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Article ; Online: ¿Una fuente bíblica para el principio de separación de poderes?

Juan David Ramírez Echeverri

Estudios de Derecho, Vol 78, Iss

2021 Volume 172

Abstract: En contraste con la tesis de que el principio de separación de poderes tiene su fuente en el Antiguo Testamento, defendida en el marco de un “proyecto” que pretende descubrir las relaciones entre el constitucionalismo y el cristianismo, en este artículo ... ...

Abstract	En contraste con la tesis de que el principio de separación de poderes tiene su fuente en el Antiguo Testamento, defendida en el marco de un “proyecto” que pretende descubrir las relaciones entre el constitucionalismo y el cristianismo, en este artículo se afirma que dicho principio, como elemento necesario de un Estado constitucional y democrático de derecho, tiene como presupuesto necesario el proceso de la modernidad, en el sentido de la superación del teocentrismo medieval, de un lado, y de la lucha en contra del poder absoluto y despótico, del otro.
Keywords	modernidad ; secularización ; soberanía ; Constitución ; separación de poderes ; Law ; K ; Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ; K1-7720 ; Political science (General) ; JA1-92
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universidad de Antioquia
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparative analysis of β-glucosidase activity in non-conventional yeasts

JUAN CARLOS GONZÁLEZ-HERNÁNDEZ / JUAN DAVID RAMÍREZ-CONEJO / YOLANDA PATRICIA GARCÍA-AGUIRRE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, Vol 95, Iss suppl

2023 Volume 2

Abstract: Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the β-glucosidase activity in the non-conventional yeasts under cellulose, glucose and sucrose substrates. The participation of the enzyme β-glucosidase and its contribution to the enzymatic ... ...

Abstract	Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the β-glucosidase activity in the non-conventional yeasts under cellulose, glucose and sucrose substrates. The participation of the enzyme β-glucosidase and its contribution to the enzymatic degradation of tannins is known. Within the classification of tannins are ellagitannins, molecules of gallic acid and ellagic acid, which are considered as nutraceutical compounds due to the properties that they present and that they can be used in the design of food and new drugs, synthesis of materials with antimicrobial capacity. The extracellular β-glucosidase activity was mainly presented in the Candida and Pichia strains, being the glucose and sucrose media the most capable for inducing the activity that showed maximum values with P. pastoris in glucose (0.1682±0.00 µmol/min mg protein), and C. utilis in cellulose (0.1129±0.1349 µmol/min mg of protein), and sucrose (0.0657±0.0214 µmol/min mg protein). Additionally, I. terricola and P. kluyvery stood out in a qualitative cellulose degradation approach measured by Congo red method (9.60±0.04 mm and 9.20±0.05 mm respectively). These indicate that P. pastoris and C. utilis have potential as β-glucosidase producers, especially when growing under complex carbon sources for biomass conversion, new biofuels production and polyphenol degradation with more manageable bioreactor process.
Keywords	β-glucosidase ; non-conventional yeasts ; biomass conversion ; Tannins ; Cellulolytic activity ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Association between physical activity and changes in intestinal microbiota composition

Viviana Aya / Alberto Flórez / Luis Perez / Juan David Ramírez

PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 2, p e

A systematic review.

2021 Volume 0247039

Abstract: Introduction The intestinal microbiota comprises bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, helminths and viruses that symbiotically inhabit the digestive system. To date, research has provided limited data on the possible association between an active ... ...

