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Article: Diagnostic Biomarkers for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Using Spectroscopy Techniques: A Systematic Review.

Khan, Rabia Sannam / Malik, Haroon

2023 Volume 11, Issue 1

Abstract: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse maternal and foetal consequences, along with the subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and several other diseases. Due to early risk stratification in the prevention of ... ...

Abstract	Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse maternal and foetal consequences, along with the subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and several other diseases. Due to early risk stratification in the prevention of progression of GDM, improvements in biomarker determination for GDM diagnosis will enhance the optimization of both maternal and foetal health. Spectroscopy techniques are being used in an increasing number of applications in medicine for investigating biochemical pathways and the identification of key biomarkers associated with the pathogenesis of GDM. The significance of spectroscopy promises the molecular information without the need for special stains and dyes; therefore, it speeds up and simplifies the necessary ex vivo and in vivo analysis for interventions in healthcare. All the selected studies showed that spectroscopy techniques were effective in the identification of biomarkers through specific biofluids. Existing GDM prediction and diagnosis through spectroscopy techniques presented invariable findings. Further studies are required in larger, ethnically diverse populations. This systematic review provides the up-to-date state of research on biomarkers in GDM, which were identified via various spectroscopy techniques, and a discussion of the clinical significance of these biomarkers in the prediction, diagnosis, and management of GDM.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2720869-2
ISSN	2079-9721
ISSN	2079-9721
DOI	10.3390/diseases11010016
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Article ; Online: Alveolar Ridge Preservation with Autologous Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF): Case Reports and the Rationale.

Ucer, Cemal / Khan, Rabia S

Dentistry journal

2023 Volume 11, Issue 10

Abstract: In dental implantology, alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) has emerged as a standard technique to address dimensional changes that affect alveolar ridge morphology following tooth loss. Various alternative graft materials, including xenografts, alloplasts, ...

Abstract	In dental implantology, alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) has emerged as a standard technique to address dimensional changes that affect alveolar ridge morphology following tooth loss. Various alternative graft materials, including xenografts, alloplasts, and allografts, have been effectively employed in fresh extraction sites for ARP. Current evidence suggests that these materials primarily serve as bio-scaffolds, which are slowly incorporated, thus necessitating a waiting period of at least 4-6 months before implant placement. Consequently, the ARP technique extends the overall duration of implant treatment by several months. Recently, the incorporation of a form of autologous platelet concentrate, known as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), has been advocated in conjunction with ARP as a method of bioenhancement of soft- and hard-tissue healing and regeneration. PRF contains platelet-derived growth factors, hormones, and bioactive components like cytokines that have demonstrated the ability to stimulate angiogenesis and tissue regeneration throughout all phases of wound healing. Additionally, the concentration of leukocytes present in the PRF matrix plays a vital role in tissue healing and regeneration as part of the osteoimmune response. The reported advantages of incorporating autogenous PRF platelet concentrates during ARP encompass reduced healing time, improved angiogenesis and bone regeneration, socket sealing through the fibrin matrix, antibacterial properties, and decreased post-extraction pain and infection risk. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to review the existing evidence regarding the application of PRF in alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) following tooth extraction. Two clinical case studies are presented, wherein ARP was enhanced with PRF, followed by implant placement within a relatively short period of 8 weeks. These cases serve as further proof of concept for supporting the adjuvant use of PRF to enhance healing and accelerate implant placement after ARP.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2681351-8
ISSN	2304-6767 ; 2304-6767
ISSN (online)	2304-6767
ISSN	2304-6767
DOI	10.3390/dj11100244
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Article ; Online: Extraction Socket Augmentation with Autologous Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF): The Rationale for Socket Augmentation.

Ucer, Cemal / Khan, Rabia S

Dentistry journal

2023 Volume 11, Issue 8

Abstract: After tooth extraction, the alveolar ridge undergoes a physiological process of remodelling and disuse atrophy. Socket augmentation (SA) has been shown to preserve alveolar bone volume in order to facilitate implant placement and reduce the need for ... ...

Abstract	After tooth extraction, the alveolar ridge undergoes a physiological process of remodelling and disuse atrophy. Socket augmentation (SA) has been shown to preserve alveolar bone volume in order to facilitate implant placement and reduce the need for staged grafting at a later date. Although autogenic grafting has been shown to be the gold standard in bone regeneration, it has significant disadvantages. To prevent post-extraction volumetric alterations and alveolar bone resorption occurring, alternative grafting materials, including xenografts, alloplasts, and allografts, have been used successfully in fresh extraction sites. However, these materials act mostly as bio-scaffolds and require a slower integration period of 6-8 months prior to implant placement. Recently, the use of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been advocated alongside socket augmentation as a method of bio-enhancement of healing of soft and hard tissues. PRF contains platelet-derived growth factors, hormones, and bioactive components such as cytokines that have been shown to promote angiogenesis and tissue regeneration during wound healing. The aim of this article is to review the evidence base for the SA technique Clinical benefits of SA will be discussed with a reference to two cases. Therefore, this narrative review will discuss the post-extraction bone changes, the importance of SA, and the bio-enhancement role of PRF in the management of extraction site defects when the alternative technique of immediate implant placement is not possible or contraindicated.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2681351-8
ISSN	2304-6767 ; 2304-6767
ISSN (online)	2304-6767
ISSN	2304-6767
DOI	10.3390/dj11080196
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Article ; Online: Epidemiology of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Khan, Rabia / Kuenzig, M Ellen / Benchimol, Eric I

Gastroenterology clinics of North America

2023 Volume 52, Issue 3, Page(s) 483–496

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including subtypes Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder most often diagnosed in young adulthood. The incidence and prevalence of pediatric-onset IBD is increasing globally. IBD is ... ...

