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Article ; Online: Households’ responses on medical pluralism

Pratap C. Mohanty / Kamal Sharma

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, Vol 12, Iss , Pp 100880- (2021)

Dynamics and determinants of access to traditional medicines in India

2021

Abstract: The Indian healthcare practice is pluralistic and unique since it is poised with many challenges. High out of pocket (OOPE) expenditure, scanty institutional facilities, and expensive private healthcare, etc. have strong bearing on adoption of ... ...

Abstract	The Indian healthcare practice is pluralistic and unique since it is poised with many challenges. High out of pocket (OOPE) expenditure, scanty institutional facilities, and expensive private healthcare, etc. have strong bearing on adoption of traditional health care practices besides socio-cultural and other gradients. The paper addresses the dynamics and determinants of the access to traditional medicines in India using the representative dataset of the national sample survey (71st and 75th round) conducted in 2014 and 2017–2018. The analysis includes descriptive statistics, conditional Logit regression with marginal effects and Tobit regressions models. Results confirm increased access to traditional medicines even in case of major ailments which has reduced the OOPE on healthcare. The Covid19 pandemic has synergised the use of AYUSH owing to its immunity-boosting measures. The paper also incorporates some of the recent policy initiatives taken over recently in India to facilitate the Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Sowa Rigpa, Siddha and Homoeopathy (AYUSH).
Keywords	Medical pluralism ; Traditional medicines ; Dynamics ; Determinants ; AYUSH ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	950
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Design and analysis of heat melt refuse compactor for solid waste with E-control mechanism

Ajay Kumar / Sujit Kumar Verma / Kamal Sharma / Andrés Z. Mendiburu

Environmental Challenges, Vol 12, Iss , Pp 100740- (2023)

2023

Abstract: As a technology, a Heat Melt Refuse Compactor (HMRC) has been developed to process municipal solid waste by converting into tiles and on-site valuable products. The HMRC compacts, heats the solid waste to 200°C and recovers the water from the MSW. The ... ...

Abstract	As a technology, a Heat Melt Refuse Compactor (HMRC) has been developed to process municipal solid waste by converting into tiles and on-site valuable products. The HMRC compacts, heats the solid waste to 200°C and recovers the water from the MSW. The heating causes volatile contaminants to be released into the air. The model has evaluated the design and testing parametrs for MSW processing and analysis. HMRC testing has demonstrated water recovery upto 99%, waste volume reduction upto 80%, tile stabilization for long-term, passive separation of liquid/gas phase, and operations with low maintenance cost.Heat melt refuse compactor has designed to compress by compaction process, encapsulate the waste bi-product, residual gas/water at atmoshpheric pressure, waste volume reduction and microbial stabilization. The model design shows the benefit of a heat melt refuse compactor on-site use by converting the solid waste into valuable products with thermal and compression technique. HMRC model has processed ∼1300 kg of solid waste; which produced ∼700 kg of tile, recovered ∼400 kg of water, and ∼200 kg of gaseous and residual waste. The compression ratio (Cc) of solid waste has been estimated with a compression cell with a diameter between 65 to 100 mm, mesoscale data for a diameter of 195 mm to 265 mm and high-scale data for a diameter of 300 to 400 mm. Cc is a more sensitive variable in formation of bi-products from MSW. Ground base HMRC has designed for Cc stress ranges from 20 to 300 kPa to function within the physical and environmental constraints.E-control contaminant removal mechanism keeps the environment clean and safe.
Keywords	Muncipal solid waste ; Contaminant control ; Microbial stabilization ; Electronic data control ; Heat exchanger ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	670
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Pine Needle Energy Potential in Conifer Forest of Western Himalayan

Vishal Sharma / Rajeev Kamal Sharma

Environment and Natural Resources Journal, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 55-

2019 Volume 65

Abstract: The present study estimates the energy potential of pine needles in the western Himalayan territory. Both a single point estimation approach and tree-canopy density approach were carried out to determine the net annual pine needle litterfall for ... ...

