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Book ; Online: Feature Selection on Sentinel-2 Multi-spectral Imagery for Efficient Tree Cover Estimation

Nazir, Usman / Uppal, Momin / Tahir, Muhammad / Khalid, Zubair

2023

Abstract: This paper proposes a multi-spectral random forest classifier with suitable feature selection and masking for tree cover estimation in urban areas. The key feature of the proposed classifier is filtering out the built-up region using spectral indices ... ...

Abstract	This paper proposes a multi-spectral random forest classifier with suitable feature selection and masking for tree cover estimation in urban areas. The key feature of the proposed classifier is filtering out the built-up region using spectral indices followed by random forest classification on the remaining mask with carefully selected features. Using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, we evaluate the performance of the proposed technique on a specified area (approximately 82 acres) of Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS) and demonstrate that our method outperforms a conventional random forest classifier as well as state-of-the-art methods such as European Space Agency (ESA) WorldCover 10m 2020 product as well as a DeepLabv3 deep learning architecture. Comment: IEEE IGARSS 2023
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-05-31
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Efficient stochastic generators with spherical harmonic transformation for high-resolution global climate simulations from CESM2-LENS2

Song, Yan / Khalid, Zubair / Genton, Marc G.

2023

Abstract: Earth system models (ESMs) are fundamental for understanding Earth's complex climate system. However, the computational demands and storage requirements of ESM simulations limit their utility. For the newly published CESM2-LENS2 data, which suffer from ... ...

Abstract	Earth system models (ESMs) are fundamental for understanding Earth's complex climate system. However, the computational demands and storage requirements of ESM simulations limit their utility. For the newly published CESM2-LENS2 data, which suffer from this issue, we propose a novel stochastic generator (SG) as a practical complement to the CESM2, capable of rapidly producing emulations closely mirroring training simulations. Our SG leverages the spherical harmonic transformation (SHT) to shift from spatial to spectral domains, enabling efficient low-rank approximations that significantly reduce computational and storage costs. By accounting for axial symmetry and retaining distinct ranks for land and ocean regions, our SG captures intricate non-stationary spatial dependencies. Additionally, a modified TGH transformation accommodates non-Gaussianity in high-temporal-resolution data. We apply the proposed SG to generate emulations for surface temperature simulations from the CESM2-LENS2 data across various scales, marking the first attempt of reproducing daily data. These emulations are then meticulously validated against training simulations. This work offers a promising complementary pathway for efficient climate modeling and analysis while overcoming computational and storage limitations.
Keywords	Statistics - Applications
Subject code	612
Publishing date	2023-10-03
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: TFNet

Waseem, Muhammad Ahmad / Tahir, Muhammad / Khalid, Zubair / Uppal, Momin

Tuning Fork Network with Neighborhood Pixel Aggregation for Improved Building Footprint Extraction

2023

Abstract: This paper considers the problem of extracting building footprints from satellite imagery -- a task that is critical for many urban planning and decision-making applications. While recent advancements in deep learning have made great strides in automated ...

Abstract	This paper considers the problem of extracting building footprints from satellite imagery -- a task that is critical for many urban planning and decision-making applications. While recent advancements in deep learning have made great strides in automated detection of building footprints, state-of-the-art methods available in existing literature often generate erroneous results for areas with densely connected buildings. Moreover, these methods do not incorporate the context of neighborhood images during training thus generally resulting in poor performance at image boundaries. In light of these gaps, we propose a novel Tuning Fork Network (TFNet) design for deep semantic segmentation that not only performs well for widely-spaced building but also has good performance for buildings that are closely packed together. The novelty of TFNet architecture lies in a a single encoder followed by two parallel decoders to separately reconstruct the building footprint and the building edge. In addition, the TFNet design is coupled with a novel methodology of incorporating neighborhood information at the tile boundaries during the training process. This methodology further improves performance, especially at the tile boundaries. For performance comparisons, we utilize the SpaceNet2 and WHU datasets, as well as a dataset from an area in Lahore, Pakistan that captures closely connected buildings. For all three datasets, the proposed methodology is found to significantly outperform benchmark methods.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-11-05
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Exploiting Heteroaggregation to Quantify the Contact Angle of Charged Colloids at Interfaces

Sabapathy, Manigandan / Md, Khalid Zubair / Kumar, Hemant / Ramamirtham, Sashikumar / Mani, Ethayaraja / Basavaraj, Madivala G.

