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  1. Article ; Online: The Human Cutaneous Sensory Corpuscles

    Ramón Cobo / Jorge García-Piqueras / Juan Cobo / José A. Vega

    Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 2, p

    An Update

    2021  Volume 227

    Abstract: Sensory corpuscles of human skin are terminals of primary mechanoreceptive neurons associated with non-neuronal cells that function as low-threshold mechanoreceptors. Structurally, they consist of an extreme tip of a mechanosensory axon and ... ...

    Abstract Sensory corpuscles of human skin are terminals of primary mechanoreceptive neurons associated with non-neuronal cells that function as low-threshold mechanoreceptors. Structurally, they consist of an extreme tip of a mechanosensory axon and nonmyelinating peripheral glial cells variably arranged according to the morphotype of the sensory corpuscle, all covered for connective cells of endoneurial and/or perineurial origin. Although the pathologies of sensitive corpuscles are scarce and almost never severe, adequate knowledge of the structure and immunohistochemical profile of these formations is essential for dermatologists and pathologists. In fact, since sensory corpuscles and nerves share a basic structure and protein composition, a cutaneous biopsy may be a complementary method for the analysis of nerve involvement in peripheral neuropathies, systemic diseases, and several pathologies of the central nervous system. Thus, a biopsy of cutaneous sensory corpuscles can provide information for the diagnosis, evolution, and effectiveness of treatments of some pathologies in which they are involved. Here, we updated and summarized the current knowledge about the immunohistochemistry of human sensory corpuscles with the aim to provide information to dermatologists and skin pathologists.
    Keywords skin sensory innervation ; sensory corpuscles ; Meissner corpuscles ; Ruffini corpuscles ; Pacinian corpuscles ; human ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Immunohistochemical Characterization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Canine Lymphomas

    Sergio Vázquez / Raquel Vallejo / José Espinosa / Noive Arteche / José A. Vega / Valentín Pérez

    Animals, Vol 11, Iss 2301, p

    2021  Volume 2301

    Abstract: Macrophages have been confirmed to play a significant role in the behavior of human lymphomas, albeit no consistent data are so far available in canine lymphomas. The present study characterizes the macrophages present in cases of canine nodal lymphoma ... ...

    Abstract Macrophages have been confirmed to play a significant role in the behavior of human lymphomas, albeit no consistent data are so far available in canine lymphomas. The present study characterizes the macrophages present in cases of canine nodal lymphoma and their relationship with the histological grade and the immunophenotype. Samples from the lymph nodes of 25 dogs diagnosed with lymphoma were selected. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the tumor immunophenotype (CD3 and CD20 antibodies) and macrophage characterization (Iba1, MAC387, CD204, CD163 and iNOS antibodies). Macrophage counting was performed in 10 randomly selected, high-power fields per sample. Generalized linear models with Poisson distribution were used for statistical analysis. A significantly greater number of macrophages (Iba1+) were detected in high-grade and B-cell lymphomas. The highest amount of both M1 (iNOS+) and M2 (CD204+ and CD163+) subtypes were observed in B-cell lymphomas. High-grade lymphomas showed a greater number of CD204+ and CD163+ cells and recently recruited MAC387+ macrophages. The latter were most abundant in T than in B-cell lymphomas. In conclusion, a significant population of macrophages is present in canine lymphomas, which constitute a heterogeneous population that shows variations in the amount and immunohistochemical profile according to the histological grade and immunophenotype.
    Keywords canine ; histology ; immunohistochemistry ; lymphoma ; macrophages ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Subject code 630 ; 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Effects of pre-fire site preparation and post-fire erosion barriers on soil erosion after a wildfire in NW Spain

    Fernández, Cristina / Teresa Fontúrbel / José A. Vega

    Catena. 2019 Jan., v. 172

    2019  

    Abstract: Thousands of hectares of conifer plantations are affected every year by wildfire and subsequent erosion in the Mediterranean region. However, little is known about how post-fire erosion is influenced by the mechanical site preparation (MSP) techniques ... ...

