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Article: Hyperspectral vegetation indices offer insights for determining economically optimal time of harvest in Mentha arvensis

Prasad, Nupoor / Semwal, Manoj / Kalra, Alok

Industrial crops and products. 2022 June, v. 180

2022

Abstract: Continual crop monitoring and harvesting at optimum time to ensure maximum economic returns is a huge challenge for farmers having small landholdings in Indo-Gangetic plains where Mentha arvensis is a popular cash crop. The present study evaluates ... ...

Abstract	Continual crop monitoring and harvesting at optimum time to ensure maximum economic returns is a huge challenge for farmers having small landholdings in Indo-Gangetic plains where Mentha arvensis is a popular cash crop. The present study evaluates different hyperspectral indices for phenotyping the canopy of M. arvensis winter crop (cv. CIM-Kranti) for detection of optimum harvest time using ground-based plant traits. Field experiments were conducted during mid-crop growth stage to late crop growth period for two consecutive years using hyperspectral camera (400–940 nm) to acquire images representing the spectral reflectance of crop canopies. Hyperspectral vegetation indices (HVIs) derived from these images were further evaluated with an aim to identify those hyperspectral indices showing a strong correlation to measured crop parameters. Out of the 18 HVIs, 4 HVI’s i.e. photochemical reflectance index (PRI), carotenoids reflectance index (CRIr), hyperspectral normalized difference vegetation index (HNDVI) and plant senescence reflectance index (PSRI) were recognized as potential predictors for sucker traits (weight and length) and thereby indicators of optimum harvesting time for M. arvensis winter crop (cv. CIM-Kranti) cultivated primarily to produce suckers for crop propagation. Our results show promise for the development of non-destructive methods for the detection of optimum harvest time using crop reflectance. This study holds importance for the menthol mint farmers, who cultivate the crop for suckers during winter months for additional income generation.
Keywords	Mentha arvensis ; cameras ; canopy ; carotenoids ; cash crops ; developmental stages ; harvest date ; income ; mint ; normalized difference vegetation index ; phenotype ; photochemistry ; reflectance ; vegetation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-06
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1132158-1
ISSN	1872-633X ; 0926-6690
ISSN (online)	1872-633X
ISSN	0926-6690
DOI	10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114753
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Perspectives and potential applications of endophytic microorganisms in cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants.

Tripathi, Arpita / Pandey, Praveen / Tripathi, Shakti Nath / Kalra, Alok

Frontiers in plant science

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 985429

Abstract: Ensuring food and nutritional security, it is crucial to use chemicals in agriculture to boost yields and protect the crops against biotic and abiotic perturbations. Conversely, excessive use of chemicals has led to many deleterious effects on the ... ...

Abstract	Ensuring food and nutritional security, it is crucial to use chemicals in agriculture to boost yields and protect the crops against biotic and abiotic perturbations. Conversely, excessive use of chemicals has led to many deleterious effects on the environment like pollution of soil, water, and air; loss of soil fertility; and development of pest resistance, and is now posing serious threats to biodiversity. Therefore, farming systems need to be upgraded towards the use of biological agents to retain agricultural and environmental sustainability. Plants exhibit a huge and varied niche for endophytic microorganisms inside the
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2613694-6
ISSN	1664-462X
ISSN	1664-462X
DOI	10.3389/fpls.2022.985429
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Role of ACC-deaminase synthesizing

Singh, Suman / Chanotiya, Chandan Singh / Singh, Akanksha / Vajpayee, Poornima / Kalra, Alok

Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology

2023 Volume 29, Issue 6, Page(s) 815–828

Abstract: Salinity is a significant concern in crop production, causing severe losses in agricultural yields. : Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01328-2. ...

Abstract	Salinity is a significant concern in crop production, causing severe losses in agricultural yields. Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01328-2.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-23
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487126-6
ISSN	0974-0430 ; 0971-5894
ISSN (online)	0974-0430
ISSN	0971-5894
DOI	10.1007/s12298-023-01328-2
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Article ; Online: Temperature‐induced lipocalin‐mediated membrane integrity: Possible implications for vindoline accumulation in Catharanthus roseus leaves

Mall, Maneesha / Shanker, Karuna / Nagegowda, Dinesh A. / Samad, Abdul / Kalra, Alok / Pandey, Alok / Sundaresan, Velusamy / Shukla, Ashutosh K.

