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Article: Grandma's brownies are not what they used to be: Acute intoxication from cannabis ingestion.

Kam, April J

2020 Volume 25, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) S3–S4

Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2106767-3
ISSN	1918-1485 ; 1205-7088
ISSN (online)	1918-1485
ISSN	1205-7088
DOI	10.1093/pch/pxaa014
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Article: A diagnosis with a twist: Ultrasonographic sensitivity and predictors of pediatric ovarian torsion within a large pediatric hospital.

Hewitt, Mark K / Marshall-Sheppard, Jesse E / Kam, April J

World journal of emergency medicine

2022 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 229–231

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-18
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2753264-1
ISSN	1920-8642
ISSN	1920-8642
DOI	10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2022.034
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Article ; Online: Management of Toddler's Fractures: A Systematic Review.

Jeganathan, Kristine / Elangainesan, Praniya / Kam, April J

Pediatric emergency care

2020 Volume 37, Issue 12, Page(s) e1290–e1295

Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine and compare the efficacy of external fixation strategies of toddler's fracture (TF) in acute care settings. Specifically, we aim to identify whether immobilization optimizes clinical outcomes for patients ...

Abstract	Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine and compare the efficacy of external fixation strategies of toddler's fracture (TF) in acute care settings. Specifically, we aim to identify whether immobilization optimizes clinical outcomes for patients (based on immobilization duration, time to weight-bear/ambulate, and associated complications) compared with nonimmobilization, with a systematic review. Study design: After PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines, 2 independent reviewers searched electronic databases OVID Medline, Embase, and CINAHL for studies evaluating the health outcomes of various treatment methods for TF (1937-2019). The studies were chosen based on specific inclusion criteria. The 2 reviewers were looking for primary research articles that assessed health outcomes (such as immobilization duration, time to weight-bear/ambulate, and associated complications) of various treatment strategies for TF Fractures in acute care settings. Results: A total of 2385 articles were initially screened, reviewed, and then narrowed down to 6 studies for an in-depth analysis. Among these 6 studies, 5 were retrospective chart reviews and 1 was a cross-sectional online survey. A total of 565 patients from the retrospective chart reviews and 153 physicians from the cross-sectional online survey were further analyzed. The current evidence shows that there was no significant difference in clinical outcomes (ie, time to weight-bear and immobilization duration) between immobilization and nonimmobilization. Conclusions: Further large-scale prospective studies examining the clinical outcomes of TF management techniques should be conducted to establish a consistent standardized guideline for TF treatment across acute care settings.
MeSH term(s)	Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibial Fractures
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	632588-9
ISSN	1535-1815 ; 0749-5161
ISSN (online)	1535-1815
ISSN	0749-5161
DOI	10.1097/PEC.0000000000002005
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Article: A case of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome highlighting related key paediatric issues.

Leveille, Cameron F / Issenman, Robert M / Kam, April J

Paediatrics & child health

2020 Volume 25, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) S7–S9

Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2106767-3
ISSN	1918-1485 ; 1205-7088
ISSN (online)	1918-1485
ISSN	1205-7088
DOI	10.1093/pch/pxaa029
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Zs.A 5774: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Diagnosis and Acute Management of E-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury in the Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review.

Gonsalves, Clarelle L / Zhu, Jie Wei / Kam, April J

The Journal of pediatrics

2020 Volume 228, Page(s) 260–270

Abstract: Objective: To assess quantitative data on the presentation, investigative findings, patterns of lung injury, and interventions of pediatric cases of e-cigarette or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) in the acute care setting.: Study design: A ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To assess quantitative data on the presentation, investigative findings, patterns of lung injury, and interventions of pediatric cases of e-cigarette or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) in the acute care setting. Study design: A literature search using keywords was performed on April 17, 2020, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Three thousand five hundred fifty-eight articles were retrieved from MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase via OVID, CINAHL via EBSCO, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Studies were evaluated for inclusion based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria by 2 independent reviewers. Results: The search yielded a total of 3558 individual results, 145 of which were evaluated by full text review, resulting in 23 articles included in this systematic review. Two of these articles were identified by manual search of article references. A total of 61 cases of EVALI were described, and 10 major patterns of lung injury were identified for which presenting symptoms, diagnostic and laboratory investigations, interventions, and outcomes were synthesized. Conclusions: Cases of EVALI in the pediatric population have been reported in patients as young as 13 years and often present with respiratory, constitutional, abdominal, and cardiovascular signs and symptoms. Diagnostic findings vary based on the underlying lung injury pattern. However, typical patterns of common findings were identified, including the presence of ground-glass opacities on computed tomography scan and leukocytosis. Mainstays of treatment include the use of corticosteroids, antibiotics, and ventilatory support, including extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Outcomes range from complete or near complete recovery of lung function to death.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Global Health ; Humans ; Lung Injury/diagnosis ; Lung Injury/epidemiology ; Lung Injury/therapy ; Population Surveillance/methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vaping/adverse effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	3102-1
ISSN	1097-6833 ; 0022-3476
ISSN (online)	1097-6833
ISSN	0022-3476
DOI	10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.09.040
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Article ; Online: Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome in the Emergency Department: A 10-Year Review of Clinical Presentation and Management.