    Abstract Thousands of hectares of conifer plantations are affected every year by wildfire and subsequent erosion in the Mediterranean region. However, little is known about how post-fire erosion is influenced by the mechanical site preparation (MSP) techniques used at plantation establishment. Such information is needed for planning further reforestation, for reducing the hydrological impact of wildfire and subsequent soil degradation, and for favouring the natural resilience of perturbed ecosystems. Here we present a study conducted in NW Spain to evaluate how two MSP techniques commonly used at plantation establishment- hole planting and contour rip-plowing-, affected post-wildfire soil erosion and some edaphic properties (carbon content, penetration resistance, bulk density and aggregate stability) compared to the absence of intervention. The possible relationships between the soil properties and post-fire soil erosion were also examined. Finally, the effectiveness of erosion barriers, installed in burned sites originally established by hole planting and contour rip-plowing was evaluated. At the end of the two-year long study period, the accumulated soil loss was significantly lower in the contour rip-plowing treatment (0.7 Mg ha⁻¹) than in the hole planting treatment (6.7 Mg ha⁻¹) and the no intervention treatment (4.9 Mg ha⁻¹), but did not differ in the latter two treatments. Erosion barriers did not reduce post-fire soil erosion, which varied from 2.1 Mg ha⁻¹ in the contour rip-plowing + erosion barriers treatment to 8.3 Mg ha⁻¹ in the hole planting + erosion barriers treatment. Soil loss was related to soil burn severity. No significant relationship was observed between sediment production and any of the soil properties considered. The recovery of vegetation cover was not affected by the site preparation technique used. The study findings can be applied to reforestation planning and post-fire emergency stabilization actions.
    Keywords aggregate stability ; bulk density ; carbon ; conifers ; ecosystems ; hydrology ; planning ; plantations ; planting ; reforestation ; resistance to penetration ; sediments ; site preparation ; soil erosion ; vegetation cover ; wildfires ; Mediterranean region ; Spain
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-01
    Size p. 691-698.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 519608-5
    ISSN 1872-6887 ; 0008-7769 ; 0341-8162
    ISSN (online) 1872-6887 ; 0008-7769
    ISSN 0341-8162
    DOI 10.1016/j.catena.2018.09.038
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Mastication of burned non-commercial P. sylvestris L. stands: Effects on soil erosion and vegetation recovery

    Fernández, Cristina / Teresa Fontúrbel / José A. Vega

    Forest ecology and management. 2019 July 01, v. 443

    2019  

    Abstract: Forest mastication is frequently used as a fuel reduction treatment aimed at minimising severe wildfires in fire prone areas worldwide. In recent years, mastication of non-commercial burned trees has become common practice in NW Spain, as a way of ... ...

    Abstract Forest mastication is frequently used as a fuel reduction treatment aimed at minimising severe wildfires in fire prone areas worldwide. In recent years, mastication of non-commercial burned trees has become common practice in NW Spain, as a way of providing cover on the burned soil and preventing erosion. However, little is known about the possible effects on soil conservation and vegetation recovery. In this study, 20 experimental plots were established in a Pinus sylvestris L. plantation affected by a crown fire that caused moderate-high soil burn severity in the summer of 2016. Immediately after the fire, burned trees were masticated in half of the plots, while burned trees were left standing in the other half of the plots during the first two years after the fire. The objectives of the study were to determine how mastication affected soil erosion, soil physical properties (soil penetration resistance, soil shear strength, soil bulk density) and vegetation recovery. The masticated material covered 43% of the burned soil. During the first year after wildfire + mastication, precipitation was lower than the annual mean level in the area, and the mean soil loss in the untreated burned soils (5.7 Mg ha−1) was not significantly different from that in the masticated plots (5.0 Mg ha−1). Mastication did not have any detrimental effects on either the soil physical properties analysed or on the regeneration of natural vegetation. The results indicated that in addition to mastication of severely burned non-commercial trees, extra mulch should be applied to reduce the risk of soil erosion. Mastication after wildfire is not detrimental to soil conservation. No advantage was obtained by leaving the standing burned trees on site, in relation to reducing soil erosion or enhancing vegetation recovery.
    Keywords Pinus sylvestris ; forests ; fuels (fire ecology) ; mastication ; mulches ; risk reduction ; shear strength ; soil conservation ; soil density ; soil erosion ; soil penetration resistance ; summer ; trees ; wildfires ; Spain
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0701
    Size p. 51-58.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 751138-3
    ISSN 0378-1127
    ISSN 0378-1127
    DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.04.012
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Acid-Sensing Ion Channels’ Immunoreactivity in Nerve Profiles and Glomus Cells of the Human Carotid Body

