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  1. Article ; Online: Regulation of Tim-3 function by binding to phosphatidylserine.

    Kane, Lawrence P

    The Biochemical journal

    2021  Volume 478, Issue 22, Page(s) 3999–4004

    Abstract: Tim-3 is a transmembrane protein that is highly expressed on subsets of chronically stimulated CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, with more transient expression during acute activation and infection. Tim-3 is also constitutively expressed by ... ...

    Abstract Tim-3 is a transmembrane protein that is highly expressed on subsets of chronically stimulated CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, with more transient expression during acute activation and infection. Tim-3 is also constitutively expressed by multiple types of myeloid cells. Like other TIM family members, Tim-3 can bind to phosphatidylserine displayed by apoptotic cells, and this interaction has been shown to mediate uptake of such cells by dendritic cells and cross-presentation of antigens to CD8+ T cells. In contrast, how the recognition of PS by Tim-3 might regulate the function of Tim-3+ T cells is not known. In their recent paper, Lemmon and colleagues demonstrate for the first time that recognition of PS by Tim-3 leads to enhanced T cell activation.
    MeSH term(s) Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2/genetics ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Phagocytosis ; Phosphatidylserines
    Chemical Substances Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2 ; Membrane Proteins ; Phosphatidylserines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2969-5
    ISSN 1470-8728 ; 0006-2936 ; 0306-3275 ; 0264-6021
    ISSN (online) 1470-8728
    ISSN 0006-2936 ; 0306-3275 ; 0264-6021
    DOI 10.1042/BCJ20210652
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Tim-3 Is Not Required for Establishment of CD8+ T Cell Memory to Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus.

    Manandhar, Priyanka / Szymczak-Workman, Andrea L / Kane, Lawrence P

    Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

    2023  Volume 212, Issue 3, Page(s) 466–474

    Abstract: Tim-3 is a transmembrane protein that is best known for being highly expressed on terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells associated with chronic infection and tumors, although its expression is not limited to those settings. Tim-3 is also expressed by CD8+ T ... ...

    Abstract Tim-3 is a transmembrane protein that is best known for being highly expressed on terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells associated with chronic infection and tumors, although its expression is not limited to those settings. Tim-3 is also expressed by CD8+ T cells during acute infection and by multiple other immune cell types, including CD4+ Th1 and regulatory T cells, dendritic cells, and mast cells. In this study, we investigated the role of Tim-3 signaling on CD8+ T cell memory using a Tim-3 conditional knockout mouse model and mice lacking the signaling portion of the Tim-3 cytoplasmic domain. Together, our results indicate that Tim-3 has at most a modest effect on the formation and function of CD8+ memory T cells.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2/genetics ; Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2/metabolism ; Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus ; Memory T Cells ; Signal Transduction
    Chemical Substances Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2 ; Havcr2 protein, mouse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3056-9
    ISSN 1550-6606 ; 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    ISSN (online) 1550-6606
    ISSN 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.2300401
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Control of T lymphocyte fate decisions by PI3K signaling.

    Murter, Benjamin / Kane, Lawrence P

    F1000Research

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: Virtually all aspects of T and B lymphocyte development, homeostasis, activation, and effector function are impacted by the interaction of their clonally distributed antigen receptors with antigens encountered in their respective environments. Antigen ... ...

    Abstract Virtually all aspects of T and B lymphocyte development, homeostasis, activation, and effector function are impacted by the interaction of their clonally distributed antigen receptors with antigens encountered in their respective environments. Antigen receptors mediate their effects by modulating intracellular signaling pathways that ultimately impinge on the cytoskeleton, bioenergetic pathways, transcription, and translation. Although these signaling pathways are rather well described at this point, especially those steps that are most receptor-proximal, how such pathways contribute to more quantitative aspects of lymphocyte function is still being elucidated. One of the signaling pathways that appears to be involved in this "tuning" process is controlled by the lipid kinase PI3K. Here we review recent key findings regarding both the triggering/enhancement of PI3K signals (via BCAP and ICOS) as well as their regulation (via PIK3IP1 and PHLPP) and how these signals integrate and determine cellular processes. Lymphocytes display tremendous functional plasticity, adjusting their metabolism and gene expression programs to specific conditions depending on their tissue of residence and the nature of the infectious threat to which they are responding. We give an overview of recent findings that have contributed to this model, with a focus on T cells, including what has been learned from patients with gain-of-function mutations in PI3K as well as lessons from cancer immunotherapy approaches.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology ; T-Lymphocytes/enzymology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2699932-8
    ISSN 2046-1402 ; 2046-1402
    ISSN (online) 2046-1402
    ISSN 2046-1402
    DOI 10.12688/f1000research.26928.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Complementary HLH susceptibility factors converge on CD8 T-cell hyperactivation.

