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Article ; Online: Transfer of elements from soil to earthworms and ground beetles in boreal forest.

Majlesi, Soroush / Roivainen, Päivi / Kasurinen, Anne / Tuovinen, Tiina / Juutilainen, Jukka

2023 Volume 62, Issue 3, Page(s) 403–414

Abstract: Data on the transfer of elements (such as heavy metals) and their radionuclides into organisms is needed for assessing environmental risks. The current data on many elements, species and environments is limited, but more information can be obtained both ... ...

Abstract	Data on the transfer of elements (such as heavy metals) and their radionuclides into organisms is needed for assessing environmental risks. The current data on many elements, species and environments is limited, but more information can be obtained both from field studies and experimental laboratory studies. However, it is essential to evaluate whether experimental studies adequately predict transfer in natural conditions. Moreover, because of the sparsity of species-specific empirical data, it is a common practice in current radioecological modelling to use data available for related species under the assumption that transfer into organisms is similar within broader taxonomic groups. Earthworms and ground beetles are examples of important invertebrates living near soil surface in terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, the transfer of 34 elements from soil to these organisms was studied in a field study conducted in boreal forest. The earthworm concentrations were compared to the values obtained in an experimental mesocosm study using soil from the field site and were found to be highly correlated. This indicates that the results of mesocosm studies can be used for predicting the transfer of elements from soil to fauna in natural conditions. Furthermore, concentrations in individual earthworm and beetle species were found to be similar to those observed in broader groups of related species, indicating that the generic approach used in current radioecological models may be useful for predicting uptake of elements into single species.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Soil ; Oligochaeta ; Ecosystem ; Coleoptera ; Taiga
Chemical Substances	Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-17
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	124987-3
ISSN	1432-2099 ; 0301-634X
ISSN (online)	1432-2099
ISSN	0301-634X
DOI	10.1007/s00411-023-01027-2
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Article ; Online: Do 50/60 Hz magnetic fields influence oxidative or DNA damage responses in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells?

Mustafa, Ehab / Makinistian, Leonardo / Luukkonen, Jukka / Juutilainen, Jukka / Naarala, Jonne

International journal of radiation biology

2022 Volume 98, Issue 10, Page(s) 1581–1591

Abstract: Purpose: We investigated the possible effects of 50 and 60 Hz magnetic fields (MFs) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage, DNA damage repair rate, as well as gene expression related to oxidative stress and DNA damage signaling.: ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: We investigated the possible effects of 50 and 60 Hz magnetic fields (MFs) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage, DNA damage repair rate, as well as gene expression related to oxidative stress and DNA damage signaling. Materials and methods: Human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were sham-exposed or exposed to 100 µT Results: There was suggestive evidence of a general low-magnitude increase in the expression of ROS-related genes (primarily genes with antioxidant activity) when quantified immediately after MF exposure, suggesting a response to a small increase in ROS level. The possible upregulation of ROS-related genes is supported by the finding that the level of menadione-induced ROS was consistently decreased by 50 Hz MFs (not significantly by 60 Hz MFs) in several measurements 30-60 min after MF exposure. MF exposures did not affect cytosolic O Conclusions: While only weak effects were found on the endpoints measured, the results are consistent with MF effects on ROS signaling.
MeSH term(s)	Antioxidants/metabolism ; DNA Damage ; Humans ; Magnetic Fields ; Neuroblastoma/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Superoxides/metabolism ; Vitamin K 3/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Superoxides (11062-77-4) ; Vitamin K 3 (723JX6CXY5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3065-x
ISSN	1362-3095 ; 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
ISSN (online)	1362-3095
ISSN	0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
DOI	10.1080/09553002.2022.2055803
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Article: Transfer of elements into boreal forest ants at a former uranium mining site

Roivainen, Päivi / Muurinen, Saara-Maria / Sorvari, Jouni / Juutilainen, Jukka / Naarala, Jonne / Salomaa, Sisko

Environmental pollution. 2022 July 01, v. 304

2022

Abstract: Ants can influence ecological processes, such as the transfer of elements or radionuclides, in several ways. For example, they redistribute materials while foraging and maintaining their nests and have an important role in terrestrial food webs. ... ...

