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Article: Prevalence of Hypogonadism and Associated Risk Factors among Newly Diagnosed ART Naïve HIV-Infected Males in Mwanza, Tanzania.

Iddi, Shabani / Dika, Haruna / Kidenya, Benson / Kalluvya, Samuel

2024 Volume 2024, Page(s) 9679935

Abstract: Background: Hypogonadism is frequent among HIV-infected males and might have significant clinical impact leading to sexual impairment and metabolic derangement. There is limited information about the magnitude of hypogonadism and its associated factors ... ...

Abstract	Background: Hypogonadism is frequent among HIV-infected males and might have significant clinical impact leading to sexual impairment and metabolic derangement. There is limited information about the magnitude of hypogonadism and its associated factors among people living with HIV in Tanzania. We aimed to determine the prevalence of hypogonadism and associated risk factors among newly diagnosed ART naïve HIV-infected men in Mwanza, Tanzania. Methods: Newly diagnosed ART naïve HIV-infected men were enrolled at Voluntary Counseling and Testing Centres of four selected hospitals in the Mwanza region and subjected to thorough clinical and general physical examination including anthropometric measurements. A prestructured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic characteristics and clinical data. Serum total testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and estradiol were estimated. Serum total testosterone <300 ng/dl or testosterone >300 ng/dl with high LH and FSH (compensatory hypogonadism) was taken as markers of hypogonadism. Data were analyzed using STATA version 15. Results: Of the 388 enrolled participants, hypogonadism was found in 47.9%, with secondary hypogonadism (83.9%, 156/186) being the most frequent form. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between hypogonadism and CD4+ count (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.1-3.6; Conclusion: Hypogonadism was found in nearly half (47.9%) of ART naïve HIV-infected men. The majority (83.9%) had secondary hypogonadism. There was a significant association of hypogonadism with older age, herbal medicine use, weight loss, advanced clinical stage, CD4+ count, and decreased libido.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-05
Publishing country	Egypt
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2502951-4
ISSN	1687-8345 ; 1687-8337
ISSN (online)	1687-8345
ISSN	1687-8337
DOI	10.1155/2024/9679935
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Article ; Online: Serum gonadal hormones levels and hypogonadism in ART naïve newly diagnosed HIV infected adult males in Mwanza, Tanzania.

Iddi, Shabani / Dika, Haruna / Kidenya, Benson R / Kalluvya, Samuel

BMC endocrine disorders

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 50

Abstract: Background: Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is an endemic chronic disease which is characterized with progressive depletion of CD4 T cells and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Previous ... ...

Abstract	Background: Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is an endemic chronic disease which is characterized with progressive depletion of CD4 T cells and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Previous studies have associated HIV infection with increased hypogonadism. However, the prevalence of hypogonadism remained poorly defined and widely ranging in various studies. This study aims to evaluate the serum gonadal hormonal levels and hypogonadism in antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve newly diagnosed HIV infected-males in Mwanza, Tanzania. Methods: This was a comparison study involving 81 ART naïve newly diagnosed HIV-infected adult males as study group and 81 apparently healthy HIV-negative males as comparison group. The participants in the study group and comparison group were matched by body mass index and age. Serum hormones [Total testosterone (TT), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E) were estimated. Serum testosterone < 300 ng/dl, or testosterone > 300 ng/dl with high LH and FSH (compensatory hypogonadism) were taken as markers of hypogonadism. Data were analyzed using STATA version 15. Results: The median serum testosterone level among ART naïve newly diagnosed HIV-infected adult males was significantly lower as compared to their comparison group (447 [259-534] versus 517 [396-605]; p = 0.0074) and shown to decrease with decreasing CD4 level. The median [IQR] serum FSH level among ART naïve newly diagnosed HIV-infected adult males was significantly higher than among their comparison group (3.8 [2.1-6.5] versus 2.6 [1.8-4.2]; p = 0.0086). The differences in serum LH and Estradiol were not statistically significant. Furthermore, the proportion of hypogonadism was significantly higher among ART naïve newly diagnosed HIV-infected adult males than in their comparison group (37.0% [30/81] versus 14.8% [12/81]; p = 0.0006). Out of these 30, 24 HIV-infected males had secondary hypogonadism, one had primary, and the remaining five had compensatory hypogonadism. Conclusion: Serum testosterone was lower and follicle stimulating hormone was higher among ART naïve HIV-infected males as compared to the HIV negative controls. Hypogonadism, mainly secondary, is common endocrine abnormality among ART naïve HIV-infected male patients in this study. HIV is associated with variations in gonadal hormones which may lead to sexual dysfunction in infected individuals.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Adult ; HIV Infections/blood ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Hypogonadism/blood ; Hypogonadism/epidemiology ; Hypogonadism/etiology ; Hypogonadism/diagnosis ; Tanzania/epidemiology ; Testosterone/blood ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Gonadal Hormones/blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Estradiol/blood ; Biomarkers/blood ; Follow-Up Studies
Chemical Substances	Testosterone (3XMK78S47O) ; Luteinizing Hormone (9002-67-9) ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone (9002-68-0) ; Gonadal Hormones ; Estradiol (4TI98Z838E) ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2091323-0
ISSN	1472-6823 ; 1472-6823
ISSN (online)	1472-6823
ISSN	1472-6823
DOI	10.1186/s12902-024-01581-w
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Article ; Online: The dawn of a cure for sickle cell disease through CRISPR-based treatment: A critical test of equity in public health genomics.