Langmuir. 2022 June 09, v. 38, no. 24

2022

Abstract: We exploit the aggregation between oppositely charged particles to visualize and quantify the equilibrium position of charged colloidal particles at the fluid–water interface. A dispersion of commercially available charge-stabilized nanoparticles was ... ...

Abstract	We exploit the aggregation between oppositely charged particles to visualize and quantify the equilibrium position of charged colloidal particles at the fluid–water interface. A dispersion of commercially available charge-stabilized nanoparticles was used as the aqueous phase to create oil–water and air–water interfaces. The colloidal particles whose charge was opposite that of the nanoparticles in the aqueous phase were deposited at the chosen fluid–water interface. Heteroaggregation, i.e., aggregation between oppositely charged particles, leads to the deposition of nanoparticles onto the larger particle located at the interface; however, this only occurs on the surface of the particle in contact with the aqueous phase. This selective deposition of nanoparticles on the surfaces of the particles exposed to water enables the distinct visualization of the circular three-phase contact line around the particles positioned at the fluid–water interface. Since the electrostatic association between the nanoparticles and the colloids at interfaces is strong, the nanoparticle assembly on the larger particles is preserved even after being transferred to solid substrates via dip-coating. This facilitates the easy visualization of the contact line by electron microscopy and the determination of the equilibrium contact angle of colloidal particles (θ) at the fluid–water interface. The suitability of the method is demonstrated by the measurement of the three-phase contact angle of positively and negatively charged polystyrene particles located at fluid–water interfaces by considering particles with sizes varying from 220 nm to 8.71 μm. The study highlights the effect of the size ratio between the nanoparticles in the aqueous phase and the colloidal particles on the accuracy of the measurement of θ.
Keywords	contact angle ; electron microscopy ; polystyrenes
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0609
Size	p. 7433-7441.
Publishing place	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2005937-1
ISSN	1520-5827 ; 0743-7463
ISSN (online)	1520-5827
ISSN	0743-7463
DOI	10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00348
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Online: Estimation of Groundwater Storage Variations in Indus River Basin using GRACE Data

Sattar, Yahya / Khalid, Zubair

2020

Abstract: The depletion and variations of groundwater storage~(GWS) are of critical importance for sustainable groundwater management. In this work, we use Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) to estimate variations in the terrestrial water storage~(TWS) ...

Abstract	The depletion and variations of groundwater storage~(GWS) are of critical importance for sustainable groundwater management. In this work, we use Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) to estimate variations in the terrestrial water storage~(TWS) and use it in conjunction with the Global Land Data Assimilation System~(GLDAS) data to extract GWS variations over time for Indus river basin~(IRB). We present a data processing framework that processes and combines these data-sets to provide an estimate of GWS changes. We also present the design of a band-limited optimally concentrated window function for spatial localization of the data in the region of interest. We construct the so-called optimal window for the IRB region and use it in our processing framework to analyze the GWS variations from 2005 to 2015. Our analysis reveals the expected seasonal variations in GWS and signifies groundwater depletion on average over the time period. Our proposed processing framework can be used to analyze spatio-temporal variations in TWS and GWS for any region of interest.
Keywords	Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing ; Computer Science - Information Retrieval
Subject code	550
Publishing date	2020-10-23
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Joint SO(3)-Spectral Domain Filtering of Spherical Signals in the Presence of Anisotropic Noise

Aslam, Adeem / Khalid, Zubair

2020

Abstract: We present a joint SO(3)-spectral domain filtering framework using directional spatially localized spherical harmonic transform (DSLSHT), for the estimation and enhancement of random anisotropic signals on the sphere contaminated by random anisotropic ... ...

