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  1. Article: Understanding community benefit payments from renewable energy development

    Kerr, Sandy / Kate Johnson / Stephanie Weir

    Energy Policy. 2017 June, v. 105

    2017  

    Abstract: It is increasingly common for renewable energy projects to make financial, or in kind, payments to local communities. These arrangements are variously described as ‘benefits payments’ or ‘compensation schemes’. Similar approaches are now being ... ...

    Abstract It is increasingly common for renewable energy projects to make financial, or in kind, payments to local communities. These arrangements are variously described as ‘benefits payments’ or ‘compensation schemes’. Similar approaches are now being recommended for other forms of development with potential to engender opposition from local communities (e.g. nuclear power and fracking). While such payments are common, the level of payment, the institutional frameworks involved, and the nature of discourse, varies greatly. Existing literature has sought to record, rather than explain, the diversity of arrangements. To a large extent this diversity is rooted in the power dynamic between developer and community. Three UK case studies are used to highlight the diversity of arrangements, meanings, and power balances, within benefits arrangements. Finally, a typology is developed to illustrate the spectrum of potential arrangements. This typology gives insight into why various arrangements emerge in response to their specific contexts.
    Keywords case studies ; nuclear power ; renewable energy sources ; United Kingdom
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-06
    Size p. 202-211.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0301-4215
    DOI 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.02.034
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Facial Involuntary Movements and Respiratory Failure in CANOMAD, Responsive to IVIG Therapy

    Kate Johnson / Ashish Malkan / Mohamed Shaffi

    Case Reports in Medicine, Vol

    2015  Volume 2015

    Abstract: CANOMAD is a rare chronic neuropathy, characterized by chronic sensory ataxia and intermittent brain stem symptoms due to antidisialosyl antibodies. The disorder results in significant morbidity but is poorly understood and often misdiagnosed. We ... ...

    Abstract CANOMAD is a rare chronic neuropathy, characterized by chronic sensory ataxia and intermittent brain stem symptoms due to antidisialosyl antibodies. The disorder results in significant morbidity but is poorly understood and often misdiagnosed. We describe a unique case of CANOMAD, associated with involuntary movements of the face; patient reported exacerbations with citrus and chocolate and respiratory muscle weakness. Our patient was initially misdiagnosed with Miller Fisher Syndrome, highlighting the need for vigilance should neurological symptoms recur in patients initially diagnosed with a Guillain Barre variant. Moreover, the optimal treatment is unknown. This patient responded remarkably to intravenous immunoglobulin and has been maintained on this treatment, without further exacerbations.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Publishing Corporation
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Efficacy of adjuvant trastuzumab in women with HER2-positive T1a or bN0M0 breast cancer

    Sanji Ali / Jace Hendry / Duc Le / Prosanta K. Mondal / Amer Sami / Haji Chalchal / Kamal Haider / Osama Ahmed / Ali El-Gayed / Philip Wright / Mehrnoosh Pauls / Kate Johnson / Shahid Ahmed

    Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    a population-based cohort study

    2022  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Adjuvant trastuzumab has been associated with superior survival in women with ≥ T1c or node-positive HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer; however, there is a lack of phase III trials in women with T1a/bN0 disease. Our study aimed to assess ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Adjuvant trastuzumab has been associated with superior survival in women with ≥ T1c or node-positive HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer; however, there is a lack of phase III trials in women with T1a/bN0 disease. Our study aimed to assess the outcomes of women with HER2-positive T1a/bN0 breast cancer who received adjuvant trastuzumab in Saskatchewan, Canada. We evaluated all women diagnosed with HER2-positive T1a/bN0 breast cancer in Saskatchewan between 2008 and 2017. We performed Cox proportional multivariable analysis to determine factors correlated with survival. In addition, inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) using propensity score was performed to assess benefit of adjuvant trastuzumab. Ninety-one eligible women with a median age of 61 years (range 30–89) were identified. Thirty-nine (43%) women received adjuvant trastuzumab. Women who received trastuzumab were younger and had a higher rate of T1b disease. Overall, 3% of women who received trastuzumab compared to 12% of women who did not receive trastuzumab developed breast cancer recurrence (p = 0.23). Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) of women who received adjuvant trastuzumab was 94.8% compared to 82.7% of women who did not receive trastuzumab (p = 0.22). Five-year overall survival was 100% of women who received trastuzumab compared to 90.4% of women who did not receive adjuvant trastuzumab (p = 0.038). In the multivariable analysis, grade III tumors were correlated with inferior DFS (hazard ratio [HR] 5.5, 95% CI [1.7–17.7]). The propensity score using the inverse probability of treatment weighting showed that lack of adjuvant trastuzumab was correlated inferior DFS, with an HR of 4 (95% CI 1.05–15.5). Women with HER2-positive T1a/bN0 breast cancer had overall low recurrence of breast cancer. However, the results of this exploratory analysis indicate that women who received adjuvant trastuzumab had better survival.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: The association between previous and future severe exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