    Landy, Emily / Varghese, Jemy / Dang, Vinh / Szymczak-Workman, Andrea / Kane, Lawrence P / Canna, Scott W

    Blood advances

    2023  Volume 7, Issue 22, Page(s) 6949–6963

    Abstract: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) are life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndromes. Familial HLH is caused by genetic impairment of granule-mediated cytotoxicity (eg, perforin deficiency). MAS is linked to ... ...

    Abstract Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) are life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndromes. Familial HLH is caused by genetic impairment of granule-mediated cytotoxicity (eg, perforin deficiency). MAS is linked to excess activity of the inflammasome-activated cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18). Though individually tolerated, mice with dual susceptibility (Prf1⁻/⁻Il18tg; DS) succumb to spontaneous, lethal hyperinflammation. We hypothesized that understanding how these susceptibility factors synergize would uncover key pathomechanisms in the activation, function, and persistence of hyperactivated CD8 T cells. In IL-18 transgenic (Il18tg) mice, IL-18 effects on CD8 T cells drove MAS after a viral (lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus), but not innate (toll like receptor 9), trigger. In vitro, CD8 T cells also required T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation to fully respond to IL-18. IL-18 induced but perforin deficiency impaired immunoregulatory restimulation-induced cell death (RICD). Paralleling hyperinflammation, DS mice displayed massive postthymic oligoclonal CD8 T-cell hyperactivation in their spleens, livers, and bone marrow as early as 3 weeks. These cells increased proliferation and interferon gamma production, which contrasted with increased expression of receptors and transcription factors associated with exhaustion. Broad-spectrum antibiotics and antiretrovirals failed to ameliorate the disease. Attempting to genetically "fix" TCR antigen-specificity instead demonstrated the persistence of spontaneous HLH and hyperactivation, chiefly on T cells that had evaded TCR fixation. Thus, drivers of HLH may preferentially act on CD8 T cells: IL-18 amplifies activation and demand for RICD, whereas perforin supplies critical immunoregulation. Together, these factors promote a terminal CD8 T-cell activation state, combining features of exhaustion and effector function. Therefore, susceptibility to hyperinflammation may converge on a unique, unrelenting, and antigen-dependent state of CD8 T-cell hyperactivation.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/etiology ; Perforin/genetics ; Perforin/metabolism ; Interleukin-18/metabolism ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Perforin (126465-35-8) ; Interleukin-18 ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2915908-8
    ISSN 2473-9537 ; 2473-9529
    ISSN (online) 2473-9537
    ISSN 2473-9529
    DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010502
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Antigen receptor kinase two-step.

    Kane, Lawrence P

    Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

    2014  Volume 193, Issue 9, Page(s) 4277–4278

    MeSH term(s) Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases (EC 2.7.10.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-11-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3056-9
    ISSN 1550-6606 ; 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    ISSN (online) 1550-6606
    ISSN 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.1402287
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Immune regulation by Tim-3.

    Banerjee, Hridesh / Kane, Lawrence P

    F1000Research

    2018  Volume 7, Page(s) 316

    Abstract: T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) is a transmembrane protein that in both mice and humans has been shown to possess various functions in a context-dependent manner. Thus, Tim-3 has been associated with both inhibitory and co-stimulatory ... ...

    Abstract T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) is a transmembrane protein that in both mice and humans has been shown to possess various functions in a context-dependent manner. Thus, Tim-3 has been associated with both inhibitory and co-stimulatory function, depending in part on the specific cell type and immune response course. Though originally described on T cells, Tim-3 is now known to be expressed by both lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells within the immune system and even by non-immune cells. In addition, though widely thought of as a negative regulator of immunity, Tim-3 has been shown in more recent studies to have a positive function on both myeloid and lymphoid cells, including T cells. Tim-3 is often expressed at a high level on exhausted T cells in tumors and chronic infection and may engage in crosstalk with other so-called "checkpoint" molecules such as PD-1. Thus, Tim-3 has emerged as a possible therapeutic target, which is being actively explored both pre-clinically and clinically. However, recent research suggests a more complex
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2699932-8
    ISSN 2046-1402
    ISSN 2046-1402
    DOI 10.12688/f1000research.13446.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: TIM-3 signaling contributes to the suppressive capacity of Tregs from people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy.

    Nieves-Rosado, Hector M / Jacobs, Jana L / Naqvi, Asma / Mellors, John W / Macatangay, Bernard J C / Kane, Lawrence P

    Journal of leukocyte biology

    2023  Volume 114, Issue 4, Page(s) 368–372

    Abstract: TIM-3 expression is increased on peripheral regulatory T cells (Tregs) of virally suppressed persons with HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy (PWH-ART). However, the relevance of TIM-3 expression in this setting is unclear. We used flow cytometry to evaluate ...

