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Article ; Online: Paroxysmal Tonic Spasm in a Patient with the Sudden Zolpidem Withdrawal: A Case Report.

Keighobadi, Masoud / Karimi, Narges

Clinical neuropsychiatry

2021 Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) 314–316

Abstract: Zolpidem is an imidazopyridine derivative and a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug. There are several case reports of zolpidem abuse or dependence and zolpidem withdrawal. This study reports a case of paroxysmal tonic spasm (PTS) after abrupt withdrawal of ...

Abstract	Zolpidem is an imidazopyridine derivative and a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug. There are several case reports of zolpidem abuse or dependence and zolpidem withdrawal. This study reports a case of paroxysmal tonic spasm (PTS) after abrupt withdrawal of high dose zolpidem. The case was a 21-year- old male patient with complaints of acute involuntary and painful spasms of all extremities after the sudden withdrawal of taking supratherapeutic zolpidem. In his medical records, He had the history of insomnia and psychiatric disorder . The patient's symptoms improved with intravenous injection of 10 mg diazepam slowly and zolpidem was tapered gradually. This case report indicates that zolpidem has a dependency and abusage properties. To the best of our knowledge , this is the first report of zolpidem withdrawal with PTS.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-10
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2385-0787
ISSN (online)	2385-0787
DOI	10.36131/cnfioritieditore20200507
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Article ; Online: The Potential Role of the Serotonin Transporter as a Drug Target against Parasitic Infections: A Scoping Review of the Literature.

Montazeri, Mahbobeh / Fakhar, Mahdi / Keighobadi, Masoud

Recent advances in anti-infective drug discovery

2022 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 23–33

Abstract: Background: Several in vitro and in vivo biological activities of serotonin, 5- hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), as a bioactive molecule, and its transporter (5-HT-Tr) were evaluated in parasitic infections.: Objective: Herein, the roles of 5-HT and 5-HTR ... ...

Abstract	Background: Several in vitro and in vivo biological activities of serotonin, 5- hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), as a bioactive molecule, and its transporter (5-HT-Tr) were evaluated in parasitic infections. Objective: Herein, the roles of 5-HT and 5-HTR in helminths and protozoan infections with medical and veterinary importance are reviewed. Methods: We searched information in 4 main databases and reviewed published literature about the serotonin transporter's role as a promising therapeutic target against pathogenic parasitic infections between 2000 and 2021. Results: Based on recent investigations, 5-HT and 5-HT-Tr play various roles in parasite infections, including biological function, metabolic activity, organism motility, parasite survival, and immune response modulation. Moreover, some of the 5-HT-TR in Schistosoma mansoni showed an excess of favorite substrates for biogenic amine 5-HT compared to their mammalian hosts. Furthermore, the main neuronal protein related to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) was identified in S. mansoni and Echinococcus granulosus, playing main roles in these parasites. In addition, 5-HT increased in toxoplasmosis, giardiasis, and Chagas disease. On the other hand, in Plasmodium spp., different forms of targeted 5-HTR stimulate Ca Conclusion: This review summarized the several functional roles of the 5-HT and the importance of the 5-HT-TR as a drug target with minimal harm to the host to fight against helminths and protozoan infections. Hopefully, this review will shed light on research regarding serotonin transporter-based therapies as a potential drug target soon.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biogenic Amines ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Helminths/metabolism ; Inositol ; Mammals/metabolism ; Parasitic Diseases ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Biogenic Amines ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; Serotonin (333DO1RDJY) ; Inositol (4L6452S749) ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.11)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-04
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2772-4352
ISSN (online)	2772-4352
DOI	10.2174/1574891X16666220304232301
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Article ; Online: Credible Serological Evidence of Latent Toxoplasma Infection Among Women with Primary Infertility: A Ten-Year Registry-Based Study.