    Graciela Martínez-Barbero / Yolanda García-Mesa / Ramón Cobo / Patricia Cuendias / Benjamín Martín-Biedma / Olivia García-Suárez / Jorge Feito / Teresa Cobo / José A. Vega

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 24, p

    2023  Volume 17161

    Abstract: The carotid body is a major peripheral chemoreceptor that senses changes in arterial blood oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH, which is important for the regulation of breathing and cardiovascular function. The mechanisms by which the carotid body senses O 2 ...

    Abstract The carotid body is a major peripheral chemoreceptor that senses changes in arterial blood oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH, which is important for the regulation of breathing and cardiovascular function. The mechanisms by which the carotid body senses O 2 and CO 2 are well known; conversely, the mechanisms by which it senses pH variations are almost unknown. Here, we used immunohistochemistry to investigate how the human carotid body contributes to the detection of acidosis, analyzing whether it expresses acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) and determining whether these channels are in the chemosensory glomic cells or in the afferent nerves. In ASIC1, ASIC2, and ASIC3, and to a much lesser extent ASIC4, immunoreactivity was detected in subpopulations of type I glomus cells, as well as in the nerves of the carotid body. In addition, immunoreactivity was found for all ASIC subunits in the neurons of the petrosal and superior cervical sympathetic ganglia, where afferent and efferent neurons are located, respectively, innervating the carotid body. This study reports for the first time the occurrence of ASIC proteins in the human carotid body, demonstrating that they are present in glomus chemosensory cells (ASIC1 < ASIC2 > ASIC3 > ASIC4) and nerves, presumably in both the afferent and efferent neurons supplying the organ. These results suggest that the detection of acidosis by the carotid body can be mediated via the ASIC ion channels present in the type I glomus cells or directly via sensory nerve fibers.
    Keywords carotid body ; glomus cells ; nerves ; acid-sensing ion channels ; immunohistochemistry ; human ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Novel deep learning method for coronary artery tortuosity detection through coronary angiography

    Miriam Cobo / Francisco Pérez-Rojas / Constanza Gutiérrez-Rodríguez / Ignacio Heredia / Patricio Maragaño-Lizama / Francisca Yung-Manriquez / Lara Lloret Iglesias / José A. Vega

    Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Coronary artery tortuosity is usually an undetected condition in patients undergoing coronary angiography. This condition requires a longer examination by the specialist to be detected. Yet, detailed knowledge of the morphology of coronary ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Coronary artery tortuosity is usually an undetected condition in patients undergoing coronary angiography. This condition requires a longer examination by the specialist to be detected. Yet, detailed knowledge of the morphology of coronary arteries is essential for planning any interventional treatment, such as stenting. We aimed to analyze coronary artery tortuosity in coronary angiography with artificial intelligence techniques to develop an algorithm capable of automatically detecting this condition in patients. This work uses deep learning techniques, in particular, convolutional neural networks, to classify patients into tortuous or non-tortuous based on their coronary angiography. The developed model was trained both on left (Spider) and right (45°/0°) coronary angiographies following a fivefold cross-validation procedure. A total of 658 coronary angiographies were included. Experimental results demonstrated satisfactory performance of our image-based tortuosity detection system, with a test accuracy of (87 ± 6)%. The deep learning model had a mean area under the curve of 0.96 ± 0.03 over the test sets. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values of the model for detecting coronary artery tortuosity were (87 ± 10)%, (88 ± 10)%, (89 ± 8)%, and (88 ± 9)%, respectively. Deep learning convolutional neural networks were found to have comparable sensitivity and specificity with independent experts’ radiological visual examination for detecting coronary artery tortuosity for a conservative threshold of 0.5. These findings have promising applications in the field of cardiology and medical imaging.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Effects of mulching and post-fire salvage logging on soil erosion and vegetative regrowth in NW Spain

    Fernández, Cristina / José A. Vega

    Forest ecology and management. 2016 Sept. 01, v. 375

    2016  

    Abstract: Mulching is frequently used to reduce runoff and erosion following high-severity wildfires. In commercial forest stands, post-fire salvage logging is common practice, although it can lead to increased erosion losses in recently burned areas. Field ... ...