    Mohsen Sadatsafavi / Hui Xie / Mahyar Etminan / Kate Johnson / J Mark FitzGerald / Canadian Respiratory Research Network

    PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 1, p e

    Updating the literature using robust statistical methodology.

    2018  Volume 0191243

    Abstract: There is minimal evidence on the extent to which the occurrence of a severe acute exacerbation of COPD that results in hospitalization affects the subsequent disease course. Previous studies on this topic did not generate causally-interpretable estimates. ...

    Abstract There is minimal evidence on the extent to which the occurrence of a severe acute exacerbation of COPD that results in hospitalization affects the subsequent disease course. Previous studies on this topic did not generate causally-interpretable estimates. Our aim was to use corrected methodology to update previously reported estimates of the associations between previous and future exacerbations in these patients.Using administrative health data in British Columbia, Canada (1997-2012), we constructed a cohort of patients with at least one severe exacerbation, defined as an episode of inpatient care with the main diagnosis of COPD based on international classification of diseases (ICD) codes. We applied a random-effects 'joint frailty' survival model that is particularly developed for the analysis of recurrent events in the presence of competing risk of death and heterogeneity among individuals in their rate of events. Previous severe exacerbations entered the model as dummy-coded time-dependent covariates, and the model was adjusted for several observable patient and disease characteristics.35,994 individuals (mean age at baseline 73.7, 49.8% female, average follow-up 3.21 years) contributed 34,271 severe exacerbations during follow-up. The first event was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.75 (95%CI 1.69-1.82) for the risk of future severe exacerbations. This risk decreased to HR = 1.36 (95%CI 1.30-1.42) for the second event and to 1.18 (95%CI 1.12-1.25) for the third event. The first two severe exacerbations that occurred during follow-up were also significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality. There was substantial heterogeneity in the individual-specific rate of severe exacerbations. Even after adjusting for observable characteristics, individuals in the 97.5th percentile of exacerbation rate had 5.6 times higher rate of severe exacerbations than those in the 2.5th percentile.Using robust statistical methodology that controlled for heterogeneity in exacerbation rates among ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: Establishing an agenda for social studies research in marine renewable energy

    Kerr, Sandy / Andreas Kannen / Angela Hull / Carly McLachlan / Flaxen Conway / Jo Vergunst / John Colton / Kate Johnson / Laura Watts / Shelley MacDougall / Simon Jude / Tavis Potts

    Energy Policy. 2014 Apr., v. 67

    2014  

    Abstract: To date, academic research relating to Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) has largely focused on resource assessment, technical viability and environmental impact. Experiences from onshore renewable energy tell us that social acceptability is equally critical ...

    Abstract To date, academic research relating to Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) has largely focused on resource assessment, technical viability and environmental impact. Experiences from onshore renewable energy tell us that social acceptability is equally critical to project success. However, the specific nature of the marine environment, patterns of resource distribution and governance means experiences from onshore may not be directly applicable to MRE and the marine environment. This paper sets out an agenda for social studies research linked to MRE, identifying key topics for future research: (i) economic impacts; (ii) wealth distribution and community benefits; (iii) communication and knowledge flow; (iv) consultation processes; (v) dealing with uncertainty; (vi) public attitudes; and (vii) planning processes. This agenda is based on the findings of the first workshop of ISSMER, an international research network of social scientists with interests in marine renewable energy. Importantly, this research agenda has been informed by the experiences of developers, regulators and community groups in Orkney. The Orkney archipelago, off the north coast of Scotland, is home to the most intense cluster of MRE research, development and deployment activity in the world today.
    Keywords coasts ; economic impact ; environmental impact ; governance ; income and wealth ; marine environment ; planning ; public opinion ; renewable energy sources ; social networks ; uncertainty ; Scotland
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-04
    Size p. 694-702.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0301-4215
    DOI 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.063
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Changes in symptomatology, reinfection, and transmissibility associated with the SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7

