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Article ; Online: Assessing Trends in Internalizing Symptoms among Racialized and Minoritized Adolescents: Results from the Monitoring the Future Survey 2005-2020.

Kaur, Navdep / Adkins-Jackson, Paris B / Joseph, Victoria / Campbell, Mia N / Keyes, Katherine M

2024

Abstract: Depressive symptoms have rapidly accelerated among recent US adolescent birth cohorts, yet there remains little understanding of trends among racialized and minoritized groups. These groups may experience depressive symptoms due to the deleterious ... ...

Abstract	Depressive symptoms have rapidly accelerated among recent US adolescent birth cohorts, yet there remains little understanding of trends among racialized and minoritized groups. These groups may experience depressive symptoms due to the deleterious effects of structural racism. Using 2005-2020 Monitoring the Future survey data, we examine all racialized groups using within-group analyses to observe trends in high depressive symptoms across cohorts. Generally, across racialized groups and ages, the odds of high depressive symptoms increased in recent birth cohorts. For example, among 15-16-year-old students racialized as American Indian or Alaska Native and Black-Hispanic/Latine, the 2003-2006 birth cohort had 3.08 (95% CI: 2.00, 4.76) and 6.95 (95% CI: 2.70, 17.88) times higher odds, respectively, of high depressive symptoms compared to the 1987-1990 birth cohorts. Moreover, in a given year 15-16-year-olds generally experienced the highest depressive symptoms compared to 13-14 and 17-18-year-olds, suggesting that age-effects peaked during mid-adolescence. Depressive symptoms increased among US adolescents by birth cohort, within all racialized and minoritized groups assessed. Public health efforts to reduce disparities may consider barriers such as structural racism that may impact the mental health of racialized/minoritized adolescents while increasing access to culturally competent mental health providers and school-based services.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2937-3
ISSN	1476-6256 ; 0002-9262
ISSN (online)	1476-6256
ISSN	0002-9262
DOI	10.1093/aje/kwae024
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Article: Alcohol or Drug Self-Help Use Among Adults in the United States: Age, Period, and Cohort Effects Between 2002 and 2018.

Mauro, Pia M / Kaur, Navdep / Askari, Melanie S / Keyes, Katherine M

International journal of mental health and addiction

2023 , Page(s) 1–15

Abstract: In the context of an ongoing and worsening drug overdose epidemic in the USA, increases in free support services like self-help groups may be expected. We estimated differences in self-help use by age, period, or cohort among people who may have needed ... ...

Abstract	In the context of an ongoing and worsening drug overdose epidemic in the USA, increases in free support services like self-help groups may be expected. We estimated differences in self-help use by age, period, or cohort among people who may have needed treatment. We included Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11469-023-01012-2.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2235886-9
ISSN	1557-1882 ; 1557-1874
ISSN (online)	1557-1882
ISSN	1557-1874
DOI	10.1007/s11469-023-01012-2
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Article ; Online: Age, Period, and Cohort Trends in Perceived Mental Health Treatment Need and Differences by Mental Health Severity in the United States, 2008-2019.

Askari, Melanie S / Mauro, Pia M / Kaur, Navdep / Keyes, Katherine M

Community mental health journal

2022 Volume 59, Issue 4, Page(s) 631–640

Abstract: Identifying age, period, and cohort trends in perceived mental health treatment need over time by mental illness severity is important to identify where to focus early intervention efforts. We included adults who did not report receiving past-year mental ...

Abstract	Identifying age, period, and cohort trends in perceived mental health treatment need over time by mental illness severity is important to identify where to focus early intervention efforts. We included adults who did not report receiving past-year mental health treatment in the 2008-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 364,676). Hierarchical age-period-cohort models were used to assess perceived mental health treatment need, adjusting for demographics stratified by mental illness severity (none, any but not severe [AMI], severe [SMI]). Median odds ratios estimated cohort and period variance. Cohort effects explained a significant portion of the variance over time; period effects were minimal. Perceived mental health treatment need was highest among adults with AMI from recent birth cohorts (2000-2002: β = 1.12; 95% CI = 0.96, 1.28). Efforts are needed to address increases in perceived mental health treatment need in younger birth cohorts, such as removing structural barriers (e.g., healthcare system barriers).
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; United States ; Mental Health ; Mental Health Services ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology ; Mental Disorders/therapy ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Substance-Related Disorders
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	215855-3
ISSN	1573-2789 ; 0010-3853
ISSN (online)	1573-2789
ISSN	0010-3853
DOI	10.1007/s10597-022-01044-3
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Article ; Online: Trends in Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Adult Mental Health Treatment Use From 2005 to 2019.

