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Article ; Online: Investigating school absenteeism and refusal among Australian children and adolescents using Apriori association rule mining.

Haque, Umme Marzia / Kabir, Enamul / Khanam, Rasheda

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 1907

Abstract: Identifying and determining the multitude of reasons behind school absences of students is often challenging. This study aims to uncover the hidden reasons for school absence in children and adolescents. The analysis is conducted on a national survey ... ...

Abstract	Identifying and determining the multitude of reasons behind school absences of students is often challenging. This study aims to uncover the hidden reasons for school absence in children and adolescents. The analysis is conducted on a national survey that includes 2967 Australian children and adolescents aged 11-17. The Apriori association rule generator of machine learning techniques and binary logistic regression are used to identify the significant predictors of school absences. Out of 2484, 83.7% (n = 2079) aged (11-17) years children and adolescents have missed school for various reasons, 42.28% (n = 879) are (11-15) years old, 24.52% (n = 609) and 16.9% (n = 420) are 16- and 17-years old adolescents respectively. A considerable proportion of adolescents, specifically 16.4% (n = 407) and 23.4% (n = 486) of 16 and 17 years old, respectively, have selected 'refused to say' as their reason for not attending school. It also highlights the negative outcomes associated with undisclosed reasons for school absence, such as bullying, excessive internet/gaming, reduced family involvement, suicide attempts, and existential hopelessness. The findings of the national survey underscore the importance of addressing these undisclosed reasons for school absence to improve the overall well-being and educational outcomes of children and adolescents.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Absenteeism ; Australia ; Schools ; Educational Status ; Data Mining
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-51230-4
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Article: The validity of the environmental Kuznets curve in the presence of long-run civil wars: A case of Afghanistan.

Hameed, Mohammad Ajmal / Rahman, Mohammad Mafizur / Khanam, Rasheda

Heliyon

2024 Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) e25341

Abstract: The war in Afghanistan left significantly negative consequences in all spheres of its society, leading the country to the highest levels of poverty, hunger, and environmental damage. This study explores the long-run impact of civil wars on environmental ... ...

Abstract	The war in Afghanistan left significantly negative consequences in all spheres of its society, leading the country to the highest levels of poverty, hunger, and environmental damage. This study explores the long-run impact of civil wars on environmental degradation in Afghanistan using the conceptual framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve and models augmented with pollutants, civil wars, comprehensive financial development index, and macroeconomic predictors on a set of data from the first quarter of 2002 to the first quarter of 2020. However, while the results confirm long-run relationships amid indicators by the autoregressive distributed lags bound test, the results of the vector error-correcting model to Granger causality reveal bidirectional causality links between CO
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25341
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Article ; Online: The Hidden Toll of Psychological Distress in Australian Adults and Its Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life Measured as Health State Utilities.

Ul Husnain, Muhammad Iftikhar / Hajizadeh, Mohammad / Ahmad, Hasnat / Khanam, Rasheda

Applied health economics and health policy

2024

Abstract: Background: Psychological distress (PD) is a major health problem that affects all aspects of health-related quality of life including physical, mental and social health, leading to a substantial human and economic burden. Studies have revealed a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Psychological distress (PD) is a major health problem that affects all aspects of health-related quality of life including physical, mental and social health, leading to a substantial human and economic burden. Studies have revealed a concerning rise in the prevalence of PD and various mental health conditions among Australians, particularly in female individuals. There is a scarcity of studies that estimate health state utilities (HSUs), which reflect the overall health-related quality of life in individuals with PD. No such studies have been conducted in Australia thus far. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the age-specific, sex-specific and PD category-specific HSUs (disutilities) in Australian adults with PD to inform healthcare decision making in the management of PD. Methods: Data on age, sex, SF-36/SF6D responses, Kessler psychological distress (K10) scale scores and other characteristics of N = 15,139 participants (n = 8149 female individuals) aged >15 years were derived from the latest wave (21) of the nationally representative Household, Income and Labor Dynamics in Australia survey. Participants were grouped into the severity categories of no (K10 score: 10-19), mild (K10: 20-24), moderate (K10: 25-29) and severe PD (K10: 30-50). Both crude and adjusted HSUs were calculated from participants' SF-36 profiles, considering potential confounders such as smoking, marital status, remoteness, education and income levels. The calculations were based on the SF-6D algorithm and aligned with Australian population norms. Additionally, the HSUs were stratified by age, sex and PD categories. Disutilities of PD, representing the mean difference between HSUs of people with PD and those without, were also calculated for each group. Results: The average age of individuals was 46.130 years (46% male), and 31% experienced PD in the last 4 weeks. Overall, individuals with PD had significantly lower mean HSUs than those likely to be no PD, 0.637 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.636, 0.640) vs 0.776 (95% CI 0.775, 0.777) i.e. disutility: -0.139 [95% CI -0.139, -0.138]). Mean disutilities of -0.108 (95% CI -0.110, -0.104), -0.140 (95% CI -0.142, -0.138), and -0.188 (95% CI -0.190, -0.187) were observed for mild PD, moderate PD and severe PD, respectively. Disutilities of PD also differed by age and sex groups. For instance, female individuals had up to 0.049 points lower mean HSUs than male individuals across the three classifications of PD. There was a clear decline in health-related quality of life with increasing age, demonstrated by lower mean HSUs in older population age groups, that ranged from 0.818 (95% CI 0.817, 0.818) for the 15-24 years age group with no PD to 0.496 (95% CI 0.491, 0.500) for the 65+ years age group with severe PD). Across all ages and genders, respondents were more likely to report issues in certain dimensions, notably vitality, and these responses did not uniformly align with ageing. Conclusions: The burden of PD in Australia is substantial, with a significant impact on female individuals and older individuals. Implementing age-specific and sex-specific healthcare interventions to address PD among Australian adults may greatly alleviate this burden. The PD state-specific HSUs calculated in our study can serve as valuable inputs for future health economic evaluations of PD in Australia and similar populations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-26
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2171420-4
ISSN	1179-1896 ; 1175-5652
ISSN (online)	1179-1896
ISSN	1175-5652
DOI	10.1007/s40258-024-00879-z
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Article ; Online: The health consequences of civil wars: evidence from Afghanistan.