Zamaniyan, Marzieh / Fakhar, Mahdi / Tabaripour, Rabeeh / Peivandi, Saloumeh / Keighobadi, Masoud / Ghasemi, Samira / Montazeri, Mahbobeh

Acta parasitologica

2023 Volume 68, Issue 2, Page(s) 400–405

Abstract: Background: Some evidence reveled that chronic infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) has recently been associated with infertility in human and experimental model. This baseline study aimed to investigate serological evidence of Toxoplasma ... ...

Abstract	Background: Some evidence reveled that chronic infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) has recently been associated with infertility in human and experimental model. This baseline study aimed to investigate serological evidence of Toxoplasma infection among infertile women who admitted to the in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinic at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran province, Sari, northern Iran. Subjects and methods: In this retrospective (descriptive-analytical) study, all infertile women referred to the IVF clinic during 2010-2019 (10 years), constitute the study population. All data including demographic and some related characteristics were collected into a questionnaire and registered at the Iranian National Registry Center for Toxoplasmosis (INRCT) at the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, northern Iran. The existence of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies (IgG and IgM) was explored using a commercially available enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) kit (PishtazTeb, Iran), based on the manufacturer's protocol. Results: Of 520 infertile women, anti-T. gondii IgG, IgM and both IgG and IgM antibodies were detected among 342/520 (65.77%), 1/520 (0.19) and 4/520 (0.77) infertile women, respectively. Primary and secondary infertility was detected in 74.56% and 25.44% of IgG seropositive infertile women, respectively. Also, most of the IgG seropositive subjects had no history of abortion, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO), fibroma, contraceptive use and varicocele in spouse as primary cause of infertility. Furthermore, serum levels of prolactin and antimullerian (AMH) hormones were normal in 81.29 and 80.12% of infertile women with anti- T. gondii IgG, respectively. There was also a statistically significant difference between the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection and these variables associated to primary infertility (P < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the high prevalence (about two thirds) of chronic T. gondii infection among infertile women, particularly those with a history of abortion and primary infertility, it can be concluded that latent Toxoplasma infection pose a risk to infertile woman in the study area. Therefore, we advise that screening and treatment of Toxoplasma infection among infertile women must be favorably considered.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Toxoplasma ; Retrospective Studies ; Infertility, Female/epidemiology ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Iran/epidemiology ; Toxoplasmosis/complications ; Toxoplasmosis/epidemiology ; Antibodies, Protozoan ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Protozoan ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1132735-2
ISSN	1896-1851 ; 0065-1478 ; 1230-2821
ISSN (online)	1896-1851
ISSN	0065-1478 ; 1230-2821
DOI	10.1007/s11686-023-00677-y
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Article ; Online: Promising Anti-Protozoan Activities of Propolis (Bee Glue) as Natural Product: A Review.