Kaur, Navdep / Esie, Precious / Finsaas, Megan C / Mauro, Pia M / Keyes, Katherine M

Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)

2022 Volume 74, Issue 5, Page(s) 455–462

Abstract: Objective: Although U.S. mental health treatment rates increased in the 2000s, gaps in treatment among racial-ethnic groups grew. Little is known, however, about national trends after 2012, when treatment access increased overall. This study assessed ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Although U.S. mental health treatment rates increased in the 2000s, gaps in treatment among racial-ethnic groups grew. Little is known, however, about national trends after 2012, when treatment access increased overall. This study assessed trends in racial-ethnic disparities in past-year treatment rates among people with a major depressive episode, serious psychological distress, or serious mental illness. Methods: National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2005-2019) data of adults with a past-year major depressive episode (N=49,791) or serious psychological distress (N=89,233) and of adults with past-year serious mental illness (N=24,944; 2008-2019) were analyzed. Linear risk regressions were used to model trends in past-year use of mental health treatment and included an interaction term between survey year and race-ethnicity. Results: Treatment use prevalence (2005-2019) among marginalized individuals with a major depressive episode remained lower than that among White people. The magnitude of the disparity in treatment use between White and Hispanic people with major depressive episode decreased slightly (percentage-point difference=-25.1% to -14.9%), whereas the disparity in treatment use between White people and American Indian/Alaska Native people with serious mental illness increased significantly (percentage-point difference=23.4% to -12.2%), from 2005 to 2019. The magnitude of the disparities for other marginalized racial-ethnic groups did not meaningfully change. Conclusions: Racial-ethnic disparities in past-year mental health treatment use have persisted. Efforts to reduce disparities should consider structural barriers that hinder treatment use among marginalized groups.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adult ; United States ; Depressive Disorder, Major/therapy ; Mental Health ; Ethnicity ; Hispanic or Latino ; Healthcare Disparities ; White
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1220173-x
ISSN	1557-9700 ; 1075-2730
ISSN (online)	1557-9700
ISSN	1075-2730
DOI	10.1176/appi.ps.202100700
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Article ; Online: Adolescent simultaneous use of alcohol and marijuana by trends in cigarette and nicotine vaping from 2000 to 2020.

Keyes, Katherine M / Joseph, Victoria / Kaur, Navdep / Kreski, Noah T / Chen, Qixuan / Martins, Silvia S / Hasin, Deborah / Olfson, Mark / Mauro, Pia M

Drug and alcohol dependence

2023 Volume 249, Page(s) 109948

Abstract: Background: Simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use is associated with adverse consequences for youth. While SAM use is overall declining among youth, prior studies indicate increasing marijuana use among US adolescents who ever used cigarettes, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use is associated with adverse consequences for youth. While SAM use is overall declining among youth, prior studies indicate increasing marijuana use among US adolescents who ever used cigarettes, suggesting possible moderation of the alcohol-marijuana relationship by cigarette use. Methods: We included 43,845 12-th grade students participating in Monitoring the Future data (2000-2020). A 5-level alcohol/marijuana measure was used, including past-year SAM, alcohol-only, marijuana-only, non-simultaneous alcohol and marijuana, or no use. Multinomial logistic regressions estimated associations between time periods (categorized based on sample size: 2000-2005, 2006-2009, 2010-2014, 2015-2020) and the 5-level alcohol/marijuana measure. Models adjusted for sex, race, parental education and survey mode and included interactions of time periods and lifetime cigarette or vaped nicotine use. Results: While overall SAM among 12th graders decreased from 23.65% to 18.31% between 2000 and 2020, SAM increased among students who never used cigarettes or vaped nicotine (from 5.42% to 7.03%). Among students who ever used cigarettes or vaped nicotine, SAM increased from 39.2% in 2000-2005-44.1% in 2010-2014 then declined to 37.8% in 2015-2020. Adjusted models controlling for demographics indicated that among students with no lifetime cigarette or vaped nicotine use, students in 2015-2020 had 1.40 (95% C.I. 1.15-1.71) times the odds of SAM, and 5.43 (95% C.I. 3.63-8.12) times the odds of marijuana-only (i.e., no alcohol use) compared to students who used neither in 2000-2005. Alcohol-only declined over time in both students who ever and never used cigarettes or nicotine vape products. Conclusion: Paradoxically, while SAM declined in the overall adolescent US population, the prevalence of SAM increased among students who have never smoked cigarettes or vaped nicotine. This effect arises because of a substantial decline in the prevalence of cigarette smoking; smoking is a risk factor for SAM, and fewer students smoke. Increases in vaping are offsetting these changes, however. Preventing adolescent use of cigarettes and nicotine vaped products could have extended benefits for other substance use, including SAM.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Cannabis ; Vaping/epidemiology ; Nicotine ; Tobacco Products ; Marijuana Use/epidemiology ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Hallucinogens ; Ethanol ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
Chemical Substances	Nicotine (6M3C89ZY6R) ; Hallucinogens ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-27
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	519918-9
ISSN	1879-0046 ; 0376-8716
ISSN (online)	1879-0046
ISSN	0376-8716
DOI	10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109948
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Article ; Online: Associations between digital technology and substance use among U.S. adolescents: Results from the 2018 Monitoring the Future survey.