Mboowa, Gerald / Sserwadda, Ivan / Kanyerezi, Stephen / Tukwasibwe, Stephen / Kidenya, Benson

Annals of human genetics

2024

Abstract: Equity in access to genomic technologies, resources, and products remains a great challenge. This was evident especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic when the majority of lower middle-income countries were unable to achieve at ... ...

Abstract	Equity in access to genomic technologies, resources, and products remains a great challenge. This was evident especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic when the majority of lower middle-income countries were unable to achieve at least 10% population vaccination coverage during initial COVID-19 vaccine rollouts, despite the rapid development of those vaccines. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited monogenic red blood cell disorder that affects hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen through the body. Globally, the African continent carries the highest burden of SCD with at least 240,000 children born each year with the disease. SCD has evolved from a treatable to a curable disease. Recently, the UK medical regulator approved its cure through clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based treatment, whereas the US Food and Drug Administration has equally approved two SCD gene therapies. This presents a remarkable opportunity to demonstrate equity in public health genomics. This CRISPR-based treatment is expensive and therefore, a need for an ambitious action to ensure that they are affordable and accessible where they are needed most and stand to save millions of lives.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	333-5
ISSN	1469-1809 ; 0003-4800
ISSN (online)	1469-1809
ISSN	0003-4800
DOI	10.1111/ahg.12558
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Article: Outcomes of Hydroxyurea Accessed via Various Means and Barriers Affecting Its Usage Among Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia in North-Western Tanzania.

Ambrose, Emmanuela E / Kidenya, Benson R / Charles, Mwesige / Ndunguru, Joyce / Jonathan, Agnes / Makani, Julie / Minja, Irene K / Ruggajo, Paschal / Balandya, Emmanuel

Journal of blood medicine

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 37–47

Abstract: Purpose: To assess clinical and haematological outcomes of Hydroxyurea accessed via various access means and uncover the barriers to its utilization in children with Sickle cell anaemia (SCA), North-western Tanzania.: Patients and methods: A ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To assess clinical and haematological outcomes of Hydroxyurea accessed via various access means and uncover the barriers to its utilization in children with Sickle cell anaemia (SCA), North-western Tanzania. Patients and methods: A retrospective study was conducted between October 2020 and April 2021 at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) through review of medical files to compare the clinical and haematological outcomes among children with SCA at baseline and followed up retrospectively for at least one year of hydroxyurea utilization, accessed via cash, insurance and projects. Subsequently, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among parents and caregivers to ascertain the barriers to access of hydroxyurea via the various means. The p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: We identified 87 children with SCA who were on hydroxyurea for at least one year. The median age at baseline (before hydroxyurea) was 99 [78-151] months, and 52/87 (59.8%) were male. Compared to baseline, there was a significant reduction in proportion of patients reporting vaso-occlusive crisis, admissions and blood transfusions, a significant increase in Haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume, conversely a significant reduction in absolute neutrophil and reticulocytes to both insurance and project participants. There was no significant change in most of these parameters among patients who accessed hydroxyurea via cash. Further, a total of 24/87 (27.6%) participants reported different barriers to access of hydroxyurea, where 10/24 (41.7%) reported hydroxyurea to be very expensive, 10/24 (41.7%) reported insurance challenges, and 4/21 (16.6%) reported unavailability of the drug. Conclusion: The paediatric patients utilizing hydroxyurea accessed via insurance and projects, but not cash, experienced significant improvement in the clinical and haematological outcomes. Several barriers for access to hydroxyurea were observed which appeared to impact these outcomes. These findings call for concerted efforts to improve the sustainable access to hydroxyurea among all patients with SCA.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-21
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587464-0
ISSN	1179-2736
ISSN	1179-2736
DOI	10.2147/JBM.S380901
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Article ; Online: Comparison of Horizontal