Asfaram, Shabnam / Fakhar, Mahdi / Keighobadi, Masoud / Akhtari, Javad

Acta parasitologica

2020 Volume 66, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–12

Abstract: Purpose: Propolis (bee glue) is a resinous mixture of different plant exudates that possesses a wide range of biological and antimicrobial activities and has been used as a food supplement and in complementary medicine for centuries. Some researchers ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Propolis (bee glue) is a resinous mixture of different plant exudates that possesses a wide range of biological and antimicrobial activities and has been used as a food supplement and in complementary medicine for centuries. Some researchers have proposed that propolis could be a potential curative compound against microbial agents such as protozoan parasitic infections by different and occasionally unknown mechanisms due to the immunoregulatory function and antioxidant capacity of this natural product. Methods: In this review, we concentrate on in vitro and in vivo anti-protozoan activities of propolis extracts/fractions in the published literature. Results: In Leishmania, propolis inhibits the proliferation of promastigotes and produces an anti-inflammatory effect via the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production. In addition, it increases macrophage activation, TLR-2, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-17 production, and downregulation of IL-12. In Plasmodium and Trypanosoma, propolis inhibits the parasitemia, improving anemia and increasing the IFN-γ, TNF-α, and GM-CSF cytokines levels, most likely due to its strong immunomodulatory activity. Moreover, propolis extract arrests proliferation of T. cruzi, because it has aromatic acids and flavonoids. In toxoplasmosis, propolis increases the specific IgM and IgG titers via decreasing the serum IFN-γ, IL-1, and IL-6 cytokines levels in the rats infected with T. gondii. In Cryptosporidium and Giardia, it decreases oocysts shedding due to phytochemical constituents, particularly phenolic compounds, and increases the number of goblet cells. Propolis inhibits the growth of Blastocystis, possibly by apoptotic mechanisms like metronidazole. Unfortunately, the mechanism action of propolis' anti-Trichomonas and anti-Acanthamoeba is not well-known yet. Conclusion: Reviewing the related literature could highlight promising antimicrobial activities of propolis against intracellular and extracellular protozoan parasites; this could shed light on the exploration of more effective drugs for the treatment of protozoan parasitic infections in the near future.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biological Products ; Cryptosporidiosis ; Cryptosporidium ; Cytokines ; Propolis/pharmacology ; Rats
Chemical Substances	Biological Products ; Cytokines ; Propolis (9009-62-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1132735-2
ISSN	1896-1851 ; 0065-1478 ; 1230-2821
ISSN (online)	1896-1851
ISSN	0065-1478 ; 1230-2821
DOI	10.1007/s11686-020-00254-7
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Article ; Online: Aurothiomalate-Based Drugs as Potentially Novel Agents Against Leishmania major: A Mini Review.

Davoodi, Ali / Eslami, Shahram / Fakhar, Mahdi / Aazadbakht, Mohammad / Montazeri, Mahbobeh / Khoshvishkaie, Elnaz / Keighobadi, Masoud

Acta parasitologica

2022 Volume 67, Issue 2, Page(s) 640–647

Abstract: Purpose: Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem worldwide in many parts of the world. Current anti-leishmanial drugs have only limited clinical efficacy. Aurothiomalate derivatives are useful for treating rheumatoid arthritis, but have emerged ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem worldwide in many parts of the world. Current anti-leishmanial drugs have only limited clinical efficacy. Aurothiomalate derivatives are useful for treating rheumatoid arthritis, but have emerged as a promising therapeutic candidate for leishmaniasis. This paper gives a review of the literature about the usefulness of aurothiomalate derivatives against leishmaniasis. Methods: In this study, we reviewed the proposed mechanisms of action of aurothiomalate and related compounds on the metabolism of L. major and collected data by searching relevant articles. Results: Aurothiomalate-based drugs could be effective against leishmaniasis through two direct and indirect mechanisms: first, cytotoxic effects on parasites via thiomalate's false substrate role in the citric acid cycle against malate; and second, immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects of aurothiomalate derivatives with prostaglandin production inhibitory effects. Conclusions: The current study documented that aurothiomalate-based drugs could be effective against leishmaniasis through two direct and indirect mechanisms of action. Gold thiomalate as a promising hit should be evaluated against L. major in vitro and in vivo conditions in the future.
MeSH term(s)	Gold Sodium Thiomalate/metabolism ; Gold Sodium Thiomalate/pharmacology ; Gold Sodium Thiomalate/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leishmania major ; Leishmaniasis/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Gold Sodium Thiomalate (12244-57-4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1132735-2
ISSN	1896-1851 ; 0065-1478 ; 1230-2821
ISSN (online)	1896-1851
ISSN	0065-1478 ; 1230-2821
DOI	10.1007/s11686-022-00536-2
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Article ; Online: Status of human cystic echinococcosis based on hospital records in Mazandaran Province: A first registry-based evidence.

Tabaripour, Rabeeh / Sharifpour, Ali / Fakhar, Mahdi / Asadi, Samira / Esmaeili Reykandeh, Samira / Montazeri, Mahbobeh / Keighobadi, Masoud

Parasite epidemiology and control

2023 Volume 22, Page(s) e00314

Abstract: Background: Human cystic echinococcosis, as an emerging neglected parasitic disease, is caused by tapeworms of the genus : Methods: Data were collected from hospital records that were accessible via the hospital information system (HIS) between 2005 ... ...