    Mark S Graham, PhD / Carole H Sudre, PhD / Anna May, MA / Michela Antonelli, PhD / Benjamin Murray, MSc / Thomas Varsavsky, MSc / Kerstin Kläser, MSc / Liane S Canas, PhD / Erika Molteni, PhD / Marc Modat, PhD / David A Drew, PhD / Long H Nguyen, MD / Lorenzo Polidori, MSc / Somesh Selvachandran, MSc / Christina Hu, MA / Joan Capdevila, PhD / Alexander Hammers, ProfPhD / Andrew T Chan, ProfMD / Jonathan Wolf, MA /
    Tim D Spector, ProfPhD / Claire J Steves, PhD / Sebastien Ourselin, ProfPhD / Cherian Koshy / Amy Ash / Emma Wise / Nathan Moore / Matilde Mori / Nick Cortes / Jessica Lynch / Stephen Kidd / Derek J Fairley / Tanya Curran / James P McKenna / Helen Adams / Christophe Fraser / Tanya Golubchik / David Bonsall / Mohammed O Hassan-Ibrahim / Cassandra S Malone / Benjamin J Cogger / Michelle Wantoch / Nicola Reynolds / Ben Warne / Joshua Maksimovic / Karla Spellman / Kathryn McCluggage / Michaela John / Robert Beer / Safiah Afifi / Sian Morgan / Angela Marchbank / Anna Price / Christine Kitchen / Huw Gulliver / Ian Merrick / Joel Southgate / Martyn Guest / Robert Munn / Trudy Workman / Thomas R Connor / William Fuller / Catherine Bresner / Luke B Snell / Amita Patel / Themoula Charalampous / Gaia Nebbia / Rahul Batra / Jonathan Edgeworth / Samuel C Robson / Angela H Beckett / David M Aanensen / Anthony P Underwood / Corin A Yeats / Khalil Abudahab / Ben EW Taylor / Mirko Menegazzo / Gemma Clark / Wendy Smith / Manjinder Khakh / Vicki M Fleming / Michelle M Lister / Hannah C Howson-Wells / Louise Berry / Tim Boswell / Amelia Joseph / Iona Willingham / Carl Jones / Christopher Holmes / Paul Bird / Thomas Helmer / Karlie Fallon / Julian Tang / Veena Raviprakash / Sharon Campbell / Nicola Sheriff / Victoria Blakey / Lesley-Anne Williams / Matthew W Loose / Nadine Holmes / Christopher Moore / Matthew Carlile / Victoria Wright / Fei Sang / Johnny Debebe / Francesc Coll / Adrian W Signell / Gilberto Betancor / Harry D Wilson / Sahar Eldirdiri / Anita Kenyon / Thomas Davis / Oliver G Pybus / Louis du Plessis / Alex E Zarebski / Jayna Raghwani / Moritz UG Kraemer / Sarah Francois / Stephen W Attwood / Tetyana I Vasylyeva / Marina Escalera Zamudio / Bernardo Gutierrez / M. Estee Torok / William L Hamilton / Ian G Goodfellow / Grant Hall / Aminu S Jahun / Yasmin Chaudhry / Myra Hosmillo / Malte L Pinckert / Iliana Georgana / Samuel Moses / Hannah Lowe / Luke Bedford / Jonathan Moore / Susanne Stonehouse / Chloe L Fisher / Ali R Awan / John BoYes / Judith Breuer / Kathryn Ann Harris / Julianne Rose Brown / Divya Shah / Laura Atkinson / Jack CD Lee / Nathaniel Storey / Flavia Flaviani / Adela Alcolea-Medina / Rebecca Williams / Gabrielle Vernet / Michael R Chapman / Lisa J Levett / Judith Heaney / Wendy Chatterton / Monika Pusok / Li Xu-McCrae / Darren L Smith / Matthew Bashton / Gregory R Young / Alison Holmes / Paul Anthony Randell / Alison Cox / Pinglawathee Madona / Frances Bolt / James Price / Siddharth Mookerjee / Manon Ragonnet-Cronin / Fabricia F. Nascimento / David Jorgensen / Igor Siveroni / Rob Johnson / Olivia Boyd / Lily Geidelberg / Erik M Volz / Aileen Rowan / Graham P Taylor / Katherine L Smollett / Nicholas J Loman / Joshua Quick / Claire McMurray / Joanne Stockton / Sam Nicholls / Will Rowe / Radoslaw Poplawski / Alan McNally / Rocio T Martinez Nunez / Jenifer Mason / Trevor I Robinson / Elaine O'Toole / Joanne Watts / Cassie Breen / Angela Cowell / Graciela Sluga / Nicholas W Machin / Shazaad S Y Ahmad / Ryan P George / Fenella Halstead / Venkat Sivaprakasam / Wendy Hogsden / Chris J Illingworth / Chris