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Article ; Online: A novel concept and design for highly efficient photoelectrocatalytic materials with high performance, stability, and charge transport properties: development of an innovative next-generation green technology.

Mugheri, Abdul Qayoom / Ali, Kashif / Sangah, Ali Asghar / Khaskheli, Mazhar Iqbal / Laghari, Muhammad Younis / Mugheri, Nadeem Ahmed / Soomro, Muhammad Rajib / Chohan, Muhammad Ishfaq / Mugheri, Arsalan Ahmed / Kandhro, Aftab

RSC advances

2024 Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) 1581–1592

Abstract: In semiconductors, generating ... ...

Abstract	In semiconductors, generating charges
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2046-2069
ISSN (online)	2046-2069
DOI	10.1039/d3ra05126a
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Synthesis of biodiesel via pre-blending of feedstocks: an optimization by the polynomial curve fitting method

Panhwar, Tarique / Mahesar, Sarfaraz Ahmed / Kandhro, Aftab Ahmed / Laghari, Aijaz / Tufail Hussain Sherazi, Syed / Atabani, A. E

Biofuels. 2021 July 3, v. 12, no. 6

2021

Abstract: Use of abundant indigenous energy crops for biofuel production contributes to enhance the economy and reduce the dependence on fossil fuels. This article aims to shed light on two energy crops available in Pakistan; castor (Ricinus communis L.) and ... ...

Abstract	Use of abundant indigenous energy crops for biofuel production contributes to enhance the economy and reduce the dependence on fossil fuels. This article aims to shed light on two energy crops available in Pakistan; castor (Ricinus communis L.) and cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Although castor has excellent oil content (54%), its high viscosity is not acceptable. Therefore, pre-blending with cottonseed oil was proposed. Physical and chemical properties of crude oils, pure biodiesels and binary blends besides fatty acid composition and degree of unsaturation were analyzed. Biodiesels were checked for quality parameters within limits of American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) and European Standards. Improvement in kinematic viscosity and density of castor biodiesel were noticed following this concept. Moreover, the developed empirical formula indicated that an optimized blending ratio of 93.86% cottonseed oil and 6.14% castor oil accomplished biodiesel yield of 91.12%, kinematic viscosity of 6 mm²/s and cetane number of 48.79, respectively, which all satisfy ASTM D6751. This technique also indicated that pre-blending can raise the ester content of castor biodiesel. In conclusion, it is recommended to adopt the concept of pre-blending to improve the quality of biodiesel and thus the engine and emission performance in compression ignition engines.
Keywords	Gossypium hirsutum ; Ricinus communis ; biodiesel ; castor oil ; cottonseed ; cottonseed oil ; energy ; fatty acid composition ; feedstocks ; fuel production ; lipid content ; viscosity ; Pakistan
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0703
Size	p. 679-688.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ISSN	1759-7277
DOI	10.1080/17597269.2018.1519763
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Purification of flavonoid metal complexes from Alhagi camelorum with calix[4]arene based impregnated resin

Memon, Shahabuddin / Laghari, Abdul Hafeez / Kandhro, Aftab A / Memon, Fakhar N / Nelofar, Aisha

Analytical methods. 2014 July 24, v. 6, no. 16

2014

Abstract: Calixarenes are well known for their molecular recognition properties. Thus, the present study was carried out to explore their usage in the isolation of flavonoids [i.e. quercetin (I) and catechin (II)] from plant extracts, e.g. Alhagi camelorum through ...

