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Article: Evaluation of net primary productivity and its spatial and temporal patterns in southern China’s grasslands

Sun, Z. G / Long, X. H / Sun, C. M / Zhou, W / Ju, W. M / Li, J. L

Rangeland journal. 2013, v. 35, no. 3

2013

Abstract: The net primary productivity (NPP) of grassland ecosystems is an important indicator of the capacity for carbon (C) absorption. The Global Production Efficiency Model was adopted to simulate NPP in southern China’s grasslands and to analyse the temporal ... ...

Abstract	The net primary productivity (NPP) of grassland ecosystems is an important indicator of the capacity for carbon (C) absorption. The Global Production Efficiency Model was adopted to simulate NPP in southern China’s grasslands and to analyse the temporal and spatial dynamics from 1981 to 2000. There was a high correlation between measured and simulated values (R2=0.84). Based on the data from 1981 to 2000, the mean annual NPP was 1082gCm-2 year-1, and the highest value (1798gCm-2 year-1) was in Hainan province, and the lowest value (500gCm-2 year-1) was in south-western Tibet. The highest mean NPP values were in the permanent wetlands (1193gCm-2 year-1) and savannas (1137gCm-2 year-1); woody savannas had an intermediate value (1087gCm-2 year-1), and the lowest NPP occurred in typical grasslands and open shrubs, the mean values were 709 and 689gCm-2 year-1, respectively. Temporally, the total NPP in southern China’s grasslands slightly increased in the 20-year period, especially from 1981 to 1990. The mean annual total of NPP in the 20 years was 0.758 Pg C. Inter-annual variation in total NPP was driven mainly by mean annual temperature rather than mean annual precipitation. The results suggest that grassland ecosystems in southern China have a large C sink.
Keywords	absorption ; atmospheric precipitation ; carbon ; ecosystems ; grasslands ; primary productivity ; savannas ; shrubs ; simulation models ; temperature ; wetlands ; China
Language	English
Size	p. 331-338.
Publishing place	CSIRO Publishing
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1082716-x
ISSN	1036-9872
ISSN	1036-9872
DOI	10.1071/RJ12061
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Future carbon balance of China's forests under climate change and increasing CO2.

Ju, W M / Chen, J M / Harvey, D / Wang, S

Journal of environmental management

2007 Volume 85, Issue 3, Page(s) 538–562

Abstract: The possible response of the carbon (C) balance of China's forests to an increase in atmospheric CO(2) concentration and climate change was investigated through a series of simulations using the Integrated Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon (InTEC) model, ... ...