Mwakyoma, Adam A / Kidenya, Benson R / Minja, Caroline A / Mushi, Martha F / Sandeman, Alison / Sabiti, Wilber / Holden, Mathew T G / Mshana, Stephen E

Archives of molecular biology and genetics

2023 Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–8

Abstract: Background: The dissemination of the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing : Methods: Horizontal : Results: Out of 50 ESBL producing : Conclusion: ESBL ... ...

Abstract	Background: The dissemination of the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing Methods: Horizontal Results: Out of 50 ESBL producing Conclusion: ESBL producing
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2831-6754
ISSN (online)	2831-6754
DOI	10.33696/genetics.2.011
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Article ; Online: Unraveling cervical cancer screening dilemmas: histopathological insights from VIA and LEEP at bugando medical centre, Mwanza.

Kaizilege, Godfrey K / Ndaboine, Edgar / Chuma, Clotilda / Mujuni, Fridolin / Kiritta, Richard / Matovelo, Dismas / Ottoman, Oscar / Elias, Edrick / Masalu, Nestory / Kidenya, Benson R / Mazigo, Humphrey D

BMC cancer

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 66

Abstract: Background: The single-visit strategy, also known as the "screen-and-treat" approach, is widely used to screen for cervical cancer in low- and middle-income countries. The screen-and-treat approach leads to unnecessary or inadequate treatment. Thus, a ... ...

Abstract	Background: The single-visit strategy, also known as the "screen-and-treat" approach, is widely used to screen for cervical cancer in low- and middle-income countries. The screen-and-treat approach leads to unnecessary or inadequate treatment. Thus, a study was conducted to determine the histopathological patterns of aceto-white lesions on visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) in patients who underwent a Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) at Bugando Medical Centre between January 2016 and December 2020. Method: A 5-year retrospective cross-sectional case record review was conducted on 329 women who had LEEP at Bugando Medical Centre following a positive VIA cervical screening test. A standard data abstraction form was used to collect patient information. Missing client information records and LEEP without histopathological results were exclusion criteria. For statistical analysis, STATA version 15 was used; in descriptive statistics, frequency, mean, and standard deviation were used. The Chi Results: This study looked at 329 patients who had LEEP following a VIA positive but were not eligible for cryotherapy. Our study participants had a mean age of 40 ± 8.2 SD. There were 203 (61.7%) patients with benign lesions, including 4 with schistosomiasis and 2 with cervical tuberculosis. The precancerous lesions were discovered in 100 cases (30.4%), and 26 (7.9%) already had invasive cervical cancer. Out of 100 patients with precancerous lesions, 58 (17.6%) and 42 (12.8%) have high- and low-grade squamous intraepithelial (HSIL and LSIL) lesions, respectively. The presence of a precancerous lesion was found to be associated with age 31-40 years (P-value 0.042) and HIV positivity (P-value 0.004). Conclusion: Most patients in this study had benign cervical lesions, which do not require LEEP treatment. Nonetheless, a considerable percentage of invasive cervical malignancies and rare benign diseases such as schistosomiasis and cervical tuberculosis were identified. A screen-and-treat approach within well-equipped tertiary hospitals like Bugando Medical Centre should explore alternative options instead of relying solely on straight LEEP.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; Acetic Acid ; Retrospective Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Electrosurgery/methods ; Tanzania ; Precancerous Conditions/surgery ; Tuberculosis ; Schistosomiasis/surgery
Chemical Substances	Acetic Acid (Q40Q9N063P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041352-X
ISSN	1471-2407 ; 1471-2407
ISSN (online)	1471-2407
ISSN	1471-2407
DOI	10.1186/s12885-023-11779-1
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Article ; Online: Utility of ultrasound guided versus conventional fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosing breast malignancies among patients with palpable breast lumps at Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza Tanzania.