Abstract	Ants can influence ecological processes, such as the transfer of elements or radionuclides, in several ways. For example, they redistribute materials while foraging and maintaining their nests and have an important role in terrestrial food webs. Quantitative data of the transfer of elements into ants is needed, e.g., for developing improved radioecological models. In this study, samples of red wood ants (genus Formica), nest material, litter and soil were collected from a former uranium mining site in Eastern Finland. Concentrations of 33 elements were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy/Optical Emission Spectroscopy. Estimated element concentrations in spruce needles were used as a proxy for studying the transfer of elements into ants via aphids because spruces host the most important aphid farms in boreal forests. Empirically determined organism/medium concentration ratios (CRs) are commonly used in radioecological models. Ant/soil CRs were calculated and the validity of the fundamental assumption behind the of use of CRs (linear transfer) was evaluated. Elements that accumulated in ants in comparison to other compartments were cadmium, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur, and zinc. Ant uranium concentrations were low in comparison to soil, litter, or nest material but slightly elevated in comparison to spruce needles. Ant element concentrations were quite constant regardless of the soil concentrations. Non-linear transfer models could therefore describe the soil-to-ant transfer better than conventional CRs.
Keywords	Aphidoidea ; Formica ; boreal forests ; cadmium ; nests ; phosphorus ; pollution ; potassium ; soil ; spectroscopy ; sulfur ; uranium ; wood ; zinc ; Finland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0701
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119231
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Article: Content of soil-derived carbon in soil biota and fauna living near soil surface: Implications for radioactive waste

Majlesi, Soroush / Juutilainen, Jukka / Trubnikova, Tatiana / Biasi, Christina

Journal of environmental radioactivity. 2020 Dec., v. 225

2020

Abstract: C is known as one of the radionuclides that have potential to be released into the biosphere from radioactive waste repositories and taken up by organisms. In this study, we used a novel approach to investigate the proportion of soil organic carbon ( ... ...

Abstract	¹⁴C is known as one of the radionuclides that have potential to be released into the biosphere from radioactive waste repositories and taken up by organisms. In this study, we used a novel approach to investigate the proportion of soil organic carbon (SOC) in invertebrates and microbial biomass. The study was conducted on a peatland site after the end of peat extraction. There was a large difference in the isotopic abundance of ¹⁴C between the 8000-year-old peat and air. We used a two-pool isotope mixing model to reveal the fraction of soil-derived C in the organisms and in dissolved organic carbon in soil water. The contribution of soil-derived C was found to be highest in microbial biomass (61%) and earthworms (22%). Some contribution of soil-derived C was detected in fungus gnats (2%), but not in other insects or in spiders. These findings are important for developing evidence-based radioecological models based on correct understanding of the relative contributions of atmospheric C vs. SOC in organisms.
Keywords	air ; biosphere ; dissolved organic carbon ; fungi ; microbial biomass ; peat ; peatlands ; radioactive waste ; radioactivity ; soil organic carbon ; soil water
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-12
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	1483112-0
ISSN	1879-1700 ; 0265-931X
ISSN (online)	1879-1700
ISSN	0265-931X
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106450
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Article ; Online: Content of soil-derived carbon in soil biota and fauna living near soil surface: Implications for radioactive waste.

Majlesi, Soroush / Juutilainen, Jukka / Trubnikova, Tatiana / Biasi, Christina

Journal of environmental radioactivity

2020 Volume 225, Page(s) 106450

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	14
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biota ; Carbon/analysis ; Radiation Monitoring ; Radioactive Waste ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology ; Soil Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis
Chemical Substances	Radioactive Waste ; Soil ; Soil Pollutants, Radioactive ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1483112-0
ISSN	1879-1700 ; 0265-931X
ISSN (online)	1879-1700
ISSN	0265-931X
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106450
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Article ; Online: Residential extremely low frequency magnetic fields and skin cancer.