Abstract	The present study estimates the energy potential of pine needles in the western Himalayan territory. Both a single point estimation approach and tree-canopy density approach were carried out to determine the net annual pine needle litterfall for different types of conifer forest. The annual net and gross pine needles yield in the year 2018 have been estimated to be 67.99 million tonnes and 59.02 million tonnes respectively. It provides an annual primary energy (APE) potential in electric and thermal energy form. The calculated thermal energy varied from 1.16-1.34 pJ which can provide a backup of 0.09-0.1 billion kWh. Thus, the pine needle offers a source of renewable fuel with excellent combustion characteristics of 18.64 MJ/kg. Additionally, the massive pine needles would result in a net increment of economic energy to the Himalayan regions and also control the threats of forest fires and, most importantly, scale-down the environmental pollution.
Keywords	pine needles ; estimation ; conifer forest ; himalayan ; Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ; TD1-1066 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Mahidol University
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Takotsubo syndrome a rare entity in patients with COVID-19

Hardik D. Desai / Dhigishaba M. Jadeja / Kamal Sharma

International Journal of Cardiology: Heart & Vasculature, Vol 29, Iss , Pp 100604- (2020)

An updated review of case-reports and case-series

2020

Keywords	Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ; RC666-701 ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: High-frequency oscillatory ventilation as a rescue for severe asthma crisis in a child

Kamal Sharma / Ivan Von Hack-Prestinary / Rosa Vidal

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports, Vol

2020 Volume 8

Abstract: Mechanical ventilation in the asthmatic child may be complicated by dynamic air trapping leading to hemodynamic compromise and cardiac arrest. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation is relatively contraindicated because it may cause hyperinflation ... ...

Abstract	Mechanical ventilation in the asthmatic child may be complicated by dynamic air trapping leading to hemodynamic compromise and cardiac arrest. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation is relatively contraindicated because it may cause hyperinflation compared to conventional mechanical ventilation. A 2-year-old girl (weight, 11 kg) with a history of asthma was admitted because of status asthmaticus. Despite treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone, continuous albuterol, terbutaline, aminophylline, and magnesium sulfate, she had persistent respiratory distress. She required endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation because of worsening respiratory fatigue and hypercarbia ((PCO 2 ), 96 mm Hg). Severe airflow obstruction persisted, and the hypercarbia worsened despite conventional mechanical ventilation (PCO 2 > 134 mm Hg). It was judged that the patient was at risk for dynamic air trapping leading to hemodynamic compromise and cardiac arrest. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation was started to overcome airflow obstruction, and a decrease in arterial PCO 2 to 87 mm Hg was observed within 2 h. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation was discontinued after 5 h, and conventional mechanical ventilation resumed. The patient was extubated after 5 days without further complications. In summary, this case shows that high-frequency oscillatory ventilation may be considered as a rescue treatment in children who have severe status asthmaticus with persistent airflow obstruction and hypercarbia unresponsive to pharmacological therapy and conventional mechanical ventilation.
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	690
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Severe acute interstitial nephritis secondary to minocycline use in an adolescent girl

Kamal Sharma / Nicholas Geagan / Supatida Tengsupakul

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports, Vol

2020 Volume 8

Abstract: Acute interstitial nephritis is an uncommon but classic complication of minocycline therapy for acne. A 14-year-old African American girl was started on oral minocycline for the treatment of acne 6 weeks before presentation. After 4 weeks on minocycline, ...

Abstract	Acute interstitial nephritis is an uncommon but classic complication of minocycline therapy for acne. A 14-year-old African American girl was started on oral minocycline for the treatment of acne 6 weeks before presentation. After 4 weeks on minocycline, she developed a generalized rash, anasarca, fever, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, sore throat, and generalized body weakness. The evaluation showed increased levels of serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferases. Renal ultrasonography showed bilateral enlarged, echogenic kidneys, and percutaneous renal biopsy showed features of acute allergic interstitial nephritis. Treatment included methylprednisolone and intravenous fluids and discontinuation of minocycline. The elevated serum creatinine level (12.9 mg/dL (reference, 0.40–0.70 mg/dL)) suggests marked renal impairment corresponding with Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes acute kidney injury classification stage 3. The kidney injury improved from stage 3 to stage 1 within 3 days, and early treatment with steroids might have prevented chronic renal failure. The creatinine level promptly decreased to normal, and liver enzyme results also improved. In summary, the diagnosis of acute interstitial nephritis should be considered in patients who present with renal failure associated with recent use of minocycline, and treatment with corticosteroids should be considered early during the hospitalization.
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Darek (Melia azedarach) - A potential root stock for raising vigorous Neem (Azadirachta indica) plants