    Abstract Mulching is frequently used to reduce runoff and erosion following high-severity wildfires. In commercial forest stands, post-fire salvage logging is common practice, although it can lead to increased erosion losses in recently burned areas. Field research concerning the effects of post-fire salvage logging on sediment production is limited and the effects of clearcutting in areas previously treated by mulching are not known. In this study, 36 experimental plots were established in three experimental sites affected by crown fires that caused moderate-high soil burn severity in the summer of 2013. Immediately after the fire, bark strands mulch was applied in 18 of the plots. Salvage logging took place at the end of the first winter following fire. Post logging treatments were: mulching+salvage logging, no mulching+salvage logging and no mulching+no logging. The objectives of the study were to determine whether mulching mitigates soil erosion caused by fire and salvage logging and also to assess the possible effects of wildfire and salvage logging, with and without mulching, on vegetation recovery. During the six month period lapsed between the wildfire and salvage logging, precipitation was higher than the annual mean in the area, and the average soil loss in the untreated burned soils was 18.5Mgha−1. In that period, mulching significantly reduced soil loss (84%). In the 18-month period following salvage logging and in the absence of mulch, there was no increase in erosion due to logging (8.7Mgha−1) compared with the unlogged treatment (7.0Mgha−1) whereas mulching reduced significantly soil losses even after logging (2.3Mgha−1). Neither mulching nor salvage logging had any detrimental effects on the regeneration of natural vegetation. Our results showed that the mulching just after a fire can substantially reduce the subsequent erosion due to post-fire salvage logging without any significant adverse effects on vegetative regrowth. In addition, leaving the standing burned trees seemed not to be a feasible management option to reduce post-fire erosion and enhance vegetation recovery in those kind of stands.
    Keywords bark ; clearcutting ; field experimentation ; forest stands ; mulches ; mulching ; natural regeneration ; regrowth ; runoff ; salvage logging ; sediments ; soil ; soil erosion ; summer ; trees ; vegetation ; wildfires ; Spain
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-0901
    Size p. 46-54.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 751138-3
    ISSN 0378-1127
    ISSN 0378-1127
    DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.05.024
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Shrub recovery after fuel reduction treatments in a gorse shrubland in northern Spain

    Fernández, Cristina / José A. Vega

    Journal of environmental management. 2016 Jan. 15, v. 166

    2016  

    Abstract: Land managers need information about the environmental effects of fuel reduction techniques to select the most appropriate treatments in terms of conservation of ecosystem diversity and function. In this study, shrub cover recovery was monitored during ... ...

    Abstract Land managers need information about the environmental effects of fuel reduction techniques to select the most appropriate treatments in terms of conservation of ecosystem diversity and function. In this study, shrub cover recovery was monitored during the first four years after prescribed burning, clearing and mastication in a gorse shrubland dominated by Ulex gallii Planch. in northern Spain. Twelve experimental plots were installed just before treatments where plant cover was measured. All plant species present were identified, their frequency recorded and alpha diversity, richness and evenness determined. No differences between fuel treatments were observed for total shrub cover during the duration of the study. However, at the end of the study period, cover by Ericaceae shrubs and grasses was almost two times higher than the pre-treatment values, for all treatments. The treatments did not have different effects on gamma diversity or evenness during the four year interval, although higher species richness was measured in the burned plots than in the masticated or cleared ones throughout the study period. However, a redundancy analysis showed that the variation in species frequency during the study period was not related to the type of treatment applied. Fuel treatments significantly affected the shrubland under study in the short and medium term. The increase in Ericaceae shrubs and grasses cover may shift the long-term community composition. Long-term studies are required to establish whether the observed response lasts in time.
    Keywords community structure ; ecosystems ; environmental impact ; Ericaceae ; fuels ; grasses ; mastication ; prescribed burning ; shrublands ; shrubs ; species diversity ; Ulex gallii ; Spain
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-0115
    Size p. 211-216.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 184882-3
    ISSN 1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
    ISSN (online) 1095-8630
    ISSN 0301-4797
    DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.028
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article: Are erosion barriers and straw mulching effective for controlling soil erosion after a high severity wildfire in NW Spain?