Khan, Muhammad Waseem / Juutilainen, Jukka / Naarala, Jonne / Roivainen, Päivi

Occupational and environmental medicine

2021 Volume 79, Issue 1, Page(s) 49–54

Abstract: Objective: Photoinduced radical reactions have a fundamental role in skin cancer induced by ultraviolet radiation, and changes in radical reactions have also been proposed as a mechanism for the putative carcinogenic effects of extremely low frequency ( ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Photoinduced radical reactions have a fundamental role in skin cancer induced by ultraviolet radiation, and changes in radical reactions have also been proposed as a mechanism for the putative carcinogenic effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MFs). We assessed the association of melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma with residential MF exposure. Methods: All cohort members had lived in buildings with indoor transformer stations (TSs) during the period from 1971 to 2016. MF exposure was assessed based on apartment location. Out of the 225 492 individuals, 8617 (149 291 person-years of follow-up) living in apartments next to TSs were considered as exposed, while individuals living on higher floors of the same buildings were considered as referents. Associations between MF exposure and skin cancers were examined using Cox proportional hazard models. Results: The HR for MF exposure ≥6 month was 1.05 (95% CI 0.72 to 1.53) for melanoma and 0.94 (95% CI 0.55 to 1.61) for squamous cell carcinoma. Analysis of the age at the start of residence showed an elevated HR (2.55, 95% CI 1.15 to 5.69) for melanoma among those who lived in the apartments when they were less than 15 years old. This finding was based on seven exposed cases. Conclusions: The results of this study suggested an association between childhood ELF MF exposure and adult melanoma. This is in agreement with previous findings suggesting that the carcinogenic effects of ELF MFs may be associated particularly with childhood exposure.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Databases, Factual ; Environmental Exposure/analysis ; Female ; Finland/epidemiology ; Housing ; Humans ; Magnetic Fields/adverse effects ; Male ; Melanoma/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1180733-7
ISSN	1470-7926 ; 1351-0711
ISSN (online)	1470-7926
ISSN	1351-0711
DOI	10.1136/oemed-2021-107776
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Article ; Online: Transfer of elements into boreal forest ants at a former uranium mining site.

Roivainen, Päivi / Muurinen, Saara-Maria / Sorvari, Jouni / Juutilainen, Jukka / Naarala, Jonne / Salomaa, Sisko

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2022 Volume 304, Page(s) 119231

Abstract	Ants can influence ecological processes, such as the transfer of elements or radionuclides, in several ways. For example, they redistribute materials while foraging and maintaining their nests and have an important role in terrestrial food webs. Quantitative data of the transfer of elements into ants is needed, e.g., for developing improved radioecological models. In this study, samples of red wood ants (genus Formica), nest material, litter and soil were collected from a former uranium mining site in Eastern Finland. Concentrations of 33 elements were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy/Optical Emission Spectroscopy. Estimated element concentrations in spruce needles were used as a proxy for studying the transfer of elements into ants via aphids because spruces host the most important aphid farms in boreal forests. Empirically determined organism/medium concentration ratios (CRs) are commonly used in radioecological models. Ant/soil CRs were calculated and the validity of the fundamental assumption behind the of use of CRs (linear transfer) was evaluated. Elements that accumulated in ants in comparison to other compartments were cadmium, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur, and zinc. Ant uranium concentrations were low in comparison to soil, litter, or nest material but slightly elevated in comparison to spruce needles. Ant element concentrations were quite constant regardless of the soil concentrations. Non-linear transfer models could therefore describe the soil-to-ant transfer better than conventional CRs.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ants ; Aphids ; Mining ; Picea ; Soil/chemistry ; Taiga ; Uranium
Chemical Substances	Soil ; Uranium (4OC371KSTK)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119231
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Article: Electromagnetic Fields, Genomic Instability and Cancer: A Systems Biological View.

Naarala, Jonne / Kolehmainen, Mikko / Juutilainen, Jukka

Genes

2019 Volume 10, Issue 6

Abstract: This review discusses the use of systems biology in understanding the biological effectsof electromagnetic fields, with particular focus on induction of genomic instability and cancer. Weintroduce basic concepts of the dynamical systems theory such as ... ...

