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Article: Diagnostic Efficacy of Chest Computed Tomography for Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Zakariaee, Seyed Salman / Salmanipour, Hossein / Kaffashian, Mohammad Reza

2023 Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 129–135

Abstract: Background: A significant discrepancy between the results of previous studies is identified regarding the diagnostic efficacy of chest computed tomography (CT) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of ... ...

Abstract	Background: A significant discrepancy between the results of previous studies is identified regarding the diagnostic efficacy of chest computed tomography (CT) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of chest CT for COVID-19. Methods: Suspected cases of COVID-19 with fever, cough, dyspnea, and evidence of pneumonia on chest CT scan were enrolled in the study. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of chest CT were determined according to real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results as the gold standard method. Results: The study population comprised 356 suspected cases of COVID-19 (174 men and 182 women; age range 3-96 years; mean age ± standard deviation, 55.21 ± 18.38 years). COVID-19 patients were diagnosed using chest CT with 89.8% sensitivity, 78.1% accuracy, 21.3% specificity, 84.7% positive predictive value, and 30.23% negative predictive value. The odds ratio was 2.39 (95% confidence interval, 1.16-4.91). Typical CT manifestations of COVID-19 were observed in 48 (13.5%) patients with negative RT-PCR results and 30 (8.4%) patients with confirmed positive RT-PCR results had no radiological manifestations. Kappa coefficient of chest CT for diagnosis of COVID-19 was 0.78. Conclusion: The results show that when RT-PCR results are negative, chest CT could be considered as a complementary diagnostic method for the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients. A more comprehensive diagnostic method could be established by combining the chest CT examination, clinical symptoms, and RT-PCR assay.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-29
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2651622-6
ISSN	2228-7477
ISSN	2228-7477
DOI	10.4103/jmss.jmss_118_21
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Article: Mental Health in Self-Quarantined Pregnant Women for 14 Days During the Coronavirus Outbreak in Iran.

Ghiasi, Nasrin / Kazempour, Robab / Haseli, Arezoo / Kaffashian, Mohammad Reza / Jahanfar, Shayesteh

Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research

2024 Volume 29, Issue 2, Page(s) 202–207

Abstract: Background: Quarantine during COVID-19 disease may be associated with psychological distress and other behavioral problems. This study aimed to investigate depression, anxiety, and stress in self-quarantined pregnant women at home for 14 days during the ...

Abstract	Background: Quarantine during COVID-19 disease may be associated with psychological distress and other behavioral problems. This study aimed to investigate depression, anxiety, and stress in self-quarantined pregnant women at home for 14 days during the coronavirus disease outbreak in Iran. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional web survey was carried out on 874 pregnant women in all governmental health centers of two cities in Iran using the census method in 2020-21. Survey data were collected with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analytical tests (Chi-square, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and logistic regression) at significance level less than 0.05. Results: Approximately 40.04% (N = 350) of the participants were classified as a self-quarantine group. The mean (SD) of the stress score was higher for the quarantine group compared to nonquarantine (8.12 (4.95) vs. 5.96 (4.51)) (F Conclusions: Self-quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic has been related to high-stress levels, specifically, among women of younger age, uninsured, and unwanted pregnancies. Thus, quarantined pregnant women will need more mental health support and medical supplies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-26
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2609892-1
ISSN	2228-5504 ; 1735-9066
ISSN (online)	2228-5504
ISSN	1735-9066
DOI	10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_463_21
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Article ; Online: Nurses and midwives' sleep quality and its associated factors during the early COVID-19 pandemic in Iran

Haseli, Arezoo / Egdampur, Farideh / Qaderi, Kowsar / Kaffashian, Mohammad Reza / Delpisheh, Ali

Heliyon. 2023 Apr., v. 9, no. 4 p.e15068-

2023

Abstract: Good sleep quality is crucial for medical staff especially nurses and midwives to prevent possible errors and injuries during the providing care. The aim here is to investigate the sleep quality of nurses and midwives during the early corona pandemic and ...