    Fernández, Cristina / José A. Vega

    Ecological engineering. 2016 Feb., v. 87

    2016  

    Abstract: Erosion barriers have traditionally been used in Europe by land managers to reduce runoff and erosion after high severity wildfires. However, field research investigating the effectiveness of this treatment is scarce in Europe. Previous research in the ... ...

    Abstract Erosion barriers have traditionally been used in Europe by land managers to reduce runoff and erosion after high severity wildfires. However, field research investigating the effectiveness of this treatment is scarce in Europe. Previous research in the US and Europe has demonstrated that application of straw mulch at a rate of 2Mgha−1 effectively reduced post-fire sediment yields. For logistic and economic reasons, it would be useful to know whether a small reduction (25%) in the amount of straw mulch applied would significantly reduce the effectiveness of the treatment. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of a low rate of straw mulching (1.5Mgha−1) and of erosion barriers in reducing soil erosion during the first three years after a wildfire in Galicia (NW Spain). Twelve experimental plots (80m2) were established along a hillslope burned at high severity. During the three years of study, the accumulated soil loss in the untreated burned soils was 77.9Mgha−1. Mulching and erosion barriers both reduced soil loss (by respectively 38% and 26%). In all cases, soil erosion losses were high during the first two years after fire, which is an unusual response in the area. Maximum concentrated precipitation (rainfall >20mm accumulated in two consecutive days) and the Wischmeier's rainfall erosivity factor were the variables most strongly associated with soil loss during the study period. Although erosion barriers and mulch cover both reduced soil loss, relative to the untreated control, the effectiveness of these measures was low after the high-severity wildfire in an area affected by high rainfall. The lack of effect of vegetation cover on soil loss highlights the need for emergency measures to be implemented immediately after fire to protect the soil from erosion.
    Keywords erosion control ; mulching ; rain ; runoff ; sediments ; soil ; soil erosion ; straw ; straw mulches ; vegetation cover ; wildfires ; Spain
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-02
    Size p. 132-138.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1127407-4
    ISSN 0925-8574
    ISSN 0925-8574
    DOI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.11.047
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article: Vegetative growth response of Cytisus oromediterraneus to fuel reduction treatments

    Fernández, Cristina / José A. Vega / Teresa Fontúrbel

    Plant ecology. 2018 Mar., v. 219, no. 3

    2018  

    Abstract: Studies of the effects of fuel reduction treatments on the recovery of shrubland communities have increased substantially in recent years. However, the effects on the resprouting response of shrubs have been less well studied, even though such ... ...

    Abstract Studies of the effects of fuel reduction treatments on the recovery of shrubland communities have increased substantially in recent years. However, the effects on the resprouting response of shrubs have been less well studied, even though such information would help land managers select the most appropriate treatment. Cytisus oromediterraneus Riv. Mart. is a species characteristic of the Mediterranean basin, where it occupies a vast area of the terrain. It is a facultative resprouter and can thus regenerate asexually, although little is known about its response to prescribed fire or mechanical treatments. In this study, we evaluated the resprouting ability of this species during the first 2 years after the application of prescribed burning and two different types of mechanical treatments (clearing and mastication). Plant mortality after the treatments was low and did not differ between treatments. The number of resprouted shoots was higher after clearing than after both prescribed burning and mastication, but did not differ between the latter two treatments. Most of the shoots are in ramets originated from the rootstocks. The pre-treatment plant size favored the plant resprouting response after fuel reduction treatments. The minimum stem diameter and plant height, proxy measures of treatment severity, were not related to the number of resprouted shoots. The degree of soil compaction after treatments negatively affected the C. oromediterraneus resprouting response. The number of resprouted shoots of C. oromediterraneus was not affected by any of the thermal parameters, indicating its resilience to fire.
    Keywords Cytisus ; basins ; fuels ; landscapes ; managers ; mastication ; mechanical methods ; mortality ; plant height ; prescribed burning ; rootstocks ; shoots ; shrublands ; shrubs ; soil compaction ; thermal properties ; vegetative growth
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-03
    Size p. 251-259.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1364679-5
    ISSN 1573-5052 ; 1385-0237
    ISSN (online) 1573-5052
    ISSN 1385-0237
    DOI 10.1007/s11258-018-0793-7
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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