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  1. Article: Influence analysis of energy policies on comprehensive performance of CCHP system in different buildings

    Kang, Ligai / Wu, Xiaojing / Yuan, Xiaoxue / Ma, Kunru / Wang, Yongzhen / Zhao, Jun / An, Qingsong

    Energy. 2021 Oct. 15, v. 233

    2021  

    Abstract: As an on-site energy supply system, combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system plays significant role. Thus, CCHP systems servicing four types of buildings were employed in this paper. Considering high initial investment and off-design operation, ... ...

    Abstract As an on-site energy supply system, combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system plays significant role. Thus, CCHP systems servicing four types of buildings were employed in this paper. Considering high initial investment and off-design operation, a multi-objective optimization model and a bi-level programming method integrated with operation and design were proposed. Nominal capacity configurations were optimized with no supportive policy. Then influence of capital subsidy and feed-in tariff policies to system comprehensive performance were illustrated. Results show that CCHP system servicing residential building could not achieve economic merits whatever energy policy was employed. CCHP system servicing hotel and hospital could realize better comprehensive performance than that of office. While the capacity of power generation unit was lower than 1.5 MW and capital subsidy was lower than 3000 ¥/kW, the capital subsidy policy had slight effect on system performance. For feed-in tariff policy, when feed-in tariff ratio (Eₛₐₗₑ/Egᵣᵢd) was quite low, nearly no change on system performance would be obtained. And when the feed-in tariff ratio was relatively high, the energy and environment performance would decrease significantly. If feed-in tariff ratio was in a reasonable price range, this policy would have a positive effect on CCHP system with different building types.
    Keywords capital ; cooling ; energy ; energy policy ; hospitality industry ; hospitals ; models ; power generation ; prices ; residential housing ; tariffs
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-1015
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2019804-8
    ISSN 0360-5442 ; 0360-5442
    ISSN (online) 0360-5442
    ISSN 0360-5442
    DOI 10.1016/j.energy.2021.121159
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Feed-forward active operation optimization for CCHP system considering thermal load forecasting

    Kang, Ligai / Yuan, Xiaoxue / Sun, Kangjie / Zhang, Xu / Zhao, Jun / Deng, Shuai / Liu, Wei / Wang, Yongzhen

    Energy. 2022 Sept. 01, v. 254

    2022  

    Abstract: Using simulated load obtained by energy consumption simulation software is a feasible way to optimize operation of combined cooling heating and power (CCHP) system. However, due to attenuation and delay of thermal energy on transmission, there may be a ... ...

    Abstract Using simulated load obtained by energy consumption simulation software is a feasible way to optimize operation of combined cooling heating and power (CCHP) system. However, due to attenuation and delay of thermal energy on transmission, there may be a mismatch between real demand and supplied energy. To obtain more accurate assessment of supplied energy, this paper analyzes characteristics of thermal load through correlation analysis and principal component analysis. Then, the model of thermal load forecasting considering attenuation and delay on transmission is constructed and a case study with actual monitored data in an energy system is employed. Finally, a method of feed-forward active operation optimization for CCHP system is put forward. Based on forecasted thermal load on weekday and weekend in heating, transition and cooling season, dynamic matching optimization and evaluation were carried out. Results show that mean absolute percentage error are 5.43% for heating load forecasting and 6.84% for cooling load forecasting, respectively. The performances of CCHP system are better than that of separate system based on the forecasted thermal load and the maximum integrated performance index is 68.81%, obtained at weekend in cooling season.
    Keywords case studies ; computer simulation ; heat ; models ; principal component analysis ; thermal energy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0901
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2019804-8
    ISSN 0360-5442 ; 0360-5442
    ISSN (online) 0360-5442
    ISSN 0360-5442
    DOI 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124234
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Effects of load following operational strategy on CCHP system with an auxiliary ground source heat pump considering carbon tax and electricity feed in tariff

    Kang, Ligai / Hui Wang / Jun Zhao / Junhong Yang / Qingsong An / Shuai Deng / Zelin Li

    Applied energy. 2017 May 15, v. 194

    2017  

    Abstract: Combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system plays a significant role in efficient usage of energy in field of small scale power system for application ranging from residence to utilities. In the paper, a new CCHP system is proposed which consists ... ...