Abstract	Background: Human cystic echinococcosis, as an emerging neglected parasitic disease, is caused by tapeworms of the genus Methods: Data were collected from hospital records that were accessible via the hospital information system (HIS) between 2005 and 2019 (15 years).The demographic information (age, sex, living area, and occupation), dog contact, number of the cysts, types of organs involved, and history of disease recurrence were assessed. Results: One hundred twenty-one patients with human cystic echinococcosis (CE) were involved in the study, from whom 58 patients (47.93%) were male and 63 (52.07%) were female. The majority of patients were rural residents (64.46%) and also housewife (28.10%). Based on the results, only about 16.53% of the patients had history of close contacts with dogs. The liver was the organ involved in the most cases of CE. There were statistically significant differences between residence, occupation, history of close contacts with dogs, type of organs involved, number of cysts and history of disease recurrence ( Conclusions: Our data provides valuable registry-based information about CE in an endemic region. The data highlights that most patients lived in rural areas and were housewives. Additionally, they had a low rate of disease recurrence but a high rate of close contact with dogs. Moreover, further monitoring on registry-based program and strengthening the HIS in the provincial hospitals in the studied area are required.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2405-6731
ISSN (online)	2405-6731
DOI	10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00314
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Article: The endosymbiotic role of intestinal helminths in multiple sclerosis: Promising probiotic hypothesis.

Karimi, Narges / Fakhar, Mahdi / Keighobadi, Masoud

Tropical parasitology

2019 Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 131–132

Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-18
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2229-5070
ISSN	2229-5070
DOI	10.4103/tp.TP_4_15
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Article: Global status of neglected human Linguatula infection: a systematic review of published case reports

Tabaripour, Rabeeh / Keighobadi, Masoud / Sharifpour, Ali / Azadeh, Hossein / Shokri, Azar / Banimostafavi, Elham Sadat / Fakhar, Mahdi / Abedi, Soodeh

Parasitology research. 2021 Sept., v. 120, no. 9

2021

Abstract: Human linguatulosis is a rare but highly specialized pentastomid parasitic infection all around the world. The disease is caused by worm-like parasites which share some morphologic features of arthropods and annelids. The life cycle of Linguatula spp. is ...

Abstract	Human linguatulosis is a rare but highly specialized pentastomid parasitic infection all around the world. The disease is caused by worm-like parasites which share some morphologic features of arthropods and annelids. The life cycle of Linguatula spp. is provided as an example of pentastomid biology. The adult forms of Linguatula spp. are found in the nasal passages and frontal sinuses of dogs and other canids, domestic animals, and humans. Infestation may occur in the viscera, where immature forms develop in the liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, or in the nasopharyngeal area. This review includes previous studies on the genus Linguatula in Iran and other countries from 1940 to 2019. Considering a few reports of human infestation, a comprehensive search was performed on both English and Persian databases for publications reporting human cases all around the world. Finally, 30 papers of 62 human cases were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 25.8 years (varied from 8 to 79 years). Altogether, 41 (66.1%) and 21 (33.9%) of the patients were female and male respectively. The maximum cases (n = 25) were from Sudan. Nasopharynx was the most frequently involved organ in human cases. Our findings offer that physicians should consider the Linguatula infection in patients with complaints like unexpected dysphagia, with coughing, sneezing, and vomiting, after consuming raw/undercooked contaminated ruminant’s viscera.
Keywords	Annelida ; Canidae ; Pentastomida ; adults ; dysphagia ; females ; humans ; liver ; males ; nasopharynx ; parasitology ; parasitoses ; research ; ruminants ; spleen ; systematic review ; Iran ; Sudan
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-09
Size	p. 3045-3050.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
Note	Review
ZDB-ID	284966-5
ISSN	1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
ISSN (online)	1432-1955
ISSN	0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
DOI	10.1007/s00436-021-07272-y
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Scientometric Analysis of Global Research on Trichomoniasis in Scopus Database (1922 -2018).