Abstract	Calixarenes are well known for their molecular recognition properties. Thus, the present study was carried out to explore their usage in the isolation of flavonoids [i.e. quercetin (I) and catechin (II)] from plant extracts, e.g. Alhagi camelorum through metal complexation. The synthesis of flavonoid metal complexes from plant extracts through direct complexation and their purification by using calix[4]arene based resin (R-1) was carried out simultaneously to ensure the separation efficiency of R-1. It was observed that the direct complexation of flavonoids present in plant extracts and purification using a column loaded with R-1 could be the best choice for industries requiring the isolation and purification of flavonoids or their complexes from plants.
Keywords	Alhagi maurorum ; analytical methods ; aromatic hydrocarbons ; catechin ; industry ; metals ; plant extracts ; quercetin
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-0724
Size	p. 6332-6336.
Publishing place	The Royal Society of Chemistry
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2515210-5
ISSN	1759-9679 ; 1759-9660
ISSN (online)	1759-9679
ISSN	1759-9660
DOI	10.1039/c4ay00167b
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: 2,3-Pyridine dicarboxylic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles: Insight into experimental conditions for Cr

Shaikh, Ruqaya / Memon, Najma / Solangi, Amber R / Shaikh, Huma I / Agheem, Muhammad Hassan / Ali, Syed Abid / Shah, Muhammad Raza / Kandhro, Aftab

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy

2017 Volume 173, Page(s) 241–250

Abstract: Selectivity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) depends upon surface functionality; small changes in structure or concentration bring significant changes in the behavior of AuNPs. In this study, citrate-capped AuNPs were functionalized with ortho-dicarboxylate ...

Abstract	Selectivity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) depends upon surface functionality; small changes in structure or concentration bring significant changes in the behavior of AuNPs. In this study, citrate-capped AuNPs were functionalized with ortho-dicarboxylate substituted pyridine (2,3-PDCA) and detailed studies on experimental conditions were carried out to check the stability of AuNPs and response for Cr
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	210413-1
ISSN	1873-3557 ; 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
ISSN (online)	1873-3557
ISSN	0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
DOI	10.1016/j.saa.2016.09.016
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Article ; Online: Characterization of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate of Different Oil Processing Industries of Pakistan.

Chang, Abdul Sattar / Sherazi, Syed Tufail Hussain / Kandhro, Aftab Ahmed / Mahesar, Sarfaraz Ahmed / Chang, Fouzia / Shah, Syed Nasrullah / Laghari, Zahid Hussain / Panhwar, Tarique

Journal of oleo science

2016 Volume 65, Issue 11, Page(s) 897–901

Abstract: Palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) is cheap and valuable byproduct of edible oil processing industries. This study was designed to characterize PFAD collected from different local oil industries. AOCS methods were used for the determination of ... ...

Abstract	Palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) is cheap and valuable byproduct of edible oil processing industries. This study was designed to characterize PFAD collected from different local oil industries. AOCS methods were used for the determination of physicochemical parameters such as free fatty acid (FFA), saponification value (SV), iodine value (IV), peroxide value (PV) and moisture content. Fatty acid composition was analyzed using GC-MS. Moisture content of samples was found to be in the range between 0.06-7.50%, while FFA, SV, IV and PV were found to be 65.70-94.68%, 195.23-219.64 mg KOH/g, 38.49- 63.10 g I
MeSH term(s)	Arecaceae ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/analysis ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/chemistry ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/isolation & purification ; Food-Processing Industry ; Hydrolysis ; Pakistan ; Palm Oil ; Plant Oils/analysis ; Plant Oils/chemistry ; Plant Oils/isolation & purification
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; Plant Oils ; Palm Oil (5QUO05548Z)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11-01
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1347-3352
ISSN (online)	1347-3352
DOI	10.5650/jos.ess16073
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Analytical approaches for the assessment of free fatty acids in oils and fats

Mahesar, S. A / Sherazi, S. T. H / Khaskheli, Abdul Rauf / Kandhro, Aftab A / uddin, Siraj

Analytical methods. 2014 June 26, v. 6, no. 14

2014

Abstract: Free fatty acids (FFA) are produced by the hydrolysis of oils and fats. The level of FFA depends on time, temperature and moisture content because the oils and fats are exposed to various environments such as storage, processing, heating or frying. Since ...