Physiologia Plantarum. 2023 , v. 175, no. 5 p.e13994-

2023

Abstract: Plant lipocalins perform diverse functions. Recently, allene oxide cyclase, a lipocalin family member, has been shown to co‐express with vindoline pathway genes in Catharanthus roseus under various biotic/abiotic stresses. This brought focus to another ... ...

Abstract	Plant lipocalins perform diverse functions. Recently, allene oxide cyclase, a lipocalin family member, has been shown to co‐express with vindoline pathway genes in Catharanthus roseus under various biotic/abiotic stresses. This brought focus to another family member, a temperature‐induced lipocalin (CrTIL), which was selected for full‐length cloning, tissue‐specific expression profiling, in silico characterization, and upstream genomic region analysis for cis‐regulatory elements. Stress‐mediated variations in CrTIL expression were reflected as disturbances in cell membrane integrity, assayed through measurement of electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation product, MDA, which implicated the role of CrTIL in maintaining cell membrane integrity. For ascertaining the function of CrTIL in maintaining membrane stability and elucidating the relationship between CrTIL expression and vindoline content, if any, a direct approach was adopted, whereby CrTIL was transiently silenced and overexpressed in C. roseus. CrTIL silencing and overexpression confirmed its role in the maintenance of membrane integrity and indicated an inverse relationship of its expression with vindoline content. GFP fusion‐based subcellular localization indicated membrane localization of CrTIL, which was in agreement with its role in maintaining membrane integrity. Altogether, the role of CrTIL in maintaining membrane structure has possible implications for the intracellular sequestration, storage, and viability of vindoline.
Keywords	Catharanthus roseus ; allene-oxide cyclase ; cell membranes ; computer simulation ; electrolyte leakage ; genomics ; lipid peroxidation ; viability
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-09
Publishing place	Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2020837-6
ISSN	1399-3054 ; 0031-9317
ISSN (online)	1399-3054
ISSN	0031-9317
DOI	10.1111/ppl.13994
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Article: Differential response of two endophytic bacterial strains inoculation on biochemical and physiological parameters of Bacopa monnieriL. under arsenic stress conditions

Tripathi, Pratibha / Tripathi, Arpita / Singh, Akanksha / Yadav, Vineet / Shanker, Karuna / Khare, Puja / Kalra, Alok

Journal of hazardous materials advances. 2022 May, v. 6

2022

Abstract: The accumulation of arsenic (As), in medicinal herbs, is detrimental due to its adverse effects on plant metabolism and consumer health. The present study aims to examine the ameliorative effect of two arsenate [As(V)] reducing endophytic bacterial ... ...

Abstract	The accumulation of arsenic (As), in medicinal herbs, is detrimental due to its adverse effects on plant metabolism and consumer health. The present study aims to examine the ameliorative effect of two arsenate [As(V)] reducing endophytic bacterial strains (CIMAP-A4 and BAC-7) on As induced photo-toxicity in Bacopa monnieri. The inoculation of BAC-7 and CIMAP-A4 in As contaminated soil showed an increase in biomass (26 and 84%) and reduced As accumulation in plant tissue (42% and 88%) respectively. Strain CIMAP-A4 improved tolerance index, arsenate reductase activity, plant nutrient uptake (Zn, Mg, Ca), and non-protein thiol synthesis than BAC-7 under As stress.The indole acetic acid production and biofilm formation potential under As(V) stress (10 mg L⁻¹) only in CIMAP-A4 could be the reason for the higher ameliorating effect. The strain CIMAP-A4 was identified as Paenibacillus sp. and could be a good option for As-induced stress mitigation in plants and successful bioremediation.
Keywords	Bacopa monnieri ; Paenibacillus ; arsenates ; arsenic ; biofilm ; biomass ; bioremediation ; endophytes ; indole acetic acid ; metabolism ; nutrient uptake ; oxidoreductases ; plant tissues ; polluted soils ; thiols
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-05
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ISSN	2772-4166
DOI	10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100055
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Article: Stress responsiveness of vindoline accumulation in Catharanthus roseus leaves is mediated through co-expression of allene oxide cyclase with pathway genes

Mall, Maneesha / Shanker, Karuna / Samad, Abdul / Kalra, Alok / Sundaresan, Velusamy / Shukla, Ashutosh K.