Jackson / Emma C Thomson / James G Shepherd / Patawee Asamaphan / Marc O Niebel / Kathy K Li / Rajiv N Shah / Natasha G Jesudason / Lily Tong / Alice Broos / Daniel Mair / Jenna Nichols / Stephen N Carmichael / Kyriaki Nomikou / Elihu Aranday-Cortes / Natasha Johnson / Igor Starinskij / Ana da Silva Filipe / David L Robertson / Richard J Orton / Joseph Hughes / Sreenu Vattipally / Joshua B Singer / Seema Nickbakhsh / Antony D Hale / Louissa R Macfarlane-Smith / Katherine L Harper / Holli Carden / Yusri Taha / Brendan AI Payne / Shirelle Burton-Fanning / Sheila Waugh / Jennifer Collins / Gary Eltringham / Steven Rushton / Sarah O'Brien / Amanda Bradley / Alasdair Maclean / Guy Mollett / Rachel Blacow / Kate E Templeton / Martin P McHugh / Rebecca Dewar / Elizabeth Wastenge / Samir Dervisevic / Rachael Stanley / Emma J Meader / Lindsay Coupland / Louise Smith / Clive Graham / Edward Barton / Debra Padgett / Garren Scott / Emma Swindells / Jane Greenaway / Andrew Nelson / Clare M McCann / Wen C Yew / Monique Andersson / Timothy Peto / Anita Justice / David Eyre / Derrick Crook / Tim J Sloan / Nichola Duckworth / Sarah Walsh / Anoop J Chauhan / Sharon Glaysher / Kelly Bicknell / Sarah Wyllie / Scott Elliott / Allyson Lloyd / Robert Impey / Nick Levene / Lynn Monaghan / Declan T Bradley / Tim Wyatt / Elias Allara / Clare Pearson / Husam Osman / Andrew Bosworth / Esther Robinson / Peter Muir / Ian B Vipond / Richard Hopes / Hannah M Pymont / Stephanie Hutchings / Martin D Curran / Surendra Parmar / Angie Lackenby / Tamyo Mbisa / Steven Platt / Shahjahan Miah / David Bibby / Carmen Manso / Jonathan Hubb / Meera Chand / Gavin Dabrera / Mary Ramsay / Daniel Bradshaw / Alicia Thornton / Richard Myers / Ulf Schaefer / Natalie Groves / Eileen Gallagher / David Lee / David Williams / Nicholas Ellaby / Ian Harrison / Hassan Hartman / Nikos Manesis / Vineet Patel / Chloe Bishop / Vicki Chalker / Juan Ledesma / Katherine A Twohig / Matthew T.G. Holden / Sharif Shaaban / Alec Birchley / Alexander Adams / Alisha Davies / Amy Gaskin / Amy Plimmer / Bree Gatica-Wilcox / Caoimhe McKerr / Catherine Moore / Chris Williams / David Heyburn / Elen De Lacy / Ember Hilvers / Fatima Downing / Giri Shankar / Hannah Jones / Hibo Asad / Jason Coombes / Joanne Watkins / Johnathan M Evans / Laia Fina / Laura Gifford / Lauren Gilbert / Lee Graham / Malorie Perry / Mari Morgan / Matthew Bull / Michelle Cronin / Nicole Pacchiarini / Noel Craine / Rachel Jones / Robin Howe / Sally Corden / Sara Rey / Sara Kumziene-SummerhaYes / Sarah Taylor / Simon Cottrell / Sophie Jones / Sue Edwards / Justin O'Grady / Andrew J Page / Alison E Mather / David J Baker / Steven Rudder / Alp Aydin / Gemma L Kay / Alexander J Trotter / Nabil-Fareed Alikhan / Leonardo de Oliveira Martins / Thanh Le-Viet / Lizzie Meadows / Anna Casey / Liz Ratcliffe / David A Simpson / Zoltan Molnar / Thomas Thompson / Erwan Acheson / Jane AH Masoli / Bridget A Knight / Sian Ellard / Cressida Auckland / Christopher R Jones / Tabitha W Mahungu / Dianne Irish-Tavares / Tanzina Haque / Jennifer Hart / Eric Witele / Melisa Louise Fenton / Ashok Dadrah / Amanda Symmonds / Tranprit Saluja / Yann Bourgeois / Garry P Scarlett / Katie F Loveson / Salman Goudarzi / Christopher Fearn / Kate Cook / Hannah Dent / Hannah Paul / David G Partridge / Mohammad Raza / Cariad Evans / Kate Johnson / Steven Liggett / Paul Baker / Stephen Bonner / Sarah Essex / Ronan A Lyons / Kordo Saeed / Adhyana I.K Mahanama / Buddhini Samaraweera / Siona Silveira / Emanuela Pelosi / Eleri Wilson-Davies / Rachel J Williams / Mark Kristiansen / Sunando Roy / Charlotte A Williams / Marius Cotic / Nadua Bayzid / Adam P Westhorpe / John A Hartley / Riaz Jannoo / Helen L Lowe / Angeliki Karamani / Leah Ensell / Jacqui A Prieto / Sarah Jeremiah / Dimitris Grammatopoulos / Sarojini Pandey / Lisa Berry / Katie Jones / Alex Richter / Andrew Beggs / Angus Best / Benita Percival / Jeremy Mirza / Oliver Megram / Megan Mayhew / Liam Crawford / Fiona Ashcroft / Emma Moles-Garcia / Nicola Cumley / Colin P Smith / Giselda Bucca / Andrew R Hesketh / Beth Blane / Sophia T Girgis / Danielle Leek / Sushmita Sridhar / Sally Forrest / Claire Cormie / Harmeet K Gill / Joana Dias / Ellen E Higginson / Mailis Maes / Jamie Young / Leanne M Kermack / Ravi Kumar Gupta / Catherine Ludden / Sharon J Peacock / Sophie Palmer / Carol M Churcher / Nazreen F Hadjirin / Alessandro M Carabelli / Ellena Brooks / Kim S Smith / Katerina Galai / Georgina M McManus / Chris Ruis / Rose K Davidson / Andrew Rambaut / Thomas Williams / Carlos E Balcazar / Michael D Gallagher / Áine O'Toole / Stefan Rooke / Verity Hill / Kathleen A Williamson / Thomas D Stanton / Stephen L Michell / Claire M Bewshea / Ben Temperton / Michelle L Michelsen / Joanna Warwick-Dugdale / Robin Manley / Audrey Farbos / James W Harrison / Christine M Sambles / David J Studholme / Aaron R Jeffries / Alistair C Darby / Julian A Hiscox / Steve Paterson / Miren Iturriza-Gomara / Kathryn A Jackson / Anita O Lucaci / Edith E Vamos / Margaret Hughes / Lucille Rainbow / Richard Eccles / Charlotte Nelson / Mark Whitehead / Lance Turtle / Sam T Haldenby / Richard Gregory / Matthew Gemmell / Claudia Wierzbicki / Hermione J Webster / Thushan I de Silva / Nikki Smith / Adrienn Angyal / Benjamin B Lindsey / Danielle C Groves / Luke R Green / Dennis Wang / Timothy M Freeman / Matthew D Parker / Alexander J Keeley / Paul J Parsons / Rachel M Tucker / Rebecca Brown / Matthew Wyles / Max Whiteley / Peijun Zhang / Marta Gallis / Stavroula F Louka / Chrystala Constantinidou / Meera Unnikrishnan / Sascha Ott / Jeffrey K.J. Cheng / Hannah E. Bridgewater / Lucy R. Frost / Grace Taylor-Joyce / Richard Stark / Laura Baxter / Mohammad T. Alam / Paul E Brown / Dinesh Aggarwal / Alberto C Cerda / Tammy V Merrill / Rebekah E Wilson / Patrick C McClure / Joseph G Chappell / Theocharis Tsoleridis / Jonathan Ball / David Buck / John A Todd / Angie Green / Amy Trebes / George MacIntyre-Cockett / Mariateresa de Cesare / Alex Alderton / Roberto Amato / Cristina V Ariani / Mathew A Beale / Charlotte Beaver / Katherine L Bellis / Emma Betteridge / James Bonfield / John Danesh / Matthew J Dorman / Eleanor Drury / Ben W Farr / Luke Foulser / Sonia Goncalves / Scott Goodwin / Marina Gourtovaia / Ewan M Harrison / David K Jackson / Dorota Jamrozy / Ian Johnston / Leanne Kane / Sally Kay / Jon-Paul Keatley / Dominic Kwiatkowski / Cordelia F Langford / Mara Lawniczak / Laura Letchford / Rich Livett / Stephanie Lo / Inigo Martincorena / Samantha McGuigan / Rachel Nelson / Steve Palmer / Naomi R Park / Minal Patel / Liam Prestwood / Christoph Puethe / Michael A Quail / Shavanthi Rajatileka / Carol Scott / Lesley Shirley / John Sillitoe / Michael H Spencer Chapman / Scott AJ Thurston / Gerry Tonkin-Hill / Danni Weldon / Diana Rajan / Iraad F Bronner / Louise Aigrain / Nicholas M Redshaw / Stefanie V Lensing / Robert Davies / Andrew Whitwham / Jennifier Liddle / Kevin Lewis / Jaime M Tovar-Corona / Steven Leonard / Jillian Durham / Andrew R Bassett / Shane McCarthy / Robin J Moll / Keith James / Karen Oliver / Alex Makunin / Jeff Barrett / Rory N Gunson