Abstract	Free fatty acids (FFA) are produced by the hydrolysis of oils and fats. The level of FFA depends on time, temperature and moisture content because the oils and fats are exposed to various environments such as storage, processing, heating or frying. Since FFA are less stable than neutral oil, they are more prone to oxidation and to turning rancid. Thus, FFA is a key feature linked with the quality and commercial value of oils and fats. The American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) and the European Commission (EC) Regulations have established almost identical standard methods for the assessment of FFA. These methods are based on titration, where oils or fats need to be dissolved in hot neutralized ethanol or ethanol/diethyl ether using phenolphthalein as an end point indicator. Titrimetric procedures are, however, laborious and need large amounts of chemicals and solvents. The cost of chemicals and environmental issues further limit these procedures. In addition, accurate detection of end points, especially for highly colored crude oil using a colorimetric indicator, is a difficult task. Despite these disadvantages, the titration method is unfortunately still being used in most of the edible-oil industries for the determination of FFA. Because of a lack of any comprehensive review on this very important topic, we have made an attempt to present a review in order to discuss the various methods available with special emphasis on the instrumental methods because of their high sensitivity, accuracy and rapidity.
Keywords	color ; colorimetry ; ethanol ; ethyl ether ; fats and oils industry ; free fatty acids ; frying ; heat ; hydrolysis ; lipids ; neutral oil ; neutralization ; oxidation ; phenolphthaleins ; solvents ; temperature ; titration ; water content
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-0626
Size	p. 4956-4963.
Publishing place	The Royal Society of Chemistry
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2515210-5
ISSN	1759-9679 ; 1759-9660
ISSN (online)	1759-9679
ISSN	1759-9660
DOI	10.1039/c4ay00344f
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: A simplified FTIR chemometric method for simultaneous determination of four oxidation parameters of frying canola oil.

Talpur, M Younis / Hassan, S Sara / Sherazi, S T H / Mahesar, S A / Kara, Huseyin / Kandhro, Aftab A / Sirajuddin

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy

2015 Volume 149, Page(s) 656–661

Abstract: Transmission Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic method using 100 μm KCl cell was applied for the determination of total polar compounds (TPC), carbonyl value (CV), conjugated diene (CD) and conjugated triene (CT) in canola oil (CLO) during ... ...

Abstract	Transmission Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic method using 100 μm KCl cell was applied for the determination of total polar compounds (TPC), carbonyl value (CV), conjugated diene (CD) and conjugated triene (CT) in canola oil (CLO) during potato chips frying at 180 °C. The calibration models were developed for TPC, CV, CD and CT using partial least square (PLS) chemometric technique. Excellent regression coefficients (R(2)) and root mean square error of prediction values for TPC, CV, CD and CT were found to be 0.999, 0.992, 0.998 and 0.999 and 0.809, 0.690, 1.26 and 0.735, respectively. The developed calibration models were applied on samples of canola oil drawn during potato chips frying process. A linear relationship was obtained between CD and TPC with a good correlation of coefficient (R(2)=0.9816). Results of the study clearly indicated that transmission FTIR-PLS method could be used for quick and precise evaluation of oxidative changes during the frying process without using any organic solvent.
MeSH term(s)	Calibration ; Canola Oil ; Cooking ; Databases, Chemical ; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/chemistry ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Chemical Substances	Canola Oil ; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated
Language	English
Publishing date	2015
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	210413-1
ISSN	1873-3557 ; 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
ISSN (online)	1873-3557
ISSN	0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
DOI	10.1016/j.saa.2015.04.098
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Article: A chemometric approach for the quantification of free fatty acids in cottonseed oil by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Mahesar, Sarfaraz Ahmed / Shah, Syed Nasrullah / Mahesar, Abdul Waheed / Kandhro, Aftab Ahmed / Khaskheli, Abdul Rauf / Menghwar, Pertab / Sherazi, Syed Tufail Hussain

International journal of food properties

2017 Volume 20, Issue 5/8, Page(s) 1913

Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1402715-x
ISSN	1094-2912
Database	Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article: Consequence of Commercial Fish Frying on Some Quality Parameters of Oil with Special Reference to Trans Fat

Talpur, M. Younis / Sherazi, S.T.H / Mahesar, S.A / Bhanger, M.I / Kandhro, Aftab

International journal of food properties. 2011 Sept. 1, v. 14, no. 5

2011

Abstract: In the present study, the quality of frying oil, as affected by commercial pan fish frying, was investigated. The quality of fresh frying oil, null replenishment (NR) oil, and discarded frying oil were evaluated by drawing out the oil samples from the ... ...

