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Article ; Conference proceedings: Management of Adult with Single Ventricle, Absence of Left Pulmonary Artery, and Severe Stenosis of the BT Shunt

Kanaan, M. / Ostermayer, S. / Kosmac, B. / Kerst, G.

2024 Volume 72, Issue S 02

Event/congress	56th Annual Meeting of the German Society for Pediatric Cardiology (DGPK), Congress Center Hamburg, 2024-02-17
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01
Publisher	Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article ; Conference proceedings
ZDB-ID	800050-5
ISSN	1439-1902 ; 0171-6425 ; 0946-4778 ; 0172-6137
ISSN (online)	1439-1902
ISSN	0171-6425 ; 0946-4778 ; 0172-6137
DOI	10.1055/s-0044-1780758
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article ; Online: Older men and loneliness: a cross-sectional study of sex differences in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

Ratcliffe, John / Galdas, Paul / Kanaan, Mona

BMC public health

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 354

Abstract: Background: Research into men and masculinities suggests men may be more reluctant than women to state they are lonely, more reliant on partners/spouses and/or alcohol to tackle it, and that this may be a result of poorer social relationships. Ageing is ...

Abstract	Background: Research into men and masculinities suggests men may be more reluctant than women to state they are lonely, more reliant on partners/spouses and/or alcohol to tackle it, and that this may be a result of poorer social relationships. Ageing is often associated with loneliness, and research has indicated gendered results in older people, but existing evidence lacks generalisability and cultural context. This study tests hypotheses on sex differences in loneliness in older England-based men and women. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a sample of 6936 respondents aged 50 + from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (wave 8). Multiple imputation with chained equations was conducted to handle missing data. Multivariate regression was used to investigate the impact of sex on a direct question on loneliness whilst controlling for the University of California loneliness (UCLA) scale. Multivariate regression with interaction terms were used to examine sex differences in loneliness and alcohol consumption, partner status, and social relationships. Results: Older men were less likely than older women to state they are lonely even when controlling for UCLA score. Older men showed a greater association between loneliness and alcohol consumption, but only when measuring the number of units consumed in the last week, and not using a less precise measure of the past year. Older men who cohabited with a partner were less lonely than cohabiting older women, whereas previously married but not cohabiting older men were lonelier than their female counterparts. However, never married older men were less lonely than never married older women. Evidence was found to suggests older men's worse friendships mediated this association, but social isolation and number of close relationships did not. Severe isolation predicted greater loneliness in older women, but not older men. Conclusions: Cultural ideals of masculinity and older men's poorer quality friendships may explain their reluctance to directly state loneliness, greater dependency on partners/spouses, and use of alcohol. Severely isolated older men may under-report loneliness on the UCLA scale as well as a direct question.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Male ; Aged ; Loneliness ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Sex Characteristics ; Longitudinal Studies ; Aging
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-024-17892-5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The diversity in tobacco use among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in Pakistan: A secondary analysis of a Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2016-2018.

