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Book ; Online: Ecological fiscal transfers in Europe - evidence-based design options of a transnational scheme

Droste, N. / Ring, I. / Santos, R. / Kettunen, M.

(UFZ discussion papers ; 10/2016)

2016

Author's details	N. Droste, I. Ring, R. Santos, M. Kettunen
Series title	UFZ discussion papers ; 10/2016
Collection
Subject code	630
Language	English
Size	1 Online-Ressource (29 Seiten), Illustrationen
Publisher	Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung GmbH - UFZ
Publishing place	Leipzig
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Book ; Online
Remark	Elektronischer Volltext
HBZ-ID	HT019707245
DOI	10.4126/FRL01-006408260
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Book ; Online: Ecological fiscal transfers in Europe - evidence-based design options of a transnational scheme

Droste, N. / Ring, I. / Santos, R. / Kettunen, M.

(UFZ discussion papers ; 10/2016)

2016

Author's details	N. Droste, I. Ring, R. Santos, M. Kettunen
Series title	UFZ discussion papers ; 10/2016
Collection
Subject code	630
Language	English
Size	1 Online-Ressource (29 Seiten), Illustrationen
Publisher	Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung GmbH - UFZ
Publishing place	Leipzig
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Book ; Online
Remark	Elektronischer Volltext
HBZ-ID	HT019707245
DOI	10.4126/FRL01-006408260
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article ; Online: Complexities of sustainable palm oil production by smallholders in sub-Saharan Africa

Ayompe, L.M. / Egoh, B.N. / Nkongho, R.N. / Wandum, L.M. / Orang, B.O. / Fiaboe, K. / Tambasi, E.E. / Kettunen, M.

Sustainable Development

2023

Abstract: Open Access Article ... Sub-Saharan Africa is increasingly viewed as an important area for oil palm cultivation and expansion. Palm oil is a commodity that can help developing countries like Cameroon attain their sustainable development goals (SDGs) ... ...

Abstract	Open Access Article Sub-Saharan Africa is increasingly viewed as an important area for oil palm cultivation and expansion. Palm oil is a commodity that can help developing countries like Cameroon attain their sustainable development goals (SDGs) targets through poverty alleviation (SDG 1) and by providing revenue to smallholder farmers to buy a variety of food thereby reducing hunger. However, due to the many negative environmental and social consequences, the sector needs to be made more sustainable. In this study, we set out to unpack the complexities including costs and benefits for smallholder farmers to practice sustainable palm oil production. We use both gray and peer-reviewed literature, conversational interviews with smallholder farmers and managers of certified palm oil mills, and a workshop with smallholders in Cameroon. We found that smallholders face several challenges including weak land tenure rights, the use of poor-quality seeds and low-yielding oil palms, and a lack of skills, expertise, and access to financing. Certification could help alleviate some of the challenges by providing access to financing, training to improve yields, access to better seedlings, and increased access to higher value markets. However, the certification cost is very high compared to the income from oil palm cultivation for most farmers. Farmers will therefore need considerable assistance from organizations and brokers to remain financially viable. Our study provides important insights to countries such as the EU, United Kingdom, and United States that are in the process of adopting legislation to regulate deforestation associated with imports of key commodities such as palm oil.
Keywords	deforestation ; ecosystems ; conservation ; oil palms ; smallholders ; sustainability
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-25T09:16:40Z
Publisher	Wiley
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Redox Properties and in Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cyclodextrin-Polynitroxides Contrast Agents.

Franco, Lorenzo / Isse, Abdirisak Ahmed / Barbon, Antonio / Altomare, Lina / Hyppönen, Viivi / Rosa, Jessica / Olsson, Venla / Kettunen, Mikko / Melone, Lucio

Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry

2023 Volume 24, Issue 19, Page(s) e202300100

Abstract: This paper reports the synthesis, characterization and in vivo application of water-soluble supramolecular contrast agents (Mw: 5-5.6 kDa) for MRI obtained from β-cyclodextrin functionalized with different kinds of nitroxide radicals, both with ... ...