Abstract	Introduction The intestinal microbiota comprises bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, helminths and viruses that symbiotically inhabit the digestive system. To date, research has provided limited data on the possible association between an active lifestyle and a healthy composition of human microbiota. This review was aimed to summarize the results of human studies comparing the microbiome of healthy individuals with different physical activity amounts. Methods We searched Medline/Ovid, NIH/PubMed, and Academic Search Complete between August-October 2020. Inclusion criteria comprised: (a) cross-sectional studies focused on comparing gut microbiome among subjects with different physical activity levels; (b) studies describing human gut microbiome responses to any type of exercise stimulus; (c) studies containing healthy adult women and men. We excluded studies containing diet modifications, probiotic or prebiotic consumption, as well as studies focused on diabetes, hypertension, cancer, hormonal dysfunction. Methodological quality and risk of bias for each study were assessed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions tool. The results from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies are shown independently. Results A total of 17 articles were eligible for inclusion: ten cross-sectional and seven longitudinal studies. Main outcomes vary significantly according to physical activity amounts in longitudinal studies. We identified discrete changes in diversity indexes and relative abundance of certain bacteria in active people. Conclusion As literature in this field is rapidly growing, it is important that studies incorporate diverse methods to evaluate other aspects related to active lifestyles such as sleep and dietary patterns. Exploration of other groups such as viruses, archaea and parasites may lead to a better understanding of gut microbiota adaptation to physical activity and sports and its potentially beneficial effects on host metabolism and endurance.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	796 ; 001
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Simulación del campo electromagnético en una línea de transmisión de extra alto voltaje mediante el método de los elementos finitos

Krissia Cabezas / Pedro Jiménez / Juan David Ramirez / Raúl Canelos

Maskay, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 12

Abstract: En el presente artículo se presentan los resultados de las simulaciones del campo electromagnético en la Línea de Transmisión de 500 kV San Rafael – El Inga mediante el Método de los elementos finitos en el programa FEMM. Los resultados obtenidos son ... ...

Abstract	En el presente artículo se presentan los resultados de las simulaciones del campo electromagnético en la Línea de Transmisión de 500 kV San Rafael – El Inga mediante el Método de los elementos finitos en el programa FEMM. Los resultados obtenidos son contrastados con las mediciones realizadas con instrumentos de medición en el campo. Con ayuda de AutoCAD se levantaron los diseños de las estructuras a escala 1:1, mismos que fueron exportados al programa FEMM para realizar las simulaciones correspondientes del campo electromagnético emitido por las líneas de transmisión de extra alto voltaje. Se consideraron las estructuras ubicadas en diferentes altitudes sobre el nivel del mar y se simularon diferentes alternativas de la geometría de las torres de la línea de transmisión para determinar los valores del campo eléctrico y magnético hasta obtener una configuración adecuada que presente valores bajos del campo electromagnético. Finalmente, mediante las simulaciones realizadas en el programa FEMM se muestra el diseño adecuado resultante para una línea de transmisión de extra alto voltaje.
Keywords	campos electromagnéticos ; ecuaciones de maxwell ; femm ; línea de transmisión ; método de elementos finitos ; Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ; TK1-9971 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Discrete typing units of Trypanosoma cruzi

Natalia Velásquez-Ortiz / Giovanny Herrera / Carolina Hernández / Marina Muñoz / Juan David Ramírez

Scientific Data, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

Geographical and biological distribution in the Americas

2022 Volume 8

Abstract: Measurement(s) Genotype Technology Type(s) Report from ... ...

Abstract	Measurement(s) Genotype Technology Type(s) Report from Literature
Keywords	Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Molecular epidemiology of dengue, yellow fever, Zika and Chikungunya arboviruses: An update

Higuera, Adriana / Juan David Ramírez

Acta tropica. 2019 Feb., v. 190

2019

Abstract: Arboviruses are a group of viruses transmitted by arthropods. They are characterized by a wide geographic distribution, which is associated with the presence of the vector, and cause asymptomatic infections or febrile diseases in humans in both enzootic ... ...