Sharma, Radha / Kanaan, Mona / Siddiqi, Kamran

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

2024

Abstract: Introduction: Tobacco use in women of reproductive age group(15-49 years) may contribute to poor maternal and child health outcomes. We estimated the prevalence of smokeless tobacco (ST), cigarette, and waterpipe use among these women in Pakistan and ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Tobacco use in women of reproductive age group(15-49 years) may contribute to poor maternal and child health outcomes. We estimated the prevalence of smokeless tobacco (ST), cigarette, and waterpipe use among these women in Pakistan and explored associations with socio-economic differences and birthweights after recent childbirths (past 2 years). Methods: We used the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys(MICS) datasets from three provinces in Pakistan. Prevalence was generated for current use of tobacco among women with recent childbirth(WWRC) and without recent childbirth(WWoRC). We further compared socio-economic status and birthweights between tobacco users and non-users. Results: The prevalence of current ST use was 1·4% and 2·5%, and waterpipe smoking was 1·2% and 1·8%, in WWRC and WWoRC, respectively. ST use varied across Pakistan's provinces by 13 percentage points in WWRC and WWoRC while waterpipe smoking by 10 and 15 percentage points, respectively. The odds of using any form of tobacco were significantly lower with higher levels of education or wealth index. Compared to children born to mothers who did not use tobacco, the birthweight of children born to mothers who smoked waterpipe was on average 0.83kg (95%CI -1·6 to -0·1) lower whereas it was 0·33kg (95%CI -0·9 to 0·3) higher for ST users. Conclusions: Tobacco use among women of reproductive age in Pakistan varied significantly based on province and tobacco type. Waterpipe smoking was associated with a reduction in birth weight. Raising awareness of the harms of tobacco use among women of reproductive age and targeting interventions in high-burden regions of Pakistan should be prioritised. Implications: The prevalence of current smokeless tobacco use and waterpipe smoking varied significantly in Pakistan (~13 and ~15 percentage points, respectively) among women of reproductive age, and there seems to be little change in tobacco use behaviour around pregnancy and early motherhood. The study highlights a need to better understand the prevalence of tobacco use in Pakistan, and further contextual research is warranted to understand the reasons for such high tobacco use in certain areas. This information highlights the need for improving current tobacco control interventions and policies, including measures that could help reduce its use and prevent its uptake. Furthermore, compared to children born to mothers who did not use any form of tobacco, we found a statistically significant difference (830 grams) in birthweight for babies born to mothers who at the time of the interview smoked waterpipe and a non-statistically significant difference of about 330 grams for children born to mothers who at the time of the interview used smokeless tobacco. In addition to our findings, some literature suggests the association of waterpipe smoking with low birth weight. A possible explanation could be the exposure to smoke that contains toxicants from the tobacco product itself in addition to the burning of charcoal, which is required when using waterpipe. Waterpipe smoking also results in high exposures of carbon monoxide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are known to be carcinogenic and teratogenic. In terms of smokeless tobacco use, further research is warranted to understand its impact on birth outcomes through longitudinal studies accounting for diverse products, its constituents and the amount of consumption.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1452315-2
ISSN	1469-994X ; 1462-2203
ISSN (online)	1469-994X
ISSN	1462-2203
DOI	10.1093/ntr/ntae016
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Article ; Conference proceedings: Interventional Closure of Atrial Septal Defects with Deficient Rims: How Safe Is the Gore CARDIOFORM ASD Occluder?

Ostermayer, S. / Kerst, G. / Kosmac, B. / Kanaan, M.

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon

2023 Volume 71, Issue S 02

Event/congress	55th Annual Meeting of the German Society for Pediatric Cardiology (DGPK), Congress Center Hamburg, 2023-02-11
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01
Publisher	Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article ; Conference proceedings
ZDB-ID	800050-5
ISSN	1439-1902 ; 0171-6425 ; 0946-4778 ; 0172-6137
ISSN (online)	1439-1902
ISSN	0171-6425 ; 0946-4778 ; 0172-6137
DOI	10.1055/s-0043-1761873
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article ; Conference proceedings: Percutaneous MitraClip Implantation in an Adult with Functionally Univentricular Physiology

Kanaan, M. / Ostermayer, S. / Lebherz, C. / Schröder, J. / Marx, N. / Herberg, U.

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon

2024 Volume 72, Issue S 02

Event/congress	56th Annual Meeting of the German Society for Pediatric Cardiology (DGPK), Congress Center Hamburg, 2024-02-17
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01
Publisher	Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article ; Conference proceedings
ZDB-ID	800050-5
ISSN	1439-1902 ; 0171-6425 ; 0946-4778 ; 0172-6137
ISSN (online)	1439-1902
ISSN	0171-6425 ; 0946-4778 ; 0172-6137
DOI	10.1055/s-0044-1780727
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article ; Online: Reconceptualising men's loneliness: An interpretivist interview study of UK-based men.

Ratcliffe, John / Kanaan, Mona / Galdas, Paul

Social science & medicine (1982)

2023 Volume 332, Page(s) 116129

Abstract: Loneliness has been extensively linked to negative physical and mental health outcomes. Often defined as a subjective emotion, the influence of sex and gender has regularly been cited as vital to understanding individuals' experiences. Despite this, ... ...