Abstract	The possible response of the carbon (C) balance of China's forests to an increase in atmospheric CO(2) concentration and climate change was investigated through a series of simulations using the Integrated Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon (InTEC) model, which explicitly represents the effects of climate, CO(2) concentration, and nitrogen deposition on future C sequestration by forests. Two climate change scenarios (CGCM2-A2 and -B2) were used to drive the model. Simulations showed that China's forests were a C sink in the 1990 s, averaging 189 Tg C yr(-1) (about 13% of the global total). This sink peaks around 2020 and then gradually declines to 33.5 Tg C yr(-1) during 2091-2100 without climate and CO(2) changes. Effects of pure climate change of CGCM2-A2 and -B2 without allowing CO(2) effects on C assimilation in plants might reduce the average net primary productivity (NPP) of China's forests by 29% and 18% during 2091-2100, respectively. Total soil C stocks might decrease by 16% and 11% during this period. China's forests might broadly act as C sources during 2091-2100, with values of about 50 g Cm(-2)yr(-1) under the moderate warming of CGCM2-B2 and 50-200 g Cm(-2)yr(-1) under the warmer scenario of CGCM2-A2. An increase in CO(2) might broadly increase future C sequestration of China's forests. However, this CO(2) fertilization effect might decline with time. The CO(2) fertilization effects on NPP by the end of this century are 349.6 and 241.7 Tg C yr(-1) under CGCM2-A2 and -B2 increase scenarios, respectively. These effects increase by 199.1 and 126.6 Tg C yr(-1) in the first 50 years, and thereafter, by 150.5 and 115.1 Tg C yr(-1) in the second 50 years under CGCM2-A2 and -B2 increase scenarios, respectively. Under a CO(2) increase without climate change, the majority of China's forests would be C sinks during 2091-2100, ranging from 0 to 100 g Cm(-2)yr(-1). The positive effect of CO(2) fertilization on NPP and net ecosystem productivity would be exceeded by the negative effect of climate change after 2050. Under the CGCM2-A2 climate scenario and with direct CO(2) effects, China's forests may be a small C source of 7.6 Tg C yr(-1) during 2091-2100. Most forests act as C sources of 0-40 g Cm(-2)yr(-1). Under the CGCM2-B2 climate scenario and with direct CO(2) effects, China's forests might be a small C sink of 10.5 Tg C yr(-1) during 2091-2100, with C sequestration of most forests ranging from 0 to 40 g Cm(-2)yr(-1). Stand age structure plays a more dominant role in determining future C sequestration than CO(2) and climate change. The prediction of future C sequestration of China's forests is very sensitive to the Q(10) value used to estimate maintenance respiration and to soil water availability and less sensitive to N deposition scenario. The results are not yet comprehensive, as no forest disturbance data were available or predicted after 2001. However, the results indicate a range of possible responses of the C balance of China's forests to various scenarios of increase in CO(2) and climate change. These results could be useful for assessing measures to mitigate climate change through reforestation.
MeSH term(s)	Atmosphere/analysis ; Atmosphere/chemistry ; Biomass ; Carbon/analysis ; Carbon/metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; China ; Climate ; Ecosystem ; Environmental Monitoring ; Geography ; Greenhouse Effect ; Models, Biological ; Soil/analysis ; Time Factors ; Trees
Chemical Substances	Soil ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.04.028
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Effects of topography on simulated net primary productivity at landscape scale.

Chen, X F / Chen, J M / An, S Q / Ju, W M

Journal of environmental management

2007 Volume 85, Issue 3, Page(s) 585–596

Abstract: Local topography significantly affects spatial variations of climatic variables and soil water movement in complex terrain. Therefore, the distribution and productivity of ecosystems are closely linked to topography. Using a coupled terrestrial carbon ... ...

Abstract	Local topography significantly affects spatial variations of climatic variables and soil water movement in complex terrain. Therefore, the distribution and productivity of ecosystems are closely linked to topography. Using a coupled terrestrial carbon and hydrological model (BEPS-TerrainLab model), the topographic effects on the net primary productivity (NPP) are analyzed through four modelling experiments for a 5700 km(2) area in Baohe River basin, Shaanxi Province, northwest of China. The model was able to capture 81% of the variability in NPP estimated from tree rings, with a mean relative error of 3.1%. The average NPP in 2003 for the study area was 741 gCm(-2)yr(-1) from a model run including topographic effects on the distributions of climate variables and lateral flow of ground water. Topography has considerable effect on NPP, which peaks near 1350 m above the sea level. An elevation increase of 100 m above this level reduces the average annual NPP by about 25 gCm(-2). The terrain aspect gives rise to a NPP change of 5% for forests located below 1900 m as a result of its influence on incident solar radiation. For the whole study area, a simulation totally excluding topographic effects on the distributions of climatic variables and ground water movement overestimated the average NPP by 5%.
MeSH term(s)	Biomass ; Carbon/metabolism ; China ; Climate ; Computer Simulation ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; Fresh Water/chemistry ; Geographic Information Systems ; Geography ; Models, Biological ; Sunlight ; Time Factors ; Trees/growth & development ; Water Movements
Chemical Substances	Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.04.026
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Nested atmospheric inversion for the terrestrial carbon sources and sinks in China

Jiang, F. / Wang, H.W. / Chen, J.M. / Zhou, L.X. / Ju, W.M. / Peters, W.

Biogeosciences

2013 Volume 10, Issue 8

Abstract: In this study, we establish a~nested atmospheric inversion system with a focus on China using the Bayes theory. The global surface is separated into 43 regions based on the 22 TransCom large regions, with 13 small regions in China. Monthly CO2 ... ...