Abstract	This review discusses the use of systems biology in understanding the biological effectsof electromagnetic fields, with particular focus on induction of genomic instability and cancer. Weintroduce basic concepts of the dynamical systems theory such as the state space and attractors andthe use of these concepts in understanding the behavior of complex biological systems. We thendiscuss genomic instability in the framework of the dynamical systems theory, and describe thehypothesis that environmentally induced genomic instability corresponds to abnormal attractorstates; large enough environmental perturbations can force the biological system to leave normalevolutionarily optimized attractors (corresponding to normal cell phenotypes) and migrate to lessstable variant attractors. We discuss experimental approaches that can be coupled with theoreticalsystems biology such as testable predictions, derived from the theory and experimental methods,that can be used for measuring the state of the complex biological system. We also reviewpotentially informative studies and make recommendations for further studies.
MeSH term(s)	Electromagnetic Fields/adverse effects ; Genomic Instability/genetics ; Genomic Instability/radiation effects ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasms/etiology ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Phenotype ; Systems Biology ; Systems Theory
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes10060479
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Article ; Online: Assessment of induced genomic instability in rat primary astrocytes exposed to intermediate frequency magnetic fields.

Herrala, Mikko / Naarala, Jonne / Juutilainen, Jukka

Environmental research

2019 Volume 173, Page(s) 112–116

Abstract: We investigated whether exposure to intermediate frequency magnetic fields (IF MFs) could induce or enhance genomic instability in primary astrocytes. Rat primary astrocytes were exposed to vertical or horizontal 7.5 kHz, 300 μT MF for 24 h. To study ... ...

Abstract	We investigated whether exposure to intermediate frequency magnetic fields (IF MFs) could induce or enhance genomic instability in primary astrocytes. Rat primary astrocytes were exposed to vertical or horizontal 7.5 kHz, 300 μT MF for 24 h. To study possible combined effects with known genotoxic agents, the cells were exposed for 3 h to menadione or methyl methanesulfonate after the MF treatment. Induced genomic instability was evaluated 36 days after exposures using the Comet assay and flow cytometric scoring of micronuclei. Exposure to 7.5 kHz, 300 μT MF did not induce genomic instability alone or in combination with chemicals in measurements performed several cell generations after exposure.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Astrocytes ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; Genomic Instability ; Magnetic Fields ; Micronucleus Tests ; Rats
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	205699-9
ISSN	1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
ISSN (online)	1096-0953
ISSN	0013-9351
DOI	10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.033
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Article ; Online: Registry of Buildings With Transformer Stations as a Basis for Epidemiological Studies on Health Effects of Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields.

Khan, Muhammad Waseem / Juutilainen, Jukka / Roivainen, Päivi

Bioelectromagnetics

2019 Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 34–40

Abstract: Buildings with indoor transformer stations may serve as a basis for improved epidemiological studies on the health effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF MFs). Previous studies have shown that ELF MF exposure can be adequately assessed ... ...

Abstract	Buildings with indoor transformer stations may serve as a basis for improved epidemiological studies on the health effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF MFs). Previous studies have shown that ELF MF exposure can be adequately assessed based on the fact that MF levels are high in apartments directly above transformers. In this paper, we describe the creation of a registry of Finnish residential buildings with built-in transformer stations and discuss its usability in epidemiological studies. Information obtained from electric utilities and building blueprints were used to identify 677 buildings in which an apartment was located above or adjacent to a transformer station. All apartments in these buildings were classified into exposure categories based on their location in relation to the transformer. Residential histories of these buildings were obtained from the Population Register Centre. Out of the 287,668 individuals who have resided in the buildings, 9,126 of them have resided in an apartment located directly above a transformer station. All information was collected without contacting residents, thus avoiding selection bias. The registry can be linked with data from high-quality nationwide registries to confirm or challenge the reported associations of ELF MF exposure and diseases such as cancer, miscarriage, and Alzheimer's disease. Bioelectromagnetics. 2020;41:34-40 © 2019 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
MeSH term(s)	Electric Power Supplies/adverse effects ; Electricity ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Housing ; Humans ; Magnetic Fields/adverse effects ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Monitoring/statistics & numerical data ; Risk Assessment/methods ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	760683-7
ISSN	1521-186X ; 0197-8462
ISSN (online)	1521-186X
ISSN	0197-8462
DOI	10.1002/bem.22228
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