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  1. Article: Corrigendum: Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the rectum: a whole genome sequencing study.

    Reynolds, Ian S / Thomas, Valentina / O'Connell, Emer / Fichtner, Michael / McNamara, Deborah A / Kay, Elaine W / Prehn, Jochen H M / Burke, John P / Furney, Simon J

    Frontiers in oncology

    2023  Volume 13, Page(s) 1229013

    Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01682.]. ...

    Abstract [This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01682.].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2649216-7
    ISSN 2234-943X
    ISSN 2234-943X
    DOI 10.3389/fonc.2023.1229013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Regional and organ-level responses to local lung irradiation in sheep.

    Collie, David / Wright, Steven H / Del-Pozo, Jorge / Kay, Elaine / Schwarz, Tobias / Parys, Magdalena / Lawrence, Jessica

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 9553

    Abstract: Lung is a dose-limiting organ in radiotherapy. This may limit tumour control when effort is made in planning to limit the likelihood of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). Understanding the factors that dictate susceptibility to radiation-induced ... ...

    Abstract Lung is a dose-limiting organ in radiotherapy. This may limit tumour control when effort is made in planning to limit the likelihood of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). Understanding the factors that dictate susceptibility to radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis will aid in the prevention and management of RILI, and may lead to more effective personalized radiotherapy treatment. As the interaction of regional and organ-level responses may shape the chronic consequences of RILI, we sought to characterise both aspects of the response in an ovine model. A defined volume of left pulmonary parenchyma was prescribed 5 fractions of 6 Gy within 14 days while the contralateral lung dose was constrained. Radiographic changes via computed tomography (CT) were documented to define differences in radio-exposed lung relative to non-exposed lung at d21, d63 and d171 (n = 2), and at d21, d147 and d227 (n = 2). Gross and histologic lung changes were evaluated in samples derived at necropsy examination to define the chronic pulmonary response to radiation. Irradiated lung demonstrated reduced radio-density and increased homogeneity as evidenced from texture based radiomic feature analysis, relative to the control lung. At necropsy, the radiation field was readily defined by pallor on the pleural surface, which was also evident on the cut surface of fixed lung specimens. The degree and homogeneity of pallor reflected the sparse presence of erythrocytes in alveolar septal capillaries of radiation-exposed lung. These changes contrasted with dilated and congested microvasculature in the contralateral control lung. Referencing data to measurements made in control lung volumes of sheep experiencing acute RILI indicated that interstitial collagen continues to deposit in the radio-exposed lung field. Overall lung vascularity increased during the chronic response, as evidenced by increased expression of endothelial cell marker (CD31); however, vascularity was consistently decreased in irradiated lung and was negatively correlated with lung collagen. Other organ-level responses included increased expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (ASMA), increased numbers of proliferating cells (Ki67 positive), and cells expressing the dendritic cell-lysosomal associated membrane protein (DC-LAMP) antigen. The chronic response to RILI in this model is effected at both the whole organ and local lung level. Whilst the long-term consequences of exposure to radiation involved the continued deposition of collagen in the radiation field, organ-level responses also included increased vascularization and increased expression of ASMA, Ki67 and DC-LAMP. Interrupting the interplay between these aspects may influence susceptibility to pulmonary fibrosis after radiotherapy. We advocate for the importance of large animal model systems in pursuing these opportunities to target local, organ-level and systemic mechanisms in parallel within the same subject over time.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Lung/pathology ; Lung/radiation effects ; Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Radiation Pneumonitis/pathology ; Radiotherapy/adverse effects ; Sheep
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-88863-8
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  3. Article ; Online: Apoptosis and autophagy markers predict survival in neoadjuvant treated oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients.

    El Mashed, Shereen / O'Donovan, Tracey R / Kay, Elaine / O'Grady, Anthony / McManus, Damian / Turkington, Richard C / McKenna, Sharon L

    BMC cancer

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 908

    Abstract: Background: Less than 20 % of patients with resectable oesophageal adenocarcinoma obtain a pathological response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Studies using oesophageal cancer cell lines have shown that drug sensitive tumour cells undergo ... ...