Abstract	In this study, we establish a~nested atmospheric inversion system with a focus on China using the Bayes theory. The global surface is separated into 43 regions based on the 22 TransCom large regions, with 13 small regions in China. Monthly CO2 concentrations from 130 GlobalView sites and a Hong Kong site are used in this system. The core component of this system is atmospheric transport matrix, which is created using the TM5 model with a horizontal resolution of 3° × 2°. The net carbon fluxes over the 43 global land and ocean regions are inverted for the period from 2002 to 2009. The inverted global terrestrial carbon sinks mainly occur in Boreal Asia, South and Southeast Asia, eastern US and southern South America (SA). Most China areas appear to be carbon sinks, with strongest carbon sinks located in Northeast China. From 2002 to 2009, the global terrestrial carbon sink has an increasing trend, with the lowest carbon sink in 2002. The inter-annual variation (IAV) of the land sinks shows remarkable correlation with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, no obvious trend is found for the terrestrial carbon sinks in China. The IAVs of carbon sinks in China show strong relationship with drought and temperature. The mean global and China terrestrial carbon sinks over the period 2002–2009 are -3.15 ± 1.48 and -0.21 ± 0.23 Pg C yr-1, respectively. The uncertainties in the posterior carbon flux of China are still very large, mostly due to the lack of CO2 measurement data in China.
Keywords	co2 sources ; dioxide exchange ; emissions ; flux inversion ; forests ; interannual variability ; model ; net primary production ; north-america ; transport
Subject code	950
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2158181-2
ISSN	1726-4189 ; 1726-4170
ISSN (online)	1726-4189
ISSN	1726-4170
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Grassland dynamics in response to climate change and human activities in Inner Mongolia, China between 1985 and 2009

Mu, S. J / Chen, Y. Z / Li, J. L / Ju, W. M / Odeh, I. O. A / Zou, X. L

Rangeland journal. 2013, v. 35, no. 3

2013

Abstract: China’s grassland has been undergoing rapid changes in the recent past owing to increased climate variability and a shift in grassland management strategy driven by a series of ecological restoration projects. This study investigated the spatio-temporal ... ...

Abstract	China’s grassland has been undergoing rapid changes in the recent past owing to increased climate variability and a shift in grassland management strategy driven by a series of ecological restoration projects. This study investigated the spatio-temporal dynamics of Inner Mongolia grassland, the main grassland region in China and part of the Eurasia Steppe, to detect the interactive nature of climate, ecosystems and society. Land-use and landscape patterns for the period from 1985 to 2009 were analysed based on TM- and MODIS-derived land-use data. Net Primary Productivity (NPP) estimated by using the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach model was used to assess the growth status of grassland. Furthermore, the factors related to the dynamics of grassland were analysed from the perspectives of two driving factors, climate change and human activities. The results indicated that higher temperatures and lower precipitation may generally have contributed to grassland desertification, particularly in arid regions. During the period from 1985 to 2000, a higher human population and an increase in livestock numbers were the major driving forces responsible for the consistent decrease in NPP and a relatively fragmented landscape. From 2000 to 2009, the implementation of effective ecological restoration projects has arrested the grassland deterioration in some ecologically fragile regions. However, a rapid growth of livestock numbers has sparked new degradation onnon-degraded or lightly degraded grassland, which was initially neglected by these projects. In spite of some achievement in grassland restoration, China should take further steps to develop sustainable management practices for climate adaptation and economic development to bring lasting benefits.
Keywords	arid zones ; climate change ; desertification ; ecological restoration ; economic development ; ecosystems ; grasslands ; human population ; humans ; landscapes ; livestock ; models ; population growth ; primary productivity ; range management ; society ; steppes ; temperature ; China ; Eurasia
Language	English
Size	p. 315-329.
Publishing place	CSIRO Publishing
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1082716-x
ISSN	1036-9872
ISSN	1036-9872
DOI	10.1071/RJ12042
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Effects of topography on simulated net primary productivity at landscape scale

Chen, X.F / Chen, J.M / An, S.Q / Ju, W.M

Journal of environmental management. 2007 Nov., v. 85, issue 3

2007

Keywords	montane forests ; forest types ; primary productivity ; topography ; altitude ; climatic factors ; air temperature ; solar radiation ; groundwater flow ; soil hydraulic properties ; Landsat ; remote sensing ; leaf area index ; simulation models ; mathematical models ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2007-11
Size	p. 585-596.
Document type	Article
Note	In the special issue: Carbon Sequestration in China's Forest Ecosystems edited by Jing M. Chen, Sean C. Thomas and Yongyuan Yin.
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.04.026
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Future carbon balance of China's forests under climate change and increasing CO2

