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  1. Article ; Online: Kinetochore-independent mechanisms of sister chromosome separation.

    Vicars, Hannah / Karg, Travis / Warecki, Brandt / Bast, Ian / Sullivan, William

    PLoS genetics

    2021  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) e1009304

    Abstract: Although kinetochores normally play a key role in sister chromatid separation and segregation, chromosome fragments lacking kinetochores (acentrics) can in some cases separate and segregate successfully. In Drosophila neuroblasts, acentric chromosomes ... ...

    Abstract Although kinetochores normally play a key role in sister chromatid separation and segregation, chromosome fragments lacking kinetochores (acentrics) can in some cases separate and segregate successfully. In Drosophila neuroblasts, acentric chromosomes undergo delayed, but otherwise normal sister separation, revealing the existence of kinetochore- independent mechanisms driving sister chromosome separation. Bulk cohesin removal from the acentric is not delayed, suggesting factors other than cohesin are responsible for the delay in acentric sister separation. In contrast to intact kinetochore-bearing chromosomes, we discovered that acentrics align parallel as well as perpendicular to the mitotic spindle. In addition, sister acentrics undergo unconventional patterns of separation. For example, rather than the simultaneous separation of sisters, acentrics oriented parallel to the spindle often slide past one another toward opposing poles. To identify the mechanisms driving acentric separation, we screened 117 RNAi gene knockdowns for synthetic lethality with acentric chromosome fragments. In addition to well-established DNA repair and checkpoint mutants, this candidate screen identified synthetic lethality with X-chromosome-derived acentric fragments in knockdowns of Greatwall (cell cycle kinase), EB1 (microtubule plus-end tracking protein), and Map205 (microtubule-stabilizing protein). Additional image-based screening revealed that reductions in Topoisomerase II levels disrupted sister acentric separation. Intriguingly, live imaging revealed that knockdowns of EB1, Map205, and Greatwall preferentially disrupted the sliding mode of sister acentric separation. Based on our analysis of EB1 localization and knockdown phenotypes, we propose that in the absence of a kinetochore, microtubule plus-end dynamics provide the force to resolve DNA catenations required for sister separation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics ; Chromatids/genetics ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics ; Chromosome Segregation/genetics ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Kinetochores ; Larva/genetics ; Metaphase/genetics ; Microtubules/genetics ; Mitosis/genetics ; Spindle Apparatus/genetics ; Cohesins
    Chemical Substances Cell Cycle Proteins ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II (EC 5.99.1.3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2186725-2
    ISSN 1553-7404 ; 1553-7390
    ISSN (online) 1553-7404
    ISSN 1553-7390
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009304
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: RAS-challenge as a first-look test for detection of primary aldosteronism in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension.

    Beger, Christian / Karg, Theresa / Hinrichs, Jan B / Ringe, Bastian / Haller, Hermann / Meyer, Bernhard C / Limbourg, Florian P

    Blood pressure

    2023  Volume 32, Issue 1, Page(s) 2179340

    Abstract: Purpose: Primary aldosteronism (PA), characterised by low-renin hypertension, confers a high cardiovascular risk and is the most common cause of secondary hypertension, with an increased prevalence in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension. ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Primary aldosteronism (PA), characterised by low-renin hypertension, confers a high cardiovascular risk and is the most common cause of secondary hypertension, with an increased prevalence in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension. However, it is estimated that only a small percentage of affected patients are identified in routine clinical practice. Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system cause an increase in renin levels in patients with intact aldosterone regulation, and inadequate low renin with concurrent RAS inhibition (RASi) may therefore indicate PA, which could serve as a first look screening test for selection for formal work-up.
    Methods: We analysed patients between 2016-2018 with treatment-resistant hypertension who had inadequate low renin in the presence of RASi (i. e. at risk for PA) and who were offered systematic work-up with adrenal vein sampling (AVS).
    Results: A total of 26 pts were included in the study (age 54.8 ± 11, male 65%). Mean office blood pressure (BP) was 154/95 mmHg on 4.5 antihypertensive drug classes. AVS had a high technical success rate (96%) and demonstrated unilateral disease in the majority of patients (57%), most of which (77%) were undetected by cross-sectional imaging.
    Conclusion: In patients with resistant hypertension, low renin in the presence of RASi is a strong indicator for autonomous aldosterone secretion. It may serve as an on-medication screening test for PA to select for formal PA work up.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aldosterone ; Hyperaldosteronism/complications ; Hyperaldosteronism/diagnosis ; Hyperaldosteronism/drug therapy ; Hypertension/complications ; Hypertension/diagnosis ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Renin ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; Female
    Chemical Substances Aldosterone (4964P6T9RB) ; Renin (EC 3.4.23.15)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1170048-8
    ISSN 1651-1999 ; 1651-2480 ; 0803-7051 ; 0803-8023
    ISSN (online) 1651-1999 ; 1651-2480
    ISSN 0803-7051 ; 0803-8023
    DOI 10.1080/08037051.2023.2179340
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3843: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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  3. Article ; Online: Current practice of blood pressure measurement in Germany: a nationwide questionnaire-based survey in medical practices.

