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  1. Article ; Online: Clinical characteristics and classification of Cameroonians with obesity and metabolically normal phenotype in the West region of Cameroon

    Maxwell Wandji Nguedjo / Judith Laure Ngondi / Françoise Raïssa Ntentie / Boris Gabin Kingue Azantsa / Javeres Leonel Ntepe Mbah / Julius Enyong Oben

    Heliyon, Vol 8, Iss 11, Pp e11652- (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: The objective of this study was to classify and suggest an adequate definition of the metabolically normal phenotype among Cameroonians with obesity in the western Region of Cameroon. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Cameroon Region from ...

    Abstract The objective of this study was to classify and suggest an adequate definition of the metabolically normal phenotype among Cameroonians with obesity in the western Region of Cameroon. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Cameroon Region from August 2016 to August 2017. A total of 324 subjects with BMI >27 kg/m2, aged of 20 years and older, and not treated for cardiometabolic diseases were included in the study. Sociodemographic and clinical parameters of the subjects were collected. Four definitions of metabolic status were tested to suggest the definition that best identifies the subjects with obesity but metabolically normal phenotype (MNO) in the study. The prevalence of the MNO phenotype varied from 2.50% to 29.60% according to the definitions used. According to the individual definitions, the prevalence of the MNO phenotype was 29.60% according to Hinnouho, 16.00% according to Mbanya, 7.40% according to Meigs and 2.50% according to Widman. Markers of inflammatory profile (high sensitivity C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-alpha), carbohydrate homeostasis (fasting glucose and homeostasis model assessment), markers of lipid profile (total cholesterol and triglyceride), systolic blood pressure, nitric oxide, adiposity indices (Waist circumference and waist to hip ratio) were significantly lower in MNO subjects for the majority of definitions (p < 0.05). The modified Hinnouho definition showed better specificity (60.90%) and sensitivity (12.10%) for an area under the ROC curve of 0.98. The degree of agreement was low between the different pairs of definition of the MNO phenotype (Kappa< 0.61). There is poor agreement between the different definitions of the MNO phenotype among Cameroonians with obesity. Therefore, the adoption of a universal definition of MNO phenotype should be proposed to facilitate the management of metabolic health in people with obesity.
    Keywords Obesity ; Metabolically normal phenotype ; Clinical characteristics ; Classification ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Protective effects of peel extracts of Irvingia wombolu on metabolic disorders in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

    Rosane Soh Matsinkou / Valere Aime Soh Oumbe / Judith Laure Ngondi / Julius Enyong Oben

    Clinical Phytoscience, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: Abstract Background Diabetes is widely recognized as associated with several structural and functional liver, kidney, and heart abnormalities. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of peel extracts of Irvingia ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Diabetes is widely recognized as associated with several structural and functional liver, kidney, and heart abnormalities. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of peel extracts of Irvingia wombolu against diabetes complications. Methods Diabetes was induced by intravenous administration of streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg) through the right jugular vein on rats and animals with blood glucose values of at least 250 mg/dl received orally aqueous extract of peel (AEP), hydroethanolic extract of peel (HEP), tolbutamide and DMSO 10%. Their effects on the concentration of blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in diabetic and normal rats were investigated using standard methods. Results Twenty-one days of treatment with AEP and HEP at a dose of 400 mg/kg significantly (P < 0,05) reduced the fasting blood glucose to a point of reaching normal value. The antihyperlipidemic assessment of extracts revealed a significant (P < 0,05) decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL levels, and a significant (P < 0,05) increase in HDL level in the plasma of treated diabetic rats. Furthermore, plasma biomarkers of liver and kidney dysfunction were significantly reduced in treated diabetic rats. We also observed increased activities of catalase, SOD, and reduced glutathione in diabetic treated rats. Conclusion The present findings suggest that AEP and HEP have a protective effect on liver, kidney, and heart in experimental diabetic rats which can be beneficial in the management of diabetes and its complications.
    Keywords Diabetes ; Irvingia wombolu ; Peel extracts ; Protective effects ; Rats ; Streptozotocin ; Medicine ; R ; Homeopathy ; RX1-681
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Effect of boiling and roasting on the antidiabetic activity of Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) fruits and seeds in type 2 diabetic rats

    Nguekouo, Phylippe Tekem / Anne Pascale Nouemsi Kengne / Cerile Ypolyte Woumbo / Dieudonné Kuate / Florian Amel Tekou / Julius Enyong Oben

    Journal of food biochemistry. 2018 Dec., v. 42, no. 6

    2018  

    Abstract: The present investigation aimed to study the effect of two culinary treatments (boiling and roasting) on the antidiabetic potential of Abelmoschus esculentus fruits and seeds in type 2 diabetic rats. Crude fiber, total phenolic content, and in vitro free ...