Hameed, Mohammad Ajmal / Rahman, Mohammad Mafizur / Khanam, Rasheda

BMC public health

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 154

Abstract: This study examines the effects of long-run civil wars on healthcare, which is an important component of human capital development and their causality nexus in Afghanistan using the MVAR (modified vector autoregressive) approach and the Granger non- ... ...

Abstract	This study examines the effects of long-run civil wars on healthcare, which is an important component of human capital development and their causality nexus in Afghanistan using the MVAR (modified vector autoregressive) approach and the Granger non-causality model covering data period 2002Q3-2020Q4. The primary results support a significant long-run relationship between variables, while the results of the MVAR model indicate the per capita cost of war, per capita GDP, and age dependency ratio have significantly positive impacts on per capita health expenditures, whereas child mortality rate and crude death rate have negative impacts. The results of the Granger non-causality approach demonstrate that there is a statistically significant bidirectional causality nexus between per capita health expenditure, per capita cost of war, per capita GDP, child mortality rate, crude death rate, and age dependency ratio, while it also supports the existence of strong and significant interconnectivity and multidimensionality between per capita cost of war and per capita health expenditure, with a significantly strong feedback response from the control variables. Important policy implications sourced from the key findings are also discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Afghanistan ; Health Expenditures ; Child Mortality ; Causality ; Armed Conflicts
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-022-14720-6
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Article: Food hygiene knowledge and behaviour among domestic food handlers during COVID 19 pandemic in Bangladesh.

Ishra, Rakia / Khanam, Rasheda / Soar, Jeffrey / Sharif, Saif

Food control

2023 , Page(s) 109945

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic reshaped every aspect of life, including food safety. Understanding food safety behaviour at home is necessary for developing effective strategies to mitigate foodborne disease during and after this pandemic. This study administered ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic reshaped every aspect of life, including food safety. Understanding food safety behaviour at home is necessary for developing effective strategies to mitigate foodborne disease during and after this pandemic. This study administered a cross-sectional survey among 503 domestic food handlers to examine the food handlers' food safety concerns during the pandemic and pandemic-related knowledge and hygiene behaviour (PRKHB) in Bangladesh. The results found that only 35.8% of respondents in this study were more concerned about food safety because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the results found a good PRKHB among 95.8% of urban food handlers, overall, 62% showed a poor level of PRKHB. Only 38.8% reported washing their hands after returning home or preparing meals every time. The regression model found that food safety concerns positively related to the PRKHB, and participants who lived in rural areas had a negative association with the PRKHB. The study also explored sociodemographic variations and significant differences observed between urban and rural areas. Meticulous educational campaigns and targeted messages to the food handlers on food safety risks, food handling practices and hand hygiene are necessary to minimise the foodborne disease burden in this region.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1027805-9
ISSN	0956-7135
ISSN	0956-7135
DOI	10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109945
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Article: Early detection of paediatric and adolescent obsessive-compulsive, separation anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using machine learning algorithms.