Abstract	In the present study, the quality of frying oil, as affected by commercial pan fish frying, was investigated. The quality of fresh frying oil, null replenishment (NR) oil, and discarded frying oil were evaluated by drawing out the oil samples from the fryer at the initial stage, just before the addition of new frying oil for level make-up and used oil of the last frying cycle, respectively. The parameters used to assess the quality were the fatty acid composition including trans fatty acid (TFA), free fatty acid, and peroxide values of frying oil. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) was used to examine fatty acids profiles of the frying oils. Trans fatty acid in fresh oils varied from 2.5%–3.8% (except oil-6, which contained 13%), whereas NR oils and discarded oils contained 5.6%–14.8% and 7.3%–20.8% trans fatty acids, correspondingly. Free fatty acid in fresh, NR, and discarded oils were 0.12%–0.24%, 0.22%–1.74%, and 0.80%–3.39%, respectively. Peroxide value in fresh, NR, and discarded oils were determined to be 1.15–3.93, 2.71–7.51, and 2.84–14.68 meq of O₂ /kg oil. It was observed that commercial fryers were not using the proper oil for frying. Furthermore, the last frying cycle just before discarding the oil may be dangerous for the health of consumers due to their significant level of TFA, free fatty acid, and peroxide values.
Keywords	fatty acid composition ; fish ; free fatty acids ; frying ; frying oil ; gas chromatography ; oxygen ; peroxide value ; spectroscopy ; trans fatty acids
Language	English
Dates of publication	2011-0901
Size	p. 1124-1135.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis Group
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1402715-x
ISSN	1532-2386 ; 1094-2912
ISSN (online)	1532-2386
ISSN	1094-2912
DOI	10.1080/10942911003587589
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Determination of essential elements (Cu, Fe and Zn) in juices of commercially available in Pakistan.

Jalbani, Nusrat / Ahmed, Farooq / Kazi, Tasneem Gul / Rashid, Uzma / Munshi, Alia Bano / Kandhro, Aftab

Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association

2010 Volume 48, Issue 10, Page(s) 2737–2740

Abstract: In present work, the concentration of essential elements, copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) were measured in ten different juices, to evaluate whether the intakes of under study nutrients accomplished within recommended permissible levels. Flame ... ...

Abstract	In present work, the concentration of essential elements, copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) were measured in ten different juices, to evaluate whether the intakes of under study nutrients accomplished within recommended permissible levels. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was used to estimate and evaluate the levels of essential elements such as Cu, Fe and Zn in ten juice samples. The elements were analyzed prior to microwave assisted acid digestion (MAD). For comparison purpose, wet acid digestion (CAD) method was used for determination of essential elements. The accuracy of proposed method was evaluated by performing addition-recovery experiments to prove the reliability of the method. All obtained analytical results by MAD and CAD showed a good agreement at a 95% confidence level. The detection limits of Cu, Fe and Zn were 22.7 microg/L, 3.85 microg/L and 3.05 microg/L. The dietary intakes of all three studied elements have also been estimated.
MeSH term(s)	Acids ; Beverages/analysis ; Calibration ; Copper/analysis ; Diet ; Fruit/chemistry ; Indicators and Reagents ; Iron/analysis ; Microwaves ; Pakistan ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; Zinc/analysis
Chemical Substances	Acids ; Indicators and Reagents ; Copper (789U1901C5) ; Iron (E1UOL152H7) ; Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	782617-5
ISSN	1873-6351 ; 0278-6915
ISSN (online)	1873-6351
ISSN	0278-6915
DOI	10.1016/j.fct.2010.06.048
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