    Abstract Background: Less than 20 % of patients with resectable oesophageal adenocarcinoma obtain a pathological response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Studies using oesophageal cancer cell lines have shown that drug sensitive tumour cells undergo apoptosis in response to drug treatment, whereas resistant cells induce autophagy and can recover following withdrawal of drug. In this study, we evaluated markers of apoptosis (active/cleaved caspase-3) and autophagy (LC3B) to establish whether these markers are useful prognostic indicators following neoadjuvant therapy.
    Methods: Oesophageal adenocarcinoma tumour tissue from the Northern Ireland Biobank at Queens University Belfast was examined retrospectively. Tumours from 144 patients treated with platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection were assembled into tissue microarrays prior to immunohistochemical analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests were used to assess the impact of cleaved caspase-3 and LC3B expression on survival. Cox regression was used to examine association with clinical risk factors.
    Results: High levels of cleaved caspase-3 were found in 14.6 % of patients and this correlated with a significantly better overall survival (p = 0.03). 38.9 % of patients had high cytoplasmic LC3B expression, which correlated with poor overall survival (p = 0.041). In addition, a distinct globular pattern of LC3B expression was identified in 40.3 % of patients and was also predictive of overall survival (p < 0.001). LC3B globular structures are also associated with tumour recurrence (p = 0.014). When these markers were assessed in combination, it was found that patients who showed low/negative cleaved caspase-3 staining and high/positive staining for both patterns of LC3B had the worst overall survival (p < 0.001). Multi-variate analysis also indicated that this marker combination was an independent predictor of poor prognosis (p = 0.008; HR = 0.046, 95% CI = (0.005-0.443).
    Conclusions: The expression of cleaved caspase-3 and specific LC3B staining patterns are associated with overall survival following neoadjuvant treatment. The combination of these markers is an independent indicator of outcome in neoadjuvant chemotherapy treated oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
    MeSH term(s) Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Caspase 3 ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; Caspase 3 (EC 3.4.22.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041352-X
    ISSN 1471-2407 ; 1471-2407
    ISSN (online) 1471-2407
    ISSN 1471-2407
    DOI 10.1186/s12885-022-09981-8
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  4. Article ; Online: The transcription factor CUX1 negatively regulates invasion in castrate resistant prostate cancer.

    Dorris, Emma R / O'Neill, Amanda / Treacy, Ann / Klocker, Helmut / Teltsh, Omri / Kay, Elaine / Watson, R William

    Oncotarget

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 9, Page(s) 846–857

    Abstract: Metastatic prostate cancer is treated with androgen ablation therapy but progress to castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This study aimed to investigate the role of CUX1 in CRPC using clinical samples ... ...

    Abstract Metastatic prostate cancer is treated with androgen ablation therapy but progress to castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This study aimed to investigate the role of CUX1 in CRPC using clinical samples and
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2560162-3
    ISSN 1949-2553 ; 1949-2553
    ISSN (online) 1949-2553
    ISSN 1949-2553
    DOI 10.18632/oncotarget.27494
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Feature fusion of Raman chemical imaging and digital histopathology using machine learning for prostate cancer detection.

    Doherty, Trevor / McKeever, Susan / Al-Attar, Nebras / Murphy, Tiarnán / Aura, Claudia / Rahman, Arman / O'Neill, Amanda / Finn, Stephen P / Kay, Elaine / Gallagher, William M / Watson, R William G / Gowen, Aoife / Jackman, Patrick

    The Analyst

    2021  Volume 146, Issue 13, Page(s) 4195–4211

    Abstract: The diagnosis of prostate cancer is challenging due to the heterogeneity of its presentations, leading to the over diagnosis and treatment of non-clinically important disease. Accurate diagnosis can directly benefit a patient's quality of life and ... ...

