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Conference proceedings ; Online: An unsupervised machine learning-based methodology to study the seasonal dispersal pathways of short-lived pollutants from Major Population Centers

Poulidis, A. / Daskalakis, N. / Kanakidou, M. / Vrekoussis, M.

XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)

2023

Abstract: The rapid increase in human population since 1900 has occurred along with a rapid increase in urbanization - the process of migration from rural into urban areas. The fossil fuel combustion-based emissions affecting areas with high population densities ... ...

Abstract	The rapid increase in human population since 1900 has occurred along with a rapid increase in urbanization - the process of migration from rural into urban areas. The fossil fuel combustion-based emissions affecting areas with high population densities induce a significant health risk for local populations. Protection of human health requires better knowledge of local and regional impacts of urban pollution dispersal. This study addresses the issue of short-lived pollutant transport (e.g. NOx) by constructing a methodology to study the seasonality of common dispersal pathways from Major Population Centers (MPCs); initially applied to 5 MPCs in south America during 2018. For each city, ERA5 reanalysis data were used to drive the FLEXPART emission transport model to simulate the dispersal of near-surface emissions. Simulations are performed for a total of 8 hours from release in the early morning and in the evening, to capture the effects of commuting. A total of 100,000 trajectories per release time per city were analyzed to create representative average trajectories. The k-means clustering algorithm was then applied to categorize the emissions per MPC. Clustering for each MPC led to a robust grouping of trajectories that were seen to reflect climatological and topographic phenomena during the simulation period and exhibit strong seasonality. This finding supports potential applicability of the proposed methodology for a global analysis of MPC emissions.
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-11
Publishing country	de
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Spatiotemporal Gradients of PAH Concentrations in Greek Cities and Associated Exposure Impacts.

Tsiodra, Irini / Tavernaraki, Kalliopi / Grivas, Georgios / Parinos, Constantine / Papoutsidaki, Kyriaki / Paraskevopoulou, Despina / Liakakou, Eleni / Gogou, Alexandra / Bougiatioti, Aikaterini / Gerasopoulos, Evangelos / Kanakidou, Maria / Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos

Toxics

2024 Volume 12, Issue 4

Abstract: To study the spatiotemporal variability of particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and assess their carcinogenic potential in six contrasting urban environments in Greece, a total of 305 filter samples were collected and analyzed. Sampling ...

Abstract	To study the spatiotemporal variability of particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and assess their carcinogenic potential in six contrasting urban environments in Greece, a total of 305 filter samples were collected and analyzed. Sampling sites included a variety of urban background, traffic (Athens, Ioannina and Heraklion), rural (Xanthi) and near-port locations (Piraeus and Volos). When considering the sum of 16 U.S. EPA priority PAHs, as well as that of the six EU-proposed members, average concentrations observed across locations during summer varied moderately (0.4-2.2 ng m
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2733883-6
ISSN	2305-6304 ; 2305-6304
ISSN (online)	2305-6304
ISSN	2305-6304
DOI	10.3390/toxics12040293
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) at an urban background site in Athens, Greece: Levels, sources and impact of atmospheric circulation

Dimitriou, K / Bougiatioti, A / Ramonet, M / Pierros, F / Michalopoulos, P / Liakakou, E / Solomos, S / Quehe, P.-Y / Delmotte, M / Gerasopoulos, E / Kanakidou, M / Mihalopoulos, N

Atmospheric environment. 2021 May 15, v. 253

2021

Abstract: Year-round carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) concentration measurements, performed for the first time in the city of Athens, Greece from December 21, 2018 to December 31, 2019, are presented in this study and analyzed in relation to atmospheric ... ...

