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations in Latin America (ECLAMC) has ... ...

    Abstract Background: There is an urgent need to assess the impact, on the incidence of neural tube defects, of the recently implanted flour fortification with folic acid in Chile. The Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations in Latin America (ECLAMC) has carried out an uninterrupted register of congenital malformations in the last thirty years Aim: To assess the epidemiology of neural tube defects in Chile and determine the most adequate base period to evaluate the effects of Folic acid fortification. Material and methods: analysis of ECLAMC database that has registered all births over 500 g from 1967. Results: From 1967 to 1999, there were 434.624 births in 18 hospitals in Chile and 3.586.569 births in 155 hospitals in the rest of Latin America. The rate of neural tube defects in Chile was 17.03 per 10.000, significantly higher than the rest of ECLAMC (14.88 per 10.000). The prevalence of neural tube defects has a statistically significant secular tendency to increase in the study period and is higher among stillbirths, newborns with a birth weight of less than 1500 g, women and offspring of mothers aged less than 19 years old. Conclusions: The period 1982-1999 is considered the best period for reference comparisons of the effects folic acid supplementation (Rev Méd Chile 2001; 129: 531-9)
    Keywords Abnormalities ; Genetics ; medical ; Neural tube defects ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
    Subject code 621
    Language Spanish
    Publishing date 2001-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Sociedad Médica de Santiago
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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