Abstract	This paper reports the synthesis, characterization and in vivo application of water-soluble supramolecular contrast agents (Mw: 5-5.6 kDa) for MRI obtained from β-cyclodextrin functionalized with different kinds of nitroxide radicals, both with piperidine structure (CD2 and CD3) and with pyrrolidine structure (CD4 and CD5). As to the stability of the radicals in presence of ascorbic acid, CD4 and CD5 have low second order kinetic constants (≤0.05 M
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Rats ; Humans ; Animals ; Contrast Media/toxicity ; Contrast Media/chemistry ; Cyclodextrins ; HEK293 Cells ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Oxidation-Reduction
Chemical Substances	Contrast Media ; Cyclodextrins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-08
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2025223-7
ISSN	1439-7641 ; 1439-4235
ISSN (online)	1439-7641
ISSN	1439-4235
DOI	10.1002/cphc.202300100
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Data-Driven Regularization Parameter Selection in Dynamic MRI.

Hanhela, Matti / Gröhn, Olli / Kettunen, Mikko / Niinimäki, Kati / Vauhkonen, Marko / Kolehmainen, Ville

Journal of imaging

2021 Volume 7, Issue 2

Abstract: In dynamic MRI, sufficient temporal resolution can often only be obtained using imaging protocols which produce undersampled data for each image in the time series. This has led to the popularity of compressed sensing (CS) based reconstructions. One ... ...

Abstract	In dynamic MRI, sufficient temporal resolution can often only be obtained using imaging protocols which produce undersampled data for each image in the time series. This has led to the popularity of compressed sensing (CS) based reconstructions. One problem in CS approaches is determining the regularization parameters, which control the balance between data fidelity and regularization. We propose a data-driven approach for the total variation regularization parameter selection, where reconstructions yield expected sparsity levels in the regularization domains. The expected sparsity levels are obtained from the measurement data for temporal regularization and from a reference image for spatial regularization. Two formulations are proposed. Simultaneous search for a parameter pair yielding expected sparsity in both domains (S-surface), and a sequential parameter selection using the S-curve method (Sequential S-curve). The approaches are evaluated using simulated and experimental DCE-MRI. In the simulated test case, both methods produce a parameter pair and reconstruction that is close to the root mean square error (RMSE) optimal pair and reconstruction. In the experimental test case, the methods produce almost equal parameter selection, and the reconstructions are of high perceived quality. Both methods lead to a highly feasible selection of the regularization parameters in both test cases while the sequential method is computationally more efficient.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2824270-1
ISSN	2313-433X ; 2313-433X
ISSN (online)	2313-433X
ISSN	2313-433X
DOI	10.3390/jimaging7020038
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: An unbiased ray-marching transmittance estimator

Kettunen, Markus / d'Eon, Eugene / Pantaleoni, Jacopo / Novak, Jan

2021

Abstract: We present an in-depth analysis of the sources of variance in state-of-the-art unbiased volumetric transmittance estimators, and propose several new methods for improving their efficiency. These combine to produce a single estimator that is universally ... ...

Abstract	We present an in-depth analysis of the sources of variance in state-of-the-art unbiased volumetric transmittance estimators, and propose several new methods for improving their efficiency. These combine to produce a single estimator that is universally optimal relative to prior work, with up to several orders of magnitude lower variance at the same cost, and has zero variance for any ray with non-varying extinction. We first reduce the variance of truncated power-series estimators using a novel efficient application of U-statistics. We then greatly reduce the average expansion order of the power series and redistribute density evaluations to filter the optical depth estimates with an equidistant sampling comb. Combined with the use of an online control variate built from a sampled mean density estimate, the resulting estimator effectively performs ray marching most of the time while using rarely-sampled higher order terms to correct the bias. Comment: 20 pages
Keywords	Computer Science - Graphics
Subject code	310
Publishing date	2021-02-20
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Use of paclitaxel-coated balloons in clinical setting is not associated with increased mortality compared with plain balloon angioplasty in femoropopliteal lesions.

