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  1. Article ; Online: Nurses' knowledge and implementation of antimicrobial stewardship and infection prevention strategies in acute paediatric settings.

    Kilpatrick, M / Hutchinson, A / Manias, E / Bouchoucha, S L

    The Journal of hospital infection

    2023  Volume 137, Page(s) 54–60

    Abstract: Background: Nurses are the first point of contact for patients and are responsible for monitoring and reporting signs of infection. The COVID-19 pandemic cemented nurses' leadership role in infection prevention. Despite this, nurses' contribution to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Nurses are the first point of contact for patients and are responsible for monitoring and reporting signs of infection. The COVID-19 pandemic cemented nurses' leadership role in infection prevention. Despite this, nurses' contribution to antimicrobial stewardship initiatives remains under-recognized.
    Aim: To determine how paediatric nurses understood their role and contribution to antimicrobial stewardship and infection prevention and control practices in three different acute paediatric wards.
    Methods: Forty-three nurses were recruited from an adolescent ward, an oncology ward, and a surgical ward in a metropolitan tertiary children's hospital for a qualitative exploratory descriptive study.
    Findings: Thematic and content analysis derived three themes from the data: understanding of preventable infections; embracing evidence-based guidelines to protect the patient; and roles in preventing and controlling infections and antimicrobial stewardship. Associated subthemes were: desensitized to COVID-19; understanding infection prevention and control precautions; correct use of hospital policy and guidelines; restrictions associated with the use of electronic medical records; understanding of sepsis management and the importance of timely microbiological testing; ambivalence on antimicrobial stewardship roles; and high priority placed on consumer education.
    Conclusion: Nurses' understanding of their role focused on practices such as performing hand hygiene, standard precautions, and reporting the use of high-risk antimicrobials. A lack of understanding of paediatric COVID-19 transmission and presentations was also reported. Education on best practice in infection prevention and AMS was recognized as crucial for both nurses and parents.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Adolescent ; Antimicrobial Stewardship ; Clinical Competence ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Qualitative Research
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 779366-2
    ISSN 1532-2939 ; 0195-6701
    ISSN (online) 1532-2939
    ISSN 0195-6701
    DOI 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.05.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Exercise Prescription Practices Among Mental Health Professionals on College Campuses: Testing the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model.

    Newsome, A'Naja M / Kilpatrick, Marcus / Dedrick, Robert F

    International journal of behavioral medicine

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: The co-occurrence of physical inactivity and poor mental health in the college student population can lead to chronic health issues that have negative short-term effects (e.g., academic success). Poor mental health is associated with long- ... ...

    Abstract Background: The co-occurrence of physical inactivity and poor mental health in the college student population can lead to chronic health issues that have negative short-term effects (e.g., academic success). Poor mental health is associated with long-term conditions (e.g., obesity, serious mental illness) that are linked to premature mortality. The purpose of this study was to examine the information-motivation-behavioral (IMB) skills model and evaluate its ability to explain the variance in the use of exercise prescription in mental health treatment.
    Method: Mental health professionals (MHPs) (n = 255) were recruited from college counseling centers in the USA. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationship between the predictor variables of information (exercise knowledge and benefits of exercise), motivation (personal beliefs, perceived barriers, and organizational support), and behavioral skills (self-efficacy), and the outcome variable of exercise prescription (i.e., brief counseling and referral for exercise).
    Results: The predictors accounted for 23% of the variance in exercise prescription (p = .001). Organizational support had a significant direct effect on exercise prescription (β = 0.27, p = .05). Personal beliefs (β = 0.96, p = .05) and organizational support (β = 0.31, p = .04) had significant direct effects on self-efficacy for prescribing exercise. MHP personal exercise behavior was associated with exercise prescription.
    Conclusion: MHPs may be willing to support physical activity promotion and exercise prescription, but organizational structures are critical to enhance and sustain the delivery of this adjunctive therapy. The personal exercise history of MHPs may be an important consideration for behavior change interventions. The development and validation of scales are important considerations for future intervention study design.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1187972-5
    ISSN 1532-7558 ; 1070-5503
    ISSN (online) 1532-7558
    ISSN 1070-5503
    DOI 10.1007/s12529-024-10266-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Subcutaneous tranexamic acid for bleeding associated with a mycotic aortic aneurysm.

    Kilpatrick, Mhairi / Bateman, Susan / Baggott, Amy / Sutherland, Anna

    BMJ supportive & palliative care

    2023  

    Abstract: We describe the case of a 64-year-old woman with haemoptysis due to a mycotic thoracic aneurysm, with probable fistulation into the lung and oesophagus. Continuous subcutaneous tranexamic acid was used at the end of life to minimise bleeding associated ... ...