    Abstract TIM-3 expression is increased on peripheral regulatory T cells (Tregs) of virally suppressed persons with HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy (PWH-ART). However, the relevance of TIM-3 expression in this setting is unclear. We used flow cytometry to evaluate the suppressive phenotype and signaling pathways in peripheral TIM-3- vs TIM-3+ Tregs in PWH-ART. TIM-3+ Tregs showed increased expression of IL-10 compared with persons without HIV-1. In addition, TIM-3+ Tregs displayed elevated signaling and activation, relative to TIM-3- Tregs from the same PWH-ART. Dramatically, TIM-3 blockade restrained the in vitro suppressive capacity of peripheral Tregs. Therefore, our data demonstrate not only that TIM-3 expression by Tregs is associated with an immunosuppressive response among PWH-ART, but also that TIM-3 contributes directly to the enhanced suppressive activity of Tregs in this setting.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605722-6
    ISSN 1938-3673 ; 0741-5400
    ISSN (online) 1938-3673
    ISSN 0741-5400
    DOI 10.1093/jleuko/qiad068
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: PIK3IP1 Promotes Extrafollicular Class Switching in T-Dependent Immune Responses.

    Ottens, Kristina / Schneider, Jalyn / Kane, Lawrence P / Satterthwaite, Anne B

    Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

    2020  Volume 205, Issue 8, Page(s) 2100–2108

    Abstract: PI3K plays multiple roles throughout the life of a B cell. As such, its signaling is tightly regulated. The importance of this is illustrated by the fact that both loss- and gain-of-function mutations in PI3K can cause immunodeficiency in humans. PIK3IP1, ...

    Abstract PI3K plays multiple roles throughout the life of a B cell. As such, its signaling is tightly regulated. The importance of this is illustrated by the fact that both loss- and gain-of-function mutations in PI3K can cause immunodeficiency in humans. PIK3IP1, also known as TrIP, is a transmembrane protein that has been shown to inhibit PI3K in T cells. Results from the ImmGen Consortium indicate that PIK3IP1 expression fluctuates throughout B cell development in a manner inversely correlated with PI3K activity; however, its role in B cells is poorly understood. In this study, we define the consequences of B cell-specific deletion of PIK3IP1. B cell development, basal Ig levels, and T-independent responses were unaffected by loss of PIK3IP1. However, there was a significant delay in the production of IgG during T-dependent responses, and secondary responses were impaired. This is likely due to a role for PIK3IP1 in the extrafollicular response because germinal center formation and affinity maturation were normal, and PIK3IP1 is not appreciably expressed in germinal center B cells. Consistent with a role early in the response, PIK3IP1 was downregulated at late time points after B cell activation, in a manner dependent on PI3K. Increased activation of the PI3K pathway was observed in PIK3IP1-deficient B cells in response to engagement of both the BCR and CD40 or strong cross-linking of CD40 alone. Taken together, these observations suggest that PIK3IP1 promotes extrafollicular responses by limiting PI3K signaling during initial interactions between B and T cells.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/cytology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CD40 Antigens/genetics ; CD40 Antigens/immunology ; Germinal Center/cytology ; Germinal Center/immunology ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunoglobulin Class Switching ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/immunology ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Membrane Proteins/immunology ; Mice ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Chemical Substances CD40 Antigens ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Membrane Proteins ; Pik3ip1 protein, mouse ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3056-9
    ISSN 1550-6606 ; 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    ISSN (online) 1550-6606
    ISSN 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.2000584
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Mast cell activation is enhanced by Tim1:Tim4 interaction but not by Tim-1 antibodies.

    Phong, Binh / Kane, Lawrence P

    F1000Research

    2016  Volume 5, Page(s) 251

    Abstract: Polymorphisms in ... ...

    Abstract Polymorphisms in the
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-03-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2699932-8
    ISSN 2046-1402
    ISSN 2046-1402
    DOI 10.12688/f1000research.8132.2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: T cell Ig and mucin domain proteins and immunity.

    Kane, Lawrence P

    Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

    2010  Volume 184, Issue 6, Page(s) 2743–2749

    Abstract: Proteins of the transmembrane (or T cell) Ig and mucin domain (TIM) family are expressed by multiple cell types within the immune systems of rodents and humans. Studies over the last several years have suggested that these proteins may be promising ... ...

    Abstract Proteins of the transmembrane (or T cell) Ig and mucin domain (TIM) family are expressed by multiple cell types within the immune systems of rodents and humans. Studies over the last several years have suggested that these proteins may be promising targets for therapeutic manipulation of immune responses. This review discusses the progress that has been made in understanding TIM protein function in the immune system, as well as some of the unresolved issues that remain on the road to eventually targeting TIM proteins for enhancing or inhibiting immunity.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/physiology ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunoglobulins/physiology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/physiology ; Membrane Proteins/classification ; Membrane Proteins/immunology ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Mucins/physiology ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Cell Cycle Proteins ; Immunoglobulins ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Membrane Proteins ; Mucins ; TIMELESS protein, human ; Timeless protein, mouse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 3056-9
    ISSN 1550-6606 ; 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    ISSN (online) 1550-6606
    ISSN 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.0902937
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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