Article ; Online: Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water and Bladder Cancer Burden in the European Union.
Environmental health perspectives
2020 Volume 128, Issue 1, Page(s) 17001
Abstract: Background: Trihalomethanes (THMs) are widespread disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water, and long-term exposure has been consistently associated with increased bladder cancer risk.: Objective: We assessed THM levels in drinking water in ... ...
| Abstract | Background: Trihalomethanes (THMs) are widespread disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water, and long-term exposure has been consistently associated with increased bladder cancer risk. Objective: We assessed THM levels in drinking water in the European Union as a marker of DBP exposure and estimated the attributable burden of bladder cancer. Methods: We collected recent annual mean THM levels in municipal drinking water in 28 European countries (EU28) from routine monitoring records. We estimated a linear exposure-response function for average residential THM levels and bladder cancer by pooling data from studies included in the largest international pooled analysis published to date in order to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for bladder cancer associated with the mean THM level in each country (relative to no exposure), population-attributable fraction (PAF), and number of attributable bladder cancer cases in different scenarios using incidence rates and population from the Global Burden of Disease study of 2016. Results: We obtained 2005-2018 THM data from EU26, covering 75% of the population. Data coverage and accuracy were heterogeneous among countries. The estimated population-weighted mean THM level was Discussion: Efforts have been made to reduce THM levels in the European Union. However, assuming a causal association, current levels in certain countries still could lead to a considerable burden of bladder cancer that could potentially be avoided by optimizing water treatment, disinfection, and distribution practices, among other possible measures. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4495. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Drinking Water/chemistry ; Environmental Exposure/statistics & numerical data ; Europe/epidemiology ; European Union ; Humans ; Trihalomethanes ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Water Purification | ||||||||||
| Chemical Substances | Drinking Water ; Trihalomethanes ; Water Pollutants, Chemical | ||||||||||
| Language | English | ||||||||||
| Publishing date | 2020-01-15 | ||||||||||
| Publishing country | United States | ||||||||||
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | ||||||||||
| ZDB-ID | 195189-0 | ||||||||||
| ISSN | 1552-9924 ; 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475 | ||||||||||
| ISSN (online) | 1552-9924 | ||||||||||
| ISSN | 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475 | ||||||||||
| DOI | 10.1289/EHP4495 | ||||||||||
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| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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