Kaur, Navdep / Rutherford, Caroline G / Martins, Silvia S / Keyes, Katherine M

Drug and alcohol dependence

2020 Volume 213, Page(s) 108124

Abstract: Objective: Social media and other digital technology use facilitate connection among adolescents, but also may reinforce norms and substance-related content from peers and advertisers. We use nationally representative data to examine the association ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Social media and other digital technology use facilitate connection among adolescents, but also may reinforce norms and substance-related content from peers and advertisers. We use nationally representative data to examine the association between digital technology and past 30-day use of alcohol, cannabis, and vaping. Methods: Data were drawn from the 2018 Monitoring the Future survey of US adolescents (N = 44,482). Poisson regressions estimated the association between hours/day of technology use and past 30-day use of alcohol, cannabis, and vaping adjusting for grade, sociodemographics, and other past-year drug use. Results: Across grades, mean hours of social media/day was 3.06 (standard deviation = 2.90), past 30-day alcohol, cannabis, flavor vaping, cannabis vaping, and nicotine vaping were 15.7 %, 12.6 %, 10.6 %, 4.9 %, and 11.2 %, respectively. Digital technology use that required interaction with others was associated with increased risk of past 30-day drinking, cannabis use, and vaping. For example, social media 3+ hours/day was associated with past 30-day drinking (adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 1.99, 95 % CI: 1.65, 2.41). The magnitude of association was consistent across texting, phone calls, and video chatting, which were all more strongly associated with substance use than with activities that do not require interaction such as gaming and watching videos. Conclusion: Digital technology that facilitates interaction among adolescents, such as texting and social media, is associated with past substance use. Magnitudes of association are consistent across substances, supporting the hypothesis that networks of adolescents are social drivers of substance use, rather than the technology itself.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-18
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	519918-9
ISSN	1879-0046 ; 0376-8716
ISSN (online)	1879-0046
ISSN	0376-8716
DOI	10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108124
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Article ; Online: Temporal trends in alcohol, cannabis, and simultaneous use among 12th-grade U.S. adolescents from 2000 to 2020: Differences by sex, parental education, and race and ethnicity.

Keyes, Katherine M / Kaur, Navdep / Kreski, Noah T / Chen, Qixuan / Martins, Silvia S / Hasin, Deborah / Olfson, Mark / Mauro, Pia M

Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research

2022 Volume 46, Issue 9, Page(s) 1677–1686

Abstract: Background: Simultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis to enhance each other's effect can cause potential harm. Time trends are diverging in adolescent use of alcohol, which is declining, and cannabis, which is increasing among certain subgroups. However, ...