KAMAL SHARMA / SOM DUTT SHARMA / SANJEEV KUMAR

The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 90, Iss

2020 Volume 3

Abstract: Neem is an indigenous tree species with medicinal and pesticidal properties. It is generally raised through seed which ripens in August in northern India. The seed viability is only for few weeks and the nursery men are bound to sow the seed in nursery ... ...

Abstract	Neem is an indigenous tree species with medicinal and pesticidal properties. It is generally raised through seed which ripens in August in northern India. The seed viability is only for few weeks and the nursery men are bound to sow the seed in nursery immediately after seed ripening i.e. in August. The initial growth in nursery is very slow and the seedlings are very tender and lanky in first growing season which lasts hardly for about three months in northern India. Moreover, the species is highly susceptible to frost and hence, it becomes very difficult to protect such tender seedlings during winter. To increase the period of growing season and produce vigorous nursery stock of Neem, it was thought to grow it on a potential root stock by way of budding/grafting. Darek (Melia azedarach) with wider adaptability in varied agroecological conditions was selected as a root stock. The experiment conducted in the month of February revealed excellent bud take, survival and growth. The budded plants attained a height of 8 ft in first growing season (February to November) as against just 4 inches of seedling origin plants. The technique has proved useful to enhance initial growth and to increase the growing period of Neem which resulted in production of tall and vigorous plants. The budding technique will also be very useful for cloning Neem. Further, experiments are required to be carried out for screening better genotypes of root stock (Darek) and scion (Neem) for improving growth and desirable traits of Neem.
Keywords	Azadirachta indica ; Budding ; Melia azedearch ; Rootstock ; Scion ; Agriculture ; S
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Indian Council of Agricultural Research
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The impact of body mass index on resource utilization and outcomes of children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit

Kamal Sharma / Andre Raszynski / Balagangadhar R Totapally

SAGE Open Medicine, Vol

2019 Volume 7

Abstract: Introduction: Obesity is associated with poor health outcomes but may be protective in intensive care unit patients. The objective of this study is to describe the characteristics of underweight, normal weight, and obese children, and to compare their ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Obesity is associated with poor health outcomes but may be protective in intensive care unit patients. The objective of this study is to describe the characteristics of underweight, normal weight, and obese children, and to compare their length of stay, resource utilization, and mortality. Methods: The charts of 1447 patients who were admitted to a tertiary-level pediatric intensive care unit during 1 calendar year were reviewed. Patients were divided into three groups: underweight (<5th percentile), normal (5th–95th percentiles), and obese (>95th percentile). Body mass index for age percentile was used for children older than age 2 years, and weight-for-height percentile was used for children younger than age 2 years. Demographic data, Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 score, Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 risk of mortality, hospital mortality, hospital length of stay, the use and duration of ventilator support, hemodynamic support, and dialysis were determined. Results: Fifteen percent of children were underweight, while 61.5% were normal weight and 23.5% were obese; 54.9% of the patients were male. The overall mortality was 1.87%, with no significant difference between the three weight groups. The racial distribution, prevalence, and duration of invasive and noninvasive ventilation, and the use of vasopressors, central venous lines, and dialysis were similar between three groups. Tube feeding and parenteral nutrition were used more often in the underweight group. Pediatric intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stays were higher in underweight children. Underweight children were younger when compared to normal or obese children. Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 scores and Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 risk of mortality scores were higher in underweight children. Conclusion: There were no significant differences between the three weight groups in mortality. Underweight children were younger and sicker, and received tube feeding and parenteral nutrition more frequently.
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	360 ; 310
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Prescription Patterns of Antihypertensive Drugs at Tertiary Care Hospital