    Beger, Christian / Mayerböck, Astrid / Klein, Konrad / Karg, Theresa / Schmidt-Ott, Kai M / Randerath, Olaf / Limbourg, Florian P

    Blood pressure

    2023  Volume 32, Issue 1, Page(s) 2165901

    Abstract: Purpose: Discrepancies exist between guideline recommendations and real-world practice of blood pressure (BP) measurements. The aim of this study was to assess, with a nationwide, questionnaire-based survey, the current practice of BP measurement and ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Discrepancies exist between guideline recommendations and real-world practice of blood pressure (BP) measurements. The aim of this study was to assess, with a nationwide, questionnaire-based survey, the current practice of BP measurement and associated BP values in German medical practices.
    Material and methods: A nationwide survey in German medical practices was performed in the period from 10 May 2021 to 15 August 2021. The questionnaire was divided into five sections. The current office BP (OBP) values as well as the current drug therapy were recorded. In addition, the implementation of office BP (OBP) and home BP monitoring (HBPM) was queried. For analysis, questionnaires were scanned and automatically digitised.
    Results: A total of 7049 questionnaires were analysed, the majority of which came from general practitioners (66%) and internal medicine practices (34%). The average OBP (SD) was 140.0 (18)/82.7 (11) mmHg. 40.8% of treated patients had OBP in the controlled range, with monotherapy (34.7%) or dual combination therapy (38.2%) prescribed in most cases. OBP was taken from a single measurement in 66.3% of cases, and in 21.8% from 23 measurements. OBP was mostly measured after a rest period (87.1%) and in a separate room (80.4%). HBPM was performed in 62.3% of patients; however, in 24.9% of the participants HBP measurements were recorded once a week or less.
    Conclusion: In this nationwide survey in German medical practices, BP control remains at below 50%, while monotherapy is prescribed in around one third of patients. Moreover, office measurements and HBPM are often not performed according to current guideline recommendations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hypertension/diagnosis ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Determination ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Germany ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1170048-8
    ISSN 1651-1999 ; 1651-2480 ; 0803-7051 ; 0803-8023
    ISSN (online) 1651-1999 ; 1651-2480
    ISSN 0803-7051 ; 0803-8023
    DOI 10.1080/08037051.2023.2165901
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3843: Show issues Location:
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  4. Book ; Thesis: Kontrollierte Hypotension mit Natriumnitroprussid in Kombination mit dem kardioselektiven Beta-Rezeptorenblocker Metoprolol

    Karg, Thomas

    1983  

    Size 89 S. : graph. Darst.
    Document type Book ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis Gießen, Univ., Diss., 1985
    HBZ-ID HT003188008
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    87 D 3716 order for loan Magazin

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  5. Article ; Online: Homolog-Dependent Repair Following Dicentric Chromosome Breakage in

    Bhandari, Jayaram / Karg, Travis / Golic, Kent G

    Genetics

    2019  Volume 212, Issue 3, Page(s) 615–630

    Abstract: Double-strand DNA breaks are repaired by one of several mechanisms that rejoin two broken ends. However, cells are challenged when asked to repair a single broken end and respond by: (1) inducing programmed cell death; (2) healing the broken end by ... ...

    Abstract Double-strand DNA breaks are repaired by one of several mechanisms that rejoin two broken ends. However, cells are challenged when asked to repair a single broken end and respond by: (1) inducing programmed cell death; (2) healing the broken end by constructing a new telomere; (3) adapting to the broken end and resuming the mitotic cycle without repair; and (4) using information from the sister chromatid or homologous chromosome to restore a normal chromosome terminus. During one form of homolog-dependent repair in yeast, termed break-induced replication (BIR), a template chromosome can be copied for hundreds of kilobases. BIR efficiency depends on Pif1 helicase and Pol32, a nonessential subunit of DNA polymerase δ. To date, there is little evidence that BIR can be used for extensive chromosome repair in higher eukaryotes. We report that a dicentric chromosome broken in mitosis in the male germline of
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chromosome Breakage ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; DNA Helicases/genetics ; DNA Replication ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/genetics ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Male ; Mutation ; Recombinational DNA Repair ; Spermatogonia/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Drosophila Proteins ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7) ; DNA Helicases (EC 3.6.4.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2167-2
    ISSN 1943-2631 ; 0016-6731
    ISSN (online) 1943-2631
    ISSN 0016-6731
    DOI 10.1534/genetics.119.302247
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    Zs.B 767: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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  6. Article: 30 Grad im Schatten? Senioren sind schon ab 28 Grad gefährdet!