Abstract	Good sleep quality is crucial for medical staff especially nurses and midwives to prevent possible errors and injuries during the providing care. The aim here is to investigate the sleep quality of nurses and midwives during the early corona pandemic and its related factors. An online observational and cross-sectional study included 340 medical staff who engaged in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 infection in 2020. Participants completed questionnaires about working characteristics, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Social Support Indexes (SSI). Pearson's correlation analysis and Multivariate logistic regression identified the interactions between these factors. The mean PSQI and SSI were 8.4 ± 4.46 and 28.6 ± 13.29, respectively, indicating poor sleep quality and moderate social support. The condition of the participants was serious in terms of sleep efficiency, and sleep disturbance. More than half of the participants reported severe and very serious daytime dysfunction. Poor sleep quality was more common, in nurses than in midwives (OR:0.074, CI; 0.032-0.098, P < 0.001), nurses working in intensive care units than in other wards (OR:1.082, CI; 1.003-4.023, P = 0.005), in people who had long shifts (OR:1.757, CI; 1.123-4.323, P = 0.003), and in people working more than 5 years (OR:4.949, CI; 1.673-6.023, P = 0.028). Social support has a statistically significant relationship with the quality of sleep (OR:0.013, CI; 0.001-0.244, P = 0.004). The sleep quality of the medical staff has been impaired during the epidemic period, especially among nurses. Targeting staff who are more prone to sleep disturbance, such as nurses with longer work experience, helps us design an optimal strategy to support them through sleep hygiene education.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; cross-sectional studies ; education ; hygiene ; pandemic ; people ; regression analysis ; sleep deprivation ; social support ; Iran ; COVID-19 ; Nurse ; Midwife ; Sleep quality ; Medical staff ; PSQI ; SSI
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-04
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Use and reproduction
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15068
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Nurses and midwives' sleep quality and its associated factors during the early COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.

Haseli, Arezoo / Egdampur, Farideh / Qaderi, Kowsar / Kaffashian, Mohammad Reza / Delpisheh, Ali

Heliyon

2023 Volume 9, Issue 4, Page(s) e15068

Abstract: Objectives: Good sleep quality is crucial for medical staff especially nurses and midwives to prevent possible errors and injuries during the providing care. The aim here is to investigate the sleep quality of nurses and midwives during the early corona ...

Abstract	Objectives: Good sleep quality is crucial for medical staff especially nurses and midwives to prevent possible errors and injuries during the providing care. The aim here is to investigate the sleep quality of nurses and midwives during the early corona pandemic and its related factors. Methods: An online observational and cross-sectional study included 340 medical staff who engaged in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 infection in 2020. Participants completed questionnaires about working characteristics, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Social Support Indexes (SSI). Pearson's correlation analysis and Multivariate logistic regression identified the interactions between these factors. Results: The mean PSQI and SSI were 8.4 ± 4.46 and 28.6 ± 13.29, respectively, indicating poor sleep quality and moderate social support. The condition of the participants was serious in terms of sleep efficiency, and sleep disturbance. More than half of the participants reported severe and very serious daytime dysfunction. Poor sleep quality was more common, in nurses than in midwives (OR:0.074, CI; 0.032-0.098, P < 0.001), nurses working in intensive care units than in other wards (OR:1.082, CI; 1.003-4.023, P = 0.005), in people who had long shifts (OR:1.757, CI; 1.123-4.323, P = 0.003), and in people working more than 5 years (OR:4.949, CI; 1.673-6.023, P = 0.028). Social support has a statistically significant relationship with the quality of sleep (OR:0.013, CI; 0.001-0.244, P = 0.004). Conclusion: The sleep quality of the medical staff has been impaired during the epidemic period, especially among nurses. Targeting staff who are more prone to sleep disturbance, such as nurses with longer work experience, helps us design an optimal strategy to support them through sleep hygiene education.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15068
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Article ; Online: Association of the ACE2-Angiotensin1-7-Mas axis with lung damage caused by cigarette smoke exposure: a systematic review.

Maleki, Maryam / Aliboroni, Alireza / Kheiri, Amin / Kaffashian, Mohammad Reza / Kheiry, Maryam

Reviews on environmental health

2023

Abstract: Through the Mas receptor, angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] has been shown to have a key role in the development of lung inflammation. This systematic review (SR) sought to identify the relationship between lung damage brought on by exposure to cigarette ... ...