Abstract	We present a joint SO(3)-spectral domain filtering framework using directional spatially localized spherical harmonic transform (DSLSHT), for the estimation and enhancement of random anisotropic signals on the sphere contaminated by random anisotropic noise. We design an optimal filter for filtering the DSLSHT representation of the noise-contaminated signal in the joint SO(3)-spectral domain. The filter is optimal in the sense that the filtered representation in the joint domain is the minimum mean square error estimate of the DSLSHT representation of the underlying (noise-free) source signal. We also derive a least-square solution for the estimate of the source signal from the filtered representation in the joint domain. We demonstrate the capability of the proposed filtering framework using the Earth topography map in the presence of anisotropic, zero-mean, uncorrelated Gaussian noise, and compare its performance with the joint spatial-spectral domain filtering framework. Comment: 5 PAGES
Keywords	Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing ; Computer Science - Information Theory
Subject code	518
Publishing date	2020-10-14
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Spatial-Slepian Transform on the Sphere

Aslam, Adeem / Khalid, Zubair

2020

Abstract: We present spatial-Slepian transform~(SST) for the representation of signals on the sphere to support localized signal analysis. We use well-optimally concentrated Slepian functions, obtained by solving the Slepian spatial-spectral concentration problem ... ...

Abstract	We present spatial-Slepian transform~(SST) for the representation of signals on the sphere to support localized signal analysis. We use well-optimally concentrated Slepian functions, obtained by solving the Slepian spatial-spectral concentration problem of finding bandlimited and spatially optimally concentrated functions on the sphere, to formulate the proposed transform and obtain the joint spatial-Slepian domain representation of the signal. Due to the optimal energy concentration of the Slepian functions in the spatial domain, the proposed spatial-Slepian transform allows us to probe spatially localized content of the signal. Furthermore, we present an inverse transform to recover the signal from the spatial-Slepian coefficients, and show that well-optimally concentrated rotated Slepian functions form a tight frame on the sphere. We develop an algorithm for the fast computation of the spatial-Slepian transform and carry out computational complexity analysis. We present the formulation of SST for zonal Slepian functions, which are spatially optimally concentrated in the polar cap~(axisymmetric) region, and provide an illustration using the Earth topography map. To demonstrate the utility of the proposed transform, we carry out localized variation analysis; employing SST for detecting hidden localized variations in the signal. Comment: 10 pages
Keywords	Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing ; Computer Science - Information Theory ; Physics - Data Analysis ; Statistics and Probability
Subject code	515
Publishing date	2020-10-14
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Exploiting Heteroaggregation to Quantify the Contact Angle of Charged Colloids at Interfaces.

Sabapathy, Manigandan / Md, Khalid Zubair / Kumar, Hemant / Ramamirtham, Sashikumar / Mani, Ethayaraja / Basavaraj, Madivala G

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids

2022 Volume 38, Issue 24, Page(s) 7433–7441

Abstract: We exploit the aggregation between oppositely charged particles to visualize and quantify the equilibrium position of charged colloidal particles at the fluid-water interface. A dispersion of commercially available charge-stabilized nanoparticles was ... ...

Abstract	We exploit the aggregation between oppositely charged particles to visualize and quantify the equilibrium position of charged colloidal particles at the fluid-water interface. A dispersion of commercially available charge-stabilized nanoparticles was used as the aqueous phase to create oil-water and air-water interfaces. The colloidal particles whose charge was opposite that of the nanoparticles in the aqueous phase were deposited at the chosen fluid-water interface. Heteroaggregation, i.e., aggregation between oppositely charged particles, leads to the deposition of nanoparticles onto the larger particle located at the interface; however, this only occurs on the surface of the particle in contact with the aqueous phase. This selective deposition of nanoparticles on the surfaces of the particles exposed to water enables the distinct visualization of the circular three-phase contact line around the particles positioned at the fluid-water interface. Since the electrostatic association between the nanoparticles and the colloids at interfaces is strong, the nanoparticle assembly on the larger particles is preserved even after being transferred to solid substrates via dip-coating. This facilitates the easy visualization of the contact line by electron microscopy and the determination of the equilibrium contact angle of colloidal particles (θ) at the fluid-water interface. The suitability of the method is demonstrated by the measurement of the three-phase contact angle of positively and negatively charged polystyrene particles located at fluid-water interfaces by considering particles with sizes varying from 220 nm to 8.71 μm. The study highlights the effect of the size ratio between the nanoparticles in the aqueous phase and the colloidal particles on the accuracy of the measurement of θ.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2005937-1
ISSN	1520-5827 ; 0743-7463
ISSN (online)	1520-5827
ISSN	0743-7463
DOI	10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00348
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: A case of malignant mesothelioma in a young patient with childhood leukaemia who had received total body irradiation.