Kamushaga, Tresphory Bonephace / Giiti, Geofrey Charles / Kidenya, Benson Richard / Ngoya, Patrick Sitati / Rambau, Peter Fabian

The Pan African medical journal

2021 Volume 39, Page(s) 133

Abstract: Introduction: breast lump is the commonest presentation for both benign and maligant breast conditions. Both ultrasound guided and conventional fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) have been used for diagnosing of breast malignancy among patients with ...

Abstract	Introduction: breast lump is the commonest presentation for both benign and maligant breast conditions. Both ultrasound guided and conventional fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) have been used for diagnosing of breast malignancy among patients with palpable breast lumps. This study compared diagnostic utility of ultrasound guided versus conventional FNAC in diagnosing breast malignancies among patients with palpable breast lumps at Bugando Medical Centre. Methods: this was a hospital based cross sectional study with a follow up component that combined both retrospective data (from January 2017 to June 2018) and prospective data (from July 2018 to June 2019). Results: during the study, total of 354 patients (male; female = 1: 32) were enrolled in the study. A total of 134 (37.9%) patients had malignant lesions while 220 (62.1%) of patients had benign lesions confirmed on histology. The diagnostic utility (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy) for conventional FNAC was 86.7%, 95.7%, 93.5%, 91.1% and 92.0% with an 8% error margin versus ultrasound guided FNAC all were 100% with a 0% error margin respectively. Conclusion: both ultrasound guided and conventional FNAC show almost perfect agreement with histology. However, ultrasound guided FNAC has a higher diagnostic utility relative to conventional FNAC in diagnosing breast malignancies.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods ; Breast Diseases/diagnosis ; Breast Diseases/pathology ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Breast Neoplasms, Male/diagnosis ; Breast Neoplasms, Male/pathology ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tanzania ; Ultrasonography, Interventional/methods ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-16
Publishing country	Uganda
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2514347-5
ISSN	1937-8688 ; 1937-8688
ISSN (online)	1937-8688
ISSN	1937-8688
DOI	10.11604/pamj.2021.39.133.22663
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Article ; Online: Therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine, artesunate-amodiaquine and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Marwa, Karol / Kapesa, Anthony / Baraka, Vito / Konje, Evelyne / Kidenya, Benson / Mukonzo, Jackson / Kamugisha, Erasmus / Swedberg, Gote

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) e0264339

Abstract: Background: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest burden of malaria in the world. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have been the cornerstone in the efforts to reduce the global burden of malaria. In the effort to facilitate early detection of ...

Abstract	Background: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest burden of malaria in the world. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have been the cornerstone in the efforts to reduce the global burden of malaria. In the effort to facilitate early detection of resistance for artemisinin derivatives and partner drugs, WHO recommends monitoring of ACT's efficacy in the malaria endemic countries. The present systematic meta-analysis study summarises the evidence of therapeutic efficacy of the commonly used artemisinin-based combinations for the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa after more than a decade since the introduction of the drugs. Methods: Fifty two studies carried out from 2010 to 2020 on the efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine or dihydro-artemisinin piperaquine or artesunate amodiaquine in patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa were searched for using the Google Scholar, Cochrane Central Register of controlled trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Medline, LILACS, and EMBASE online data bases. Data was extracted by two independent reviewers. Random analysis effect was performed in STATA 13. Heterogeneity was established using I2 statistics. Results: Based on per protocol analysis, unadjusted cure rates in malaria infected patients treated with artemether-lumefantrine (ALU), artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP) were 89%, 94% and 91% respectively. However, the cure rates after PCR correction were 98% for ALU, 99% for ASAQ and 99% for DHP. Conclusion: The present meta-analysis reports the overall high malaria treatment success for artemether-lumefantrine, artesunate-amodiaquine and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine above the WHO threshold value in Sub-Saharan Africa.
MeSH term(s)	Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology ; Amodiaquine/pharmacology ; Amodiaquine/therapeutic use ; Antimalarials/pharmacology ; Artemether/therapeutic use ; Artemether, Lumefantrine Drug Combination/therapeutic use ; Artemisinins ; Artesunate/therapeutic use ; Drug Combinations ; Ethanolamines/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Malaria/drug therapy ; Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy ; Malaria, Falciparum/epidemiology ; Piperazines ; Plasmodium falciparum ; Quinolines
Chemical Substances	Antimalarials ; Artemether, Lumefantrine Drug Combination ; Artemisinins ; Drug Combinations ; Ethanolamines ; Piperazines ; Quinolines ; Amodiaquine (220236ED28) ; Artesunate (60W3249T9M) ; artenimol (6A9O50735X) ; piperaquine (A0HV2Q956Y) ; Artemether (C7D6T3H22J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0264339
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Article: Urinary Tract Infections and Associated Factors among Patients with Indwelling Urinary Catheters Attending Bugando Medical Centre a Tertiary Hospital in Northwestern Tanzania.

Ndomba, Asteria L M / Laisser, Rose M / Silago, Vitus / Kidenya, Benson R / Mwanga, Joseph / Seni, Jeremiah / Mshana, Stephen E

Microorganisms

2022 Volume 10, Issue 2

Abstract: Complications of indwelling urinary catheterization (IUC) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, thus affecting patient's well-being. Understanding the magnitude and factors associated with complications is crucial in designing ... ...

Abstract	Complications of indwelling urinary catheterization (IUC) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, thus affecting patient's well-being. Understanding the magnitude and factors associated with complications is crucial in designing appropriate preventive strategies. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Bugando Medical Centre, involving patients with long-term and short-term IUC from December 2016 to September 2017. The data were analyzed by STATA 13.0. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CA-UTI) was the leading (56.8%; 250/440) complication among patients with IUC. Gram-negative bacteria were predominantly isolated (98.1%, 252/257), whereas
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms10020473
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Article ; Online: Health Related Quality of Life among Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia in Northwestern Tanzania.

Mwazyunga, Zivonishe / Ambrose, Emmanuela E / Kayange, Neema / Bakalemwa, Respicious / Kidenya, Benson / Smart, Luke R / Hokororo, Adolfine

Open journal of blood diseases

2022 Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 11–28

Abstract: Background: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is a serious, multisystem, genetic disorder affecting millions of children worldwide. The disease causes numerous complications that interfere with the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of these children ... ...

Abstract	Background: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is a serious, multisystem, genetic disorder affecting millions of children worldwide. The disease causes numerous complications that interfere with the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of these children including an impact on educational, physical and psychosocial development. Few studies have described the clinical spectrum and quality of life of children with SCA living in a low-resource area. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the clinical spectrum and HRQoL among children living with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) in northwest Tanzania. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study took place at Tertiary and teaching hospital, Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza Tanzania. The study enrolled children ages 2 - 12 years old with SCA attending the Bugando Medical Centre sickle cell clinic. Health related quality of life was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life, Brief Generic Core Scale after translating from English into a Swahili version. Important SCA complications were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Results: From October 2016 to March 2017, 204 children were enrolled. Participants presented at a median age of 6 years [IQR 4 - 9]. Among children with SCA the most common clinical signs at the time of enrolment were pale in 69.6% (142/204), jaundice in 65.9% (134/204), oxygen saturation < 90% in 25% (51/204) and splenomegaly in 19% (39/204). Severe anaemia was observed in 30.9% (63/204). A majority reported vaso-occlusive crisis (166/204, 81.4%), and very few had experienced a prior stroke (5/204, 2.5%). Using a modified Likert scale, a total of 41/204 (20.1%) children had poor HRQoL indicated by low scores on PedsQL Conclusion: SCA complications, negatively impact the HRQoL of children living with the disease. Severe anaemia, older age and frequent hospitalizations were highly associated with poor HRQoL. Comprehensive management is needed beginning at diagnosis to identify these children early and provide them with adequate support.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2667290-X
ISSN	2164-3199 ; 2164-3199
ISSN (online)	2164-3199
ISSN	2164-3199
DOI	10.4236/ojbd.2022.122002
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