Abstract	Arboviruses are a group of viruses transmitted by arthropods. They are characterized by a wide geographic distribution, which is associated with the presence of the vector, and cause asymptomatic infections or febrile diseases in humans in both enzootic and urban cycles. Recent reports of human infections caused by viruses such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya have raised concern regarding public health, and have led to the re-evaluation of surveillance mechanisms and measures to control the transmission of these arboviruses. Viruses such as Mayaro and Usutu are not currently responsible for a high number of symptomatic infections in humans, but should remain under epidemiological surveillance to avoid the emergence of new epidemics, as happened with Zika virus, that are associated with new or more severe symptoms. Additionally, significant variation has been observed in these viruses, giving rise to different lineages. Until recently, the emergence of new lineages has primarily been related to geographical distribution and dispersion, allowing us to ascertain the possible origins and direction of expansion of each virus type, and to make predictions regarding regions where active infections in humans are likely to occur. Therefore, this review is focused on untangling the molecular epidemiology of Dengue, Yellow fever, Zika and Chikungunya due to their recent epidemics in Latinamerica but provides an update on the geographical distribution globally of these viral variants, and outlines the need for further understanding of the genotypes/lineages assignment.
Keywords	Yellow fever virus ; Zika virus ; arboviruses ; arthropods ; dengue ; disease outbreaks ; enzootic diseases ; genotype ; geographical distribution ; human diseases ; humans ; molecular epidemiology ; monitoring ; prediction ; public health
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-02
Size	p. 99-111.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	210415-5
ISSN	1873-6254 ; 0001-706X
ISSN (online)	1873-6254
ISSN	0001-706X
DOI	10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.11.010
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Characterization of microbial communities in seven wetlands with different anthropogenic burden using Next Generation Sequencing in Bogotá, Colombia

Nathalia Ballesteros / Luisa Páez / Nicolas Luna / Ariana Reina / Vanessa Urrea / Catalina Sánchez / Angie Ramírez / Juan David Ramirez / Marina Muñoz

Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Wetlands represent key ecosystems due to their remarkable biodiversity, ecological functions and multiple ecosystem services provided. In Colombia, there are 31,702 wetlands, 13 of which are in Bogotá, capital of the country. Despite the ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Wetlands represent key ecosystems due to their remarkable biodiversity, ecological functions and multiple ecosystem services provided. In Colombia, there are 31,702 wetlands, 13 of which are in Bogotá, capital of the country. Despite the fundamental socioecological support of these aquatic ecosystems, a tremendous loss and degradation of these ecosystems has been observed due to anthropogenic perturbations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the status of seven Bogotá wetlands with variable anthropogenic interventions by measuring organoleptic, physicochemical, and microbiological parameters, using commercial kits, highly sensitive equipment, and next-generation sequencing of the 16S- and 18S-rRNA genes. Our findings describe the status of seven wetlands with different anthropogenic burden in Bogotá-Colombia where physicochemical and microbiology signals of contamination were observed. Additionally, some profiles in the composition of the microbial communities, together with certain physicochemical characteristics, may represent an insight into the environmental dynamics, where Beta Proteobacteria such as Malikia represent a potential keystone in aquatic ecosystems impacted by wastewater effluent discharges; the presence of nitrates and phosphates explain the abundance of bacteria capable of oxidizing these compounds, such as Polynucleobacter. Moreover, the presence of specific prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, such as Clostridium, Cryptococcus, Candida, and Naegleria, reported in one or more of the wetlands assessed here, could represent a possible pathogenic risk for human and animal health. This study performed a complete evaluation of seven Bogotá wetlands with different anthropogenic impacts for the first time, and our findings emphasize the importance of maintaining continuous monitoring of these water bodies given their remarkable ecological importance and potential spill-over of several pathogens to humans and animals.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	710
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Characterizing the blood microbiota of omnivorous and frugivorous bats (Chiroptera

Nicolas Luna / Marina Muñoz / Adriana Castillo-Castañeda / Carolina Hernandez / Plutarco Urbano / Maryia Shaban / Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi / Juan David Ramírez

PeerJ, Vol 11, p e

Phyllostomidae) in Casanare, eastern Colombia

2023 Volume 15169

Abstract: Bats are known reservoirs of seemingly-innocuous pathogenic microorganisms (including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa), which are associated with triggering disease in other zoonotic groups. The taxonomic diversity of the bats’ microbiome is ... ...

