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  1. Article ; Online: Oxygenic photosynthesis: history, status and perspective.

    Junge, Wolfgang

    Quarterly reviews of biophysics

    2018  Volume 52, Page(s) e1

    Abstract: Cyanobacteria and plants carry out oxygenic photosynthesis. They use water to generate the atmospheric oxygen we breathe and carbon dioxide to produce the biomass serving as food, feed, fibre and fuel. This paper scans the emergence of structural and ... ...

    Abstract Cyanobacteria and plants carry out oxygenic photosynthesis. They use water to generate the atmospheric oxygen we breathe and carbon dioxide to produce the biomass serving as food, feed, fibre and fuel. This paper scans the emergence of structural and mechanistic understanding of oxygen evolution over the past 50 years. It reviews speculative concepts and the stepped insight provided by novel experimental and theoretical techniques. Driven by sunlight photosystem II oxidizes the catalyst of water oxidation, a hetero-metallic Mn4CaO5(H2O)4 cluster. Mn3Ca are arranged in cubanoid and one Mn dangles out. By accumulation of four oxidizing equivalents before initiating dioxygen formation it matches the four-electron chemistry from water to dioxygen to the one-electron chemistry of the photo-sensitizer. Potentially harmful intermediates are thereby occluded in space and time. Kinetic signatures of the catalytic cluster and its partners in the photo-reaction centre have been resolved, in the frequency domain ranging from acoustic waves via infra-red to X-ray radiation, and in the time domain from nano- to milli-seconds. X-ray structures to a resolution of 1.9 Å are available. Even time resolved X-ray structures have been obtained by clocking the reaction cycle by flashes of light and diffraction with femtosecond X-ray pulses. The terminal reaction cascade from two molecules of water to dioxygen involves the transfer of four electrons, two protons, one dioxygen and one water. A rigorous mechanistic analysis is challenging because of the kinetic enslaving at millisecond duration of six partial reactions (4e-, 1H+, 1O2). For the time being a peroxide-intermediate in the reaction cascade to dioxygen has been in focus, both experimentally and by quantum chemistry. Homo sapiens has relied on burning the products of oxygenic photosynthesis, recent and fossil. Mankind's total energy consumption amounts to almost one-fourth of the global photosynthetic productivity. If the average power consumption equalled one of those nations with the highest consumption per capita it was four times greater and matched the total productivity. It is obvious that biomass should be harvested for food, feed, fibre and platform chemicals rather than for fuel.
    MeSH term(s) Energy Metabolism ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Photosynthesis ; Photosystem II Protein Complex/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Photosystem II Protein Complex ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 209912-3
    ISSN 1469-8994 ; 0033-5835
    ISSN (online) 1469-8994
    ISSN 0033-5835
    DOI 10.1017/S0033583518000112
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  2. Article ; Online: Estimating risk probabilities for sickness from behavioural patterns to identify health challenges in dairy cows with multivariate cumulative sum control charts.

    Dittrich, I / Gertz, M / Maassen-Francke, B / Krudewig, K-H / Junge, W / Krieter, J

    Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience

    2022  Volume 16, Issue 8, Page(s) 100601

    Abstract: Dairy cattle housing is characterised by increasing herd sizes and the need for assisting technical tools to monitor the cows' health. This study investigated the combination of logistic regression models with multivariate cumulative sum (MCUSUM) control ...

    Abstract Dairy cattle housing is characterised by increasing herd sizes and the need for assisting technical tools to monitor the cows' health. This study investigated the combination of logistic regression models with multivariate cumulative sum (MCUSUM) control charts in healthmonitoring of dairy cattle. Sensor information of 618 cows with 791 lactations (138 438 cow days), nine behavioural variables were included as parts of the behavioural patterns: physical activity ("neck activity", "leg activity", "walking duration"), resting ("lying duration", "standing duration", "transitions from lying to standing") and feeding ("feeding duration", "rumination duration", "inactivity duration") behaviour. For each of these behavioural patterns, a logistic regression model with the health status (sick vs not sick) as a dependent variable was designed after a variable selection (herd level) based on the herd dataset with 618 cows (618 lactations; 115 547 cow days), which included the variables of each behaviour pattern and the stage of lactation nested in the number of lactations as explanatory variables. The explanatory variables were added stepwise to the model, with the final model being selected with respect to the lowest values of Akaike's and Bayes' information criteria. Each model was then applied to a dataset with 173 cows (22 891 cow days) at cow level, resulting in individual daily risk probabilities for getting sick. Thus, risk probabilities of each behavioural pattern were estimated and included in the MCUSUM control charts to identify cows at risk of disease. The performance of the MCUSUM control charts was cross-validated to identify the best fitting reference value k and the threshold value h. Alerts given within 5 days prior to diagnosis were counted as detected sicknesses. The performance resulted in a block sensitivity of 70.9-81.4%, specificity of 87.9-94.2% and a false-positive rate of 5.8-12.1%. The performance was confirmed while testing the entire algorithm resulting in a mean area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.89. Calculating precision and the F
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/diagnosis ; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology ; Dairying/methods ; Female ; Lactation ; Milk
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2257920-5
    ISSN 1751-732X ; 1751-7311
    ISSN (online) 1751-732X
    ISSN 1751-7311
    DOI 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100601
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Spatio-temporal resolution of primary processes of photosynthesis.

