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  1. Article ; Online: Substance use disorders, physical health and recovery capital: Examining the experiences of clients and the alcohol and other drug workforce.

    Osborne, Briony / Kelly, Peter J

    Drug and alcohol review

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 6, Page(s) 1410–1421

    Abstract: Introduction: Challenges associated with the integration of physical health within alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment services persist. The construct of recovery capital has gained currency within the sector, however, its potential in understanding ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Challenges associated with the integration of physical health within alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment services persist. The construct of recovery capital has gained currency within the sector, however, its potential in understanding the integration of physical health within AOD treatment has not been examined. This study explores the role of physical health in the process of recovery, examining the potential of 'recovery capital' frameworks to enhance integrated care.
    Methods: Interviews were conducted with residential and outpatient AOD services across New South Wales, Australia. Qualitative data was collected from clients (n = 20) and staff (n = 13) and transcribed. Data were systematically coded and analysed using the iterative categorisation method.
    Results: Unmanaged physical health issues compromised recovery, particularly when associated with hopelessness and pain. Improved physical health ameliorated sources of negative recovery capital such as boredom, social isolation and mental health symptoms. When addressed during treatment, physical health facilitated recovery capital resources through knowledge and skill acquisition, increased autonomy, enjoyment and immersive experience. Benefits extended to domains of 'social capital' (social connection) and 'cultural capital' (physical appearance).
    Discussion and conclusions: Physical health offers variegated pathways for building recovery capital. Findings support calls for a more assertive approach to addressing physical health when AOD treatment occurs outside of primary care settings. Future research should examine the potential of recovery capital as a heuristic for optimising care of physical health issues and health-related behaviour within AOD treatment services.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Australia ; New South Wales ; Substance-Related Disorders/therapy ; Substance-Related Disorders/psychology ; Social Isolation ; Workforce
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1080442-0
    ISSN 1465-3362 ; 0959-5236
    ISSN (online) 1465-3362
    ISSN 0959-5236
    DOI 10.1111/dar.13689
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  2. Article ; Online: Goals and Reasons for Entering Inpatient Withdrawal Treatment, and Perceptions of Help Received.

    Wang, Jing / Deane, Frank P / Kelly, Peter J / D Robinson, Laura

    Journal of dual diagnosis

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 2-3, Page(s) 166–176

    Abstract: Objective: Abstinence has been the primary treatment goal for alcohol and other drug (AOD) users attending withdrawal treatment. However, other outcomes including harm reduction have also been identified. This observational study aimed to describe ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Abstinence has been the primary treatment goal for alcohol and other drug (AOD) users attending withdrawal treatment. However, other outcomes including harm reduction have also been identified. This observational study aimed to describe participants' goals and reasons for seeking inpatient withdrawal treatment and compare the needs of clients with comorbid mental health problems and those without.
    Methods: Participants completed questionnaires at intake and discharge. Questionnaires assessed reasons for entering withdrawal treatment, goals, comorbidity, and perceived help received.
    Results: The sample comprised 1746 participants (69.4% male). Participants endorsed diverse reasons for entering withdrawal treatment. The most and least endorsed reasons were "stop using" (97.9%) and "legal reasons" (43.1%). Comorbidity groups varied significantly in their endorsement of reasons for mental health, physical health, harm reduction, financial, and legal.
    Conclusion: AOD users enter withdrawal treatment with a variety of reasons and goals including harm reduction. Variations in rates of endorsement highlight the importance of identifying individual needs dependent on mental health comorbidity.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Goals ; Inpatients ; Alcohol Drinking ; Hospitalization ; Antisocial Personality Disorder
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2179549-6
    ISSN 1550-4271 ; 1550-4263
    ISSN (online) 1550-4271
    ISSN 1550-4263
    DOI 10.1080/15504263.2023.2221980
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  3. Article ; Online: A narrative review of outcome measures used in drug and alcohol inpatient withdrawal treatment research.