Abstract	Bats are known reservoirs of seemingly-innocuous pathogenic microorganisms (including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa), which are associated with triggering disease in other zoonotic groups. The taxonomic diversity of the bats’ microbiome is likely associated with species-specific phenotypic, metabolic, and immunogenic capacities. To date, few studies have described the diversity of bat blood microbial communities. Then, this study used amplicon-based next generation sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S-rRNA gene in blood samples from omnivorous (n = 16) and frugivorous (n = 9) bats from the department of Casanare in eastern Colombia. We found the blood microbiota in bats to be composed of, among others, Bartonella and Mycoplasma bacterial genera which are associated with various disease phenotypes in other mammals. Furthermore, our results suggest that the bats’ dietary habits might determine the composition and the persistence of some pathogens over others in their bloodstream. This study is among the first to describe the blood microbiota in bats, to reflect on co-infection rates of multiple pathogens in the same individual, and to consider the influence of diet as a factor affecting the animal’s endogenous microbial community.
Keywords	Bats ; Microbial communities ; Omnivorous ; Bacteria ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PeerJ Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Emergence of Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Cosmopolitan Genotype, Colombia

David Martínez / Marcela Gómez / Carolina Hernández / Marina Muñoz / Sandra Campo-Palacio / Marina González-Robayo / Marcela Montilla / Norma Pavas-Escobar / Juan David Ramírez

Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 30, Iss 1, Pp 189-

2024 Volume 192

Abstract: Using Oxford Nanopore technologies and phylogenetic analyses, we sequenced and identified the cosmopolitan genotype of dengue virus serotype 2 isolated from 2 patients in the city of Villavicencio, Meta department, Colombia. This identification suggests ... ...

Abstract	Using Oxford Nanopore technologies and phylogenetic analyses, we sequenced and identified the cosmopolitan genotype of dengue virus serotype 2 isolated from 2 patients in the city of Villavicencio, Meta department, Colombia. This identification suggests the emergence of this genotype in the country, which warrants further surveillance to identify its epidemic potential.
Keywords	dengue virus ; viruses ; vector-borne infections ; DENV-2 ; transmission ; Colombia ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Gut microbiota composition in health-care facility-and community-onset diarrheic patients with Clostridioides difficile infection

Giovanny Herrera / Laura Vega / Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo / Juan David Ramírez / Marina Muñoz

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract The role of gut microbiota in the establishment and development of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has been widely discussed. Studies showed the impact of CDI on bacterial communities and the importance of some genera and species in ... ...

Abstract	Abstract The role of gut microbiota in the establishment and development of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has been widely discussed. Studies showed the impact of CDI on bacterial communities and the importance of some genera and species in recovering from and preventing infection. However, most studies have overlooked important components of the intestinal ecosystem, such as eukaryotes and archaea. We investigated the bacterial, archaea, and eukaryotic intestinal microbiota of patients with health-care-facility- or community-onset (HCFO and CO, respectively) diarrhea who were positive or negative for CDI. The CDI-positive groups (CO/+, HCFO/+) showed an increase in microorganisms belonging to Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Ascomycota, and Opalinata compared with the CDI-negative groups (CO/−, HCFO/−). Patients with intrahospital-acquired diarrhea (HCFO/+, HCFO/−) showed a marked decrease in bacteria beneficial to the intestine, and there was evidence of increased Archaea and Candida and Malassezia species compared with the CO groups (CO/+, CO/−). Characteristic microbiota biomarkers were established for each group. Finally, correlations between bacteria and eukaryotes indicated interactions among the different kingdoms making up the intestinal ecosystem. We showed the impact of CDI on microbiota and how it varies with where the infection is acquired, being intrahospital-acquired diarrhea one of the most influential factors in the modulation of bacterial, archaea, and eukaryotic populations. We also highlight interactions between the different kingdoms of the intestinal ecosystem, which need to be evaluated to improve our understanding of CDI pathophysiology.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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