    Junge, Wolfgang

    Faraday discussions

    2015  Volume 177, Page(s) 547–562

    Abstract: Technical progress in laser-sources and detectors has allowed the temporal and spatial resolution of chemical reactions down to femtoseconds and Å-units. In photon-excitable systems the key to chemical kinetics, trajectories across the vibrational saddle ...

    Abstract Technical progress in laser-sources and detectors has allowed the temporal and spatial resolution of chemical reactions down to femtoseconds and Å-units. In photon-excitable systems the key to chemical kinetics, trajectories across the vibrational saddle landscape, are experimentally accessible. Simple and thus well-defined chemical compounds are preferred objects for calibrating new methodologies and carving out paradigms of chemical dynamics, as shown in several contributions to this Faraday Discussion. Aerobic life on earth is powered by solar energy, which is captured by microorganisms and plants. Oxygenic photosynthesis relies on a three billion year old molecular machinery which is as well defined as simpler chemical constructs. It has been analysed to a very high precision. The transfer of excitation between pigments in antennae proteins, of electrons between redox-cofactors in reaction centres, and the oxidation of water by a Mn4Ca-cluster are solid state reactions. ATP, the general energy currency of the cell, is synthesized by a most agile, rotary molecular machine. While the efficiency of photosynthesis competes well with photovoltaics at the time scale of nanoseconds, it is lower by an order of magnitude for crops and again lower for bio-fuels. The enormous energy demand of mankind calls for engineered (bio-mimetic or bio-inspired) solar-electric and solar-fuel devices.
    MeSH term(s) Bioelectric Energy Sources/utilization ; Carbon Dioxide/chemistry ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Electron Transport ; Electrons ; Hydrogen/chemistry ; Kinetics ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/chemistry ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Photosynthesis/physiology ; Plant Cells/physiology ; Solar Energy/utilization ; Sunlight ; Time Factors ; Water/chemistry ; Water/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Hydrogen (7YNJ3PO35Z) ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1359-6640
    ISSN 1359-6640
    DOI 10.1039/c5fd90015h
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Lactation curves and model evaluation for feed intake and energy balance in dairy cows.

    Harder, I / Stamer, E / Junge, W / Thaller, G

    Journal of dairy science

    2019  Volume 102, Issue 8, Page(s) 7204–7216

    Abstract: A good health status of high-performing dairy cows is essential for successful production. Feed intake affects the metabolic stability of dairy cows and can be used as a measurement for energy balance. By implementing feed intake and energy balance into ... ...

    Abstract A good health status of high-performing dairy cows is essential for successful production. Feed intake affects the metabolic stability of dairy cows and can be used as a measurement for energy balance. By implementing feed intake and energy balance into the breeding goal, these traits provide great potential for an improvement in the health of dairy cows by breeders. In this study, fixed and random regression models were tested to establish appropriate models for a further analysis of this approach. A total of 1,374 Holstein-Friesian cows and 327 Simmental cows (SI) from 12 German research farms participating in a collaboration called optiKuh were phenotyped. Feed intake data recording was standardized across farms, and energy balance was calculated using phenotypic information on milk yield, milk ingredients, live weight, gestation stage, and feed intake. The phenotypic data set consisted of a total of 40,012 Holstein-Friesian and 16,996 SI with average weekly dry matter intakes of 21.8 ± 4.3 and 20.2 ± 3.6 kg/d, respectively. Observations of days in milk 1 to 350 were used to evaluate the best-fitting models and to estimate the repeatability and correlations between cow effects at different stages for feed intake and energy balance. Four parametric functions (Ali and Schaeffer and Legendre polynomials of second, third, and fourth degree) were compared to model the lactation curves. Based on the corrected Akaike information criterion and the Bayesian information criterion, the goodness of fit was evaluated to choose the best-fitting model for the finest description of lactation curves for the traits energy balance and feed intake. Legendre polynomial fourth degree was the best-fitting model for random regression models. In contrast, Ali and Schaeffer was the best choice for fixed regression models. Feed intake and energy balance acted as expected: the feed intake increased slowly at the beginning of lactation and the negative energy balance switched to a positive range around 40 to 80 d of lactation. The repeatabilities of both traits were quite similar and the repeatabilities for SI were the highest for both traits. Additionally, correlations between cow effects were closest between early days in milk. These results emphasize the possibility that the unique optiKuh data set can be used for further genetic analyses to enable genomic selection for feed intake or energy balance.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; Breeding ; Cattle/genetics ; Cattle/physiology ; Eating ; Energy Metabolism ; Farms ; Female ; Lactation ; Milk/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Regression Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 242499-x
    ISSN 1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
    ISSN (online) 1525-3198
    ISSN 0022-0302
    DOI 10.3168/jds.2018-15300
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Estimation of genetic parameters and breeding values for feed intake and energy balance using pedigree relationships or single-step genomic evaluation in Holstein Friesian cows.