    The Lancet Public Health, Vol 6, Iss 5, Pp e335-e

    an ecological study

    2021  Volume 345

    Abstract: Summary: Background: The SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 was first identified in December, 2020, in England. We aimed to investigate whether increases in the proportion of infections with this variant are associated with differences in symptoms or disease ... ...

    Abstract Summary: Background: The SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 was first identified in December, 2020, in England. We aimed to investigate whether increases in the proportion of infections with this variant are associated with differences in symptoms or disease course, reinfection rates, or transmissibility. Methods: We did an ecological study to examine the association between the regional proportion of infections with the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant and reported symptoms, disease course, rates of reinfection, and transmissibility. Data on types and duration of symptoms were obtained from longitudinal reports from users of the COVID Symptom Study app who reported a positive test for COVID-19 between Sept 28 and Dec 27, 2020 (during which the prevalence of B.1.1.7 increased most notably in parts of the UK). From this dataset, we also estimated the frequency of possible reinfection, defined as the presence of two reported positive tests separated by more than 90 days with a period of reporting no symptoms for more than 7 days before the second positive test. The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infections with the B.1.1.7 variant across the UK was estimated with use of genomic data from the COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium and data from Public Health England on spike-gene target failure (a non-specific indicator of the B.1.1.7 variant) in community cases in England. We used linear regression to examine the association between reported symptoms and proportion of B.1.1.7. We assessed the Spearman correlation between the proportion of B.1.1.7 cases and number of reinfections over time, and between the number of positive tests and reinfections. We estimated incidence for B.1.1.7 and previous variants, and compared the effective reproduction number, Rt, for the two incidence estimates. Findings: From Sept 28 to Dec 27, 2020, positive COVID-19 tests were reported by 36 920 COVID Symptom Study app users whose region was known and who reported as healthy on app sign-up. We found no changes in reported symptoms or disease duration associated with B.1.1.7. For the same period, possible reinfections were identified in 249 (0·7% [95% CI 0·6–0·8]) of 36 509 app users who reported a positive swab test before Oct 1, 2020, but there was no evidence that the frequency of reinfections was higher for the B.1.1.7 variant than for pre-existing variants. Reinfection occurrences were more positively correlated with the overall regional rise in cases (Spearman correlation 0·56–0·69 for South East, London, and East of England) than with the regional increase in the proportion of infections with the B.1.1.7 variant (Spearman correlation 0·38–0·56 in the same regions), suggesting B.1.1.7 does not substantially alter the risk of reinfection. We found a multiplicative increase in the Rt of B.1.1.7 by a factor of 1·35 (95% CI 1·02–1·69) relative to pre-existing variants. However, Rt fell below 1 during regional and national lockdowns, even in regions with high proportions of infections with the B.1.1.7 variant. Interpretation: The lack of change in symptoms identified in this study indicates that existing testing and surveillance infrastructure do not need to change specifically for the B.1.1.7 variant. In addition, given that there was no apparent increase in the reinfection rate, vaccines are likely to remain effective against the B.1.1.7 variant. Funding: Zoe Global, Department of Health (UK), Wellcome Trust, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), National Institute for Health Research (UK), Medical Research Council (UK), Alzheimer's Society.
    Keywords Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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