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Article: Sex-Specific Differences and the Role of Environmental Enrichment in the Expression of Hippocampal CB

Dandi, Evgenia / Kesidou, Evangelia / Simeonidou, Constantina / Spandou, Evangelia / Grigoriadis, Nikolaos / Tata, Despina A

Brain sciences

2024 Volume 14, Issue 4

Abstract: Stress-related mental disorders have become increasingly prevalent, thus endangering mental health worldwide. Exploring stress-associated brain alterations is vital for understanding the possible neurobiological mechanisms underlying these changes. Based ...

Abstract	Stress-related mental disorders have become increasingly prevalent, thus endangering mental health worldwide. Exploring stress-associated brain alterations is vital for understanding the possible neurobiological mechanisms underlying these changes. Based on existing evidence, the brain endogenous cannabinoid system (ECS) plays a significant role in the stress response, and disruptions in its function are associated with the neurobiology of various stress-related disorders. This study primarily focuses on investigating the impact of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) on the expression of hippocampal cannabinoid type 1 (CB
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2651993-8
ISSN	2076-3425
ISSN	2076-3425
DOI	10.3390/brainsci14040357
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Article ; Online: Surgical Treatment of Peri-Implantitis Using a Combined Nd: YAG and Er: YAG Laser Approach: Investigation of Clinical and Bone Loss Biomarkers.

Fragkioudakis, Ioannis / Kallis, Antonios / Kesidou, Evangelia / Damianidou, Olympia / Sakellari, Dimitra / Vouros, Ioannis

Dentistry journal

2023 Volume 11, Issue 3

Abstract: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the combined Nd-Er: YAG laser on the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis by evaluating clinical markers and biomarkers of bone loss (RANKL/OPG). Twenty (20) patients having at least 1 implant ... ...

Abstract	The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the combined Nd-Er: YAG laser on the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis by evaluating clinical markers and biomarkers of bone loss (RANKL/OPG). Twenty (20) patients having at least 1 implant diagnosed with peri-implantitis were randomly assigned to two groups for surgical treatment. In the test group (n = 10), Er: YAG laser was used for granulation tissue removal and implant surface decontamination, while Nd: YAG laser was employed for deep tissue decontamination and biomodulation. In the control group (n = 10), an access flap was applied, and mechanical instrumentation of the implant surface was performed by using titanium curettes. The following clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline and six months after treatment: Full-mouth Plaque Score (FMPS), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Probing Attachment Levels (PAL), recession (REC), and Bleeding on probing (BoP). Peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) was collected at baseline and six months for the evaluation of soluble RANKL and OPG utilizing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Baseline clinical values were similar for both groups, with no statistical differences between them. The study results indicated statistically significant improvements in the clinical parameters during the 6-month observation period in both groups. More specifically, PPD, PAL, and REC were improved in the test and control groups with no differences in the between-groups comparisons. However, a greater reduction in the BoP-positive sites was noted for the laser group (Mean change 22.05 ± 33.92 vs. 55.00 ± 30.48,
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2681351-8
ISSN	2304-6767 ; 2304-6767
ISSN (online)	2304-6767
ISSN	2304-6767
DOI	10.3390/dj11030061
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Article: Morphosyntactic Abilities and Cognitive Performance in Multiple Sclerosis.

Grigoriadis, Panagiotis / Bakirtzis, Christos / Nteli, Elli / Boziki, Marina-Kleopatra / Kotoumpa, Maria / Theotokis, Paschalis / Kesidou, Evangelia / Stavrakaki, Stavroula

Brain sciences

2024 Volume 14, Issue 3

Abstract: While cognitive abilities in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) have been studied in detail, little is known about linguistic abilities in PwMS and their relation to cognitive impairment. In this cross-sectional explorative study, we aim to ... ...