Beals, Lauren / Sarjinsky, Sharon / Faltyn, Mateusz / Issenman, Robert M / Kam, April J

Pediatric emergency care

2022 Volume 38, Issue 10, Page(s) e1578–e1583

Abstract: Objectives: The aims of the study were (1) to determine how frequently patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) present to the pediatric emergency department (ED) with CVS-related symptoms, (2) to identify variables in clinical presentation that ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The aims of the study were (1) to determine how frequently patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) present to the pediatric emergency department (ED) with CVS-related symptoms, (2) to identify variables in clinical presentation that occur frequently in patients with multiple ED visits, and (3) to compare ED management of CVS with recommended guidelines. Methods: This study is a retrospective chart review of all ED visits for CVS between April 1, 2008, and April 1, 2018, at a single center. Patients were identified from a master list of patients diagnosed with CVS in a pediatric gastroenterology clinic at the same center between June 1, 2004, and June 19, 2018. Results: Of the 181 CVS clinic patients identified, 65 had visited to the ED (35.9%). Two hundred twenty-eight visits met inclusion criteria. A total of 42.5% of these visits were made by a small number of high-intensity patients (n = 6) who had an average of 16.1 visits each. These patients represented less than 10% of the total patient group. Patients with frequent visits had longer visits (536.52 vs 380.55 minutes), more frequent hospital admissions (57.73% vs 29.01%), and more visits to the ED before a formal diagnosis of CVS was made (5.83 vs 1.22), but few other distinguishing characteristics. Only 27% of eligible visits were managed with an available order set, and management varied from recommended guidelines. Conclusions: An ambiguous presentation makes the identification and consistent management of CVS in the ED difficult. Physicians should consider CVS for patients who present multiple times with unremitting vomiting to ensure appropriate referral for diagnosis and prophylactic treatment. Future studies are warranted to evaluate anticipatory processing and treatment of the "high-intensity patients" who account for much of the clinical morbidity and resource utilization.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Vomiting/diagnosis ; Vomiting/etiology ; Vomiting/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632588-9
ISSN	1535-1815 ; 0749-5161
ISSN (online)	1535-1815
ISSN	0749-5161
DOI	10.1097/PEC.0000000000002694
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 2083: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A Rare Pediatric Case of Posttraumatic Pseudoaneurysm: Case Report and Literature Review.

Gu, Ada / Kam, April J

Pediatric emergency care

2017 Volume 35, Issue 12, Page(s) e226–e228

Abstract: Posttraumatic pseudoaneurysms are extremely rare in pediatric populations. In many cases, pseudoaneurysms may be confused with abscesses, epidermoid cysts, arteriovenous fistula, foreign objects, and ganglion cysts, as well as tumors. They are associated ...

Abstract	Posttraumatic pseudoaneurysms are extremely rare in pediatric populations. In many cases, pseudoaneurysms may be confused with abscesses, epidermoid cysts, arteriovenous fistula, foreign objects, and ganglion cysts, as well as tumors. They are associated with distinguishing findings of "pulsatile mass, a palpable thrill, and an audible to-and-fro murmur" (1), which can be confirmed by various imaging techniques. In this report, we describe the case of a 4-year-old boy who presented to the pediatric emergency department 3 weeks after falling and subsequently getting cut by glass. Upon clinical examination, the patient presented with pulsatile, swollen mass in the left wrist. A Doppler ultrasound of the left wrist demonstrated that the area of clinical concern in the left wrist showed a pseudoaneurysm, and prominent arterial blood flow was seen within the pseudoaneurysm. Because pseudoaneurysms, particularly posttraumatic pseudoaneurysms, are extremely rare in the pediatric population, it may be easy to miss these cases during clinical examination. Misdiagnosis of the pseudoaneurysm can cause delayed treatment, a longer recovery period, and complications such as infection, rupture, and hemorrhage. It is important for physicians to consider this entity when evaluating patients with symptoms of asymptomatic bulges to painful pulsatile masses after trauma.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Aneurysm, False/diagnostic imaging ; Aneurysm, False/pathology ; Aneurysm, False/surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnostic Errors/prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms, Post-Traumatic/diagnostic imaging ; Neoplasms, Post-Traumatic/pathology ; Neoplasms, Post-Traumatic/surgery ; Radial Artery/pathology ; Radial Artery/transplantation ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods ; Vascular Grafting/methods ; Wrist/blood supply ; Wrist/diagnostic imaging ; Wrist/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	632588-9
ISSN	1535-1815 ; 0749-5161
ISSN (online)	1535-1815
ISSN	0749-5161
DOI	10.1097/PEC.0000000000001236
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Diagnosis and Acute Management of Adolescent Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Zhu, Jie Wei / Gonsalves, Clarelle L / Issenman, Robert M / Kam, April J