Abstract	Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including subtypes Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder most often diagnosed in young adulthood. The incidence and prevalence of pediatric-onset IBD is increasing globally. IBD is likely caused by an interplay of multiple environmental factors resulting in a dysregulated mucosal response to the commensal intestinal microbiota in genetically predisposed individuals. This article provides an overview of pediatric IBD epidemiology and environmental risk factors associated with its development, such as the Hygiene Hypothesis, air pollution, greenspace and blue space, neonatal factors, antibiotics, and diet.
MeSH term(s)	Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Child ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Risk Factors ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/etiology ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications ; Colitis, Ulcerative/etiology ; Crohn Disease/epidemiology ; Diet/adverse effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	92114-2
ISSN	1558-1942 ; 0889-8553
ISSN (online)	1558-1942
ISSN	0889-8553
DOI	10.1016/j.gtc.2023.05.001
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Article ; Online: Letter to the Editor:

Byeman, Connor J / Khan, Rabia S / Gunderson, Carissa

Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology

2023 Volume 33, Issue 4, Page(s) 156–157

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Clozapine/adverse effects ; Myocarditis/chemically induced ; Myocarditis/diagnostic imaging ; Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Fibrosis
Chemical Substances	Clozapine (J60AR2IKIC) ; Antipsychotic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1055410-5
ISSN	1557-8992 ; 1044-5463
ISSN (online)	1557-8992
ISSN	1044-5463
DOI	10.1089/cap.2022.0075
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Article: A Rare Case of Diabetic Nephropathy and Type III Collagen Glomerulopathy.

Toro, Diana / Khan, Rabia / Mohammed, Amir

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 8, Page(s) e44284

Abstract: Collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy (CG) is a poorly understood kidney disease characterized by extensive deposition of abnormal type III collagen within the glomeruli. We report the case of a 25-year-old man with known type I diabetes mellitus who ... ...

Abstract	Collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy (CG) is a poorly understood kidney disease characterized by extensive deposition of abnormal type III collagen within the glomeruli. We report the case of a 25-year-old man with known type I diabetes mellitus who presented to the emergency department with diaphoresis, nephrotic-range proteinuria, hypertension, and elevated creatinine. Renal biopsy revealed combined collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy and diabetic nephropathy. This case highlights the clinicopathological features of type III collagen glomerulopathy and its possible association with diabetic nephropathy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.44284
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Article ; Online: Constructing "Burnout": A Critical Discourse Analysis of Burnout in Postgraduate Medical Education.

Khan, Rabia / Hodges, Brian David / Martimianakis, Maria Athina

Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges

2023 Volume 98, Issue 11S, Page(s) S116–S122

Abstract: Purpose: In 1974, Dr. Herbert Freudenberger coined the term burnout. With the creation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory in 1984, burnout went from a pop psychology term to a highly studied phenomenon in medicine. Exponential growth in studies of burnout ...

Abstract	Purpose: In 1974, Dr. Herbert Freudenberger coined the term burnout. With the creation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory in 1984, burnout went from a pop psychology term to a highly studied phenomenon in medicine. Exponential growth in studies of burnout culminated in its adoption into the International Classification of Diseases-11 in 2022. Yet, despite increased awareness and efforts aimed at addressing burnout in medicine, many surveys report burnout rates have increased among trainees. The authors aimed to identify different discourses that legitimate or function to mobilize burnout in postgraduate medical education (PGME), to answer the question: Why does burnout persist in PGME despite efforts to ameliorate it? Method: Using a Foucauldian discourse analysis, this study examined the socializing period of PGME as an entry point into burnout's persistence. The archive from which the discourses were constructed included over 500 academic articles, numerous policy documents, autobiographies, videos, documentaries, social media, materials from conferences, and threads in forums including Reddit. Results: This study identified 3 discourses of burnout from 1974-2019: burnout as illness, burnout as occupational stress, and burnout as existentialism. Each discourse was associated with statements of truth, signs and signifiers, roles that individuals play within the discourse, and different institutions that gained visibility as a result of differing discourses. Conclusions: Burnout persists despite effort to ameliorate it because it is a productive construct for organizations. In its current form, it depoliticizes issues of health in favor of wellness and gives voice to the challenge of making meaning from the experience of being a clinician.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Burnout, Professional/psychology ; Education, Medical ; Occupational Stress ; Medicine ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Chemical Substances	propylene glycol methyl ether (6HV533WJRZ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	96192-9
ISSN	1938-808X ; 1040-2446
ISSN (online)	1938-808X
ISSN	1040-2446
DOI	10.1097/ACM.0000000000005358
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Article ; Online: Effectiveness of Antiviral Drugs <em>versus</em> Vaccine against MPOX Virus Infection.