Keighobadi, Masoud / Hezarjaribi, Hajar Ziaei / Khasseh, Ali Akbar / Soosaraei, Masoud / Asadi, Samira / Fakhar, Mahdi

Infectious disorders drug targets

2020 Volume 21, Issue 4, Page(s) 582–594

Abstract: Background: Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevalent in different parts of the world. The present study was designed to evaluate the scientific output and collaboration of researchers worldwide on trichomoniasis.: Methods: In ... ...

Abstract	Background: Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevalent in different parts of the world. The present study was designed to evaluate the scientific output and collaboration of researchers worldwide on trichomoniasis. Methods: In the present scientometric research, all papers conducted on Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) published in the time period of 1922 to 2018 were extracted from the Scopus database and evaluated according to the aims of the research, using scientometric software. Results: The results of this search strategy were the retrieval of 12,596 scientific papers authored by a total of 28,822 people during 97 years (1922-2018). Research in this field has encountered success and failure over the years. The first article on trichomoniasis at the Scopus database was published by Musgrave W.E. (1922) in the "Journal of the American Medical Association". Most papers on this subject (352) were published in 2013; and the years 2017 and 2016 are ranked second and third. Researchers from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have the highest number of papers in this field (210). Alderete J.F. with 111 papers is the most active researcher on trichomoniasis in Scopus. Also, researchers from the US ranked the first with 3,236 papers. In Iran, by the end of 2018, 138 papers on trichomoniasis have been registered in Scopus, which accounts for only one percent of the world's science production in this field. Discussion and conclusion: The results following about one century indicated that the number of publications on T. vaginalis is growing and that there is a high level of collaboration among researchers in this field. Moreover, many countries have collaborated internationally on trichomoniasis research with the US as the leading country.
MeSH term(s)	Bibliometrics ; Databases, Factual ; Humans ; Iran ; Trichomonas Infections/epidemiology ; Trichomonas vaginalis
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-01
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2234298-9
ISSN	2212-3989 ; 1871-5265
ISSN (online)	2212-3989
ISSN	1871-5265
DOI	10.2174/1871526520666200804161110
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Article ; Online: A Systematic Literature Review of Curcumin with Promising Antileishmanial Activity.

Saberi, Reza / Fakhar, Mahdi / Asfaram, Shabnam / Akhtari, Javad / Nakhaei, Maryam / Keighobadi, Masoud

Infectious disorders drug targets

2020 Volume 21, Issue 3, Page(s) 363–369

Abstract: Background: Curcumin (CUR) is a bright yellow chemical and it is used as an additive in foods. Recently CUR and its associated bioactive compounds have received much attention in the literature review. The aim of this systematic review is to overview ... ...

Abstract	Background: Curcumin (CUR) is a bright yellow chemical and it is used as an additive in foods. Recently CUR and its associated bioactive compounds have received much attention in the literature review. The aim of this systematic review is to overview the antileishmanial properties of CUR and its mechanism; perhaps the results of this study will be used for therapeutic and preventive purposes. Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, international databases were systematically searched for studies published until September 2019. Articles related to the subject were selected and included in this systematic review. Results: A total of 15 articles met our eligibility criteria. Then, the effect of CUR and its associated bioactive compounds on Leishmania species was evaluated. In most studies, CUR/derivatives were tested on L. major and in vitro condition. Most investigations were conducted on the promastigote rather than the more relevant intracellular amastigote stage. Our results showed that CUR overcomes the inhibitory effect of nitric oxide (NO) on Leishmania parasites. Conclusion: This review indicated that CUR derivatives, instead of CUR alone showed a high potential to serve as an effective herbal drug against leishmaniasis. Moreover, we concluded that the antileishmanial activity of CUR/bioactive compounds is mostly due to increased oxidative stress and apoptosis.
MeSH term(s)	Antiprotozoal Agents/pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Curcumin/pharmacology ; Curcumin/poisoning ; Leishmania ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
Chemical Substances	Antiprotozoal Agents ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Curcumin (IT942ZTH98)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-25
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2234298-9
ISSN	2212-3989 ; 1871-5265
ISSN (online)	2212-3989
ISSN	1871-5265
DOI	10.2174/1871526520666200525013458
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