    Abstract The diagnosis of prostate cancer is challenging due to the heterogeneity of its presentations, leading to the over diagnosis and treatment of non-clinically important disease. Accurate diagnosis can directly benefit a patient's quality of life and prognosis. Towards addressing this issue, we present a learning model for the automatic identification of prostate cancer. While many prostate cancer studies have adopted Raman spectroscopy approaches, none have utilised the combination of Raman Chemical Imaging (RCI) and other imaging modalities. This study uses multimodal images formed from stained Digital Histopathology (DP) and unstained RCI. The approach was developed and tested on a set of 178 clinical samples from 32 patients, containing a range of non-cancerous, Gleason grade 3 (G3) and grade 4 (G4) tissue microarray samples. For each histological sample, there is a pathologist labelled DP-RCI image pair. The hypothesis tested was whether multimodal image models can outperform single modality baseline models in terms of diagnostic accuracy. Binary non-cancer/cancer models and the more challenging G3/G4 differentiation were investigated. Regarding G3/G4 classification, the multimodal approach achieved a sensitivity of 73.8% and specificity of 88.1% while the baseline DP model showed a sensitivity and specificity of 54.1% and 84.7% respectively. The multimodal approach demonstrated a statistically significant 12.7% AUC advantage over the baseline with a value of 85.8% compared to 73.1%, also outperforming models based solely on RCI and mean and median Raman spectra. Feature fusion of DP and RCI does not improve the more trivial task of tumour identification but does deliver an observed advantage in G3/G4 discrimination. Building on these promising findings, future work could include the acquisition of larger datasets for enhanced model generalization.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Machine Learning ; Male ; Neoplasm Grading ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Quality of Life
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 210747-8
    ISSN 1364-5528 ; 0003-2654
    ISSN (online) 1364-5528
    ISSN 0003-2654
    DOI 10.1039/d1an00075f
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  6. Article ; Online: NUP98 - a novel predictor of response to anthracycline-based chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer.

    Mullan, Paul B / Bingham, Victoria / Haddock, Paula / Irwin, Gareth W / Kay, Elaine / McQuaid, Stephen / Buckley, Niamh E

    BMC cancer

    2019  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 236

    Abstract: Background: Triple Negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a poor outcome subgroup of breast cancer defined based on the absence of expression of ERα and PR and HER2 amplification. These hard to treat cancers lack targeted treatment options and are therefore ... ...

    Abstract Background: Triple Negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a poor outcome subgroup of breast cancer defined based on the absence of expression of ERα and PR and HER2 amplification. These hard to treat cancers lack targeted treatment options and are therefore treated with a standard of care (SoC) generic cocktail of DNA damaging chemotherapy, with a wide range of clinical responses. While a subset of TNBC patients respond very well to this treatment, others receive no clinical benefit and die from their disease within a short time period. We currently lack biomarkers to prospectively identify patients likely to relapse and we lack alternate treatment options.
    Methods: NUP98 protein expression was investigated in patient samples using two independent tissue microarrays (TMAs), as well as a normal breast TMA. Correlation with pathological response to various chemotherapy regimens was investigated.
    Results: We have shown that high NUP98 is significantly associated with poor outcome in TNBC patient samples both by gene expression and IHC-based protein analysis. While trends linking NUP98 expression with poorer outcomes were observed in breast cancer overall (and more specifically in the LuminalB Her2- subgroup), significant correlations were observed in TNBC. This appeared to be specific to anthracycline based regimens as the association between NUP98 and response was not observed in patients treated with taxane-based chemotherapy.
    Conclusions: We have identified a novel biomarker, NUP98, that can predict response to anthracycline based chemotherapy in TNBC. The ability to prospectively identify patients who are less likely to respond to SoC chemotherapy is a vital step in improving the overall survival of these patients.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anthracyclines/pharmacology ; Anthracyclines/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Bridged-Ring Compounds/pharmacology ; Bridged-Ring Compounds/therapeutic use ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/genetics ; Taxoids/pharmacology ; Taxoids/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Anthracyclines ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins ; Taxoids ; nuclear pore complex protein 98 ; taxane (1605-68-1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1471-2407
    ISSN (online) 1471-2407
    DOI 10.1186/s12885-019-5407-9
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  7. Article: Development of a Novel Weighted Ranking Method for Immunohistochemical Quantification of a Heterogeneously Expressed Protein in Gastro-Esophageal Cancers.