Abstract	While cognitive abilities in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) have been studied in detail, little is known about linguistic abilities in PwMS and their relation to cognitive impairment. In this cross-sectional explorative study, we aim to investigate the morphosyntactic abilities of PwMS alongside their cognitive performance. Furthermore, we explore the effect of clinical factors, namely, the disease duration and MS type, on the linguistic and cognitive performance of PwMS. By so doing, we aim to shed light on neurocognitive and clinical correlates of linguistic performance in PwMS. We included 78 patients and 78 age-, sex- and education-matched healthy individuals. All participants were additionally administered the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) battery, a verbal short-term memory task (non-word repetition) and questionnaires about mood, fatigue and quality of life. In addition, they underwent examinations with morphology and syntax tasks. PwMS were found to be impaired in morphology (past tense) and selectively impaired in syntax alongside cognitive impairments. Disease duration had the main impact on cognitive abilities. The MS type selectively impacted linguistic abilities, as shown by the remarkably deficient performance of the MS individuals with the progressive disease subtype. Linguistic impairments were predicted by only one measure of the BICAM test, namely, the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), a measure of cognitive processing speed. Overall, this study contributes to the better understanding of the linguistic profile of PwMS by reporting selective deficits in their morphological and syntactical abilities. Furthermore, it provides insights into the clinical and cognitive correlates of linguistic performance. By so doing, it suggests clinical implications for the development of intervention programs for PwMS.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2651993-8
ISSN	2076-3425
ISSN	2076-3425
DOI	10.3390/brainsci14030237
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Article: The Diversity of Astrocyte Activation during Multiple Sclerosis: Potential Cellular Targets for Novel Disease Modifying Therapeutics.

Barmpagiannos, Konstantinos / Theotokis, Paschalis / Petratos, Steven / Pagnin, Maurice / Einstein, Ofira / Kesidou, Evangelia / Boziki, Marina / Artemiadis, Artemios / Bakirtzis, Christos / Grigoriadis, Nikolaos

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 11, Issue 11

Abstract: Neuroglial cells, and especially astrocytes, constitute the most varied group of central nervous system (CNS) cells, displaying substantial diversity and plasticity during development and in disease states. The morphological changes exhibited by ... ...

Abstract	Neuroglial cells, and especially astrocytes, constitute the most varied group of central nervous system (CNS) cells, displaying substantial diversity and plasticity during development and in disease states. The morphological changes exhibited by astrocytes during the acute and chronic stages following CNS injury can be characterized more precisely as a dynamic continuum of astrocytic reactivity. Different subpopulations of reactive astrocytes may be ascribed to stages of degenerative progression through their direct pathogenic influence upon neurons, neuroglia, the blood-brain barrier, and infiltrating immune cells. Multiple sclerosis (MS) constitutes an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the CNS. Despite the previously held notion that reactive astrocytes purely form the structured glial scar in MS plaques, their continued multifaceted participation in neuroinflammatory outcomes and oligodendrocyte and neuronal function during chronicity, suggest that they may be an integral cell type that can govern the pathophysiology of MS. From a therapeutic-oriented perspective, astrocytes could serve as key players to limit MS progression, once the integral astrocyte-MS relationship is accurately identified. This review aims toward delineating the current knowledge, which is mainly focused on immunomodulatory therapies of the relapsing-remitting form, while shedding light on uncharted approaches of astrocyte-specific therapies that could constitute novel, innovative applications once the role of specific subgroups in disease pathogenesis is clarified.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2721009-1
ISSN	2227-9032
ISSN	2227-9032
DOI	10.3390/healthcare11111585
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Article: Sex, aging and immunity in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: An intriguing interaction.

Boziki, Marina / Theotokis, Paschalis / Kesidou, Evangelia / Karafoulidou, Eleni / Konstantinou, Chrystalla / Michailidou, Iliana / Bahar, Yasemin / Altintas, Ayse / Grigoriadis, Nikolaos

Frontiers in neurology

2023 Volume 13, Page(s) 1104552

Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with a profound neurodegenerative component early in the disease pathogenesis. Age is a factor with a well-described effect on the primary disease phenotype, ... ...

Abstract	Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with a profound neurodegenerative component early in the disease pathogenesis. Age is a factor with a well-described effect on the primary disease phenotype, namely, the relapsing-remitting vs. the primary progressive disease. Moreover, aging is a prominent factor contributing to the transition from relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) to secondary progressive disease. However, sex also seems to, at least in part, dictate disease phenotype and evolution, as evidenced in humans and in animal models of the disease. Sex-specific gene expression profiles have recently elucidated an association with differential immunological signatures in the context of experimental disease. This review aims to summarize current knowledge stemming from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models regarding the effects of sex, either independently or as a factor combined with aging, on disease phenotype, with relevance to the immune system and the CNS.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2564214-5
ISSN	1664-2295
ISSN	1664-2295
DOI	10.3389/fneur.2022.1104552
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Article: Epidemiological Insights on Medication Concurrency and Polypharmacy in People With Multiple Sclerosis in Greece.

Bakirtzis, Christos / Nikolaidis, Ioannis / Boziki, Marina-Kleopatra / Grigoriadou, Eleni / Karakasi, Maria-Valeria / Moysiadis, Theodoros / Kesidou, Evangelia / Papazisis, Georgios / Grigoriadis, Nikolaos

International journal of MS care

2023 Volume 25, Issue 4, Page(s) 140–144

Abstract: Background: Besides disease-modifying therapies, various pharmacologic agents are frequently prescribed to people with multiple sclerosis (MS) for symptom treatment and for comorbid conditions. The present study aims to investigate the types and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Besides disease-modifying therapies, various pharmacologic agents are frequently prescribed to people with multiple sclerosis (MS) for symptom treatment and for comorbid conditions. The present study aims to investigate the types and frequencies of agents prescribed to people with MS in Greece using records from the nationwide digital prescription database. Methods: Prescription records for 21,218 people (65.9% women) with MS were included in the study. The criterion for study inclusion was a minimum of 3 months of continuous prescription of an agent. Identified treatments were further examined by age group. Results: Antispasticity agents (17.5%) and fampridine (14.5%) were the most regularly prescribed symptomatic medications. Antihypertensives (21.1%) and drugs for affective disorders, including antidepressants (36.1%) and anxiolytics (16.2%), were the most frequently prescribed medications for comorbid conditions. Antidepressants were prescribed at almost equally high rates among individuals older than 40 years. Hypertension was one of the leading comorbidities among the study sample, with rates rising significantly after age 40 years and plateauing after age 60 years. Polypharmacy was observed in 22.5% of the study sample, with a higher incidence among people with MS older than 60 years (46.98%). Conclusions: Agents prescribed for the treatment of disease symptoms and other medical conditions are expected to positively affect quality of life in people with MS. However, polypharmacy seems to be particularly high, especially in the aged population. The potential implications of polypharmacy in the disease course should further be explored.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1537-2073
ISSN	1537-2073
DOI	10.7224/1537-2073.2022-046
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Article: The Role of Diet and Interventions on Multiple Sclerosis: A Review

Stoiloudis, Panagiotis / Kesidou, Evangelia / Bakirtzis, Christos / Sintila, Styliani-Aggeliki / Konstantinidou, Natalia / Boziki, Marina / Grigoriadis, Nikolaos

Nutrients. 2022 Mar. 09, v. 14, no. 6

2022

Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by inflammation and neurodegeneration. The most prominent clinical features include visual loss and sensorimotor symptoms and mainly affects those ... ...

Abstract	Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by inflammation and neurodegeneration. The most prominent clinical features include visual loss and sensorimotor symptoms and mainly affects those of young age. Some of the factors affecting its pathogenesis are genetic and/or environmental including viruses, smoking, obesity, and nutrition. Current research provides evidence that diet may influence MS onset, course, and quality of life of the patients. In this review, we address the role of nutrition on MS pathogenesis as well as dietary interventions that show promising beneficial results with respect to MS activity and progression. Investigation with large prospective clinical studies is required in order to thoroughly evaluate the role of diet in MS.
Keywords	autoimmune diseases ; central nervous system ; diet ; inflammation ; neurodegenerative diseases ; obesity ; pathogenesis ; quality of life ; sclerosis
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0309
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14061150
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Systemic LPS Administration Stimulates the Activation of Non-Neuronal Cells in an Experimental Model of Spinal Muscular Atrophy.

Karafoulidou, Eleni / Kesidou, Evangelia / Theotokis, Paschalis / Konstantinou, Chrystalla / Nella, Maria-Konstantina / Michailidou, Iliana / Touloumi, Olga / Polyzoidou, Eleni / Salamotas, Ilias / Einstein, Ofira / Chatzisotiriou, Athanasios / Boziki, Marina-Kleopatra / Grigoriadis, Nikolaos

Cells

2024 Volume 13, Issue 9

Abstract: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by deficiency of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. Although SMA is a genetic disease, environmental factors contribute to disease progression. Common pathogen components such as ... ...

Abstract	Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by deficiency of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. Although SMA is a genetic disease, environmental factors contribute to disease progression. Common pathogen components such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are considered significant contributors to inflammation and have been associated with muscle atrophy, which is considered a hallmark of SMA. In this study, we used the SMNΔ7 experimental mouse model of SMA to scrutinize the effect of systemic LPS administration, a strong pro-inflammatory stimulus, on disease outcome. Systemic LPS administration promoted a reduction in SMN expression levels in CNS, peripheral lymphoid organs, and skeletal muscles. Moreover, peripheral tissues were more vulnerable to LPS-induced damage compared to CNS tissues. Furthermore, systemic LPS administration resulted in a profound increase in microglia and astrocytes with reactive phenotypes in the CNS of SMNΔ7 mice. In conclusion, we hereby show for the first time that systemic LPS administration, although it may not precipitate alterations in terms of deficits of motor functions in a mouse model of SMA, it may, however, lead to a reduction in the SMN protein expression levels in the skeletal muscles and the CNS, thus promoting synapse damage and glial cells' reactive phenotype.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/pathology ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects ; Muscle, Skeletal/pathology ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Microglia/metabolism ; Microglia/drug effects ; Microglia/pathology ; Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein/metabolism ; Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein/genetics ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Astrocytes/metabolism ; Astrocytes/drug effects ; Astrocytes/pathology ; Inflammation/pathology
Chemical Substances	Lipopolysaccharides ; Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells13090785
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Article: The Time Trajectory of Choroid Plexus Enlargement in Multiple Sclerosis.

Andravizou, Athina / Stavropoulou De Lorenzo, Sotiria / Kesidou, Evangelia / Michailidou, Iliana / Parissis, Dimitrios / Boziki, Marina-Kleopatra / Stamati, Polyxeni / Bakirtzis, Christos / Grigoriadis, Nikolaos

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 12, Issue 7

Abstract: Choroid plexus (CP) can be seen as a watchtower of the central nervous system (CNS) that actively regulates CNS homeostasis. A growing body of literature suggests that CP alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) but the ... ...

Abstract	Choroid plexus (CP) can be seen as a watchtower of the central nervous system (CNS) that actively regulates CNS homeostasis. A growing body of literature suggests that CP alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. CPs are enlarged and inflamed in relapsing-remitting (RRMS) but also in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) stages, far beyond MS diagnosis. Increases in the choroid plexus/total intracranial volume (CP/TIV) ratio have been robustly associated with increased lesion load, higher translocator protein (TSPO) uptake in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and thalami, as well as with higher annual relapse rate and disability progression in highly active RRMS individuals, but not in progressive MS. The CP/TIV ratio has only slightly been correlated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings (cortical or whole brain atrophy) and clinical outcomes (EDSS score) in progressive MS. Therefore, we suggest that plexus volumetric assessments should be mainly applied to the early disease stages of MS, whereas it should be taken into consideration with caution in progressive MS. In this review, we attempt to clarify the pathological significance of the temporal CP volume (CPV) changes in MS and highlight the pitfalls and limitations of CP volumetric analysis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2721009-1
ISSN	2227-9032
ISSN	2227-9032
DOI	10.3390/healthcare12070768
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Article ; Online: N-Acetylcysteine Administration Attenuates Sensorimotor Impairments Following Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Rats.

Kesidou, Evangelia / Bitsina, Christina / Chatzisotiriou, Athanasios / Theotokis, Paschalis / Dandi, Evgenia / Tata, Despina A / Spandou, Evangelia

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 24

Abstract: Hypoxic ischemic (HI) brain injury that occurs during neonatal period has been correlated with severe neuronal damage, behavioral deficits and infant mortality. Previous evidence indicates that N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a compound with antioxidant action, ... ...

Abstract	Hypoxic ischemic (HI) brain injury that occurs during neonatal period has been correlated with severe neuronal damage, behavioral deficits and infant mortality. Previous evidence indicates that N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a compound with antioxidant action, exerts a potential neuroprotective effect in various neurological disorders including injury induced by brain ischemia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of NAC as a potential therapeutic agent in a rat model of neonatal HI brain injury and explore its long-term behavioral effects. To this end, NAC (50 mg/kg/dose, i.p.) was administered prior to and instantly after HI, in order to evaluate hippocampal and cerebral cortex damage as well as long-term functional outcome. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. The results revealed that NAC significantly alleviated sensorimotor deficits and this effect was maintained up to adulthood. These improvements in functional outcome were associated with a significant decrease in the severity of brain damage. Moreover, NAC decreased the short-term expression of iNOS, a finding implying that iNOS activity may be suppressed and that through this action NAC may exert its therapeutic action against neonatal HI brain injury.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms232416175
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