Kalbus, Viljar / Kärkkäinen, Jussi M / Wallin, Wilhelmiina / Kettunen, Moona / Koivusalo, Kalle / Hartikainen, Juha / Halonen, Jari / Saari, Petri

Journal of vascular surgery

2022 Volume 76, Issue 4, Page(s) 979–986

Abstract: Objective: To investigate mortality and causes of death associated with the use of paclitaxel-coated balloon (PCB) compared with plain balloon (PB) angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal artery lesions in real-world clinical setting.: Methods! ...

Abstract	Objective: To investigate mortality and causes of death associated with the use of paclitaxel-coated balloon (PCB) compared with plain balloon (PB) angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal artery lesions in real-world clinical setting. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included patients who underwent percutaneous femoropopliteal artery angioplasty without stenting between years 2014 and 2020. Patients were stratified into PCB and PB groups according to the index procedure. Those who had undergone any prior or subsequent intervention using drug-eluting technology were excluded from the PB group. Long-term survival was estimated up to 5 years using the Kaplan-Meier method, and risk factors for all-cause mortality were assessed in a multivariable analysis. Causes of death were retrieved from a national registry. Results: The study included 139 patients treated with PB and 190 with PCB. Patients treated with PCB had a higher prevalence of chronic pulmonary disease (27% vs 17%; P = .02) and were less often on anticoagulant therapy (34% vs 48%; P = .01) compared with patients in the PB group. Those treated with PB were more likely to have chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI; 82% vs 72%; P = .04). Ipsilateral perioperative amputation rate was significantly higher in the PB group (7% vs 1%; P = .01). There were no major differences in other 30-day outcomes between the groups and no differences in the rates of reinterventions and ipsilateral amputations during a mean follow-up time of 2.7 ± 1.9 years. Survival at 1 year in the PCB group was 83% ± 3% compared with 73% ± 4% in the PB group (P = .0001). The 5-year survival estimates were 56% ± 5% and 37% ± 5%, respectively. PCB use was independently associated with decreased risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-0.97). Independent risk factors for increased mortality were age (HR, 1.04 per year; 95% CI, 1.02-1.06), cardiac insufficiency (HR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.12-2.27), chronic renal insufficiency (HR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.47-2.85), anticoagulation therapy (HR, 1.65, 95% CI, 1.16-2.34), and CLTI (HR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.51-5.39). In the PCB group, 63% of deaths were due to cardiovascular causes compared with 42% in the PB group (P < .01). Conclusions: The use of PCB is safe, and there is no concern of increased mortality after the procedure based on the 5-year survival estimates.
MeSH term(s)	Angioplasty, Balloon/adverse effects ; Anticoagulants ; Cardiovascular Agents ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; Femoral Artery/diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Paclitaxel/adverse effects ; Peripheral Arterial Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Peripheral Arterial Disease/therapy ; Popliteal Artery/diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants ; Cardiovascular Agents ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; Paclitaxel (P88XT4IS4D)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605700-7
ISSN	1097-6809 ; 0741-5214
ISSN (online)	1097-6809
ISSN	0741-5214
DOI	10.1016/j.jvs.2022.06.002
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Book ; Article ; Online: Ecological Fiscal Transfers in Europe

Droste, N. / Ring, I. / Santos, R. / Kettunen, M.

Evidence-based design options of a transnational scheme

2016

Abstract: Ecological Fiscal Transfers (EFT) have recently gained attention as a promising instrument to provide incentives for nature conservation addressing public authorities. In parallel, both the EU and different European countries are exploring new mechanisms ...