    Richards, Cathy E / Sheehan, Katherine M / Kay, Elaine W / Hedner, Charlotta / Borg, David / Fay, Joanna / O'Grady, Anthony / Hill, Arnold D K / Jirström, Karin / Hopkins, Ann M

    Cancers

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 6

    Abstract: High expression of Junctional Adhesion Molecule-A (JAM-A) has been linked with poor prognosis in several cancers, including breast cancers overexpressing the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). Furthermore, JAM-A expression has been linked ... ...

    Abstract High expression of Junctional Adhesion Molecule-A (JAM-A) has been linked with poor prognosis in several cancers, including breast cancers overexpressing the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). Furthermore, JAM-A expression has been linked with regulating that of HER2, and associated with the development of resistance to HER2-targeted therapies in breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to establish a potential relationship between JAM-A and HER2 in HER2-overexpressing gastro-esophageal (GE) cancers. Interrogation of gene expression datasets revealed that high JAM-A mRNA expression was associated with poorer survival in HER2-positive gastric cancer patients. However, high intra-tumoral heterogeneity of JAM-A protein expression was noted upon immunohistochemical scoring of a GE cancer tissue microarray (TMA), precluding a simple confirmation of any relationship between JAM-A and HER2 at protein level. However, in a test-set of 25 full-face GE cancer tissue sections, a novel weighted ranking system proved effective in capturing JAM-A intra-tumoral heterogeneity and confirming statistically significant correlations between JAM-A/HER2 expression. Given the growing importance of immunohistochemistry in stratifying cancer patients for the receipt of new targeted therapies, this may sound a cautionary note against over-relying on cancer TMAs in biomarker discovery studies of heterogeneously expressed proteins. It also highlights a timely need to develop validated mechanisms of capturing intra-tumoral heterogeneity to aid in future biomarker/therapeutic target development for the benefit of cancer patients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers13061286
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  8. Article: Predictive modelling of response to neoadjuvant therapy in HER2+ breast cancer.

    Cosgrove, Nicola / Eustace, Alex J / O'Donovan, Peter / Madden, Stephen F / Moran, Bruce / Crown, John / Moulton, Brian / Morris, Patrick G / Grogan, Liam / Breathnach, Oscar / Power, Colm / Allen, Michael / Walshe, Janice M / Hill, Arnold D / Blümel, Anna / O'Connor, Darren / Das, Sudipto / Milewska, Małgorzata / Fay, Joanna /
    Kay, Elaine / Toomey, Sinead / Hennessy, Bryan T / Furney, Simon J

    NPJ breast cancer

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 72

    Abstract: HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer accounts for 20-25% of all breast cancers. Predictive biomarkers of neoadjuvant therapy response are needed to better identify patients with early stage disease who may benefit from tailored treatments in the adjuvant ... ...

    Abstract HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer accounts for 20-25% of all breast cancers. Predictive biomarkers of neoadjuvant therapy response are needed to better identify patients with early stage disease who may benefit from tailored treatments in the adjuvant setting. As part of the TCHL phase-II clinical trial (ICORG10-05/NCT01485926) whole exome DNA sequencing was carried out on normal-tumour pairs collected from 22 patients. Here we report predictive modelling of neoadjuvant therapy response using clinicopathological and genomic features of pre-treatment tumour biopsies identified age, estrogen receptor (ER) status and level of immune cell infiltration may together be important for predicting response. Clonal evolution analysis of longitudinally collected tumour samples show subclonal diversity and dynamics are evident with potential therapy resistant subclones detected. The sources of greater pre-treatment immunogenicity associated with a pathological complete response is largely unexplored in HER2+ tumours. However, here we point to the possibility of APOBEC associated mutagenesis, specifically in the ER-neg/HER2+ subtype as a potential mediator of this immunogenic phenotype.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2374-4677
    ISSN 2374-4677
    DOI 10.1038/s41523-023-00572-9
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  9. Article ; Online: Mucin Pools Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer: A Marker of Response or Epiphenomenon?