Abstract	Background: Simultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis to enhance each other's effect can cause potential harm. Time trends are diverging in adolescent use of alcohol, which is declining, and cannabis, which is increasing among certain subgroups. However, little is known about trends in their simultaneous and non-simultaneous use. Racial and socioeconomic disparities are emerging in cannabis use, which may portend consequences to public health. Methods: The 2000 to 2020 Monitoring the Future surveys included approximately 38,000 U.S. 12th-grade students with information on simultaneous use and pertinent demographic factors. A 5-level alcohol/cannabis measure included past-year simultaneous use (i.e., alcohol and cannabis use at the same time), non-simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use, alcohol-use-only, cannabis-use-only, and no use. Multinomial logistic regressions estimated associations (adjusted relative risk ratios; aRRR) with time period (2000 to 2004, 2005 to 2009, 2010 to 2014, 2015 to 2020). Models were adjusted and included interactions with sex, race/ethnicity, and parental education. Results: Between 2000 and 2020, simultaneous alcohol/cannabis use among 12th graders decreased from 24.4% to 18.7%. From 2015 to 2020 compared to 2000 to 2004, the odds of simultaneous use (adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR) vs. no use = 0.57, 95% CI [0.50, 0.66]) and alcohol-use-only (aRRR = 0.55, 95% CI [0.49, 0.61]) decreased, while cannabis-use-only odds increased (aRRR = 2.59, 95% CI [1.87, 3.59]). Notably, the prevalence of cannabis-use-only more than doubled from 2011 to 2019. The odds of simultaneous use, alcohol-use-only, and non-simultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis declined more rapidly among males than females, whereas the odds for cannabis-use-only increased faster for females than males. Increases in cannabis-use-only were faster for non-white adolescents. Conclusion: Simultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis is declining among U.S. adolescents, but the decline is slower among females than males. Declines in simultaneous use are largely concomitant with historical declines in alcohol use, indicating that a continued focus on reducing alcohol use among adolescents and young adults has extended benefits to other adolescent substance use. However, cannabis use without any reported past-year alcohol use more than doubled in the last decade, a concerning trend.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology ; Cannabis ; Educational Status ; Ethanol ; Ethnicity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parents ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	428999-7
ISSN	1530-0277 ; 0145-6008
ISSN (online)	1530-0277
ISSN	0145-6008
DOI	10.1111/acer.14914
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Article ; Online: Age, Period, and Cohort Effects of Internalizing Symptoms Among US Students and the Influence of Self-Reported Frequency of Attaining 7 or More Hours of Sleep: Results From the Monitoring the Future Survey 1991-2019.

Kaur, Navdep / Hamilton, Ava D / Chen, Qixuan / Hasin, Deborah / Cerda, Magdalena / Martins, Silvia S / Keyes, Katherine M

American journal of epidemiology

2022 Volume 191, Issue 6, Page(s) 1081–1091

Abstract: Adolescent internalizing symptoms have increased since 2010, whereas adequate sleep has declined for several decades. It remains unclear how self-reported sleep attainment has affected internalizing-symptoms trends. Using 1991-2019 data from the ... ...

Abstract	Adolescent internalizing symptoms have increased since 2010, whereas adequate sleep has declined for several decades. It remains unclear how self-reported sleep attainment has affected internalizing-symptoms trends. Using 1991-2019 data from the Monitoring the Future Study (n ~ 390,000), we estimated age-period-cohort effects in adolescent internalizing symptoms (e.g., loneliness, self-esteem, self-derogation, depressive affect) and the association with yearly prevalence of a survey-assessed, self-reported measure of attaining ≥7 hours of sleep most nights. We focused our main analysis on loneliness and used median odds ratios to measure variance in loneliness associated with period differences. We observed limited signals for cohort effects and modeled only period effects. The feeling of loneliness increased by 0.83% per year; adolescents in 2019 had 0.68 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.87) increased log odds of loneliness compared with the mean, which was consistent by race/ethnicity and parental education. Girls experienced steeper increases in loneliness than boys (P < 0.0001). The period-effect median odds ratio for loneliness was 1.16 (variance = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.17) before adjustment for self-reported frequency of getting ≥7 hours sleep versus 1.07 (variance = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.03) after adjustment. Adolescents across cohorts are experiencing worsening internalizing symptoms. Self-reported frequency of <7 hours sleep partially explains increases in loneliness, indicating the need for feasibility trials to study the effect of increasing sleep attainment on internalizing symptoms.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Cohort Effect ; Depression/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Loneliness ; Male ; Self Report ; Sleep ; Students
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2937-3
ISSN	1476-6256 ; 0002-9262
ISSN (online)	1476-6256
ISSN	0002-9262
DOI	10.1093/aje/kwac010
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Article ; Online: Impact of home-based family planning counselling and referral on modern contraceptive use in Karachi, Pakistan: a retrospective, cross-sectional matched control study.

Hackett, Kristy / Henry, Elizabeth / Hussain, Imtiaz / Khan, Mirbaz / Feroz, Khalid / Kaur, Navdep / Sato, Ryoko / Soofi, Sajid / Canning, David / Shah, Iqbal

BMJ open

2020 Volume 10, Issue 9, Page(s) e039835

Abstract: Objectives: To assess: (1) the impact of a reproductive health program on modern contraceptive use from baseline to program close; (2) the sustained impact from baseline to follow-up 36 months later; and (3) the exposure-adjusted impact at program close ...