Abstract	Year-round carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) concentration measurements, performed for the first time in the city of Athens, Greece from December 21, 2018 to December 31, 2019, are presented in this study and analyzed in relation to atmospheric circulation patterns at a local, regional and long-range transport scale. Clear diurnal and seasonal variations of both greenhouse gases were detected. The observed increased levels during night and early morning hours are attributed to traffic/heating emissions and leakages of residential natural gas for CO₂ and CH₄, respectively. Using CO₂ and CH₄ levels simultaneously measured at the regional background site at Finokalia (Greece), increments in their levels due to local and regional anthropogenic sources within the city were assessed. For CO₂, maximum and minimum increments were clearly observed during winter and summer respectively, suggesting a greater impact of combustion of fossil fuel and especially of biomass on CO₂ levels during winter. On the other hand, CH₄ increments were similar in all seasons, suggesting that local sources of CH₄ remain quite constant year-round. Through the implementation of the Conditional Probability Function (CPF), the emission sources of theses greenhouse gases have been localized to the northern and the eastern domains of the Athens basin. Stagnant atmospheric conditions were also associated with an increased likelihood of CO₂ and CH₄ episodes. Backward modeling simulations with FLEXPART and HYSPLIT models indicate an industrial zone and a petrochemical zone, situated to the north and to the west of Athens respectively, as possible CH₄ regional sources as well as possible CO₂ contributions from southern directions attributed to shipping emissions from the port of Piraeus. The present study provides knowledge needed for the determination of greenhouse gas emission mitigation strategies in Athens.
Keywords	atmospheric circulation ; basins ; biomass ; carbon dioxide ; combustion ; environment ; greenhouse gas emissions ; greenhouses ; methane ; natural gas ; probability ; summer ; winter ; Greece
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0515
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	216368-8
ISSN	0004-6981 ; 1352-2310
ISSN	0004-6981 ; 1352-2310
DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118372
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Stratospheric impacts on dust transport and air pollution in West Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean.

Dai, Ying / Hitchcock, Peter / Mahowald, Natalie M / Domeisen, Daniela I V / Hamilton, Douglas S / Li, Longlei / Marticorena, Beatrice / Kanakidou, Maria / Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos / Aboagye-Okyere, Adwoa

Nature communications

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 7744

Abstract: Saharan dust intrusions strongly impact Atlantic and Mediterranean coastal regions. Today, most operational dust forecasts extend only 2-5 days. Here we show that on timescales of weeks to months, North African dust emission and transport are impacted by ...

Abstract	Saharan dust intrusions strongly impact Atlantic and Mediterranean coastal regions. Today, most operational dust forecasts extend only 2-5 days. Here we show that on timescales of weeks to months, North African dust emission and transport are impacted by sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs), which establish a negative North Atlantic Oscillation-like surface signal. Chemical transport models show a large-scale dipolar dust response to SSWs, with the burden in the Eastern Mediterranean enhanced up to 30% and a corresponding reduction in West Africa. Observations of inhalable particulate (PM
MeSH term(s)	Dust/analysis ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Air Pollutants/adverse effects ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Aerosols/analysis ; Africa, Northern ; Environmental Monitoring
Chemical Substances	Dust ; Particulate Matter ; Air Pollutants ; Aerosols
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-022-35403-1
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Article ; Online: A twenty year record of greenhouse gases in the Eastern Mediterranean atmosphere.

Gialesakis, Nikos / Kalivitis, Nikos / Kouvarakis, Giorgos / Ramonet, Michel / Lopez, Morgan / Kwok, Camille Yver / Narbaud, Clement / Daskalakis, Nikos / Mermigkas, Marios / Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos / Kanakidou, Maria

The Science of the total environment

2022 Volume 864, Page(s) 161003

Abstract: Twenty years of ... ...

Abstract	Twenty years of CO
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161003
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Book ; Online: Impact of biomass burning and stratospheric intrusions in the remote South Pacific Ocean troposphere

Daskalakis, Nikos / Gallardo, Laura / Kanakidou, Maria / Nüß, Johann Rasmus / Menares, Camilo / Rondanelli, Roberto / Thompson, Anne M. / Vrekoussis, Mihalis

eISSN: 1680-7324

2022

Abstract: The ozone mixing ratio spatiotemporal variability in the pristine South Pacific Ocean is studied, for the first time, using 21-year-long ozone ( O 3 ) records from the entire southern tropical and subtropical Pacific between 1994 and 2014. The analysis ... ...