Protoplasma. 2022 May, v. 259, no. 3

2022

Abstract: Vindoline is an important alkaloid produced in Catharanthus roseus leaves. It is the more important monomer of the scarce and costly anticancer bisindole alkaloids, vincristine, and vinblastine, as unlike catharanthine (the other monomer), its ... ...

Abstract	Vindoline is an important alkaloid produced in Catharanthus roseus leaves. It is the more important monomer of the scarce and costly anticancer bisindole alkaloids, vincristine, and vinblastine, as unlike catharanthine (the other monomer), its biosynthesis is restricted to the leaves. Here, biotic (bacterial endophyte, phytoplasma, virus) and abiotic (temperature, salinity, SA, MeJa) factors were studied for their effect on vindoline accumulation in C. roseus. Variations in vindoline pathway-related gene expression were reflected in changes in vindoline content. Since allene oxide cyclase (CrAOC) is involved in jasmonate biosynthesis and MeJa modulates many vindoline pathway genes, the correlation between CrAOC expression and vindoline content was studied. It was taken up for full-length cloning, tissue-specific expression profiling, in silico analyses, and upstream genomic region analysis for cis-regulatory elements. Co-expression analysis of CrAOC with vindoline metabolism-related genes under the influence of aforementioned abiotic/biotic factors indicated its stronger direct correlation with the tabersonine-to-vindoline genes (t16h, omt, t3o, t3r, nmt, d4h, dat) as compared to the pre-tabersonine genes (tdc, str, sgd). Its expression was inversely related to that of downstream-acting peroxidase (prx) (except under temperature stress). Direct/positive relationship of CrAOC expression with vindoline content established it as a key gene modulating vindoline accumulation in C. roseus.
Keywords	Catharanthus roseus ; Phytoplasma ; allene-oxide cyclase ; biosynthesis ; computer simulation ; endophytes ; gene expression ; genes ; genomics ; jasmonic acid ; peroxidase ; salinity ; temperature ; vinblastine ; vincristine ; viruses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-05
Size	p. 755-773.
Publishing place	Springer Vienna
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	123809-7
ISSN	1615-6102 ; 0033-183X
ISSN (online)	1615-6102
ISSN	0033-183X
DOI	10.1007/s00709-021-01701-6
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Article ; Online: Biocatalyst for the synthesis of natural flavouring compounds as food additives: Bridging the gap for a more sustainable industrial future.

Singh, Suman / Kumar Sharma, Praveen / Chaturvedi, Shivani / Kumar, Prashant / Deepak Nannaware, Ashween / Kalra, Alok / Kumar Rout, Prasant

Food chemistry

2023 Volume 435, Page(s) 137217

Abstract: Biocatalysis entails the use of purified enzymes in the manufacturing of flavouring chemicals food industry as well as at the laboratory level. These biocatalysts can significantly accelerate organic chemical processes and improve product ... ...

Abstract	Biocatalysis entails the use of purified enzymes in the manufacturing of flavouring chemicals food industry as well as at the laboratory level. These biocatalysts can significantly accelerate organic chemical processes and improve product stereospecificity. The unique characteristics of biocatalyst helpful in synthesizing the environmentally friendly flavour and aroma compounds used as a food additive in foodstuffs. With methods like enzyme engineering on biotechnological interventions the efficient tuning of produce will fulfil the needs of food industry. This review summarizes the biosynthesis of different flavour and aroma component through microbial catalysts and using advanced techniques which are available for enzyme improvement. Also pointing out their benefits and drawbacks for specific technological processes necessary for successful industrial application of biocatalysts. The article covers the market scenario, cost economics, environmental safety and regulatory framework for the production of food flavoured chemicals by the bioprocess engineering.
MeSH term(s)	Food Additives ; Biotechnology/methods ; Flavoring Agents ; Biocatalysis ; Organic Chemicals
Chemical Substances	Food Additives ; Flavoring Agents ; Organic Chemicals
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137217
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Temperature-induced lipocalin-mediated membrane integrity: Possible implications for vindoline accumulation in Catharanthus roseus leaves.