Abstract	Objectives: To assess: (1) the impact of a reproductive health program on modern contraceptive use from baseline to program close; (2) the sustained impact from baseline to follow-up 36 months later; and (3) the exposure-adjusted impact at program close and follow-up. Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional matched control study. Setting: Karachi, Pakistan. Participants: 2561 married women aged 16-49 years. Interventions: The Willows Program, a community-based family planning counselling and referral program implemented from 2013 to 2015. Primary and secondary outcome measures: The primary outcome was community-level modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR), measured for January 2013 (baseline), June 2015 (program close) and at follow-up 36 months later. A secondary outcome was exposure-adjusted mCPR (among women reporting a family planning home visit) at program close and at follow-up. Results: There was no significant effect on community-level mCPR at program close (2.4 percentage point increase in intervention over comparison; 95% CI -2.2 to 7.0) or at follow-up (1.9 percentage point decrease; 95% CI -6.7 to 2.8). Only 18% of women in the intervention area reported receiving a family planning visit in the preceding 5 years. Among those reporting a visit, we observed a significant 10.3 percentage point increase (95% CI 4.6 to 15.9) from baseline to close, and a non-significant 2.0 percentage point increase (95% CI -3.8 to 7.8) from baseline to follow-up, relative to matched women in the comparison area. The cost per new modern method user was US$1089, while the cost per user-year during the intervention period was US$455. Conclusions: The program had a positive short-term effect on women who received a family planning visit; however, this effect was not sustained. Program coverage was low and did not significantly increase community-level family planning use. Findings highlight the need to increase community coverage of high-quality counselling and contextually relevant interventions for family planning demand generation.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Contraception ; Contraception Behavior ; Contraceptive Agents ; Counseling ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Family Planning Services ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pakistan ; Referral and Consultation ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Contraceptive Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039835
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Article ; Online: Trends in cannabis use and attitudes toward legalization and use among Australians from 2001-2016: an age-period-cohort analysis.

Kaur, Navdep / Keyes, Katherine M / Hamilton, Ava D / Chapman, Cath / Livingston, Michael / Slade, Tim / Swift, Wendy

Addiction (Abingdon, England)

2020 Volume 116, Issue 5, Page(s) 1152–1161

Abstract: Background and aims: Changes in cannabis legalization and availability in Australia necessitate monitoring use and attitudes. We estimated age-period-cohort effects of past-year cannabis use and attitudes toward criminalization and legalization.: ... ...

Abstract	Background and aims: Changes in cannabis legalization and availability in Australia necessitate monitoring use and attitudes. We estimated age-period-cohort effects of past-year cannabis use and attitudes toward criminalization and legalization. Design: Analysis of six waves of the Australian National Drug Strategy Household Survey (NDSHS) every 3 years (2001-2016). Setting and participants: The study was nationally representative of Australian households using multistage random sampling, totaling 145 168 respondents 18-79 years old. Data were collected using telephone, face-to-face, and drop-and-collect. Sample sizes per analysis varied based on data availability (~107 000-127 000 per model). Measurements: Six waves of data for past-year cannabis use (by sex and education), attitudes toward criminalization and legalization. Findings: Past-year cannabis use decreased in young adults ages 18-35 from 2001-2016 (25.1%-18.6%) and increased in middle adults ages 36-55 (8.6%-10.1%) and older adults ages 56-79 (0.6%-3.0%). We observed a positive period effect and negative cohort effect for recent cohorts for past-year use (e.g. 1955 cohort had 1.41 (95% CI: [1.11, 1.70]) increased log odds vs. 1998 cohort had -2.86 (95% CI: [-3.17, -2.55]) increased log odds) compared with the mean across years. Results were consistent by sex and varied by education. We observed a negative period effect for criminalization favorability (0.14 (95% CI: [0.003, 0.28]) increased log odds in 2001 vs. -0.31 (95% CI: [-0.45, -0.17]) increased log odds in 2016) and positive cohort effect for recent cohorts. Last, we observed a positive period effect for legalization support (-0.03 (95% CI: [-0.20, 0.14]) increased log odds in 2001 vs. 0.38 (95% CI: [0.22, 0.55]) increased log odds in 2016) and negative cohort effect for recent cohorts. Conclusion: Cannabis use appears to be increasing in Australia among adults over 35, while decreasing among adolescents and young adults. Legalization support also appears to have been increasing since 2007, signaling discordance between use and attitudes among adolescents and young adults, and potentially predicting increases in use over time.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Attitude ; Australia/epidemiology ; Cannabis ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Legislation, Drug ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1141051-6
ISSN	1360-0443 ; 0965-2140
ISSN (online)	1360-0443
ISSN	0965-2140
DOI	10.1111/add.15271
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In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito