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Article ; Online: Seated-Shot-Put Equipment in Para Athletics-A Review and Presentation of Data From the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games.

Holdback, Connor J M / Ibrahim, Rony / Haydon, David S / Pinder, Ross A / Grimshaw, Paul N / Kelso, Richard M

Adapted physical activity quarterly : APAQ

2023 Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 33–50

Abstract: This research provides a review of seated shot put alongside new data from the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games with the aim to understand the latest trends in equipment within a recently established rule set and how key equipment variables may impact ... ...

Abstract	This research provides a review of seated shot put alongside new data from the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games with the aim to understand the latest trends in equipment within a recently established rule set and how key equipment variables may impact performance for athletes in different classifications. First, a review of the literature found that the throwing pole is a key equipment aid that is not well understood, in part due to limitations in testing design. New data from the 2020 Paralympic Games showed inconsistent trends for the use of the throwing pole among athletes, particularly in transitionary classes (F33-34 and F54-55). A two-way analysis of variance found a main effect of classification on performance (p < .001), as well as an interaction effect between pole use and classification on performance (p < .05). Notably, pole users are seen to perform better than non-pole users in Class F32 (p < .05).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Sports for Persons with Disabilities ; Disabled Persons ; Athletic Performance ; Tokyo ; Athletes
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	995992-0
ISSN	1543-2777 ; 0736-5829
ISSN (online)	1543-2777
ISSN	0736-5829
DOI	10.1123/apaq.2022-0168
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Article: Musculoskeletal Lower Limb Injury Risk in Army Populations.

Andersen, Kimberley A / Grimshaw, Paul N / Kelso, Richard M / Bentley, David J

Sports medicine - open

2016 Volume 2, Page(s) 22

Abstract: Injuries are common within military populations, with high incidence rates well established in the literature. Injuries cause a substantial number of working days lost, a significant cost through compensation claims and an increased risk of attrition. In ...

Abstract	Injuries are common within military populations, with high incidence rates well established in the literature. Injuries cause a substantial number of working days lost, a significant cost through compensation claims and an increased risk of attrition. In an effort to address this, a considerable amount of research has gone into identifying the most prevalent types of injury and their associated risk factors. Collective evidence suggests that training and equipment contribute to a large proportion of the injuries sustained. In particular, the large loads borne by soldiers, the high intensity training programs and the influence of footwear have been identified as significant causative factors of lower limb injury in military populations. A number of preventative strategies have been developed within military bodies around the world to address these issues. The relative success of these strategies is highly variable; however, with advancements in technology, new approaches will become available and existing strategies may become more effective.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2809942-4
ISSN	2198-9761 ; 2199-1170
ISSN (online)	2198-9761
ISSN	2199-1170
DOI	10.1186/s40798-016-0046-z
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Article ; Online: The effect of acoustic forcing on an airfoil tonal noise mechanism.

Schumacher, Karn L / Doolan, Con J / Kelso, Richard M

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

2014 Volume 136, Issue 2, Page(s) EL78–83

Abstract: The response of the boundary layer over an airfoil with cavity to external acoustic forcing, across a sweep of frequencies, was measured. The boundary layer downstream of the cavity trailing edge was found to respond strongly and selectively at the ... ...

Abstract	The response of the boundary layer over an airfoil with cavity to external acoustic forcing, across a sweep of frequencies, was measured. The boundary layer downstream of the cavity trailing edge was found to respond strongly and selectively at the natural airfoil tonal frequencies. This is considered to be due to enhanced feedback. However, the shear layer upstream of the cavity trailing edge did not respond at these frequencies. These findings confirm that an aeroacoustic feedback loop exists between the airfoil trailing edge and a location near the cavity trailing edge.
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	219231-7
ISSN	1520-8524 ; 0001-4966
ISSN (online)	1520-8524
ISSN	0001-4966
DOI	10.1121/1.4885485
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Article: Aerodynamics of long fibres settling in air at 10<Re<100

Qi, Guo Q / Nathan, Graham J / Kelso, Richard M

Powder technology. 2013 Feb., v. 235

2013

Abstract: The aerodynamics of long aspect ratio nylon fibrous particles has been investigated experimentally whilst settling in air under super dilute conditions without any influence of secondary flows and at fibre Reynolds numbers of 10–100 based on fibre length. ...

Abstract	The aerodynamics of long aspect ratio nylon fibrous particles has been investigated experimentally whilst settling in air under super dilute conditions without any influence of secondary flows and at fibre Reynolds numbers of 10–100 based on fibre length. Measurement of the orientations and velocities of fibrous particles is undertaken by two-dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV), based on the two end-points. A statistical evaluation of fibres' mean vertical and horizontal components of settling velocities, angular velocity, orientation, number density is presented and used to assess particle aerodynamics.
Keywords	aerodynamics ; air ; nylon
Language	English
Dates of publication	2013-02
Size	p. 550-555.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ISSN	0032-5910
DOI	10.1016/j.powtec.2012.11.005
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: PTV measurement of drag coefficient of fibrous particles with large aspect ratio

Qi, Guo Q / Nathan, Graham J / Kelso, Richard M

Powder technology. 2012 Oct., v. 229

2012

Abstract: The aerodynamic behaviour of long aspect ratio nylon fibrous particles has been investigated experimentally while settling in air under super dilute conditions without any influence of secondary flows and at fibre Reynolds numbers of 0.5–2 based on fibre ...

Abstract	The aerodynamic behaviour of long aspect ratio nylon fibrous particles has been investigated experimentally while settling in air under super dilute conditions without any influence of secondary flows and at fibre Reynolds numbers of 0.5–2 based on fibre diameter. A method for laser-based measurement of the orientations and velocities of fibrous particles is also presented. The experimental apparatus employs a two-dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) to calculate orientation and velocity based on the two end-points. The controlling length scale in the relationship between Reynolds number and drag coefficient was investigated and the equivalent diameter of settling fibre in air was reported. Finally the influence of volume fraction and fibre straightness were assessed.
Keywords	Reynolds number ; air ; drag coefficient ; nylon
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-10
Size	p. 261-269.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ISSN	0032-5910
DOI	10.1016/j.powtec.2012.06.049
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: The use of turbulence generators to mitigate crystallization fouling under cross flow conditions

Hasan, Basim O / Nathan, Graham J / Ashman, Peter J / Craig, Richard A / Kelso, Richard M

Desalination. 2012 Mar. 1, v. 288

2012

Abstract: Different types of turbulence generators were used to mitigate crystallization fouling of a water-cooled pipe at 5°C in a cross flow of hot sodium sulphate (Na₂SO₄) solution. The Reynolds number of the hot solution (based on pipe diameter, ReₕD) was ... ...

Abstract	Different types of turbulence generators were used to mitigate crystallization fouling of a water-cooled pipe at 5°C in a cross flow of hot sodium sulphate (Na₂SO₄) solution. The Reynolds number of the hot solution (based on pipe diameter, ReₕD) was varied from 250 to 485 at a constant temperature, Tₕ=40°C. The Reynolds number of the cold water within the pipe was 25,000. Four types of turbulence generators were investigated, namely, punch plates of different blockage area, wire mesh of 50% blockage area, delta wings, and an identical pipe. These were placed upstream from the cold pipe, which was aligned normal to the hot cross flow. The surface temperature of the pipe was measured at four positions for all conditions. It was found that the turbulence generators increases the heat transfer coefficient and decreases the fouling resistance appreciably. For example, the punch plate with blockage area of 80% yielded an 85% reduction in fouling resistance at higher Reynolds numbers. However, the extent of the benefit depends on the shape of the turbulence generator, solution Reynolds number, and blockage area. For example, no appreciable effect was detected for the case where upstream pipe was used for the turbulence generator. Considerable differences in local surface temperature at various positions were noticed. The positions deduced to be subjected to the highest turbulence intensity were found to exhibit the highest local temperatures and thus lower fouling resistance.
Keywords	cold ; crystallization ; desalination ; fouling ; heat transfer coefficient ; sodium sulfate ; surface temperature ; turbulent flow ; wings
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-0301
Size	p. 108-117.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2000800-4
ISSN	0011-9164
ISSN	0011-9164
DOI	10.1016/j.desal.2011.12.019
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Cardiac flow analysis applied to phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging of the heart.

Wong, Kelvin K L / Kelso, Richard M / Worthley, Stephen G / Sanders, Prashanthan / Mazumdar, Jagannath / Abbott, Derek

Annals of biomedical engineering

2009 Volume 37, Issue 8, Page(s) 1495–1515

Abstract: Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging is performed to produce flow fields of blood in the heart. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the state of change in swirling blood flow within cardiac chambers and to quantify it for clinical analysis. ... ...