Khan, Muhammad Ahsan / Khan, Arbish / Khan, Rabia Mahnoor

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP

2023 Volume 33, Issue 8, Page(s) 955–956

Abstract: Null. ...

Abstract	Null.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Vaccines ; Mpox (monkeypox)/drug therapy ; Mpox (monkeypox)/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-08
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2276646-7
ISSN	1681-7168 ; 1022-386X
ISSN (online)	1681-7168
ISSN	1022-386X
DOI	10.29271/jcpsp.2023.08.955
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Article ; Online: Evolution of Cardiovascular Findings in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Across COVID-19 Variants: Common Trends and Unusual Presentations.

Khan, Rabia S / Ordog, Theadora / Hong, Sandy D / Schmitz, Anna H / Thattaliyath, Bijoy / Sharathkumar, Anjali A

Pediatric cardiology

2024 Volume 45, Issue 3, Page(s) 552–559

Abstract: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare condition following COVID-19 infection. Cardiac involvement is common and includes left ventricular systolic dysfunction, cardiac marker elevation, electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, and ... ...

Abstract	Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare condition following COVID-19 infection. Cardiac involvement is common and includes left ventricular systolic dysfunction, cardiac marker elevation, electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, and coronary artery dilation. This single-center retrospective cohort study compares cardiovascular disease between three major SARS-CoV-2 variants and describes the evolution of findings in medium-term follow-up. Of 69 total children (mean age 9.2 years, 58% male), 60 (87%) had cardiovascular involvement with the most common features being troponin elevation in 33 (47%) and left ventricular dysfunction in 22 (32%). Based on presumed infection timing, 61 patients were sorted into variant cohorts of Alpha, Delta, and Omicron. Hospitalization was longer for the Delta group (7.7 days) vs Alpha (5.1 days, p = 0.0065) and Omicron (4.9 days, p = 0.012). Troponin elevation was more common in Delta compared to Alpha (13/20 vs 7/25, p = 0.18), and cumulative evidence of cardiac injury (echocardiographic abnormality and/or troponin elevation) was more common in Delta (17/20) compared with Alpha (12/25, p = 0.013) or Omicron (8/16, p = 0.034). Forty-nine (77%) of the original cohort (n = 69) had no cardiac symptoms or findings beyond 3 months post-hospitalization. Cardiac MRI was performed in 28 patients (between 3 and 6 months post-hospitalization) and was normal in 25 patients (89%). The differences in the variant cohorts may be due to alteration of the immune landscape with higher severity of COVID-19 infection. Despite overall reassuring cardiac outcomes, it is important to note the variability of presentation and remain vigilant with future variants.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; COVID-19/complications ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Retrospective Studies ; Coronary Aneurysm ; Coronary Vessels ; Troponin ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/diagnosis
Chemical Substances	Troponin
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	800857-7
ISSN	1432-1971 ; 0172-0643
ISSN (online)	1432-1971
ISSN	0172-0643
DOI	10.1007/s00246-023-03397-2
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Article ; Online: Monolignol Potential and Insights into Direct Depolymerization of Fruit and Nutshell Remains for High Value Sustainable Aromatics.

Khan, Rabia J / Guan, Jianyu / Lau, Chun Y / Zhuang, Huichuan / Rehman, Shazia / Leu, Shao-Yuan

ChemSusChem

2024 Volume 17, Issue 7, Page(s) e202301306

Abstract: The inedible parts of nuts and stone fruits are low-cost and lignin-rich feedstock for more sustainable production of aromatic chemicals in comparison with the agricultural and forestry residues. However, the depolymerization performances on food-related ...

Abstract	The inedible parts of nuts and stone fruits are low-cost and lignin-rich feedstock for more sustainable production of aromatic chemicals in comparison with the agricultural and forestry residues. However, the depolymerization performances on food-related biomass remains unclear, owing to the broad physicochemical variations from the edible parts of the fruits and plant species. In this study, the monomer production potentials of ten major fruit and nutshell biomass were investigated with comprehensive numerical information derived from instrumental analysis, such as plant cell wall chemical compositions, syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G ratios, and contents of lignin substructure linkages (β-O-4, β-β, β-5). A standardized one-pot reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) process was applied to benchmark the monomer yields, and the results were statistically analyzed. Among all the tested biomass, mango endocarp provided the highest monolignol yields of 37.1 % per dry substrates. Positive S-lignin (70-84 %) resulted in higher monomer yield mainly due to more cleavable β-O-4 linkages and less condensed C-C linkages. Strong positive relationships were identified between β-O-4 and S-lignin and between β-5 and G-lignin. The analytical, numerical, and experimental results of this study shed lights to process design of lignin-first biorefinery in food-processing industries and waste management works.
MeSH term(s)	Lignin/chemistry ; Fruit ; Plants ; Catalysis ; Biomass
Chemical Substances	Lignin (9005-53-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-18
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1864-564X
ISSN (online)	1864-564X
DOI	10.1002/cssc.202301306
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