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  1. Article ; Online: Genome Sequences of Measles Virus D4 and D8 Genotypes from India.

    Bhattad, Divya R / Kamble, Madhukar B / Vaidya, Sunil R

    Microbiology resource announcements

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 28, Page(s) e0053821

    Abstract: The genomes of 15 measles viruses isolated in 2006 to 2017 from patients <16 years of age with fever and skin rashes from four states and two union territories of India were sequenced. Study genomes were phylogenetically analyzed using 143 Indian and ... ...

    Abstract The genomes of 15 measles viruses isolated in 2006 to 2017 from patients <16 years of age with fever and skin rashes from four states and two union territories of India were sequenced. Study genomes were phylogenetically analyzed using 143 Indian and global genomes. The study reconfirms two lineages of D4 isolates and three lineages of D8 isolates from India.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2576-098X
    ISSN (online) 2576-098X
    DOI 10.1128/MRA.00538-21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Laboratory-based investigation of fever with rash cases in the Maharashtra State - India, 2014 to 2017.

    Vaidya, Sunil R / Kamble, Madhukar B / Kumbhar, Neelakshi S

    Journal of medical virology

    2019  Volume 91, Issue 6, Page(s) 972–978

    Abstract: The Maharashtra State (MS), India, launched measles surveillance in the year 2013. From 2014 to 2017, specimens from the patients presenting with fever and skin rashes were received at the National Institute of Virology, Pune. From 36 districts of the MS, ...

    Abstract The Maharashtra State (MS), India, launched measles surveillance in the year 2013. From 2014 to 2017, specimens from the patients presenting with fever and skin rashes were received at the National Institute of Virology, Pune. From 36 districts of the MS, 2795 cases (1428 males and 1367 females) were referred for the laboratory diagnosis of measles and rubella using immunoglobulin M enzyme immunoassay and/or RT-PCRs. The majority of the cases (93.3%, n = 2609) were under 15 years of age. About 17.7% (494) cases had a history of measles immunization (one dose) during their childhood. Virus isolation was attempted from 107 throat swabs and 84 urine samples obtained from 191 cases using Vero hSLAM cells. The results confirmed measles in 1756 and rubella in 282 fever with rash cases by serological and molecular tools. Precisely, 170 of 382 and 35 of 149 specimens were positive for measles and rubella RT-PCRs, respectively. Sequencing of the representative PCR products showed the circulation of measles virus genotypes D4 (n = 26) and D8 (n = 107), and rubella virus genotype 2B (n = 1). Twenty-three measles viruses were isolated and genotyped, of which, 6 were D4 and 17 were D8 genotypes. Amongst the measles-immunized individuals, 51.2% (253/494) had laboratory-confirmed measles. Overall, 72.9% fever with skin rash cases (n = 2038) from the MS was laboratory confirmed for either measles or rubella. The contribution of measles was higher than rubella in the fever with rash cases. As expected, more fever with rash cases were documented in children compared with adults and highlighted the need to increase measles-rubella immunization coverage.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Child ; Exanthema/diagnosis ; Exanthema/epidemiology ; Exanthema/virology ; Female ; Fever/diagnosis ; Fever/epidemiology ; Fever/virology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Immunization/statistics & numerical data ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; India/epidemiology ; Male ; Measles/complications ; Measles/diagnosis ; Measles virus/genetics ; Rubella/complications ; Rubella/diagnosis ; Rubella virus/genetics
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin M
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.25407
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Measles & rubella outbreaks in Maharashtra State, India.

    Vaidya, Sunil R / Kamble, Madhukar B / Chowdhury, Deepika T / Kumbhar, Neelakshi S

    The Indian journal of medical research

    2016  Volume 143, Issue 2, Page(s) 227–231

    Abstract: Background & objectives: Under the outbreak-based measles surveillance in Maharashtra State the National Institute of Virology at Pune receives 3-5 serum samples from each outbreak and samples from the local hospitals in Pune for laboratory diagnosis. ... ...