Abstract	Through the Mas receptor, angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] has been shown to have a key role in the development of lung inflammation. This systematic review (SR) sought to identify the relationship between lung damage brought on by exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) and the ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas pathway. In this investigation, relevant keywords were used to search PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus (Elsevier), and Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science up to December 2022. Nine studies were chosen because they satisfied the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The majority of research concluded that exposure to CS increased the risk of lung damage. Smoking cigarettes is the main cause of COPD because it causes massive amounts of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species to enter the lungs, which stimulate the production of inflammatory cytokines like IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNF-α, as well as the invasion of inflammatory cells like neutrophils and macrophages. These findings support the renin-angiotensin system's (RAS) involvement in the pathophysiology of smoking-induced damage. Additionally, via stimulating pro-inflammatory mediators, aberrant RAS activity has been linked to lung damage. Lung inflammation's etiology has been shown to be significantly influenced by the protective known RAS arm ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas. In conclusion, these are important for informing policymakers to pass legislation limiting the use of smoking and other tobacco to prevent their harmful effects.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-03
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	184450-7
ISSN	2191-0308 ; 0048-7562 ; 0048-7554
ISSN (online)	2191-0308
ISSN	0048-7562 ; 0048-7554
DOI	10.1515/reveh-2023-0028
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Article: Effects of Essential Oil of

Bakhtiarpoor, Maryam / Setorki, Mahbubeh / Kaffashian, Mohammad Reza

Iranian journal of medical sciences

2018 Volume 43, Issue 4, Page(s) 409–415

Abstract: Background: Due to the unfavorable side effects of some commonly used chemical drugs, the trend in the public has shifted towards using herbal medicines to treat central nervous system disorders like depression. The present experimental study was ... ...

Abstract	Background: Due to the unfavorable side effects of some commonly used chemical drugs, the trend in the public has shifted towards using herbal medicines to treat central nervous system disorders like depression. The present experimental study was designed to evaluate the effect of Marze ( Methods: In total, 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: 1) control, 2) reserpine, 3-5) reserpine with 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg of Marze essential oil, respectively, and 6) reserpine and fluoxetine. The forced swimming test was used to evaluate the antidepressant activity of the essential oil. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and MDA levels of serum and brain were also determined. Results: Reserpine induced a significant increase in the immobility time of rats in the forced swimming test (P=0.02) and treatment with Marze essential oil (50, 100 mg/kg) ameliorated the reserpine induced changes (P=0.04, P=0.03, respectively). Reserpine-induced reduction in brain TCA was improved using Marze essential oil at a dose of 100 mg/kg (P=0.04). Marze essential oil at 100 mg/kg dose significantly decreased the MDA level in the brain tissues of reserpine-treated rats (P=0.04). Conclusion: Marze (
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-06
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603872-4
ISSN	1735-3688 ; 0253-0716
ISSN (online)	1735-3688
ISSN	0253-0716
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Article: Resistance Training Enhances Renal Function in Experimental Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion

Kafashi, Mina / Parnow, Abdolhossein / Kaffashian, Mohammad Reza / Knechtle, Beat

sems-journal

2021 Volume 69, Issue 4, Page(s) 33

Language	English ; German ; French
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	3041654-1
ISSN	2297-8712
Database	Current Contents Medicine

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Article ; Online: Clinical Manifestations, Imaging Procedures and Laboratory Parameters among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Ilam Province, Western Iran.

Kaffashian, Mohammad Reza / Shirani, Maryam / Koupaei, Maryam / Sadeghifard, Nourkhoda / Ahmadi, Iraj / Mozafari, Aliashraf / Nazari, Ali / Heidary, Mohsen / Khoshnood, Saeed

Ethiopian journal of health sciences

2022 Volume 32, Issue 3, Page(s) 485–496

Abstract: Background: COVID-19 is the last global threat which WHO confirmed it as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. In the Middle East, Iran was the first country where the SARS-Cov-2 was detected. The epidemiological and economic challenges of Iran make this ... ...

Abstract	Background: COVID-19 is the last global threat which WHO confirmed it as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. In the Middle East, Iran was the first country where the SARS-Cov-2 was detected. The epidemiological and economic challenges of Iran make this country a particularly relevant subject of study. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical, radiological and laboratory findings in hospitalized COVID-19 confirmed cases in Ilam province, western of Iran. Methods: Overall, 2204 hospitalized RT-PCR confirmed patients with COVID-19 were considered in this study. Electronic medical records, including clinical symptoms, radiological images, laboratory findings, and the comorbidities of patients with COVID-19 were collected and analyzed. In addition, the medication regimens used in these patients were evaluated. The patients were classified in discharged and died groups according to their outcomes. Then, clinical, radiological and laboratory findings as well as treatment regimens and underlying diseases were compared in these two groups. Results: Among the patients, 1209 (54.85%) were male and 995 (45.14%) were female. Pneumonia, dyspnea and cough, were the most common clinical data in both discharged and died groups. Among the comorbidities, COPD, and cancer were significantly more common in the dead patients than in the living. The results of laboratory tests showed that blood creatinine, BUN, ESR, Na+, WBC, and neutrophil count have increased in deceased group compared to the survivors. However, the lymphocyte count decreased in deceased patients. The evaluation of radiographs demonstrated that there were significant correlations between bilateral pneumonia, ground glass opacity, bilateral patchy shadowing, and pleural effusion with death. Conclusion: The current investigation indicated the special profile of COVID-19 in west of Iran. Discharged and dead patients with COVID-19 had distinct clinical, radiological and laboratory features, which were separated by principal component analysis. Identifying these characteristics of the disease would translate into the implementation of practical measures to improve results.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Iran/epidemiology ; Male ; Pandemics ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-03
Publishing country	Ethiopia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2705970-4
ISSN	2413-7170 ; 2413-7170
ISSN (online)	2413-7170
ISSN	2413-7170
DOI	10.4314/ejhs.v32i3.3
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Article ; Online: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Roles in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19.