Abstract	Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging is performed to produce flow fields of blood in the heart. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the state of change in swirling blood flow within cardiac chambers and to quantify it for clinical analysis. Velocity fields based on the projection of the three dimensional blood flow onto multiple planes are scanned. The flow patterns can be illustrated using streamlines and vector plots to show the blood dynamical behavior at every cardiac phase. Large-scale vortices can be observed in the heart chambers, and we have developed a technique for characterizing their locations and strength. From our results, we are able to acquire an indication of the changes in blood swirls over one cardiac cycle by using temporal vorticity fields of the cardiac flow. This can improve our understanding of blood dynamics within the heart that may have implications in blood circulation efficiency. The results presented in this paper can establish a set of reference data to compare with unusual flow patterns due to cardiac abnormalities. The calibration of other flow-imaging modalities can also be achieved using this well-established velocity-encoding standard.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Blood Flow Velocity/physiology ; Heart/physiology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine/instrumentation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine/methods ; Male
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	185984-5
ISSN	1573-9686 ; 0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
ISSN (online)	1573-9686
ISSN	0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
DOI	10.1007/s10439-009-9709-y
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Article: Cardiac Flow Analysis Applied to Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Heart

Wong, Kelvin K. L / Kelso, Richard M / Worthley, Stephen G / Sanders, Prashanthan / Mazumdar, Jagannath / Abbott, Derek

Annals of biomedical engineering. 2009 Aug., v. 37, no. 8

2009

Abstract	Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging is performed to produce flow fields of blood in the heart. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the state of change in swirling blood flow within cardiac chambers and to quantify it for clinical analysis. Velocity fields based on the projection of the three dimensional blood flow onto multiple planes are scanned. The flow patterns can be illustrated using streamlines and vector plots to show the blood dynamical behavior at every cardiac phase. Large-scale vortices can be observed in the heart chambers, and we have developed a technique for characterizing their locations and strength. From our results, we are able to acquire an indication of the changes in blood swirls over one cardiac cycle by using temporal vorticity fields of the cardiac flow. This can improve our understanding of blood dynamics within the heart that may have implications in blood circulation efficiency. The results presented in this paper can establish a set of reference data to compare with unusual flow patterns due to cardiac abnormalities. The calibration of other flow-imaging modalities can also be achieved using this well-established velocity-encoding standard.
Language	English
Dates of publication	2009-08
Size	p. 1495-1515.
Publisher	Springer US
Publishing place	Boston
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	185984-5
ISSN	1573-9686 ; 0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
ISSN (online)	1573-9686
ISSN	0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
DOI	10.1007/s10439-009-9709-y
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Article ; Online: Cardiac flow component analysis.

Wong, Kelvin K L / Tu, Jiyuan / Kelso, Richard M / Worthley, Stephen G / Sanders, Prashanthan / Mazumdar, Jagannath / Abbott, Derek

Medical engineering & physics

2010 Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 174–188

Abstract: In a chamber of the heart, large-scale vortices are shown to exist as the result of the dynamic blood flow and unique morphological changes of the chamber wall. As the cardiovascular flow varies over a cardiac cycle, there is a need for a robust ... ...

Abstract	In a chamber of the heart, large-scale vortices are shown to exist as the result of the dynamic blood flow and unique morphological changes of the chamber wall. As the cardiovascular flow varies over a cardiac cycle, there is a need for a robust quantification method to analyze its vorticity and circulation. We attempt to measure vortex characteristics by means of two-dimensional vorticity maps and vortex circulation. First, we develop vortex component analysis by segmenting the vortices using an data clustering algorithm before histograms of their vorticity distribution are generated. The next stage is to generate the statistics of the vorticity maps for each phase of the cardiac cycle to allow analysis of the flow. This is followed by evaluating the circulation of each segmented vortex. The proposed approach is dedicated to examining vortices within the human heart chamber. The vorticity field can indicate the strength and number of large-scale vortices in the chamber. We provide the results of the flow analysis after vorticity map segmentation and the statistical properties that characterize the vorticity components. The success of the cardiac measurement and analysis is illustrated by a case study of the right atrium. Our investigation shows that it is possible to utilize a data clustering algorithm to segment vortices after vorticity mapping, and that the vorticity and circulation analysis of a chamber vorticity can provide new insights into the blood flow within the cardiovascular structure.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Atrial Function, Right ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Coronary Circulation ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1181080-4
ISSN	1873-4030 ; 1350-4533
ISSN (online)	1873-4030
ISSN	1350-4533
DOI	10.1016/j.medengphy.2009.11.007
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Article: Aerodynamics of long fibres settling in air at 10<Re<100

Qi, Guo Q. / Nathan, Graham J. / Kelso, Richard M.

Powder technology

Volume v. 235

Abstract	The aerodynamics of long aspect ratio nylon fibrous particles has been investigated experimentally whilst settling in air under super dilute conditions without any influence of secondary flows and at fibre Reynolds numbers of 10–100 based on fibre length. Measurement of the orientations and velocities of fibrous particles is undertaken by two-dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV), based on the two end-points. A statistical evaluation of fibres' mean vertical and horizontal components of settling velocities, angular velocity, orientation, number density is presented and used to assess particle aerodynamics.
Keywords	aerodynamics ; nylon ; air
Language	English
Document type	Article
ISSN	0032-5910
Database	AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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