Ju, W.M / Chen, J.M / Harvey, D / Wang, S

Journal of environmental management. 2007 Nov., v. 85, issue 3

2007

Keywords	forests ; forest ecosystems ; carbon dioxide ; elevated atmospheric gases ; climate change ; simulation models ; mathematical models ; carbon sequestration ; nitrogen ; primary productivity ; biogeochemical cycles ; degradation ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2007-11
Size	p. 538-562.
Document type	Article
Note	In the special issue: Carbon Sequestration in China's Forest Ecosystems edited by Jing M. Chen, Sean C. Thomas and Yongyuan Yin.
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.04.028
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Tests of soil organic carbon density modeled by InTEC in China's forest ecosystems

Shao, Y / Pan, J / Yang, L / Chen, J.M / Ju, W.M / Shi, X

Journal of environmental management. 2007 Nov., v. 85, issue 3

2007

Keywords	forest ecosystems ; temperate zones ; subtropics ; forest soils ; soil organic carbon ; soil nutrient balance ; mathematical models ; simulation models ; model validation ; vegetation types ; carbon sequestration ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2007-11
Size	p. 696-701.
Document type	Article
Note	In the special issue: Carbon Sequestration in China's Forest Ecosystems edited by Jing M. Chen, Sean C. Thomas and Yongyuan Yin.
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.09.006
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Combining remote sensing imagery and forest age inventory for biomass mapping

Zheng, G / Chen, J.M / Tian, Q.J / Ju, W.M / Xia, X.Q

Journal of environmental management. 2007 Nov., v. 85, issue 3

2007

Keywords	forest types ; mixed forests ; forest plantations ; forest inventory ; forest stands ; tree age ; topography ; Landsat ; remote sensing ; image analysis ; biomass ; carbon ; biogeochemical cycles ; leaf area index ; simulation models ; algorithms ; thematic maps ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2007-11
Size	p. 616-623.
Document type	Article
Note	In the special issue: Carbon Sequestration in China's Forest Ecosystems edited by Jing M. Chen, Sean C. Thomas and Yongyuan Yin.
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.07.015
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Tests of soil organic carbon density modeled by InTEC in China's forest ecosystems.

Shao, Y / Pan, J / Yang, L / Chen, J M / Ju, W M / Shi, X

Journal of environmental management

2007 Volume 85, Issue 3, Page(s) 696–701

Abstract: The integrated terrestrial ecosystem C-budget model (InTEC) developed by Chen and co-workers has been used successfully to predict carbon dynamics of forests in Canada. It was tested here for forest soil organic carbon (SOC) density of China's northern ... ...

Abstract	The integrated terrestrial ecosystem C-budget model (InTEC) developed by Chen and co-workers has been used successfully to predict carbon dynamics of forests in Canada. It was tested here for forest soil organic carbon (SOC) density of China's northern temperate zone and southern subtropical zone. The results show that the simulated SOC density is highly correlated and in broad agreement with observations in Liping and in Changbaishan, representing the southern subtropical zone and the northern temperate zone in China, respectively. SOC density ranged from 2.2 to 11.2 kg/m(2) in Liping and from 3.4 to 14.8 kg/m(2) in Changbaishan. The correlation coefficients (r(2)) are 0.63 (N=16) and 0.76 (N=14) between the simulated and measured data in Liping and Changbaishan, respectively. The SOC densities under different vegetation types in Liping decrease in the order of mixed forest, broadleaf forest, Chinese fir, couch grass, and Chinese redpine, and in Changbaishan in the order of mixed forest, silver fir, larch forest, and birch forest.
MeSH term(s)	Carbon/metabolism ; China ; Ecosystem ; Environmental Monitoring ; Forestry ; Geography ; Models, Biological ; Organic Chemicals/metabolism ; Plants, Edible/growth & development ; Regression Analysis ; Soil/analysis
Chemical Substances	Organic Chemicals ; Soil ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.09.006
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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