Mall, Maneesha / Shanker, Karuna / Nagegowda, Dinesh A / Samad, Abdul / Kalra, Alok / Pandey, Alok / Sundaresan, Velusamy / Shukla, Ashutosh K

Physiologia plantarum

2023 Volume 175, Issue 5, Page(s) e13994

Abstract: Plant lipocalins perform diverse functions. Recently, allene oxide cyclase, a lipocalin family member, has been shown to co-express with vindoline pathway genes in Catharanthus roseus under various biotic/abiotic stresses. This brought focus to another ... ...

Abstract	Plant lipocalins perform diverse functions. Recently, allene oxide cyclase, a lipocalin family member, has been shown to co-express with vindoline pathway genes in Catharanthus roseus under various biotic/abiotic stresses. This brought focus to another family member, a temperature-induced lipocalin (CrTIL), which was selected for full-length cloning, tissue-specific expression profiling, in silico characterization, and upstream genomic region analysis for cis-regulatory elements. Stress-mediated variations in CrTIL expression were reflected as disturbances in cell membrane integrity, assayed through measurement of electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation product, MDA, which implicated the role of CrTIL in maintaining cell membrane integrity. For ascertaining the function of CrTIL in maintaining membrane stability and elucidating the relationship between CrTIL expression and vindoline content, if any, a direct approach was adopted, whereby CrTIL was transiently silenced and overexpressed in C. roseus. CrTIL silencing and overexpression confirmed its role in the maintenance of membrane integrity and indicated an inverse relationship of its expression with vindoline content. GFP fusion-based subcellular localization indicated membrane localization of CrTIL, which was in agreement with its role in maintaining membrane integrity. Altogether, the role of CrTIL in maintaining membrane structure has possible implications for the intracellular sequestration, storage, and viability of vindoline.
MeSH term(s)	Catharanthus/genetics ; Catharanthus/metabolism ; Temperature ; Vinblastine/chemistry ; Vinblastine/metabolism ; Lipocalins/metabolism ; Plant Leaves/genetics ; Plant Leaves/metabolism
Chemical Substances	vindoline (571PJ1LW03) ; Vinblastine (5V9KLZ54CY) ; Lipocalins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-03
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2020837-6
ISSN	1399-3054 ; 0031-9317
ISSN (online)	1399-3054
ISSN	0031-9317
DOI	10.1111/ppl.13994
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Article: Molecular insights into enhanced resistance of Papaver somniferum against downy mildew by application of endophyte bacteria Microbacterium sp. SMR1

Ray, Tania / Pandey, Alok / Pandey, Shiv S. / Singh, Sucheta / Shanker, Karuna / Kalra, Alok

Physiologia plantarum. 2021 Dec., v. 173, no. 4

2021

Abstract: Downy mildew is one of the most serious diseases of Papaver somniferum. Endophytes isolated from different parts of P. somniferum were screened for their ability to enhance resistance against downy mildew caused by the obligate biotrophic oomycete ... ...