    Harder, I / Stamer, E / Junge, W / Thaller, G

    Journal of dairy science

    2019  Volume 103, Issue 3, Page(s) 2498–2513

    Abstract: At the beginning of lactation, high-performing dairy cows often experience a severe energy deficit, which in turn is associated with metabolic stress. Increasing feed intake (FI) or reducing the energy deficit during this period could improve the ... ...

    Abstract At the beginning of lactation, high-performing dairy cows often experience a severe energy deficit, which in turn is associated with metabolic stress. Increasing feed intake (FI) or reducing the energy deficit during this period could improve the metabolic stability and thus the health of the animals. Genomic selection for the first time enables the inclusion of this hard-to-measure trait in breeding programs. The objective of the current study was the estimation of genetic parameters and genomic breeding values for FI and energy balance (EB). For this purpose, 1,374 Holstein Friesian (HF) dairy cows from 8 German research farms were phenotyped with standardized FI data protocols. After data editing, phenotypic data of HF comprised a total of 40,012 average weekly FI records with a mean of 21.8 ± 4.3 kg/d. For EB 33,376 average weekly records were available with a mean of 3.20 ± 29.4 MJ of NE
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Breeding ; Cattle/genetics ; Cattle/physiology ; Eating ; Energy Metabolism/genetics ; Farms ; Female ; Genomics ; Genotype ; Lactation ; Milk/metabolism ; Parity ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 242499-x
    ISSN 1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
    ISSN (online) 1525-3198
    ISSN 0022-0302
    DOI 10.3168/jds.2019-16855
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Variable selection for monitoring sickness behavior in lactating dairy cattle with the application of control charts.

    Dittrich, I / Gertz, M / Maassen-Francke, B / Krudewig, K-H / Junge, W / Krieter, J

    Journal of dairy science

    2021  Volume 104, Issue 7, Page(s) 7956–7970

    Abstract: The present observational study investigated the application of multivariate cumulative sum (MCUSUM) control charts by including variables selected by principal component analysis and partial least squares (PLS) regression to identify sickness behavior ... ...

    Abstract The present observational study investigated the application of multivariate cumulative sum (MCUSUM) control charts by including variables selected by principal component analysis and partial least squares (PLS) regression to identify sickness behavior in dairy cattle. Therefore, sensor information (24 variables) was collected from 480 milking cows on a German dairy farm between September 2018 and December 2019. These variables were gathered in potentially different scenarios on farm. In total, data from 749 animals were available for evaluation. Variables were chosen based on the information of 499 cows (62 healthy; 437 sick) with 93,598 observations. The available diagnoses were collected together to form 1,025 sickness events. Hence, the different numbers of selected variables were included into the MCUSUM control charts. The performance of the MCUSUM control charts was evaluated by a 10-fold cross validation; hence, 90% of the original data set (749 cows) represented the training data, and the remaining 10% was used to test the training results. On average, the 10 training data sets included 124,871 observations with 1,392 sickness events, and the 10 testing data sets included, on average, 13,704 observations with 153 sickness events. The MCUSUM generated from the variables selected by principal component analysis showed comparable results in training and testing in all scenarios; therefore, 70.0 to 97.4% of the sickness events were detected. The false-positive rates ranged from 8.5 to 29.6%, and thus they created at least 2.6 false-positive alerts per day in testing. The variables selected by the PLS regression approach showed comparable sickness detection rates (70.0-99.9%) as well as false-positive rates (8.2-62.8%) in most scenarios. The best performing scenario produced 2.5 false-positive alerts in testing. Summarizing, both approaches showed potential for practical implementation; however, the PLS variable selection approach showed fewer false positives. Therefore, the PLS regression approach could generate a more reliable sickness detection algorithm, if combined with MCUSUM control charts, and considered for practical implementation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology ; Dairying ; Female ; Illness Behavior ; Lactation ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Milk
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study, Veterinary
    ZDB-ID 242499-x
    ISSN 1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
    ISSN (online) 1525-3198
    ISSN 0022-0302
    DOI 10.3168/jds.2020-19680
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: On the question of the etiology and therapy of elephantiasis of extremities.