    Abstract Background & objectives: Under the outbreak-based measles surveillance in Maharashtra State the National Institute of Virology at Pune receives 3-5 serum samples from each outbreak and samples from the local hospitals in Pune for laboratory diagnosis. This report describes one year data on the measles and rubella serology, virus isolation and genotyping.
    Methods: Maharashtra State Health Agencies investigated 98 suspected outbreaks between January-December 2013 in the 20 districts. Altogether, 491 serum samples were received from 20 districts and 126 suspected cases from local hospitals. Samples were tested for the measles and rubella IgM antibodies by commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA). To understand the diagnostic utility, a subset of serum samples (n=53) was tested by measles focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT). Further, 37 throat swabs and 32 urine specimens were tested by measles reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and positive products were sequenced. Virus isolation was performed in Vero hSLAM cells.
    Results: Of the 98 suspected measles outbreaks, 61 were confirmed as measles, 12 as rubella and 21 confirmed as the mixed outbreaks. Four outbreaks remained unconfirmed. Of the 126 cases from the local hospitals, 91 were confirmed for measles and three for rubella. Overall, 93.6 per cent (383/409) confirmed measles cases were in the age group of 0-15 yr. Measles virus was detected in 18 of 38 specimens obtained from the suspected cases. Sequencing of PCR products revealed circulation of D4 (n=9) and D8 (n=9) strains. Four measles viruses (three D4 & one D8) were isolated.
    Interpretation & conclusions: Altogether, 94 measles and rubella outbreaks were confirmed in 2013 in the State of Maharasthra indicating the necessity to increase measles vaccine coverage in the State.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Child, Preschool ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Infant ; Male ; Measles/blood ; Measles/epidemiology ; Measles/virology ; Measles virus/isolation & purification ; Measles virus/pathogenicity ; Rubella/blood ; Rubella/epidemiology ; Rubella/virology ; Rubella virus/isolation & purification ; Rubella virus/pathogenicity
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; rubella antibodies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-02
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390883-5
    ISSN 0971-5916 ; 0019-5340
    ISSN 0971-5916 ; 0019-5340
    DOI 10.4103/0971-5916.180214
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Genetic and antigenic characterization of wild type rubella viruses isolated from India.

    Vaidya, Sunil R / Kasibhatla, Sunitha M / Kamble, Madhukar B / Munivenkatappa, Ashok / Kumbhar, Neelakshi S / Jayaswamy, Manjunatha M / Ramtirthkar, Mukund R / Kale, Mohan M / Kulkarni-Kale, Urmila

    Vaccine

    2021  Volume 39, Issue 6, Page(s) 876–881

    Abstract: Rubella, is a contagious disease caused by Rubella virus (RuV) that manifests as fever with skin-rashes in children and adults along with complications in pregnant women. WHO-SEAR has set a target for Rubella elimination by 2023. This is the first report ...

    Abstract Rubella, is a contagious disease caused by Rubella virus (RuV) that manifests as fever with skin-rashes in children and adults along with complications in pregnant women. WHO-SEAR has set a target for Rubella elimination by 2023. This is the first report of antigenic characterization and genome sequencing of nine RuVs sampled during 1992, 2007-9, and 2015-17 from four Indian states. Comparative analysis of Indian RuVs (2B) with that of global isolates and vaccine strain RA 27/3 (1a) revealed that the observed mutations in structural proteins have no major impact on the 3D structure, function and antigenicity. Indian RuVs formed three major clusters (Pune-1992, Kannur-2009 and Chitradurg-2007) in genome-based phylogeny of global isolates. Neutralizing antibody titers in a panel of serum samples from measles negative cases were significantly higher to the vaccine strain compared to a wild-type 2B isolate (Kannur) with concordance of 91.9%, thereby substantiating the use of current vaccines.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antigens, Viral ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Rubella/epidemiology ; Rubella/prevention & control ; Rubella virus/genetics ; Rubella virus/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Antigens, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.063
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.MO 458: Show issues

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  5. Article ; Online: Circulation of two mumps virus genotypes in an unimmunized population in India.

    Vaidya, Sunil R / Chowdhury, Deepika T / Kumbhar, Neelakshi S / Tomar, Ramsingh / Kamble, Madhukar B / Kazi, Mohammed I

    Journal of medical virology

    2013  Volume 85, Issue 8, Page(s) 1426–1432

    Abstract: Two separate outbreaks of fever with parotitis were reported from the Apsinga and Pimpla villages in the Osmanabad district of the Maharashtra State, India during February and March 2012. Meningo-encephalitis was noted in two patients resulting in the ... ...

    Abstract Two separate outbreaks of fever with parotitis were reported from the Apsinga and Pimpla villages in the Osmanabad district of the Maharashtra State, India during February and March 2012. Meningo-encephalitis was noted in two patients resulting in the death of an 11-year male. Samples of blood and throat swabs were collected from patients with fever and parotitis. Serum samples from suspected (n=62) and convalescent (n=19) patients were tested for mumps virus specific IgM and/or IgG antibodies. Mumps virus specific IgM antibodies were detected in 44 of 62 serum samples (71%). Of the 19 convalescent phase sera 16 had both, anti-mumps virus IgM and IgG antibodies. Twenty-eight throat swabs collected from patients with parotitis were tested by RT-PCR for the SH gene. Twenty-three specimens were found to be positive and nucleotide sequencing of the amplified PCR products revealed circulation of two distinct genotypes that were village specific. Mumps virus genotype C (n=18) was detected in Apsinga village and genotype G (n=5) in Pimpla village. Two mumps virus isolates were also obtained using Vero cells. This is the first report from India confirming simultaneous circulation of mumps virus genotype C in one village and the G genotype in another village only 37 km away.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; India/epidemiology ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mumps/epidemiology ; Mumps/virology ; Mumps virus/classification ; Mumps virus/genetics ; Mumps virus/isolation & purification ; Pharynx/virology ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.23600
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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