The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

2020 Volume 68, Issue 2, Page(s) 246–254

Abstract: Purpose: This study aimed to synthesize qualitative and quantitative data on the diagnosis and effective management of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) in the adolescent population.: Methods: Using keywords, 1,334 studies published between ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: This study aimed to synthesize qualitative and quantitative data on the diagnosis and effective management of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) in the adolescent population. Methods: Using keywords, 1,334 studies published between December 1954 and December 2019 were extracted from MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase via OVID, CINAHL via EBSCO, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Studies were evaluated by two independent reviewers using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The search yielded 148 studies for full-text review, of which 21 were included in this systematic review. A total of 10 articles were related to the diagnosis of CHS, while 11 articles discussed the treatment and management of adolescent cases of CHS. Conclusions: CHS in the adolescent population fulfills the major and minor diagnostic criteria of CHS in the adult population; however, in adolescent patients, CHS may present more frequently in females, with the earliest reported case presenting at age 15 years. There appears to be a substantial proportion (21%) of adolescent patients diagnosed with CHS that have a history of anxiety and depression; however, higher quality studies to assess the prevalence are warranted. Although haloperidol and topical capsaicin cream may provide symptom relief in isolated cases, complete cessation of cannabis use is currently the only known effective treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Cannabinoids/adverse effects ; Capsaicin ; Female ; Humans ; Marijuana Abuse/diagnosis ; Marijuana Abuse/therapy ; Syndrome ; Treatment Outcome ; Vomiting/chemically induced ; Vomiting/diagnosis ; Vomiting/therapy
Chemical Substances	Cannabinoids ; Capsaicin (S07O44R1ZM)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	1063374-1
ISSN	1879-1972 ; 1054-139X
ISSN (online)	1879-1972
ISSN	1054-139X
DOI	10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.07.035
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Article ; Online: Applications of Postresuscitation Debriefing Frameworks in Emergency Settings: A Systematic Review.

Hale, Stephen J / Parker, Melissa J / Cupido, Cynthia / Kam, April J

AEM education and training

2020 Volume 4, Issue 3, Page(s) 223–230

Abstract: Objectives: Postresuscitation debriefing (PRD) is a valuable educational tool in emergency medicine. It is recommended by international resuscitation guidelines, has been shown to improve both patient outcomes and resuscitation team performance, and is ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Postresuscitation debriefing (PRD) is a valuable educational tool in emergency medicine. It is recommended by international resuscitation guidelines, has been shown to improve both patient outcomes and resuscitation team performance, and is frequently requested by medical learners. However, there is limited research comparing standardized debriefing frameworks. Not only does this hinder the ability of interested emergency departments (EDs) to adopt PRD, but it limits the quality of future debriefing research. We sought to identify and compare existing PRD frameworks to inform the implementation of effective PRD in emergency medicine. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA standards to identify debriefing frameworks used in the ED and other acute care settings for further analysis. Identified frameworks were analyzed and compared based on a method previously described in the literature. Results: Our search identified six frameworks, which ranged from simple tools for immediate feedback to complex, hospital-wide systems engineering-based approaches to quality improvement. Key findings were the importance of ensuring debriefing facilitators are properly selected and trained and of tailoring framework design to specific organizational targets. However, there is limited validation data for these frameworks, and more study is needed to identify and validate true best practices in PRD. Conclusions: All six identified frameworks seem to be effective methods of debriefing. Given the breadth in debriefing methods and goals identified, this suggests that there may not be a one-size-fits-all approach to PRD and that organizations should instead identify their own unique needs and barriers and adopt the debriefing framework that best addresses those needs. Other findings were the importance of well-trained debriefing facilitators and the use of clear roles in organizing debriefings. Further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of postresuscitation frameworks with regard to both team performance and patient outcomes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2472-5390
ISSN (online)	2472-5390
DOI	10.1002/aet2.10444
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Article: Pediatric emergency preparedness in Canadian family physician offices: A national survey.

Jeong, Dayae / Verma, Subhrata / Weeraratne, Anushka / Atalla, Marina / Hassan-Ali, Mohammed / Kam, April J

World journal of emergency medicine

2021 Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) 225–227

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-06
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2753264-1
ISSN	1920-8642
ISSN	1920-8642
DOI	10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2021.03.011
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