    JUNGE, W

    Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)

    2007  Volume 74, Issue 3, Page(s) 78–80

    Title translation Zur Frage der Aetiologie und Therapie der Elephantiasis der Extremitäten.
    MeSH term(s) Elephantiasis
    Language German
    Publishing date 2007-12-15
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 200446-x
    ISSN 1439-4413 ; 0012-0472
    ISSN (online) 1439-4413
    ISSN 0012-0472
    DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1118276
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  8. Article ; Online: Half a century of molecular bioenergetics.

    Junge, Wolfgang

    Biochemical Society transactions

    2013  Volume 41, Issue 5, Page(s) 1207–1218

    Abstract: Molecular bioenergetics deals with the construction, function and regulation of the powerhouses of life. The present overview sketches scenes and actors, farsighted goals and daring hypotheses, meticulous tool-making, painstaking benchwork, lucky ... ...

    Abstract Molecular bioenergetics deals with the construction, function and regulation of the powerhouses of life. The present overview sketches scenes and actors, farsighted goals and daring hypotheses, meticulous tool-making, painstaking benchwork, lucky discovery, serious scepticism, emphatic believing and strong characters with weak and others with hard arguments, told from a personal, admittedly limited, perspective. Bioenergetics will blossom further with the search focused on both where there is bright light for ever-finer detail and the obvious dark spots for surprise and discovery.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Respiration/genetics ; Electron Transport/genetics ; Energy Metabolism ; Light ; Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases/chemistry ; Phosphorylation ; Photosynthesis/genetics ; Plant Physiological Phenomena ; Protons
    Chemical Substances Protons ; Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases (EC 3.6.3.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 184237-7
    ISSN 1470-8752 ; 0300-5127
    ISSN (online) 1470-8752
    ISSN 0300-5127
    DOI 10.1042/BST20130199
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  9. Article: On the action of hydroxylamine, hydrazine and their derivatives on the water-oxidizing complex.

    Förster, V / Junge, W

    Photosynthesis research

    2014  Volume 9, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 197–210

    Abstract: Photosynthetic water oxidation proceeds by a four-step sequence of one-electron oxidations which is formally described by the transitions S0 → S1, S1 → S2, S2 → S3, S3 → (S4) → S0. State S1 is most stable in the dark. Oxygen is released during S3 → (S4) → ...

    Abstract Photosynthetic water oxidation proceeds by a four-step sequence of one-electron oxidations which is formally described by the transitions S0 → S1, S1 → S2, S2 → S3, S3 → (S4) → S0. State S1 is most stable in the dark. Oxygen is released during S3 → (S4) → S0. Hydroxylamine and hydrazine interact with S1. They cause a two-digit shift in the oxidation sequence as observed from the dark equilibrium, i.e. from S1 → S2 : S2 → S3 : S3 → (S4) → S0 : S0 → S1 :... in the absence of the agents, to S1 (*) → S0 : S0 → S1 : S1 → S2 : S2 → S3 :... in the presence of hydroxylamine or hydrazine.We measured the concentration dependence of this two-digit shift via the pattern of proton release which is associated with water oxidation. At saturating concentrations hydroxylamine and hydrazine shift the proton-release pattern from OH(+)(S1 → S2) : 1H(+)(S2 → S3) : 2H(S3 → S0) : 1H(+)(S0 → S1) :... to 2H(+)(S1 (*) → S0) : 1H(+)(S0 → S1) : OH(+)(S1 → S2) : 1H(+)(S2 → S3) : 2H(+)(S3 → S0) :... The 2H(+) were released upon the first excitation with a half-rise time of 3.1 ms, both with hydroxylamine and withydrazine. The concentration dependence of the shift was rather steep with an apparent Hill coefficient at half saturation of 2.43 with hydroxylamien (Förster and Junge (1985) FEBS Lett. 186, 53-57) and 1.48 with hydrazine. The concentration dependence could be explained by cooperative binding of n≥3 molecules of hydroxylamine and of n≥2 molecules of hydrazine, respectively. Tentatively, we explain the interaction of hydroxylamine and hydrazine with the water-oxidizing complex (WOC) as follows: Two bridging ligands, possible Cl(-) or OH(-), which normally connect two Mn nuclei, can be substituted by either 4 molecules of hydroxylamine or 2 molecules of hydrazine when the WOC resides in state S1.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1475688-2
    ISSN 1573-5079 ; 0166-8595
    ISSN (online) 1573-5079
    ISSN 0166-8595
    DOI 10.1007/BF00029744
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  10. Book ; Thesis: Analyse des Suizidgeschehens in der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg

    Junge, Wolfgang

    spezielle Aspekte zum Panoramawandel der Suizidmittel (1980 - 1984)

    1987  

    Author's details vorgelegt von Wolfgang Junge
    Size 118 S. : graph. Darst.
    Document type Book ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 1987
    HBZ-ID HT003664867
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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