Abstract	Ecological Fiscal Transfers (EFT) have recently gained attention as a promising instrument to provide incentives for nature conservation addressing public authorities. In parallel, both the EU and different European countries are exploring new mechanisms to mobilise funding to support biodiversity conservation. So far, existing EFT mechanisms in Europe have been implemented at the national level in Portugal and, to some extent, in France while in Brazil EFT schemes exist between the state and local level. In this paper we develop a proposal for an EFT design within the supranational context of the EU and assess its potential effects with evidence-based estimates. To provide such a knowledge base for a potential supranational EU-EFT implementation, we i) provide a theoretical underpinning, and an analytical synthesis of the current experiences both with the uptake of EFT and the implementation of EU's nature conservation legislation (i.e. the Habitats and Bird Directives), ii) propose a model for an EFT implementation within the existing EU funding framework for N2k financing which is built upon both quantitative and qualitative conservation indicators, iii) compute fiscal effects of our suggested model and analyse how the resulting payments would be (spatially) distributed among European regions, and iv) discuss the model outcomes in terms of ecological effectiveness, distributive effects, and cost-efficiency. Thereby we aim at stimulating a debate about how to better integrate ecological public functions within multi-level and supra-national governance structures.
Keywords	ddc:330 ; C31 ; H77 ; H87 ; P48 ; R12 ; Q57 ; Ecological Fiscal Transfers ; European Union ; Natura 2000 network ; policy advice ; spatial econometrics
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publisher	Leipzig: Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung (UFZ)
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Decorrelating ReSTIR Samplers via MCMC Mutations

Sawhney, Rohan / Lin, Daqi / Kettunen, Markus / Bitterli, Benedikt / Ramamoorthi, Ravi / Wyman, Chris / Pharr, Matt

2022

Abstract: Monte Carlo rendering algorithms often utilize correlations between pixels to improve efficiency and enhance image quality. For real-time applications in particular, repeated reservoir resampling offers a powerful framework to reuse samples both ... ...

Abstract	Monte Carlo rendering algorithms often utilize correlations between pixels to improve efficiency and enhance image quality. For real-time applications in particular, repeated reservoir resampling offers a powerful framework to reuse samples both spatially in an image and temporally across multiple frames. While such techniques achieve equal-error up to 100 times faster for real-time direct lighting and global illumination, they are still far from optimal. For instance, unchecked spatiotemporal resampling often introduces noticeable correlation artifacts, while reservoirs holding more than one sample suffer from impoverishment in the form of duplicate samples. We demonstrate how interleaving Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) mutations with reservoir resampling helps alleviate these issues, especially in scenes with glossy materials and difficult-to-sample lighting. Moreover, our approach does not introduce any bias, and in practice we find considerable improvement in image quality with just a single mutation per reservoir sample in each frame.
Keywords	Computer Science - Graphics
Publishing date	2022-10-31
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cyclodextrin-Based Organic Radical Contrast Agents for in vivo Imaging of Gliomas.

Melone, Lucio / Bach, Alice / Lamura, Gianrico / Canepa, Fabio / Nivajärvi, Riikka / Olsson, Venla / Kettunen, Mikko

ChemPlusChem

2020 Volume 85, Issue 6, Page(s) 1171–1178

Abstract: Cyclodextrins (CDs), a class of cyclic oligosaccharides formed by α-(1,4) linked glucopyranose units, were functionalized with (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) radicals to prepare water soluble supramolecular organic radical contrast ... ...

Abstract	Cyclodextrins (CDs), a class of cyclic oligosaccharides formed by α-(1,4) linked glucopyranose units, were functionalized with (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) radicals to prepare water soluble supramolecular organic radical contrast agents (ORCAs) for the in vivo detection of glioma tumor in animal models. A first set of molecules (CDn1, n=6,7,8 is the number of both TEMPO and glucopyranose units) was studied by superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID) magnetometry in order to define the role of the CD macrocycle on the effective magnetic moment (μ
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Contrast Media/chemistry ; Cyclic N-Oxides/chemistry ; Cyclodextrins/chemistry ; Female ; Glioma/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Rats, Wistar
Chemical Substances	Contrast Media ; Cyclic N-Oxides ; Cyclodextrins ; TEMPO (VQN7359ICQ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-04
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2192-6506
ISSN (online)	2192-6506
DOI	10.1002/cplu.202000190
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