Abstract	Loneliness has been extensively linked to negative physical and mental health outcomes. Often defined as a subjective emotion, the influence of sex and gender has regularly been cited as vital to understanding individuals' experiences. Despite this, little research has explored men's perspectives of loneliness using interpretivist approaches. This study addresses this by exploring how gender influences men's constructions and experiences of loneliness in an interview study with a diverse sample of 20 UK-based men. Theoretical thematic analysis led to the generation of a novel conceptualisation of loneliness comprising four interconnected themes: socially negotiated self-worth (an intersubjectively defined mental state); being positively occupied (a mental state of meaningful focus/action); social connections (vital for consistently achieving these mental states); and capacity to form social connections. A second 'layer' in the findings describes how cultural norms of masculinity impacted loneliness defined in this way. Notions of invulnerability and social comparison could render it more difficult for men to form intimate and supportive connections or seek help for loneliness. However, as they were normative, they could also promote self-worth, and facilitate social connections, despite these negative effects. Similarly, masculine roles, in particular family roles, represented a normative framework for preventing loneliness, and could be both beneficial or problematic depending on other aspects of life, identity, or needs. The study offers insight into how men negotiate loneliness within a habitus incorporating multiple and varied gendered norms, values, and structures. Policy and practice interventions could usefully consider and mitigate the risks posed by non-conformity, aim to promote mental states of self-worth and positive occupation, and work to deconstruct masculine norms and values where appropriate.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Loneliness ; Men/psychology ; Masculinity ; Qualitative Research ; United Kingdom ; Men's Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	4766-1
ISSN	1873-5347 ; 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
ISSN (online)	1873-5347
ISSN	0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
DOI	10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116129
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Zs.A 625: Show issues

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Article ; Online: How do we react to cluttered displays? Evidence from the first seconds of visual search in websites.

Kanaan, Malk / Moacdieh, Nadine Marie

Ergonomics

2021 Volume 64, Issue 11, Page(s) 1452–1464

Abstract: Display clutter is known to degrade search performance and lead to differences in eye movement measures in different contexts. The goal of this study was to determine whether these differences in eye movements could be detected in the first few seconds ... ...

Abstract	Display clutter is known to degrade search performance and lead to differences in eye movement measures in different contexts. The goal of this study was to determine whether these differences in eye movements could be detected in the first few seconds of a search task using a realistic display, both with or without time pressure. Participants were asked to search for image or word targets in 40 website screenshots. Time pressure was introduced for half the trials. Clutter algorithms were used to classify the websites as low- or high-clutter. Performance, subjective, and eye-tracking metrics were collected. Results showed that people's attention allocation within the first 3 s of search is different when viewing high-clutter websites. In particular, people's spread of attention was larger in high-clutter websites. The results can be used to detect whether a person is struggling with clutter early on after they view a display.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Attention ; Eye Movements ; Humans ; Visual Perception
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1920-3
ISSN	1366-5847 ; 0014-0139
ISSN (online)	1366-5847
ISSN	0014-0139
DOI	10.1080/00140139.2021.1927200
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Article ; Online: Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiogram of Thermotolerant

Hadi Ghaffoori Kanaan, M / Jebur Obayes Al-Isawi, A / Ahmad Mohamme, F

Archives of Razi Institute

2022 Volume 77, Issue 1, Page(s) 249–255

Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is a critical public health issue that affects people all over the world. Since bacteria have a proclivity for rapidly acquiring and propagating the resistance gene, antimicrobial- ... ...

Abstract	Antimicrobial resistance is a critical public health issue that affects people all over the world. Since bacteria have a proclivity for rapidly acquiring and propagating the resistance gene, antimicrobial-resistant
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Campylobacter coli/drug effects ; Campylobacter coli/genetics ; Campylobacter jejuni/drug effects ; Campylobacter jejuni/genetics ; Chickens ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics ; Iraq ; Meat/microbiology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests/veterinary ; Poultry/microbiology ; Tetracycline
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Tetracycline (F8VB5M810T)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-28
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2555498-0
ISSN	2008-9872 ; 0365-3439
ISSN (online)	2008-9872
ISSN	0365-3439
DOI	10.22092/ARI.2021.356362.1828
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Eliciting uncertainty for complex parameters in model-based economic evaluations: quantifying a temporal change in the treatment effect.