    Wang, Jing / Deane, Frank P / Kelly, Peter J / Robinson, Laura

    Drug and alcohol review

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 2, Page(s) 415–426

    Abstract: Issues: Assessing drug and alcohol inpatient withdrawal treatment programs is important, as these represent a first step of treatment among people with alcohol and drug problems. However, there are many ways of measuring outcomes making it difficult for ...

    Abstract Issues: Assessing drug and alcohol inpatient withdrawal treatment programs is important, as these represent a first step of treatment among people with alcohol and drug problems. However, there are many ways of measuring outcomes making it difficult for service providers to decide which domains and methods to use. This narrative review aims to clarify frequencies of the domains and methods used to assess withdrawal treatment outcomes.
    Approach: We reviewed published studies that examined outcomes of inpatient drug and alcohol withdrawal treatment. The types of outcome measures used and the frequency of use were summarised.
    Key findings: The review showed that assessment of withdrawal treatment outcomes goes beyond traditional abstinence measures. Outcomes mainly focus on biological and psychological outcomes, with social outcomes rarely measured. Even within outcome domains (e.g., cravings), there were many assessment methods.
    Implications: The review provides service providers with an outline of common outcome domains and measures. Given the importance of social functioning to recovery from alcohol and drug problems, greater emphasis on such measures is desirable. Future research could develop greater consensus on outcome measures for use in withdrawal management services to facilitate clarity around factors associated with treatment success.
    Conclusion: Outcome assessment in withdrawal treatment goes beyond abstinence to include holistic measurement of biological, psychological and some social outcomes; but more work needs to be done to cohere the different assessment methods and broaden the scope to include social functioning.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Alcoholism/therapy ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/therapy ; Inpatients ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-12
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1080442-0
    ISSN 1465-3362 ; 0959-5236
    ISSN (online) 1465-3362
    ISSN 0959-5236
    DOI 10.1111/dar.13591
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  4. Article ; Online: Organizational Update From the European Stroke Organization.

    Dichgans, Martin / Sandset, Else Charlotte / Kelly, Peter J

    Stroke

    2022  Volume 53, Issue 10, Page(s) e450–e452

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Organizations ; Stroke/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type News
    ZDB-ID 80381-9
    ISSN 1524-4628 ; 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    ISSN (online) 1524-4628
    ISSN 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    DOI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.039851
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  5. Article ; Online: Temporal exploration of the interpersonal theory of suicide among adolescents during treatment.

    Janackovski, Atanas / Deane, Frank P / Kelly, Peter J / Hains, Alex

    Journal of consulting and clinical psychology

    2022  Volume 90, Issue 9, Page(s) 682–695

    Abstract: Objective: The interpersonal theory of suicide (ITS) predicts perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and hopelessness lead to suicidal ideation and recommends burdensomeness and belongingness should be the targets of treatment. Limited ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The interpersonal theory of suicide (ITS) predicts perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and hopelessness lead to suicidal ideation and recommends burdensomeness and belongingness should be the targets of treatment. Limited research has tested if burdensomeness and belongingness temporally predict suicidal ideation during treatment. This study examined the bidirectional relationships between burdensomeness, belongingness, hopelessness, depression, and suicidal ideation in young people seeking treatment for suicide-related behaviors.
    Method: A sample of 638 Australian young people (69.3% females, Mage = 16.61 [SD = 2.99]) completed measures of burdensomeness, belongingness, hopelessness, depression, and suicidal ideation at each session of treatment (Msessions = 5.24 [SD = 2.16]). A random-intercept cross-lagged panel model examined the within-person direction of effects across the first five occasions of treatment.
    Results: Autoregressive paths showed hopelessness had carryover effects across all time points. All other variables had carryover effects at four time points. Cross-lagged paths varied, with suicidal ideation predicting depression, burdensomeness, and hopelessness. Belongingness, burdensomeness, and hopelessness predicted suicidal ideation on one occasion. Hopelessness predicted burdensomeness and depression at three time points and predicted belongingness on one occasion.
    Conclusions: Results are partially consistent with the ITS, but in contrast to the theory, the most consistent predictor of suicidal ideation was prior suicidal ideation. Prior levels of hopelessness, belongingness, and burdensomeness did influence suicidal ideation at some time points, but the most consistent effects were from hopelessness toward burdensomeness. Theoretical and treatment implications for these findings are discussed, particularly the need to directly address hopelessness in treatment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Interpersonal Relations ; Australia ; Suicide ; Suicidal Ideation ; Self Concept ; Psychological Theory ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121321-0
    ISSN 1939-2117 ; 0022-006X
    ISSN (online) 1939-2117
    ISSN 0022-006X
    DOI 10.1037/ccp0000758
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  6. Article ; Online: Suicidal ideation predicted by changes experienced from pre-treatment to 3-month postdischarge from residential substance use disorder treatment.