    Reynolds, Ian S / O'Connell, Emer / Fichtner, Michael / Kay, Elaine W / McNamara, Deborah A / Prehn, Jochen H M / Burke, John P

    The American journal of surgical pathology

    2019  Volume 44, Issue 2, Page(s) 280–287

    Abstract: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. Morphologic changes such as fibrosis, inflammatory infiltrates, and the formation of extracellular mucin pools can be identified in the resection specimen ... ...

    Abstract Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. Morphologic changes such as fibrosis, inflammatory infiltrates, and the formation of extracellular mucin pools can be identified in the resection specimen after neoadjuvant CRT. The association of mucin pool formation with clinicopathologic variables and outcomes is unclear. The aim of this study was to meta-analyze all available evidence with regard to mucin pool formation and clinicopathologic outcomes following neoadjuvant CRT for rectal cancer. A comprehensive search for published studies analyzing outcomes between patients who formed mucin pools and patients who did not following neoadjuvant CRT for rectal cancer was performed. A random-effects model was used to combine the data. This study adhered to the recommendations of the MOOSE (Meta-analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. Data from 11 studies describing 1947 patients were included. Mucin pool formation was not associated with sex, T stage, N stage, tumor regression, pathologic complete response rate, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, differentiation, margin status, local or distant recurrence, and disease-free or overall survival. Mucin pool formation is not associated with tumor response or downstaging; furthermore, on the basis of these data, it is not associated with local or systemic recurrence rate or survival.
    MeSH term(s) Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/metabolism ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/mortality ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/therapy ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; Mucins/metabolism ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Rectal Neoplasms/metabolism ; Rectal Neoplasms/mortality ; Rectal Neoplasms/pathology ; Rectal Neoplasms/therapy ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; Mucins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 752964-8
    ISSN 1532-0979 ; 0147-5185
    ISSN (online) 1532-0979
    ISSN 0147-5185
    DOI 10.1097/PAS.0000000000001373
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  10. Article ; Online: An Insight Into the Driver Mutations and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Rectum.

    Reynolds, Ian S / O'Connell, Emer / Fichtner, Michael / Blümel, Anna / Mason, Sam E / Kinross, James / McNamara, Deborah A / Kay, Elaine W / O'Connor, Darran P / Das, Sudipto / Burke, John P / Prehn, Jochen H M

    Diseases of the colon and rectum

    2021  Volume 64, Issue 6, Page(s) 677–688

    Abstract: Background: Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the rectum accounts for 10% of all rectal cancers and has an impaired response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and worse overall survival. To date, insufficient genomic research has been performed on this ... ...