Abstract	The ozone mixing ratio spatiotemporal variability in the pristine South Pacific Ocean is studied, for the first time, using 21-year-long ozone ( O 3 ) records from the entire southern tropical and subtropical Pacific between 1994 and 2014. The analysis considered regional O 3 vertical observations from ozonesondes, surface carbon monoxide (CO) observations from flasks, and three-dimensional chemistry-transport model simulations of the global troposphere. Two 21-year-long numerical simulations, with and without biomass burning emissions, were performed to disentangle the importance of biomass burning relative to stratospheric intrusions for ambient ozone levels in the region. Tagged tracers of O 3 from the stratosphere and CO from various biomass burning regions have been used to track the impact of these different regions on the southern tropical Pacific O 3 and CO levels. Patterns have been analyzed based on atmospheric dynamics variability. Considering the interannual variability in the observations, the model can capture the observed ozone gradients in the troposphere with a positive bias of 7.5 % in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) as well as near the surface. Remarkably, even the most pristine region of the global ocean is affected by distant biomass burning emissions by convective outflow through the mid and high troposphere and subsequent subsidence over the pristine oceanic region. Therefore, the biomass burning contribution to tropospheric CO levels maximizes in the UTLS. The Southeast Asian open fires have been identified as the major contributing source to CO from biomass burning in the tropical South Pacific, contributing on average for the study period about 8.5 and 13 ppbv of CO at Rapa Nui and Samoa, respectively, at an altitude of around 12 km during the burning season in the spring of the Southern Hemisphere. South America is the second-most important biomass burning source region that influences the study area. Its impact maximizes in the lower troposphere (6.5 ppbv for Rapa Nui and 3.8 ppbv for Samoa). All biomass burning sources contribute about 15–23 ppbv of CO at Rapa Nui and Samoa and account for about 25 % of the total CO in the entire troposphere of the tropical and subtropical South Pacific. This impact is also seen on tropospheric O 3 , to which biomass burning O 3 precursor emissions contribute only a few ppbv during the burning period, while the stratosphere–troposphere exchange is the most important source of O 3 for the mid troposphere of the South Pacific Ocean, contributing about 15–20 ppbv in the subtropics.
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-29
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
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Book ; Online: Data and scripts for manuscript "Efficacy of high-resolution satellite observations in inverse modeling of carbon monoxide emissions"

Nüß, Johann Rasmus / Daskalakis, Nikos / Piwowarczyk, Fabian Günther / Gkouvousis, Angelos / Schneising, Oliver / Buchwitz, Michael / Kanakidou, Maria / Krol, Maarten C. / Vrekoussis, Mihalis

2022

Abstract: Collection of analysis and plotting scripts and model in- and output needed to reproduce the simulations, figures and analysis for the manuscript "Efficacy of high-resolution satellite observations in inverse modeling of carbon monoxide emissions" ... ...

Abstract	Collection of analysis and plotting scripts and model in- and output needed to reproduce the simulations, figures and analysis for the manuscript "Efficacy of high-resolution satellite observations in inverse modeling of carbon monoxide emissions" authored by Nüß et al. See the included README for more information on what each file includes.
Keywords	Life Science
Publisher	University of Bremen
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Past, Present and Future Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition.

Kanakidou, M / Myriokefalitakis, S / Daskalakis, N / Fanourgakis, G / Nenes, A / Baker, A R / Tsigaridis, K / Mihalopoulos, N

Journal of the atmospheric sciences

2016 Volume 73, Issue 5, Page(s) 2039–2047

Abstract: Reactive nitrogen emissions into the atmosphere are increasing due to human activities, affecting nitrogen deposition to the surface and impacting the productivity of terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An atmospheric chemistry-transport model (TM4-ECPL) ... ...