Abstract	Downy mildew is one of the most serious diseases of Papaver somniferum. Endophytes isolated from different parts of P. somniferum were screened for their ability to enhance resistance against downy mildew caused by the obligate biotrophic oomycete Peronospora meconopsidis. Two endophytes (SMR1 and SMR2) reduced the downy mildew on three P. somniferum genotypes (Sampada, J‐16, and I‐14). SMR1 (Microbacterium sp.) also enhanced the resistance of P. somniferum against downy mildew under field conditions. The biochemical markers of plant susceptibility under biotic stresses (proline and malondialdehyde) were found to be reduced in P. somniferum upon SMR1 treatment. To understand the mechanisms underlying the enhanced resistance to downy mildew in SMR1 endophyte‐treated P. somniferum genotype J‐16, we compared the expression profiles using the next‐generation RNA sequencing approach between P. somniferum pretreated with SMR1 and untreated endophyte‐free control plants following exposure to downy mildew pathogen. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed differential expression of transcripts belonging to broad classes of signal transduction, protein modification, disease/defense proteins, transcription factors, and phytohormones in SMR1‐primed P. somniferum after infection with downy mildew pathogen. Furthermore, enhanced salicylic acid content was observed in SMR1‐primed P. somniferum after exposure to downy mildew pathogen. This study sheds light on molecular mechanisms underlying enhanced resistance to downy mildew in SMR1‐primed P. somniferum. Finally, we propose that the SA‐dependent defense pathway, the hallmark of systemic acquired resistance, is activated in SMR1‐primed P. somniferum, triggering the endophyte‐induced resistance.
Keywords	Microbacterium ; Papaver somniferum ; Peronospora ; downy mildew ; endophytes ; gene expression regulation ; genotype ; malondialdehyde ; pathogens ; plant hormones ; proline ; salicylic acid ; signal transduction ; systemic acquired resistance ; transcriptomics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 1862-1881.
Publishing place	Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2020837-6
ISSN	1399-3054 ; 0031-9317
ISSN (online)	1399-3054
ISSN	0031-9317
DOI	10.1111/ppl.13528
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Article ; Online: Stress responsiveness of vindoline accumulation in Catharanthus roseus leaves is mediated through co-expression of allene oxide cyclase with pathway genes.

Mall, Maneesha / Shanker, Karuna / Samad, Abdul / Kalra, Alok / Sundaresan, Velusamy / Shukla, Ashutosh K

Protoplasma

2021 Volume 259, Issue 3, Page(s) 755–773

Abstract	Vindoline is an important alkaloid produced in Catharanthus roseus leaves. It is the more important monomer of the scarce and costly anticancer bisindole alkaloids, vincristine, and vinblastine, as unlike catharanthine (the other monomer), its biosynthesis is restricted to the leaves. Here, biotic (bacterial endophyte, phytoplasma, virus) and abiotic (temperature, salinity, SA, MeJa) factors were studied for their effect on vindoline accumulation in C. roseus. Variations in vindoline pathway-related gene expression were reflected in changes in vindoline content. Since allene oxide cyclase (CrAOC) is involved in jasmonate biosynthesis and MeJa modulates many vindoline pathway genes, the correlation between CrAOC expression and vindoline content was studied. It was taken up for full-length cloning, tissue-specific expression profiling, in silico analyses, and upstream genomic region analysis for cis-regulatory elements. Co-expression analysis of CrAOC with vindoline metabolism-related genes under the influence of aforementioned abiotic/biotic factors indicated its stronger direct correlation with the tabersonine-to-vindoline genes (t16h, omt, t3o, t3r, nmt, d4h, dat) as compared to the pre-tabersonine genes (tdc, str, sgd). Its expression was inversely related to that of downstream-acting peroxidase (prx) (except under temperature stress). Direct/positive relationship of CrAOC expression with vindoline content established it as a key gene modulating vindoline accumulation in C. roseus.
MeSH term(s)	Alkaloids/metabolism ; Catharanthus/genetics ; Catharanthus/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases ; Plant Leaves/genetics ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Vinblastine/analogs & derivatives ; Vinblastine/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Alkaloids ; vindoline (571PJ1LW03) ; Vinblastine (5V9KLZ54CY) ; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases (EC 5.3.-) ; hydroperoxide isomerase (EC 5.3.99.6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-30
Publishing country	Austria
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	123809-7
ISSN	1615-6102 ; 0033-183X
ISSN (online)	1615-6102
ISSN	0033-183X
DOI	10.1007/s00709-021-01701-6
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