Hayat, Redwan / Ahmed, Saad / Badiger, Rekha / Lee, Shi Han / Peryt, Adam / Gilligan, David / Khalid, Zubair

Oxford medical case reports

2023 Volume 2023, Issue 5, Page(s) omac151

Abstract: This case report explores a 34-year-old male diagnosed with mesothelioma who had no known risk factors. The patient initially was treated for empyema with antibiotics but later represented to hospital with worsening symptoms. He underwent a surgical ... ...

Abstract	This case report explores a 34-year-old male diagnosed with mesothelioma who had no known risk factors. The patient initially was treated for empyema with antibiotics but later represented to hospital with worsening symptoms. He underwent a surgical Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery procedure and lung biopsy, which revealed a diagnosis of mesothelioma. The young age of the patient as well as absence of significant risk factors for mesothelioma made the diagnosis unexpected. The patient had total body irradiation (TBI) therapy for leukaemia as a child, which increases the risk of developing cancer. However, there are limited studies exploring the risk of pleural mesothelioma post-TBI. Young patients who represent to hospital, with limited response to initial treatment, and suspicious radiological features should be considered for lung biopsy to reduce the risk of a missed diagnosis. Patients with a background of TBI should also be considered for follow-up to monitor for any subsequent malignancy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2766251-2
ISSN	2053-8855
ISSN	2053-8855
DOI	10.1093/omcr/omac151
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Controlling the Surface Morphology of Two-Dimensional Nano-Materials upon Molecule-Mediated Crystal Growth.

Yamaguchi, Tetsuo / Kim, Hyoung-Jun / Park, Hee Jung / Kim, Taeho / Khalid, Zubair / Park, Jin Kuen / Oh, Jae-Min

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 13, Issue 16

Abstract: The surface morphology of Mg-Al-layered double hydroxide (LDH) was successfully controlled by reconstruction during systematic phase transformation from calcined LDH, which is referred to as layered double oxide (LDO). The LDH reconstructed its original ... ...

Abstract	The surface morphology of Mg-Al-layered double hydroxide (LDH) was successfully controlled by reconstruction during systematic phase transformation from calcined LDH, which is referred to as layered double oxide (LDO). The LDH reconstructed its original phase by the hydration of LDO with expanded basal spacing when reacted with water, including carbonate or methyl orange molecules. During the reaction, the degree of crystal growth along the ab-plane and stacking along the c-axis was significantly influenced by the molecular size and the reaction conditions. The lower concentration of carbonate gave smaller particles on the surface of larger LDO (2000 nm), while the higher concentration induced a sand-rose structure. The reconstruction of smaller-sized LDH (350 nm) did not depend on the concentration of carbonate due to effective adsorption, and it gave a sand-rose structure and exfoliated the LDH layers. The higher the concentration of methyl orange and the longer the reaction time applied, the rougher the surface was obtained with a certain threshold point of the methyl orange concentration. The surface roughness generally increased with the loading mount of methyl orange. However, the degree of the surface roughness even increased after the methyl orange loading reached equilibrium. The result suggested that the surface roughening was mediated by not only the incorporation of guest molecules into the LDH but also a crystal arrangement after a sufficient amount of methyl orange was accommodated.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662255-5
ISSN	2079-4991
ISSN	2079-4991
DOI	10.3390/nano13162363
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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