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  1. Article ; Online: Antibiotic Susceptibility and Biofilm Production among Coagulase Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Clinical Samples at Tertiary Care Hospital.

    Shah, Pradeep Kumar / Bhandari, Niru / Tamang, Basanta / Joshi, Rajendra D

    Journal of Nepal Health Research Council

    2024  Volume 21, Issue 4, Page(s) 636–641

    Abstract: Background: Coagulase Negative Staphylococci have been widely associated with medical device implant treatment and immune-compromised patients. Despite having increasing interest in Coagulase Negative Staphylococci, few studies from Nepal have reported ... ...

    Abstract Background: Coagulase Negative Staphylococci have been widely associated with medical device implant treatment and immune-compromised patients. Despite having increasing interest in Coagulase Negative Staphylococci, few studies from Nepal have reported the association of these organisms with urinary tract infections, conjunctivitis, high vaginal swabs, and cerebrospinal fluid. This study was carried out to determine antibiotic susceptibility pattern and biofilm production among Coagulase Negative Staphylococci isolated from clinical samples at tertiary care hospital.
    Methods: This study was a hospital based cross-sectional study in which 3690 clinical samples were included. Isolation and identification of isolates was done following standard microbiological protocol. Coagulase Negative Staphylococci were identified phenotypically on the basis of gram staining, slide and tube coagulase test and by various sugar fermentation tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done following Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2020). Biofilm production was determined by Tissue Culture Plate technique.
    Results: A total of 113 isolates of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci were detected. Among them S. epidermidis (45.1%), S. saprophyticus (23.9%), S. haemolyticus (16.8%), S. hominis (5.3%), S. capitis (2.7%), -----S. cohini (1.8%), S. lugdunensis (1.8%) and S. sciuri (2.7%) were identified phenotypically. All isolates were found to be resistant against Ampicillin and 111 (98.2%) were sensitive against Linezolid.23.9% of CoNS were strong biofilm producers, 19.5% moderate and 56.6 % were non/weak biofilm producers.
    Conclusions: It requires susceptibility test for prescribing antibiotics against Coagulase Negative Staphylococci in hospital and the misuse of antibiotics should be prevented.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Coagulase ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Nepal ; Staphylococcus ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Biofilms
    Chemical Substances Coagulase ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-31
    Publishing country Nepal
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2551251-1
    ISSN 1999-6217 ; 1999-6217
    ISSN (online) 1999-6217
    ISSN 1999-6217
    DOI 10.33314/jnhrc.v21i4.4894
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: In vitro antitumor properties of a novel cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, P276-00.

    Joshi, Kalpana S / Rathos, Maggie J / Joshi, Rajendra D / Sivakumar, Meenakshi / Mascarenhas, Malcolm / Kamble, Shrikant / Lal, Bansi / Sharma, Somesh

    Molecular cancer therapeutics

    2007  Volume 6, Issue 3, Page(s) 918–925

    Abstract: Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk) and their associated pathways represent some of the most attractive targets for the development of anticancer therapeutics. Based on antitumor activity in animal models, a variety of Cdk inhibitors are undergoing clinical ... ...

    Abstract Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk) and their associated pathways represent some of the most attractive targets for the development of anticancer therapeutics. Based on antitumor activity in animal models, a variety of Cdk inhibitors are undergoing clinical evaluation either as a single agent or in combination with other approved drugs. In our anticancer drug discovery program, a novel series of flavones have been synthesized for evaluation against the activity of Cdk4-D1. This enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein, thus inhibiting its function. We have identified a series of potent Cdk4-D1 inhibitors with IC(50) below 250 nmol/L. In this report, we have described the properties of one of the best compound, P276-00 of the flavone's series. P276-00 shows 40-fold selectivity toward Cdk4-D1, compared with Cdk2-E. The specificity toward 14 other related and unrelated kinases was also determined. P276-00 was found to be more selective with IC(50)s <100 nmol/L for Cdk4-D1, Cdk1-B, and Cdk9-T1, as compared with other Cdks, and less selective for non-Cdk kinases. It showed potent antiproliferative effects against various human cancer cell lines, with an IC(50) ranging from 300 to 800 nmol/L and was further compared for its antiproliferative activity against cancer and normal fibroblast cell lines. P276-00 was found to be highly selective for cancer cells as compared with normal fibroblast cells. To delineate its mechanism of action, the effect of P276-00 on cell cycle proteins was studied in human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and human non-small cell lung carcinoma (H-460). A significant down-regulation of cyclin D1 and Cdk4 and a decrease in Cdk4-specific pRb Ser(780) phosphorylation was observed. P276-00 produced potent inhibition of Cdk4-D1 activity that was found to be competitive with ATP and not with retinoblastoma protein. The compound also induced apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells, as evidenced by the induction of caspase-3 and DNA ladder studies. These data suggest that P276-00 has the potential to be developed as an anti-Cdk chemotherapeutic agent.
    MeSH term(s) Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms/enzymology ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/enzymology ; Caspase 3/metabolism ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured/drug effects ; Cyclin D1/metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Flavones/chemistry ; Flavones/pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells/drug effects ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Lung Neoplasms/enzymology ; Molecular Structure ; Phosphorylation/drug effects ; Retinoblastoma Protein/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Flavones ; P276-00 ; Retinoblastoma Protein ; Cyclin D1 (136601-57-5) ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 (EC 2.7.11.22) ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (EC 2.7.11.22) ; Caspase 3 (EC 3.4.22.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2063563-1
    ISSN 1538-8514 ; 1535-7163
    ISSN (online) 1538-8514
    ISSN 1535-7163
    DOI 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0613
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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