    Abstract We describe the case of a 64-year-old woman with haemoptysis due to a mycotic thoracic aneurysm, with probable fistulation into the lung and oesophagus. Continuous subcutaneous tranexamic acid was used at the end of life to minimise bleeding associated with this, once the oral route was lost. A 1.5 g of tranexamic acid was administered, diluted with 23 mL water for injection in a 30 mL syringe, as a continuous subcutaneous infusion over 24 hours. Bleeding ceased rapidly following administration. There was no further bleeding in the last days before death and no site reaction noted. This case report adds to the growing evidence base for the use of subcutaneous tranexamic acid in a palliative care setting. However, further research is needed to support this practice both in terms of efficacy and safety, but also terms of compatibility and stability when administered by continuous subcutaneous infusion.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2045-4368
    ISSN (online) 2045-4368
    DOI 10.1136/spcare-2023-004312
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Gonadal hormones in borderline personality disorder: implications for understanding symptoms and supporting treatment.

    Osz, Frank / Kilpatrick, Michelle / Muburi, Catherine / Castle, David

    Archives of women's mental health

    2023  

    Abstract: Objective: To review the literature on the impact of gonadal hormones on features of borderline personality disorder.: Background: Oestrogen flux and absolute sex hormone levels are known to be associated with various mood states in women. We ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To review the literature on the impact of gonadal hormones on features of borderline personality disorder.
    Background: Oestrogen flux and absolute sex hormone levels are known to be associated with various mood states in women. We investigated whether this was particularly relevant for borderline symptoms in women with or without borderline personality disorder (BPD).
    Methods: Systematic literature review.
    Discussion: There is some evidence that borderline symptoms are more severe during certain phases on the menstrual cycle in non-clinical samples of women. There is also a small evidence base that suggests that women with BPD show symptom exacerbation during the late luteal phase of their menstrual cycle.
    Conclusion: More work is required to establish the nature and mechanisms of interactions between gonadal hormones and symptom expression in BPD patients, and therapeutic endeavours need stringent empirical testing.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-05
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1463529-X
    ISSN 1435-1102 ; 1434-1816
    ISSN (online) 1435-1102
    ISSN 1434-1816
    DOI 10.1007/s00737-023-01406-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Eimeria infections in domestic and wild ruminants with reference to control options in domestic ruminants.

    Bangoura, Berit / Bhuiya, Md Ashraful Islam / Kilpatrick, Michelle

    Parasitology research

    2022  Volume 121, Issue 8, Page(s) 2207–2232

    Abstract: Eimeria infections are commonly seen in a variety of mammalian hosts. This genus of unicellular sporozoan parasites causes significant disease (coccidiosis) in different livestock species leading to economic losses for agricultural producers. Especially ... ...

    Abstract Eimeria infections are commonly seen in a variety of mammalian hosts. This genus of unicellular sporozoan parasites causes significant disease (coccidiosis) in different livestock species leading to economic losses for agricultural producers. Especially the production of cattle, sheep, and goat is strongly dependent on efficient coccidiosis control. However, many other livestock hosts like, e.g., camelids, bison, rabbits, and guinea pigs may benefit from reduced parasite transmission and targeted control measures as well. Besides livestock, also wildlife and pet animals may be affected by Eimeria infections resulting in clinical or subclinical coccidiosis. Wildlife herd health is crucial to conservation efforts, and Eimeria species are a prevalent pathogen in multiple mammalian wildlife species. This review aims to highlight the epidemiology of mammalian Eimeria infections in both wild and domestic ruminants, including host specificity, transmission, survival of environmental oocysts, occurrence, and risk factors for infection. Understanding general drivers of Eimeria infection may support adequate livestock and wildlife management. Furthermore, control options for livestock with reference to management factors, drug application, and alternative approaches are discussed. The goal of Eimeria control should be to reduce pathogen transmission in different host species and to improve sustainable livestock production. Controlling Eimeria infections in livestock is important considering both their animal welfare impact and their high economic relevance.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Cattle ; Coccidiosis/epidemiology ; Coccidiosis/prevention & control ; Coccidiosis/veterinary ; Eimeria ; Feces/parasitology ; Guinea Pigs ; Livestock/parasitology ; Oocysts ; Rabbits ; Ruminants/parasitology ; Sheep
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-10
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 284966-5
    ISSN 1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    ISSN (online) 1432-1955
    ISSN 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    DOI 10.1007/s00436-022-07564-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Post-Wildfire Regeneration in a Sky-Island Mixed- Conifer Ecosystem of the North American Great Basin

    Kilpatrick, Mackenzie / Biondi, Franco

    Forests. 2020 Aug. 19, v. 11, no. 9

    2020  

    Abstract: Information on wildfire impacts and ecosystem responses is relatively sparse in the Great Basin of North America, where subalpine ecosystems are generally dominated by five-needle pines. We analyzed existing vegetation, with an emphasis on regeneration ... ...