Haque, Umme Marzia / Kabir, Enamul / Khanam, Rasheda

Health information science and systems

2023 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 31

Abstract: Purpose: Mental health issues of young minds are at the threshold of all development and possibilities. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), separation anxiety disorder (SAD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are three of the most ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Mental health issues of young minds are at the threshold of all development and possibilities. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), separation anxiety disorder (SAD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are three of the most common mental illness affecting children and adolescents. Several studies have been conducted on approaches for recognising OCD, SAD and ADHD, but their accuracy is inadequate due to limited features and participants. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the approach using machine learning (ML) algorithms with 1474 features from Australia's nationally representative mental health survey of children and adolescents. Methods: Based on the internal cross-validation (CV) score of the Tree-based Pipeline Optimization Tool (TPOTClassifier), the dataset has been examined using three of the most optimal algorithms, including Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), and Gaussian Naïve Bayes (GaussianNB). Results: GaussianNB performs well in classifying OCD with 91% accuracy, 76% precision, and 96% specificity as well as in detecting SAD with 79% accuracy, 62% precision, 91% specificity. RF outperformed all other methods in identifying ADHD with 91% accuracy, 94% precision, and 99% specificity. Conclusion: Using Streamlit and Python a web application was developed based on the findings of the analysis. The application will assist parents/guardians and school officials in detecting mental illnesses early in their children and adolescents using signs and symptoms to start the treatment at the earliest convenience.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2697647-X
ISSN	2047-2501
ISSN	2047-2501
DOI	10.1007/s13755-023-00232-z
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Article ; Online: The Healthcare Cost Burden of Asthma in Children: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study.

Ahmad, Kabir / Khanam, Rasheda / Kabir, Enamul / Jürges, Hendrik

Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research

2023 Volume 26, Issue 8, Page(s) 1201–1209

Abstract: Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the extent of healthcare cost increase at population level due to childhood asthma. We aimed to investigate the cross-sectional relationship between asthma and healthcare costs among children aged 2 to 18 ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the extent of healthcare cost increase at population level due to childhood asthma. We aimed to investigate the cross-sectional relationship between asthma and healthcare costs among children aged 2 to 18 years and, in longitudinal analyses, whether costs increase with an increase in the duration of asthma prevalence. Methods: Study participants are 4175 and 4482 children of birth and kindergarten cohorts from the nationally representative Longitudinal Study of Australian Children for whom the linked Medicare cost data are available. The children were followed in all waves from the year 2004 to 2018. Generalized linear models were used to estimate the excess healthcare costs associated with asthma. The sum of Medicare Benefits Schedule and Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme costs constitutes the total healthcare costs. Results: Total excess healthcare costs associated with asthma among the 2- to 18-year-old children were A$4316 per child. At the population level, the estimated total excess Medicare costs associated with current asthma treatment among 2- to 18-year-old children were, on average, A$190.6 million per year (2018 population and price). Compared with the non-asthmatic children, peers with persistent asthma morbidity and treatment requirements had excess costs up to A$20 727 for the B cohort children until 14 years of age, whereas excess costs for the K cohort children were A$19 571 until 18 years of age. Conclusions: Asthma in children imposes a significant financial burden on the public health system. Higher excess healthcare costs of all asthmatic children than the costs of nonasthmatic children provide further economic justification for promoting preventive efforts at early ages.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Aged ; Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Longitudinal Studies ; Australia/epidemiology ; National Health Programs ; Health Care Costs ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Asthma/therapy ; Cost of Illness
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1471745-1
ISSN	1524-4733 ; 1098-3015
ISSN (online)	1524-4733
ISSN	1098-3015
DOI	10.1016/j.jval.2023.04.003
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Article: Socioeconomic inequalities in child and adolescent mental health in Australia: the role of parenting style and parents' relationships.

Gautam, Nirmal / Rahman, Mohammad Mafizur / Hashmi, Rubayyat / Lim, Apiradee / Khanam, Rasheda

Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health

2024 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 28

Abstract: Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in health and their determinants have been studied extensively over the past few decades. However, the role of parenting style and parents' couple relationships in explaining mental health inequalities is limited. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in health and their determinants have been studied extensively over the past few decades. However, the role of parenting style and parents' couple relationships in explaining mental health inequalities is limited. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the distributional impact of parenting style (angry parenting, consistent parenting, and inductive parenting) and parents' couple relationships (e.g., argumentative, happy relationships) on socioeconomic inequalities and by extension on mental health status of Australian children and adolescents. Methods: This study utilized data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (Waves 1-7), specifically focusing on intact biological parent families, while excluding single-parent and blended-family households. We applied the decomposition index and the Blinder Oaxaca method to investigate the extent of the contribution and temporal impact of parenting style and parents' couple relationships on the mental health status of Australian children and adolescents. Results: This study revealed that poor parenting style is the single most important factor that leads to developing mental health difficulties in children and adolescents, especially from low socioeconomic status, and it contributes almost 52% to socioeconomic inequalities in mental health status. Conversely, household income, maternal education, employment status, and parents' couple relationships contributed 28.04%, 10.67%, 9.28%, and 3.34%, respectively, to mental health inequalities in children and adolescents. Conclusion: Overall, this study underscores the importance of parenting style and parents' couple relationships as significant predictors of mental health outcomes in children and adolescents. These results highlight the need for targeted interventions to support families from low socioeconomic backgrounds to address the significant mental health inequalities observed in the study population.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2379599-2
ISSN	1753-2000
ISSN	1753-2000
DOI	10.1186/s13034-024-00719-x
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Article: Investigating the environmental externalities of tourism development: evidence from Tanzania

Kyara, Valensi Corbinian / Rahman, Mohammad Mafizur / Khanam, Rasheda

Heliyon. 2022 June, v. 8, no. 6

2022

Abstract: Tourism growth is an important component for welfare improvement in the host destination, but it can be associated with environmental degradation. The aim of the current study is to assess the environmental impacts of tourism growth in Tanzania, using ... ...

Abstract	Tourism growth is an important component for welfare improvement in the host destination, but it can be associated with environmental degradation. The aim of the current study is to assess the environmental impacts of tourism growth in Tanzania, using time series data for the period 1995–2017. It utilizes ecological footprints as a proxy for environmental damage, tourism receipt as an economic indicator, and primary energy consumption, urban population, and trade openness as control variables. The study employs Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bounds Testing, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), and Granger causality test for analysis and the Wild Bootstrap approach to check the accuracy of the computed statistics. The VECM Granger causality test shows that in the case of Tanzania, international tourism revenue and trade openness compact environmental degradation, while urbanization and primary energy consumption accelerate it. Besides, while long run cointegration exists among the variables, the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis was not ascertained in Tanzania. Therefore, Tanzania must adopt more proactive urban planning strategies to achieve sustainable urbanization thereby improving the quality of the environment. Additionally, it is important for Tanzania to make strategic use of trade and tourism receipts, such as investment on renewable energy, to lessen dependence on fossil fuels, and improve environmental sustainability. So, the study opens new policy perspectives with wide international relevancy as outlined in the policy implication section.
Keywords	economic indicators ; environmental Kuznets curve ; environmental degradation ; income ; international tourism ; issues and policy ; models ; primary energy ; statistics ; time series analysis ; trade ; urban population ; urbanization ; Tanzania
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-06
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09617
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Influence of food safety concerns on safe food purchasing at rural and urban consumers in Bangladesh

Ishra, Rakia / Khanam, Rasheda / Soar, Jeffrey

Appetite. 2022 Dec. 01, v. 179

2022

Abstract: Food contamination and food adulteration are widely known public health issues in Bangladesh. This research explores consumers' perceptions of food hazards and safe food purchasing strategies. The study uses data from a survey of 450 primary household ... ...

Abstract	Food contamination and food adulteration are widely known public health issues in Bangladesh. This research explores consumers' perceptions of food hazards and safe food purchasing strategies. The study uses data from a survey of 450 primary household food purchasers in an urban supermarket and two traditional bazaars in urban and regional areas. This study explored the differences between consumers in urban and regional areas. The urban supermarket consumers showed more significant concerns about food hazards and safe food purchasing strategies than consumers at the urban and regional bazaars. Urban consumers indicated a higher food safety perception, whereas regional consumers were concerned about food safety deterioration. This study finds that urban supermarket consumers considered biological food hazards more during food purchasing than the regional bazaar. Most of the consumers in this study were concerned about chemical food hazards such as formalin and pesticide residues, and these consumers considered food purchasing factors such as tastes and expiry dates more while purchasing food. On the other hand, consumers concerned about biological hazards emphasised food purchasing place and product origin. Urban and regional bazaar consumers considered prices more than urban supermarket consumers. The study also explores sociodemographic variations, such as women having more concern about chemical food hazards than men and people with less formal education levels showing less concern about food hazards. Therefore, dissemination of safe food knowledge, adequate infrastructure, monitoring, and policymaking are some immediate necessary steps to improve food safety situations and safe food accessibility in Bangladesh.
Keywords	adulterated foods ; appetite ; education ; food contamination ; formalin ; infrastructure ; people ; pesticides ; public health ; supermarkets ; surveys ; Bangladesh
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1201
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	764440-1
ISSN	0195-6663
ISSN	0195-6663
DOI	10.1016/j.appet.2022.106306
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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