    Abstract Combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system plays a significant role in efficient usage of energy in field of small scale power system for application ranging from residence to utilities. In the paper, a new CCHP system is proposed which consists of a power generation unit (PGU), an absorption chiller, a storage tank and a ground source heat pump (GSHP) to substitute conventional electric chiller and auxiliary boiler to supply the deficient cooling or heating load. In the study, three basic load following strategies: following electric load (FEL), following thermal load (FTL) and following hybrid load (FHL) are employed to analyze the annual total cost (ATC), operational cost (COST), carbon dioxide emissions (CDE) and primary energy consumption (PEC) based on a case study of a regional energy system in Sino-Singapore eco-city. For the evaluated case, carbon tax and electricity feed in tariff are both considered to compare with the performances of following maximum electric efficiency of the PGU (Max-eff) strategy. The results show that the proposed system performed well on COST, CDE and PEC reduction and the ATC are all increased except that of Max-eff strategy with carbon tax and electricity feed in tariff. When carbon tax and electricity feed in tariff are considered, performances of the Max-eff strategy is the best. Otherwise, the application of FEL is better. Finally, for the Max-eff and FEL strategy, sensitivity analysis is performed and results are presented with varying of electricity and gas price.
    Keywords absorption ; carbon dioxide ; carbon markets ; case studies ; cooling ; electricity ; emissions ; heat pumps ; power generation ; prices ; primary energy ; tariffs
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-0515
    Size p. 454-466.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2000772-3
    ISSN 0306-2619
    ISSN 0306-2619
    DOI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.07.017
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Complementary Configuration and Performance Comparison of CCHP-ORC System with a Ground Source Heat Pump under Three Energy Management Modes

    Kang, Ligai / Jun Zhao / Junhong Yang / Qingsong An / Shuai Deng / Yongzhen Wang / Zelin Li

    Energy conversion and management. 2016,

    2016  

    Abstract: The variation of the end-user load and the constant output of power generation units (PGUs) results in a mismatch between energy supply and demand. To reduce the difference and to avoid an excess output of electricity or heat, a complementary combined ... ...

    Abstract The variation of the end-user load and the constant output of power generation units (PGUs) results in a mismatch between energy supply and demand. To reduce the difference and to avoid an excess output of electricity or heat, a complementary combined cooling, heating and power- organic Rankine cycle system (CCHP-ORC) system with a ground source heat pump is configured. In this study, the CCHP-ORC system, which is operated in thermal demand management (TDM) or electricity demand management mode, is employed to analyze the operational cost (OC), annual total cost (ATC), carbon dioxide emission (CDE), primary energy consumption (PEC) and system efficiency based on a case study of a regional energy system in Sino-Singapore eco-city. Meanwhile, the performance analysis of an improved operational mode is also conducted in this study. Following this mode, the waste heat and electricity imported from grid can be minimized by controlling the operation condition of PGU and ORC with a thermal management controller (TMC-ORC mode). Monthly and annual results in the case study show that the proposed system performed well on OC, CDE and PEC reductions and the ATC are both increased except for the ATC of TMC-ORC mode. However, the total efficiency of TDM is the highest among the three operational modes. Finally, for TMC-ORC mode, sensitivity analysis is performed and results are presented with varying electricity and gas price.
    Keywords carbon dioxide ; case studies ; cooling ; electricity ; heat ; heat pumps ; power generation ; prices ; primary energy ; supply balance
    Language English
    Size p. .
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 2000891-0
    ISSN 0196-8904
    ISSN 0196-8904
    DOI 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.12.055
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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