Kamal Sharma Lamsal / Keshav Raj Neupane / Rajati Sharma Kafle

Journal of Nobel Medical College, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 22-

A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study

2020 Volume 26

Abstract: Background: Hypertension is leading cause of deaths in the world. It is a modifiable and major risk factor for cardiovascular, renal and brain diseases. This study was done to see the current trend of prescription patterns of antihypertensive drugs in a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Hypertension is leading cause of deaths in the world. It is a modifiable and major risk factor for cardiovascular, renal and brain diseases. This study was done to see the current trend of prescription patterns of antihypertensive drugs in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. Materials and Methods: Observational cross sectional study was done in the patients with hypertension from September 2018 to September 2019 in the department of Medicine of Civil Service Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. A total of 242 Patients who were undergoing antihypertensive treatment were included. All calculations and statistical analyses are processed by the SPSS 25.0. Results: Out of 242 prescriptions, 135(55.8%) were males, and 107(44.2%) were females. Among them, 49 (20.2%) patients had controlled Blood Pressure, 63(26%) patients had hypertension stage I and the remaining 130 patients (53.7%) patients had stage II hypertension. In the present study, 133 (54.96%) were treated with monotherapy while, 71 (29.33%) patients were prescribed with dual therapy. The most frequently prescribed drug as monotherapy was Calcium Channel Blocker in 71(53.3%) patients followed by Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in 38 (28.6%) and thiazide diuretics in 21 (15.7%) patients. Calcium Channel Blockers with Angiotensin Receptor Blockers was the most prescribed combination in 44 (62.1%) patients followed by Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Thiazide Diuretics in 19 (26.8%) patients. Conclusion: Calcium channel blockers are the highest among the drugs that are used as monotherapy. In combination therapy, Calcium channel blockers with angiotensin receptor blocker and angiotensin receptor blockers with thiazide diuretics are the frequently prescribed drugs.
Keywords	antihypertensive drugs ; hypertension ; prescription ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610 ; 616
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Analyzing Reliability and Maintainability of Crawler Dozer BD155 Transmission Failure Using Markov Method and Total Productive Maintenance

Kartick Bhushan / Somnath Chattopadhyaya / Shubham Sharma / Kamal Sharma / Changhe Li / Yanbin Zhang / Elsayed Mohamed Tag Eldin

Sustainability, Vol 14, Iss 14534, p

A Novel Case Study for Improvement Productivity

2022 Volume 14534

Abstract: Surface mining is the world’s most costly industry due to its enormous expenses. Reduced production is forcing mining companies to automate their equipment, predominantly heavy earth mining machinery (HEMMs), for example, dump trucks, shovels, and dozers. ...

Abstract	Surface mining is the world’s most costly industry due to its enormous expenses. Reduced production is forcing mining companies to automate their equipment, predominantly heavy earth mining machinery (HEMMs), for example, dump trucks, shovels, and dozers. The backbone of pit mining is the crawler dozer, commonly known as a dozer. Crawler dozers are tracked earth-moving machines with metal blades positioned in front for pushing materials such as rocks, soil, etc. In order to survive the harsh competition, dozers must be durable and adequately maintained. Crawler dozers work under challenging conditions to avoid production delays that result in losses such as breakdowns, transmission failures, and other issues in mining operations. Transmission failures, among other issues with dozers, are one of the hardest to resolve. This study evaluates the reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) of a BD155 crawler dozer transmission using failure and repair data and the Markov method. A realistic case study on (BD155) transmission failure and associated subsystems has been performed. Potential approaches and alternatives are also identified to increase dependability and performance. This article also discusses best maintenance practices for minimizing transmission failures and boosting productivity. The availability of the BD155 increases to 71% from 62% using proper planning and maintenance.
Keywords	crawler dozer ; reliability ; maintainability ; availability ; Markov model ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	670
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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