    Karg, T.

    MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin

    2005  Volume 147, Issue 26, Page(s) 30

    Language German
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1478211-x
    ISSN 1438-3276
    Database Current Contents Medicine

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  7. Book ; Online: Acoustic Neutrino Detection in Ice

    Karg, Timo

    Past, Present, and Future

    2012  

    Abstract: Acoustic neutrino detection is a promising technique to instrument the large volumes required to measure the small expected flux of ultra-high energy cosmogenic neutrinos. Using ice as detection medium allows for coincident detection of neutrino ... ...

    Abstract Acoustic neutrino detection is a promising technique to instrument the large volumes required to measure the small expected flux of ultra-high energy cosmogenic neutrinos. Using ice as detection medium allows for coincident detection of neutrino interactions with acoustic sensors, radio antennas and optical light sensors with the benefit of cross calibration possibilities or independent measurements of the the same event. We review the past development of the field and discuss its current status and challenges. Results from site exploration studies, mainly by the South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS) which has been codeployed with the IceCube neutrino telescope at South Pole, and current physics results are presented. Current ideas for the design, calibration, and deployment of acoustic sensors for new projects are shown. The possible role of the acoustic technique in future in-ice neutrino detectors is discussed.

    Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, presented at the 5th International workshop on Acoustic and Radio EeV Neutrino detection Activities - ARENA 2012
    Keywords Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
    Subject code 551
    Publishing date 2012-10-30
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Photoconversion of DAPI and Hoechst dyes to green and red-emitting forms after exposure to UV excitation

    Karg, TravisJ / Golic, KentG

    Chromosoma. 2018 June, v. 127, no. 2

    2018  

    Abstract: The fluorescent dye 4′-6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) is frequently used in fluorescence microscopy as a chromosome and nuclear stain because of its high specificity for DNA. Normally, DAPI bound to DNA is maximally excited by ultraviolet (UV) light ... ...

    Abstract The fluorescent dye 4′-6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) is frequently used in fluorescence microscopy as a chromosome and nuclear stain because of its high specificity for DNA. Normally, DAPI bound to DNA is maximally excited by ultraviolet (UV) light at 358 nm, and emits maximally in the blue range, at 461 nm. Hoechst dyes 33258 and 33342 have similar excitation and emission spectra and are also used to stain nuclei and chromosomes. It has been reported that exposure to UV can convert DAPI and Hoechst dyes to forms that are excited by blue light and emit green fluorescence, potentially confusing the interpretation of experiments that use more than one fluorochrome. The work reported here shows that these dyes can also be converted to forms that are excited by green light and emit red fluorescence. This was observed both in whole tissues and in mitotic chromosome spreads, and could be seen with less than 10-s exposure to UV. In most cases, the red form of fluorescence was more intense than the green form. Therefore, appropriate care should be exercised when examining tissues, capturing images, or interpreting images in experiments that use these dyes in combination with other fluorochromes.
    Keywords 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole ; DNA ; blue light ; chromosomes ; fluorescence ; fluorescence microscopy ; green light ; mitosis
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-06
    Size p. 235-245.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 203083-4
    ISSN 1432-0886 ; 0009-5915
    ISSN (online) 1432-0886
    ISSN 0009-5915
    DOI 10.1007/s00412-017-0654-5
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 46/355: Show issues

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  9. Book ; Online: Status and recent results of the South Pole Acoustic Test Setup

    Karg, Timo

    2010  

    Abstract: The South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS) has been deployed to study the feasibility of acoustic neutrino detection in Antarctic ice around the South Pole. An array of four strings equipped with acoustic receivers and transmitters, permanently installed ...

    Abstract The South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS) has been deployed to study the feasibility of acoustic neutrino detection in Antarctic ice around the South Pole. An array of four strings equipped with acoustic receivers and transmitters, permanently installed in the upper 500 m of boreholes drilled for the IceCube neutrino observatory, and a retrievable transmitter that can be used in the water filled holes before the installation of the IceCube optical strings are used to measure the ice acoustic properties. These include the sound speed and its depth dependence, the attenuation length, the noise level, and the rate and nature of transient background sources in the relevant frequency range from 10 kHz to 100 kHz. SPATS is operating successfully since January 2007 and has been able to either measure or constrain all parameters. We present the latest results of SPATS and discuss their implications for future acoustic neutrino detection activities in Antarctica.

    Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, presented at the 4th International workshop on Acoustic and Radio EeV Neutrino detection Activities - ARENA 2010
    Keywords Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
    Subject code 551
    Publishing date 2010-10-11
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article: Diagnostik, Risiken und Therapie der Hypertonie

    Karg, T.

    Hospitalis

    2000  Volume 70, Issue 4, Page(s) 143

    Language German
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 604468-2
    ISSN 0018-5930
    Database Current Contents Medicine

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    Zs.B 1155: Show issues Location:
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