Kenarkoohi, Azra / Maleki, Maryam / Safari, Tahereh / Kaffashian, Mohammad Reza / Saljoughi, Fateme / Sohrabipour, Shahla

Current hypertension reviews

2020 Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) 207–216

Abstract: The new pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes a wide range of clinical consequences, from asymptomatic infection to acute respiratory failure, and it is very heterogeneous. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is well recognized as a key ... ...

Abstract	The new pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes a wide range of clinical consequences, from asymptomatic infection to acute respiratory failure, and it is very heterogeneous. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is well recognized as a key regulating system in circulatory homeostasis that plays prominent roles in pathophysiological processes in abnormal activation, for instance, renal and cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and stroke. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2) is a component of the RAS system. However, unlike the ACE, its activity is not inhibited by the ACE inhibitors. The major product of ACE2 is Ang1-7, known as a vasodilator peptide and part of the depressant arm of the RAS. There are two forms of ACE2; Transmembrane ACE2 and soluble ACE2. Coronavirus is covered with some proteins in order to help viral attachment to the cell membrane ACE2 as a receptor and then fuse and enter the cells. ACE2 was expressed in the oral cavity, salivary glands of the mouth, esophagus, myocardial cells, kidney, and enterocytes, along with all the respiratory tract, intestine, and blood vessels. In this article, the renin- angiotensin system and its components have been explained. Moreover, the organs involved in COVID-19 disease, and the possible causes of damage to these organs have also been discussed. The probable mechanism of using ACE2 in viral attachment and the probable treatment processes will also be reviewed based on the surface proteins of the virus and ACE2. In addition, we briefly discuss anti-angiotensin drugs and why patients with chronic diseases are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection and show worse progression.
MeSH term(s)	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1) ; ACE2 protein, human (EC 3.4.17.23) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-25
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1875-6506
ISSN (online)	1875-6506
DOI	10.2174/1573402116666200810134702
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Article: Changes in Physiological Levels of Cortisol and Adrenocorticotropic Hormone upon Hospitalization Can Predict SARS-CoV-2 Mortality: A Cohort Study.

Ahmadi, Iraj / Estabraghnia Babaki, Hamideh / Maleki, Maryam / Jarineshin, Hashem / Kaffashian, Mohammad Reza / Hassaniazad, Mehdi / Kenarkoohi, Azra / Ghanbarnejad, Amin / Falahi, Shahab / Kazemi Jahromi, Mitra / Ghaneialvar, Hori / Sohrabipour, Shahla

International journal of endocrinology

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 4280691

Abstract: There is some indication that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis insufficiency. However, being on glucocorticoids makes it difficult to fully investigate this axis, especially in patients with severe COVID-19. ... ...

Abstract	There is some indication that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis insufficiency. However, being on glucocorticoids makes it difficult to fully investigate this axis, especially in patients with severe COVID-19. We aimed to discover if there was a connection between blood total cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels and mortality in patients with COVID-19. In Iran, 154 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were studied in a prospective cohort study. ACTH and cortisol levels in the blood were measured on the first or second day of hospitalization. Most patients (52.6 vs. 47.4%) were men over 50 years old (55.8%), and 44.4% had an underlying illness. Serum cortisol and plasma ACTH medians were 15.6 (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-25
Publishing country	Egypt
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2502951-4
ISSN	1687-8345 ; 1687-8337
ISSN (online)	1687-8345
ISSN	1687-8337
DOI	10.1155/2022/4280691
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