    Haynes, Chloe J / Deane, Frank P / Kelly, Peter J

    Journal of substance abuse treatment

    2021  Volume 131, Page(s) 108542

    Abstract: Purpose: Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) are at an elevated risk for suicide. Abstinence and drug-related treatment outcomes remain integral to SUD treatment, but recovery incorporates more than just the absence of substance use or mental ...

    Abstract Purpose: Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) are at an elevated risk for suicide. Abstinence and drug-related treatment outcomes remain integral to SUD treatment, but recovery incorporates more than just the absence of substance use or mental illness and including positive mental health indices in assessment and treatment of suicidality is needed.
    Aims: The current study investigates the role of traditional indicators of recovery, as well as positive psychology constructs, in predicting suicidal ideation following residential SUD treatment.
    Method: The study utilized a longitudinal design with baseline and 3-month postdischarge follow-up assessments of 791 individuals who attended residential SUD treatment in Australia.
    Results: Rates of suicidal ideation decreased from baseline to follow-up, and the magnitude of change in most indices was associated with suicidal ideation at follow-up assessment. In a hierarchical logistic regression, baseline suicidal ideation, as well as a reduction in psychological distress, increase in refusal self-efficacy, and increase in self-forgiveness, emerged as significant predictors of follow-up suicidal ideation. The final model correctly classified 98.8% of participants as not experiencing SI, and 8.7% of participants as experiencing SI at follow-up, resulting in a total predictive accuracy of 86.9%.
    Conclusions: The results suggested that changes in traditional recovery indices may facilitate reductions in suicidality. As a whole, changes in positive psychology indices did not add to the ability to predict suicidal ideation once traditional indices had been accounted for, but this does not preclude the importance of these indices to SUD treatment and suicide prevention efforts.
    MeSH term(s) Aftercare ; Humans ; Patient Discharge ; Risk Factors ; Substance-Related Disorders/therapy ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide, Attempted
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605923-5
    ISSN 1873-6483 ; 0740-5472
    ISSN (online) 1873-6483
    ISSN 0740-5472
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108542
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  7. Article ; Online: Identifying Patients at High Risk of Coronary Events After Stroke: A Prerequisite for Better Prevention.

    Kelly, Peter J / Price, Chris

    Stroke

    2019  Volume 50, Issue 12, Page(s) 3335–3336

    MeSH term(s) Brain Ischemia ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Humans ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Myocardial Infarction ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Stroke
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80381-9
    ISSN 1524-4628 ; 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    ISSN (online) 1524-4628
    ISSN 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    DOI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.026726
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  8. Article ; Online: Inflammation and Stroke Risk: A New Target for Prevention.

    Kelly, Peter J / Lemmens, Robin / Tsivgoulis, Georgios

    Stroke

    2021  Volume 52, Issue 8, Page(s) 2697–2706

    Abstract: New therapeutic approaches are required for secondary prevention of residual vascular risk after stroke. Diverse sources of evidence support a causal role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of stroke. Randomized controlled trials of anti-inflammatory ... ...