    Abstract Background: Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the rectum accounts for 10% of all rectal cancers and has an impaired response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and worse overall survival. To date, insufficient genomic research has been performed on this histological subtype.
    Objective: This study aims to define the mismatch repair deficiency rate and the driver mutations underpinning mucinous adenocarcinoma of the rectum and to compare it with rectal adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified.
    Design: Immunohistochemistry and sequencing were performed on tumor samples from our tumor biobank.
    Settings: This study was conducted across 2 tertiary referral centers.
    Patients: Patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma and rectal adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified who underwent rectal resection between 2008 and 2018 were included.
    Main outcome measures: Mismatch repair status was performed by immunohistochemical staining. Mutations in the panel of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes were determined by sequencing on the MiSeq V3 platform.
    Results: The study included 33 patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the rectum and 100 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified. Those with mucinous adenocarcinoma had a mismatch repair deficiency rate of 12.1% compared to 2.0% in the adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified cohort (p = 0.04). Mucinous adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified rectal tumors had similar mutation frequencies in most oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. No difference was found in the KRAS mutation rate (50.0% vs 37.1%, p = 0.29) or BRAF mutation rate (6.7% vs 3.1%, p = 0.34) between the cohorts. No difference was found between the cohorts regarding recurrence-free (p = 0.29) or overall survival (p = 0.14).
    Limitations: The major limitations of this study were the use of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue over fresh-frozen tissue and the small number of patients included, in particular, in the mucinous rectal cohort.
    Conclusions: Most mucinous rectal tumors develop and progress along the chromosomal instability pathway. Further research in the form of transcriptomics, proteomics, and analysis of the effects of the mucin barrier may yield valuable insights into the mechanisms of resistance to chemoradiotherapy in this cohort. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B464.
    Una percepcin sobre mutaciones impulsoras y mecanismos moleculares subyacentes al adenocarcinoma mucinoso del recto: ANTECEDENTES:El adenocarcinoma mucinoso del recto, representa el 10% de todos los cánceres rectales y tiene una respuesta deficiente a la quimioradioterapia neoadyuvante y una peor supervivencia en general. A la fecha, se han realizado muy pocas investigaciones genómicas sobre este subtipo histológico.OBJETIVO:Definir la tasa de deficiencia en la reparación de desajustes y mutaciones impulsoras, que sustentan el adenocarcinoma mucinoso del recto y compararlo con el adenocarcinoma rectal no especificado de otra manera.DISEÑO:Se realizaron inmunohistoquímica y secuenciación en muestras tumorales de nuestro biobanco de tumores.AJUSTE:El estudio se realizó en dos centros de referencia terciarios.PACIENTES:Se incluyeron pacientes con adenocarcinoma mucinoso y adenocarcinoma no especificado de otra manera, sometidos a resección rectal entre 2008 y 2018.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:El estado de reparación de desajustes se realizó mediante tinción inmunohistoquímica. Las mutaciones en el panel de oncogenes y genes supresores de tumores, se determinaron mediante secuenciación en la plataforma MiSeq V3.RESULTADOS:El estudio incluyó a 33 pacientes con adenocarcinoma mucinoso del recto y 100 pacientes con adenocarcinoma del recto no especificado de otra manera. Aquellos con adenocarcinoma mucinoso, tenían una tasa de deficiencia de reparación de desajustes del 12,1% en comparación con el 2,0% en la cohorte de adenocarcinoma no especificado de otra manera (p = 0,04). El adenocarcinoma mucinoso y el adenocarcinoma no especificado de otra manera, tuvieron frecuencias de mutación similares en la mayoría de los oncogenes y genes supresores de tumores. No se encontraron diferencias en la tasa de mutación de KRAS (50,0% frente a 37,1%, p = 0,29) o la tasa de mutación de BRAF (6,7% frente a 3,1%, p = 0,34) entre las cohortes. No se encontraron diferencias entre las cohortes con respecto a la supervivencia libre de recurrencia (p = 0,29) o la supervivencia global (p = 0,14).LIMITACIONES:Las mayores limitaciones de este estudio, fueron el uso de tejido embebido en parafina y fijado con formalina, sobre el tejido fresco congelado y el pequeño número de pacientes incluidos, particularmente en la cohorte mucinoso rectal.CONCLUSIONES:La mayoría de los tumores rectales mucinosos se desarrollan y progresan a lo largo de la vía de inestabilidad cromosómica. La investigación adicional en forma transcriptómica, proteómica y análisis de los efectos de la barrera de la mucina, puede proporcionar información valiosa sobre los mecanismos de resistencia a la quimioradioterapia, en esta cohorte. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B464.
    MeSH term(s) Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis ; Adenocarcinoma/genetics ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/diagnosis ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/genetics ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; DNA Mismatch Repair/genetics ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics ; Female ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry/methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Biology/methods ; Mutation ; Neoadjuvant Therapy/statistics & numerical data ; Neoplasm Staging ; Oncogenes/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/genetics ; Rectal Neoplasms/pathology ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery ; Whole Genome Sequencing/methods
    Chemical Substances KRAS protein, human ; BRAF protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) (EC 3.6.5.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Video-Audio Media
    ZDB-ID 212581-x
    ISSN 1530-0358 ; 0012-3706
    ISSN (online) 1530-0358
    ISSN 0012-3706
    DOI 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001825
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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