    Abstract Information on wildfire impacts and ecosystem responses is relatively sparse in the Great Basin of North America, where subalpine ecosystems are generally dominated by five-needle pines. We analyzed existing vegetation, with an emphasis on regeneration following the year 2000 Phillips Ranch Fire, at a sky-island site in the Snake Range of eastern Nevada. Our main objective was to compare bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva; PILO) post-fire establishment and survival to that of the co-occurring dominant conifers limber pine (Pinus flexilis; PIFL) and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii; PIEN) in connection with site characteristics. Field data were collected in 40 circular 0.1 ha plots (17.8 m radius) randomly located using GIS so that half of them were inside (“burned”) and half were outside (“unburned”) the 2000 fire boundary. While evidence of previous burns was also found, we focused on impacts from the Phillips Ranch Fire. Mean total basal area, including live and dead stems, was not significantly different between plots inside the burn and plots outside the fire perimeter, but the live basal area was significantly less in the former than in the latter. Wildfire impacts did not limit regeneration, and indeed bristlecone seedlings and saplings were more abundant in plots inside the 2000 fire perimeter than in those outside of it. PILO regeneration, especially saplings, was more abundant than PIFL and PCEN combined, indicating that PILO can competitively regenerate under modern climatic conditions. Surviving PILO regeneration in burned plots was also taller than that of PIFL. By contrast, PCEN was nearly absent in the plots that had been impacted by fire. Additional research should explicitly address how climatic changes and disturbance processes may interact in shaping future vegetation dynamics.
    Keywords Picea engelmannii ; Pinus flexilis ; Pinus longaeva ; basins ; climate change ; climatic factors ; conifers ; ecosystems ; geographic information systems ; saplings ; seedlings ; stems ; vegetation ; wildfires ; Nevada
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0819
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2527081-3
    ISSN 1999-4907
    ISSN 1999-4907
    DOI 10.3390/f11090900
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Applying terror management theory as a framework to understand the impact of heightened mortality salience on children, adolescents, and their parents: A systematic review.

    Kilpatrick, Mataya / Hutchinson, Ana / Manias, Elizabeth / Bouchoucha, Stéphane L

    Death studies

    2022  Volume 47, Issue 7, Page(s) 814–826

    Abstract: Terror Management Theory (TMT) posits that controlling death anxiety is a driving force behind many aspects of social behavior. The objective in this systematic review was to explore how TMT is used to explain children's, adolescents', and parents' ... ...

    Abstract Terror Management Theory (TMT) posits that controlling death anxiety is a driving force behind many aspects of social behavior. The objective in this systematic review was to explore how TMT is used to explain children's, adolescents', and parents' behavior when exposed to situations that increase mortality salience. A systematic search identified 2484 papers; 14 studies met eligibility criteria. Key topics explored were mortality salience, death thoughts, and distal defenses. Findings indicate that adolescents comprehend death and have mortality salience reactions like adults, highlighting the potential for TMT to be used to explain children's and adolescents' social behavior in high-stress situations.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Child ; Adolescent ; Parents ; Social Behavior ; Self Concept
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632596-8
    ISSN 1091-7683 ; 0748-1187
    ISSN (online) 1091-7683
    ISSN 0748-1187
    DOI 10.1080/07481187.2022.2132550
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Environmental cleaning and infection prevention and control: The role of Patient Service Assistants.

    Bouchoucha, Stéphane L / Sangojoyo, Jennie Livia / Kilpatrick, Mataya / Hutchinson, Ana

    Infection, disease & health

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 136–141

    Abstract: Background: In Australia, Patient Service Assistants are an integral part of all health care settings, yet there is a paucity of studies considering their understandings and perceptions of their role about infection prevention and control. The aim in ... ...