    Abstract New therapeutic approaches are required for secondary prevention of residual vascular risk after stroke. Diverse sources of evidence support a causal role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of stroke. Randomized controlled trials of anti-inflammatory agents have reported benefit for secondary prevention in patients with coronary disease. We review the data from observational studies supporting a role for inflammation in pathogenesis of stroke, overview randomized controlled trials of anti-inflammatory therapy in cardiac disease and discuss the potential implications for stroke prevention therapy.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage ; Colchicine/administration & dosage ; Drug Delivery Systems/methods ; Drug Delivery Systems/trends ; Gout Suppressants/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Inflammation/diagnosis ; Inflammation/epidemiology ; Inflammation/prevention & control ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis/methods ; Observational Studies as Topic/methods ; Risk Factors ; Secondary Prevention/methods ; Secondary Prevention/trends ; Stroke/diagnosis ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Stroke/prevention & control
    Chemical Substances Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Gout Suppressants ; Colchicine (SML2Y3J35T)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80381-9
    ISSN 1524-4628 ; 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    ISSN (online) 1524-4628
    ISSN 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    DOI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.034388
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  9. Article ; Online: Inflammation, Cholesterol, and Stroke Risk: Building Evidence for a Dual Target Strategy for Secondary Prevention.

    McCabe, John J / Kelly, Peter J

    Stroke

    2021  Volume 52, Issue 9, Page(s) 2837–2838

    MeSH term(s) Anticoagulants ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Cholesterol ; Humans ; Inflammation/epidemiology ; Secondary Prevention ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Stroke/prevention & control
    Chemical Substances Anticoagulants ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80381-9
    ISSN 1524-4628 ; 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    ISSN (online) 1524-4628
    ISSN 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    DOI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.035676
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  10. Article ; Online: The effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for family members impacted by another's substance use: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Rushton, Clare / Kelly, Peter J / Raftery, Dayle / Beck, Alison / Larance, Briony

    Drug and alcohol review

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 4, Page(s) 960–977

    Abstract: Introduction: Family members affected by another's substance use disorder experience physical health problems, breakdowns in relationships and reduced psychological wellbeing. This review examines the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Family members affected by another's substance use disorder experience physical health problems, breakdowns in relationships and reduced psychological wellbeing. This review examines the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for improving the wellbeing of family members.
    Methods: A systematic review of randomised-controlled trials (RCT), non-RCTs and pre-post studies examining group or individual interventions for affected families. Five databases were searched (PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library). Outcomes included psychological functioning, quality of life, physical health and substance use, family functioning and coping. Outcomes were analysed by study design and mode of delivery (individual or group). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tools (RoB2, ROBINS-I). The review followed PRISMA reporting guidelines and was prospectively registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42020200260).
    Results: Nineteen studies were included (k = 10 included in meta-analyses). In k = 3 RCTs, individually administered interventions significantly reduced depression (standardised mean difference [SMD] 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21, 0.79) and distress (SMD 0.28, 95% CI 0.03, 0.54). In k = 2 pre-post studies, individual interventions improved family functioning (d = 0.51, 95% CI 0.28, 0.73) and coping (d = 0.43, 95% CI 0.24, 0.61). In k = 3 non-RCTs and k = 2 pre-post designs group interventions significantly reduced depression (d = 0.50, 95% CI 0.17, 0.82) and distress (d = 0.44, 95% CI 0.13, 0.75), and improved coping (d = 0.81, 95% CI 0.29, 1.33).
    Discussion and conclusions: This review summarises the contemporary literature evaluating interventions for affected families, with both individual and group interventions demonstrating favourable outcomes. However, small sample sizes and methodologically weak-quality studies limit conclusions.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Psychosocial Intervention ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Family ; Adaptation, Psychological ; Substance-Related Disorders/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-06
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1080442-0
    ISSN 1465-3362 ; 0959-5236
    ISSN (online) 1465-3362
    ISSN 0959-5236
    DOI 10.1111/dar.13607
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