Jankovic, Dina / Payne, Katherine / Kanaan, Mona / Bojke, Laura

International journal of technology assessment in health care

2022 Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) e21

Abstract: Background: In model-based economic evaluations, the effectiveness parameter is often informed by studies with a limited duration of follow-up, requiring extrapolation of the treatment effect over a longer time horizon. Extrapolation from short-term ... ...

Abstract	Background: In model-based economic evaluations, the effectiveness parameter is often informed by studies with a limited duration of follow-up, requiring extrapolation of the treatment effect over a longer time horizon. Extrapolation from short-term data alone may not adequately capture uncertainty in that extrapolation. This study aimed to use structured expert elicitation to quantify uncertainty associated with extrapolation of the treatment effect observed in a clinical trial. Methods: A structured expert elicitation exercise was conducted for an applied study of a podiatry intervention designed to reduce the rate of falls and fractures in the elderly. A bespoke web application was used to elicit experts' beliefs about two outcomes (rate of falls and odds of fracture) as probability distributions (priors), for two treatment options (intervention and treatment as usual) at multiple time points. These priors were used to derive the temporal change in the treatment effect of the intervention, to extrapolate outcomes observed in a trial. The results were compared with extrapolation without experts' priors. Results: The study recruited thirty-eight experts (geriatricians, general practitioners, physiotherapists, nurses, and academics) from England and Wales. The majority of experts (32/38) believed that the treatment effect would depreciate over time and expressed greater uncertainty than that extrapolated from a trial-based outcome alone. The between-expert variation in predicted outcomes was relatively small. Conclusions: This study suggests that uncertainty in extrapolation can be informed using structured expert elicitation methods. Using structured elicitation to attach values to complex parameters requires key assumptions and simplifications to be considered.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Expert Testimony/methods ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Technology Assessment, Biomedical ; Uncertainty
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632573-7
ISSN	1471-6348 ; 0266-4623
ISSN (online)	1471-6348
ISSN	0266-4623
DOI	10.1017/S0266462322000022
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Zs.A 2073: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Men and loneliness in the Covid-19 pandemic: Insights from an interview study with UK-based men.

Ratcliffe, John / Kanaan, Mona / Galdas, Paul

Health & social care in the community

2022 Volume 30, Issue 5, Page(s) e3009–e3017

Abstract: Since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, the UK, like many countries, has had restrictions on social contact, and injunctions of 'social distancing'. This study aimed to generate new insights into men's experiences of loneliness during the pandemic, and ...

Abstract	Since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, the UK, like many countries, has had restrictions on social contact, and injunctions of 'social distancing'. This study aimed to generate new insights into men's experiences of loneliness during the pandemic, and consider the ramifications of these for continued/future restrictions, the easing of restrictions, and the future beyond the pandemic. Twenty qualitative interviews were conducted with men between January and March 2021. A maximum variation purpose sample frame required at least three non-white men, three LGBTQ+men, three men with a university education, three without a university education, three 18-30 years old, and three aged 60+. Thematic analysis, focused on semantic themes, was employed as part of a 'grounded' epistemology whereby the stated perspectives of the interviewees drove the content of the study. Seven themes were constructed: (i) lost and new activities and routines; (ii) remote social interaction; (iii) narrowed social spheres; (iv) rethought and renewed recognition of what is important; (v) loneliness with a purpose; (vi) anxiety of social contact; and (vii) easier for themselves than others. Lost routines, fewer meaningful activities, and a reduction in face-to-face interaction, were framed as challenges to preventing loneliness. Solo-living gay men seemed particularly negatively affected. However, many men displayed new, more covid-safe routines and activities. Remote forms of interaction were often utilised, and though they were imperfect, were constructed as worth engaging with, and held capacity for improvement. A moral need to reduce transmission of SARS-COV-2, and a fear of catching it, became important features of participants lives that also affected loneliness. Men at higher risk of health complications from Covid-19 were particularly likely to highlight anxiety of social contact. Reducing restrictions alone may not return everyone to pre-pandemic levels of loneliness, particularly if the pandemic remains a significant public health issue.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Humans ; Loneliness ; Male ; Pandemics ; Qualitative Research ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1155902-0
ISSN	1365-2524 ; 0966-0410
ISSN (online)	1365-2524
ISSN	0966-0410
DOI	10.1111/hsc.13746
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