    Abstract The present investigation aimed to study the effect of two culinary treatments (boiling and roasting) on the antidiabetic potential of Abelmoschus esculentus fruits and seeds in type 2 diabetic rats. Crude fiber, total phenolic content, and in vitro free radical scavenging capacity of the various culinary forms of the fruits and seeds were assessed. Streptozotoccin and high‐fat diet‐induced type 2 diabetes Wistar rats were randomly assigned to six groups of 10 rats each, and treated for 28 days with either metformin or suspensions of one of the following: untreated fruits (UTF), boiled fruits, untreated seeds, and roasted seeds. Controls were made up of untreated nondiabetic (T−) and diabetic (T+) animals. Fasting blood glucose was measured on a weekly basis. The lipid profile and markers of the hepatic and kidney toxicity were measured at the end of the experimentation. Boiling and roasting did not affect the fiber content of the Abelmoschus esculentus fruits and seeds, but significantly (p < 0.05) lowered the total phenolic content as well as their free radical scavenging capacity. Daily administration of processed and UTF and seed suspensions significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the blood glucose level of rats. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the serum level of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, transaminases (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase), creatinine, and urea was observed along with a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the serum level of total protein. Boiling and roasting do not significantly influence the antidiabetic potential of A. esculentus fruits and seeds. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: A. esculentus commonly called Okra, a fiber‐rich fruit, has already demonstrated hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities, which makes this plant an interesting alternative for the management of diabetes. The fruit is popularly used in food preparations in different parts of the world. During thermal processing operations, the fiber and phenolic content may be altered in their functionality and could result in either the decrease or increase of antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of this fruit. Hence, appropriate processing methods or culinary form should be established in order to increase the health‐promoting properties of this plant food.
    Keywords Abelmoschus esculentus ; alanine transaminase ; animal disease models ; aspartate transaminase ; blood glucose ; blood serum ; boiling ; creatinine ; crude fiber ; free radical scavengers ; fruits ; glycemic effect ; health promotion ; high fat diet ; laboratory animals ; lipid composition ; low density lipoprotein cholesterol ; metformin ; nephrotoxicity ; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; okra ; protein content ; rats ; roasting ; seeds ; triacylglycerols ; urea
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-12
    Size p. e12669.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 433846-7
    ISSN 1745-4514 ; 0145-8884
    ISSN (online) 1745-4514
    ISSN 0145-8884
    DOI 10.1111/jfbc.12669
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity, and Thinness in Cameroon Urban Children and Adolescents

    Ponce Cedric Fouejeu Wamba / Julius Enyong Oben / Katherine Cianflone

    Journal of Obesity, Vol

    2013  Volume 2013

    Abstract: Objective. This study examined the prevalence of thinness, overweight, and obesity in Cameroon children ranging from 8 to 15 years old using several published references as evaluation tools. Methods. A stratified sample was used with eleven schools ... ...

    Abstract Objective. This study examined the prevalence of thinness, overweight, and obesity in Cameroon children ranging from 8 to 15 years old using several published references as evaluation tools. Methods. A stratified sample was used with eleven schools randomly selected, and data from 2689 children (52.2% girls) ranging from 8 to 15 years were analyzed. Weight and height were recorded and BMI was calculated. BMI cutoffs used to define nutritional status grades included two international and three national published indices which were compared to our database-derived cutoffs. Results. A prevalence of 9.5% thinness and 12.4% overweight including 1.9% obesity according to international references was detected. A 2.2% low-weight-for-age, 5.7% low-height-for-age, and 5.2% low-weight-for-height were identified. Overall, there were significant differences using calculations based on our database versus published reference values and between boys versus girls. Conclusions. This study demonstrates that prevalence of thinness, overweight, and obesity is similar to that of other leading-emerging countries reported within the last decade, yet it is still lower than prevalence in developed countries. Ethnic background and social environment have impact on prevalences, highlighting the importance of evaluating the Cameroon population based on locally derived database.
    Keywords Internal medicine ; RC31-1245
    Subject code 796
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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