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  1. Article: Stress, inflammation and natural treatments.

    Theoharides, T C / Kavalioti, M

    Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents

    2018  Volume 32, Issue 6, Page(s) 1345–1347

    Abstract: Stress and inflammation have become the curses of our times and are the main pathogenetic factors in multiple diseases that are often comorbid and include allergies and asthma, eczema and psoriasis, fibromyalgia syndrome, mast cell activation syndrome, ... ...

    Abstract Stress and inflammation have become the curses of our times and are the main pathogenetic factors in multiple diseases that are often comorbid and include allergies and asthma, eczema and psoriasis, fibromyalgia syndrome, mast cell activation syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Unfortunately, there are no effective drugs. Cross-talk between mast cells and microglia in the hypothalamus and amygdala could explain stress-induced inflammation. We recently showed that the "alarmin" IL-33 could play a major role through its synergistic action with the neuropeptide substance P to stimulate human mast cell secretion of the pro-inflammatory molecules IL-1β, TNF and VEGF. A new formulation using pure luteolin with Ashwagandha has now been developed and could be of significant benefit to patients suffering from these diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Amygdala ; Humans ; Hypothalamus ; Inflammation/physiopathology ; Inflammation/therapy ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukin-33 ; Luteolin/therapeutic use ; Mast Cells ; Microglia ; Plant Extracts ; Stress, Psychological/physiopathology ; Stress, Psychological/therapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
    Chemical Substances IL1B protein, human ; IL33 protein, human ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukin-33 ; Plant Extracts ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; VEGFA protein, human ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Luteolin (KUX1ZNC9J2) ; Ashwagandha (V038D626IF)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-20
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639196-5
    ISSN 1724-6083 ; 0393-974X
    ISSN (online) 1724-6083
    ISSN 0393-974X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Factors adversely influencing neurodevelopment.

    Theoharides, T C / Kavalioti, M / Martinotti, R

    Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents

    2020  Volume 33, Issue 6, Page(s) 1663–1667

    MeSH term(s) Central Nervous System/drug effects ; Central Nervous System/physiopathology ; Child ; Child Development ; Flavonoids/therapeutic use ; Herbicides/adverse effects ; Humans ; Inflammation/complications ; Learning ; Lyme Disease/complications ; Mastocytosis/complications ; Metals, Heavy/adverse effects ; Mycotoxins/adverse effects ; Polyvinyl Chloride/adverse effects ; Virus Diseases/complications
    Chemical Substances Flavonoids ; Herbicides ; Metals, Heavy ; Mycotoxins ; Polyvinyl Chloride (9002-86-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-13
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 639196-5
    ISSN 1724-6083 ; 0393-974X
    ISSN (online) 1724-6083
    ISSN 0393-974X
    DOI 10.23812/19-33n6Edit_Theoharides
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Effect of stress on learning and motivation-relevance to autism spectrum disorder.

    Theoharides, Theoharis C / Kavalioti, Maria

    International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology

    2019  Volume 33, Page(s) 2058738419856760

    Abstract: Learning and motivation are critical in the development of children, and to their acquisition of knowledge and skills. A case in point is autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired social interactions and ... ...

    Abstract Learning and motivation are critical in the development of children, and to their acquisition of knowledge and skills. A case in point is autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired social interactions and communication, as well as by stereotypic movements. Maternal stress has been strongly associated with increased risk of developing ASD. Children experience multiple stressors such as separation anxiety, fear of the unknown, physical and/or emotional trauma, bullying, as well as environmental exposures. Stress is well known to affect learning and motivation. However, patients with ASD have aggrevated tresponses to stress, especially fear response. There is extensive literature connecting the amygdala to social behavior and to pathophysiologic responses to stress. The amygdala regulate the responses to stress, and anatomical changes in amygdala have been reported in ASD. In particular, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which is secreted under stress, is high in children with ASD and stimulates both mast cells and microglia, thus providing possible targets for therapy. Factors and/or circumstances that could interfere with the neurodevelopmental pathways involved in learning and motivation are clearly important and should be recognized early.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology ; Humans ; Learning ; Motivation ; Stress, Psychological
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645171-8
    ISSN 2058-7384 ; 0394-6320
    ISSN (online) 2058-7384
    ISSN 0394-6320
    DOI 10.1177/2058738419856760
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Mast Cells, Stress, Fear and Autism Spectrum Disorder.

    Theoharides, Theoharis C / Kavalioti, Maria / Tsilioni, Irene

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2019  Volume 20, Issue 15

    Abstract: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition characterized by impaired communication and obsessive behavior that affects 1 in 59 children. ASD is expected to affect 1 in about 40 children by 2020, but there is still no distinct ... ...

    Abstract Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition characterized by impaired communication and obsessive behavior that affects 1 in 59 children. ASD is expected to affect 1 in about 40 children by 2020, but there is still no distinct pathogenesis or effective treatments. Prenatal stress has been associated with higher risk of developing ASD in the offspring. Moreover, children with ASD cannot handle anxiety and respond disproportionately even to otherwise benign triggers. Stress and environmental stimuli trigger the unique immune cells, mast cells, which could then trigger microglia leading to abnormal synaptic pruning and dysfunctional neuronal connectivity. This process could alter the "fear threshold" in the amygdala and lead to an exaggerated "fight-or-flight" reaction. The combination of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), secreted under stress, together with environmental stimuli could be major contributors to the pathogenesis of ASD. Recognizing these associations and preventing stimulation of mast cells and/or microglia could greatly benefit ASD patients.
    MeSH term(s) Anxiety/physiopathology ; Anxiety/psychology ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/etiology ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology ; Brain/physiopathology ; Fear/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Mast Cells/metabolism ; Mast Cells/pathology ; Microglia/pathology ; Neuronal Plasticity/genetics ; Neurons/metabolism ; Neurons/pathology ; Pregnancy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms20153611
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Intimate Contact Could Be Dangerous for Your Health.

    Kounis, Nicholas G / Ren, Huali L / Kavalioti, Maria / Koniari, Ioanna / Theoharides, Theoharis C

    Clinical therapeutics

    2019  Volume 41, Issue 6, Page(s) 1222–1226

    Abstract: Purpose: To review evidence of hypersensitivity reactions to allergens and/or pathogens transmitted via intimate contact.: Methods: We reviewed PubMed for publications in English between 1980 and 2018 using the terms allergy, drugs, foods, ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To review evidence of hypersensitivity reactions to allergens and/or pathogens transmitted via intimate contact.
    Methods: We reviewed PubMed for publications in English between 1980 and 2018 using the terms allergy, drugs, foods, hypersensitivity, intercourse, kissing, Kounis syndrome, mast cells, and semen.
    Findings: In human RELATIONSHIPS, intimate contact can occasionally have disastrous or even fatal consequences because antigens and pathogens can be transmitted via the oral and vaginal mucosa. Hypersensitivity to semen is an underrecognized problem. Some individuals also developed acute coronary hypersensitivity, which mimics myocardial infarction, known as Kounis syndrome.
    Implications: Hypersensitivity reactions to allergens and/or pathogens via intimate contact are common and should be recognized. Sensitive patients should be evaluated for atopic diathesis because such patients may be more susceptible and could also develop Kounis syndrome.
    MeSH term(s) Allergens/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Kounis Syndrome ; Male ; Microbiota ; Semen/immunology ; Sex ; Vagina/immunology ; Vagina/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Allergens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 603113-4
    ISSN 1879-114X ; 0149-2918
    ISSN (online) 1879-114X
    ISSN 0149-2918
    DOI 10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.04.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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