    Abstract Background: In Australia, Patient Service Assistants are an integral part of all health care settings, yet there is a paucity of studies considering their understandings and perceptions of their role about infection prevention and control. The aim in this study was to explore haematology Personal Service Assistants' experience, understanding and perceptions of their role in improving patient safety through environmental cleaning.
    Methods: A qualitative exploratory descriptive design was utilised to collect data from cleaning staff via focus groups. Three semi-structured focus groups were conducted.
    Results: Seven Patient Service Assistants participated in the study out of 11 employed. Two key themes emerged from the thematic analysis: (1) Playing a major role in Infection Prevention and Control, and (2) prioritising good interpersonal relationships over promoting infection prevention and control. Patient Service Assistants emphasised the importance of their involvement in keeping the ward clean, including patients' rooms and surroundings, to prevent cross infection. Most participants underlined the dilemmas they faced when visitors and/or informal cleaning employees or casual ward staff did not adhere to ward infection prevention and control norms.
    Conclusion: Patient Service Assistants were employing key infection prevention and control principles in their ward cleaning routine, with the aim of achieving a safer patient environment although they were reluctant to challenge observed practice deviations. The role of Patient Service Assistants highlights the widely held misconception that patient safety is solely dependent on healthcare workers.
    MeSH term(s) Australia ; Cross Infection/prevention & control ; Health Personnel ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Patient Safety
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2902143-1
    ISSN 2468-0869 ; 2468-0451
    ISSN (online) 2468-0869
    ISSN 2468-0451
    DOI 10.1016/j.idh.2022.03.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Evaluation of prescription medication changes following sleeve gastrectomy surgery.

    Arena, Gina / Kitsos, Alex / Hamdorf, Jeffrey M / D'Arcy-Evans, Mike / Kilpatrick, Michelle / Venn, Alison / Preen, David B

    Obesity science & practice

    2024  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) e742

    Abstract: Objective: The increasing global prevalence of obesity, coupled with its association with chronic health conditions and rising healthcare costs, highlights the need for effective interventions; however, despite the availability of treatment options, the ...

    Abstract Objective: The increasing global prevalence of obesity, coupled with its association with chronic health conditions and rising healthcare costs, highlights the need for effective interventions; however, despite the availability of treatment options, the ongoing success of primary interventions in maintaining long-term weight loss remains limited. This study examined the prescription medication dispensing changes following sleeve gastrectomy in Australians aged 45 years and over.
    Methods: In a retrospective analysis of 847 bariatric surgery patients from the New South Wales 45 and Up Study, the assessment of medication patterns categorizing into three groups: gastrointestinal, metabolic, cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and nervous systems was conducted. Each drug class was analyzed, focusing on patients with dispensing records within the 12 months before surgery. This study employed interrupted time-series analysis to compare pre- and post-surgery medication usage.
    Results: With a predominantly female population (76.9%) and an average age of 57.2 (standard deviation 5.71), there were statistically significant reductions in both unique medications (12.5% decrease,
    Conclusion: These findings suggest that sleeve gastrectomy provides an effective therapeutic intervention for patients with comorbidities requiring multiple medications, especially for obesity-related diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal disorders.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2836381-4
    ISSN 2055-2238 ; 2055-2238
    ISSN (online) 2055-2238
    ISSN 2055-2238
    DOI 10.1002/osp4.742
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Nursing students' awareness and perceptions of nurses' role in antimicrobial stewardship.

    Bouchoucha, Stéphane L / Kilpatrick, Mataya / Phillips, Nicole M / Hutchinson, Anastasia F

    Nurse education in practice

    2021  Volume 52, Page(s) 103036

    Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is a major threat to public health worldwide. Antimicrobial stewardship programs and interventions aiming to optimise the use of antibiotics, are increasingly used to ensure judicious use of antibiotics and limit the emergence of ...

    Abstract Antimicrobial resistance is a major threat to public health worldwide. Antimicrobial stewardship programs and interventions aiming to optimise the use of antibiotics, are increasingly used to ensure judicious use of antibiotics and limit the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Nurses are pivotal in antimicrobial stewardship however nursing students' awareness of such programs has not been investigated. This study aimed to elicit nursing students' perspectives and perceptions of the nurse's role in antimicrobial stewardship. A cross-sectional design was utilised to survey pre-registration nursing students. A total of 321 nursing students enrolled in an Australian university participated. The survey comprised questions on knowledge and opinions regarding the nurse's role in AMS and on a range of topics relating to antimicrobial stewardship and antimicrobial resistance, through closed and open-ended questions. While 44.5% of participants indicated they were familiar with the term Antimicrobial Stewardship, 70.7% believed they had very little or no knowledge of the principles. Completion of subjects with a focus on quality and safety in nursing practice and quality use of medications was associated with greater awareness. Findings underscore the need to engage nursing students in discussions exploring the problem of antimicrobial resistance and the important role nurses play in Antimicrobial Stewardship programs.
    MeSH term(s) Antimicrobial Stewardship ; Australia ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Nurse's Role ; Perception ; Students, Nursing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-24
    Publishing country Scotland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2058575-5
    ISSN 1873-5223 ; 1471-5953
    ISSN (online) 1873-5223
    ISSN 1471-5953
    DOI 10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103036
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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