Abstract	Reactive nitrogen emissions into the atmosphere are increasing due to human activities, affecting nitrogen deposition to the surface and impacting the productivity of terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An atmospheric chemistry-transport model (TM4-ECPL) is here used to calculate the global distribution of total nitrogen deposition, accounting for the first time for both its inorganic and organic fractions in gaseous and particulate phases, and past and projected changes due to anthropogenic activities. The anthropogenic and biomass burning ACCMIP historical and RCP6.0 and RCP8.5 emissions scenarios are used. Accounting for organic nitrogen (ON) primary emissions, the present-day global nitrogen atmospheric source is about 60% anthropogenic, while total N deposition increases by about 20% relative to simulations without ON primary emissions. About 20-25% of total deposited N is ON. About 10% of the emitted nitrogen oxides are deposited as ON instead of inorganic nitrogen (IN) as is considered in most global models. Almost a 3-fold increase over land (2-fold over the ocean) has been calculated for soluble N deposition due to human activities from 1850 to present. The investigated projections indicate significant changes in the regional distribution of N deposition and chemical composition, with reduced compounds gaining importance relative to oxidized ones, but very small changes in the global total flux. Sensitivity simulations quantify uncertainties due to the investigated model parameterizations of IN partitioning onto aerosols and of N chemically fixed on organics to be within 10% for the total soluble N deposition and between 25-35% for the dissolved ON deposition. Larger uncertainties are associated with N emissions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218351-1
ISSN	0022-4928 ; 0099-7005
ISSN	0022-4928 ; 0099-7005
DOI	10.1175/JAS-D-15-0278.1
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Article ; Online: Ozone and carbon monoxide budgets over the Eastern Mediterranean.

Myriokefalitakis, S / Daskalakis, N / Fanourgakis, G S / Voulgarakis, A / Krol, M C / Aan de Brugh, J M J / Kanakidou, M

The Science of the total environment

2016 Volume 563-564, Page(s) 40–52

Abstract: The importance of the long-range transport (LRT) on O3 and CO budgets over the Eastern Mediterranean has been investigated using the state-of-the-art 3-dimensional global chemistry-transport model TM4-ECPL. A 3-D budget analysis has been performed ... ...

Abstract	The importance of the long-range transport (LRT) on O3 and CO budgets over the Eastern Mediterranean has been investigated using the state-of-the-art 3-dimensional global chemistry-transport model TM4-ECPL. A 3-D budget analysis has been performed separating the Eastern from the Western basins and the boundary layer (BL) from the free troposphere (FT). The FT of the Eastern Mediterranean is shown to be a strong receptor of polluted air masses from the Western Mediterranean, and the most important source of polluted air masses for the Eastern Mediterranean BL, with about 40% of O3 and of CO in the BL to be transported from the FT aloft. Regional anthropogenic sources are found to have relatively small impact on regional air quality in the area, contributing by about 8% and 18% to surface levels of O3 and CO, respectively. Projections using anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 but neglecting climate change calculate a surface O3 decrease of about 11% together with a surface CO increase of roughly 10% in the Eastern Mediterranean.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.061
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Article ; Online: Improving Estimates of Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Ozone Total Deposition through Multi-Model and Measurement-Model Fusion Approaches.

Fu, Joshua S / Carmichael, Gregory R / Dentener, Frank / Aas, Wenche / Andersson, Camilla / Barrie, Leonard A / Cole, Amanda / Galy-Lacaux, Corinne / Geddes, Jeffrey / Itahashi, Syuichi / Kanakidou, Maria / Labrador, Lorenzo / Paulot, Fabien / Schwede, Donna / Tan, Jiani / Vet, Robert

Environmental science & technology

2022 Volume 56, Issue 4, Page(s) 2134–2142

Abstract: Earth system and environmental impact studies need high quality and up-to-date estimates of atmospheric deposition. This study demonstrates the methodological benefits of multimodel ensemble and measurement-model fusion mapping approaches for atmospheric ...

Abstract	Earth system and environmental impact studies need high quality and up-to-date estimates of atmospheric deposition. This study demonstrates the methodological benefits of multimodel ensemble and measurement-model fusion mapping approaches for atmospheric deposition focusing on 2010, a year for which several studies were conducted. Global model-only deposition assessment can be further improved by integrating new model-measurement techniques, including expanded capabilities of satellite observations of atmospheric composition. We identify research and implementation priorities for timely estimates of deposition globally as implemented by the World Meteorological Organization.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Nitrogen/analysis ; Ozone/analysis ; Sulfur
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Ozone (66H7ZZK23N) ; Sulfur (70FD1KFU70) ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ISSN	1520-5851
ISSN (online)	1520-5851
DOI	10.1021/acs.est.1c05929
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